EP0894200B1 - Druckluftzylinder, insbesondere zur betätigung von rauchabzugsklappen in rauch- und wärmeabzugsanlagen - Google Patents
Druckluftzylinder, insbesondere zur betätigung von rauchabzugsklappen in rauch- und wärmeabzugsanlagen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0894200B1 EP0894200B1 EP97921772A EP97921772A EP0894200B1 EP 0894200 B1 EP0894200 B1 EP 0894200B1 EP 97921772 A EP97921772 A EP 97921772A EP 97921772 A EP97921772 A EP 97921772A EP 0894200 B1 EP0894200 B1 EP 0894200B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- piston
- valve
- pressure
- pneumatic cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000352 storage cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 34
- BYHQTRFJOGIQAO-GOSISDBHSA-N 3-(4-bromophenyl)-8-[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]-1-[(3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one Chemical compound C[C@H](CN1CCC2(CC1)CN(C(=O)N2CC3=CC(=CC=C3)OC)C4=CC=C(C=C4)Br)O BYHQTRFJOGIQAO-GOSISDBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000893930 Swine hepatitis E virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/204—Control means for piston speed or actuating force without external control, e.g. control valve inside the piston
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
- A62C2/24—Operating or controlling mechanisms
- A62C2/246—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators
- A62C2/248—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators pneumatic
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
- E05F15/72—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to emergency conditions, e.g. fire
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/50—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators
- E05F15/53—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators for swinging wings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/404—Function thereof
- E05Y2201/422—Function thereof for opening
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/43—Motors
- E05Y2201/448—Fluid motors; Details thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/148—Windows
Definitions
- the invention relates to an air cylinder for actuation an adjustable element, in particular a smoke flap in a smoke and heat exhaust system according to the generic term of claim 1.
- Compressed air tank with a double-sided pressure Piston with at least one working surface in a cylinder with at least one working chamber by compressed air can be moved, for example in smoke and heat extraction systems (abbreviated: RWA systems) used to in the case a fire due to the application of a cylinder space or a cylinder chamber with compressed air smoke and heat exhaust flaps can be opened automatically or remotely, so that it arises Can extract smoke that would otherwise make rescue difficult or prevented, and thus a central access for the rescue is created.
- RWA systems smoke and heat extraction systems
- the pressure cylinders used must meet high safety requirements suffice.
- a particularly advantageous end position lock which is also suitable for an intermediate position to lock a piston rod of the compressed air cylinder, is characterized in that coaxial to the piston rod and opposite this up to a stop on the piston rod slidably, an additional locking bar is provided, which limited a partial stroke of the piston rod and in this partial stroke position arranged in an outer on a locking piston Lock cylinder protrudes (EP 0 363 575 B1).
- an additional locking piston slidable with a sleeve-like Section in partial stroke position encompasses balls that are in engage an annular groove in the additional locking bar and are otherwise radially movable.
- the radially outward moving Bullets are released when the sleeve-like section has moved axially.
- the additional locking piston is above pressure-controlled reversing valve when a predetermined value is exceeded Pressure with the closest adjacent cylinder space in connection.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of creating the most compact possible compressed air cylinder of the type mentioned at the outset, in particular as an RWA cylinder, which manages without additional auxiliary energy (type) and without additional external, in particular fire-protected lines, and which is straightforward, particularly in RWA Plants can be installed.
- This object is achieved by the formation of an air cylinder of the type mentioned at the outset with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
- This compressed air cylinder comes without additional auxiliary energy because it is only available for its normal operation compressible pressure medium, i.e. especially compressed air, is controlled.
- compressible pressure medium i.e. especially compressed air
- Air compresses, which in connection with the piston one Air spring forms.
- the pressure medium refill device exists in particular for the special SHEV systems mentioned in constructive simple way that it as a pressure medium suction device in the form of a vacuum valve, preferably in one Cylinder bottom or a cylinder wall is formed over which the cylinder space divided by the working chamber with communicates with the outside atmosphere.
- a vacuum valve preferably in one Cylinder bottom or a cylinder wall is formed over which the cylinder space divided by the working chamber with communicates with the outside atmosphere.
- This vacuum valve can by sucking in air from the outside atmosphere the filling of the storage chamber using the normal Maintain the function of the compressed air cylinder in a targeted manner become.
- This design of the air cylinder is also a compact design achievable.
- the working chamber and the cylinder space divided off by it communicate a flow path in which a mechanical automatically controlled differential pressure limiter is arranged.
- a mechanical automatically controlled differential pressure limiter is arranged in which a mechanical automatically controlled differential pressure limiter is arranged.
- this variant is the pressure refill device advantageously compact in the piston according to claim 8:
- a first valve spool is in the piston in the piston and a check valve as a differential pressure limiter arranged such that a flow path in the piston between the working chamber and the cylinder space separated by it can be opened.
- This is the first valve slide through one in the cylinder space that is the storage chamber forms, arranged plunger actuated.
- the flow path in the piston is open when the first piston Valve slide, especially its tappet, to the stop or abuts a corresponding solid surface and a pressure difference between the working chamber and the cylinder space exceeds a value preset on the check valve.
- a preferred variant of the compressed air cylinder has the features that the check valve as a second valve spool is formed and that the second valve spool and the first valve slide with a plunger protruding from it coaxially one behind the other in a common hole in the Pistons are mounted, an insert inserted in one end and that the first valve spool and the second Valve spool by a compression spring arranged between them are pressed outwards against sealing surfaces.
- This variant can be particularly important with regard to training of the piston with only one bore for both valve spools can be produced with just a few parts at low cost.
- first valve spool and the second Valve slide as molded rubber parts with on its outer face ring-shaped sealing bead are formed.
- the function of the first valve spool arranged in the piston assumes a stop or equivalent fixed area limits the piston movement. That attack or the area is in that divided by the working chamber Cylinder space arranged, this cylinder space either forms the storage chamber completely, see claim 2, or part of this storage chamber, see claim 3.
- the partial storage chamber in which one with the cylinder space, which at most is part of the storage chamber forms a partial storage chamber via a flow path in Connection is established, the partial storage chamber can largely freely be formed.
- the partial storage chamber is advantageous an annular chamber which is arranged around the cylinder. This results in a relatively short design of the Cylinder, however, has a relatively large outer circumference having. It can also be advantageous to use the partial storage chamber constructively as an external storage chamber from the cylinder or to separate the cylinder unit.
- the displaceability of the piston limited by a stop in the cylinder chamber, which of is divided into the work area and a storage chamber or forms part of it.
- the stop can also be arranged outside the cylinder space and for example engage a piston rod.
- the working chamber partitioned cylinder space over a preferably in a pressure relief valve arranged in a cylinder base or a cylinder wall in connection with the outside atmosphere. This ensures that even with an increase in the ambient temperature the final pressure in the storage chamber a predetermined Value does not exceed a normal function to ensure the compressed air cylinder and overstressing the heat flap and the connecting elements connected to it to avoid.
- the compressed air cylinder according to claim 13 can be advantageous with an end position locking device that engages the piston rod be equipped by which the piston at least Lockable in one end position with the working chamber vented to keep the smoke flap open.
- an end position locking device that engages the piston rod be equipped by which the piston at least Lockable in one end position with the working chamber vented to keep the smoke flap open.
- bilateral End position locking of the piston rod provided.
- Fig. 1 generally 1 denotes an air cylinder, of the piston 2, which can be acted upon on both sides a piston rod 3.
- the piston 2 separates a working chamber 4 from a cylinder chamber 5 acting as an air or compressed air as a storage chamber storing compressible pressure medium is trained.
- a stop 8 attached to a cylinder bottom 9.
- a vacuum valve 10 is embedded in the cylinder base, in a cylinder space 5 with one not designated Flow channel 11 connecting the outside atmosphere Vacuum valve includes a spring-loaded ball, which due to the outside atmospheric pressure inside the cylinder chamber and the flow channel 11 is pressed opens when the pressure in the cylinder space in outside pressure the position of the piston shown in Fig. 1 by one falls below the specified value. In this case there is air refilled into the cylinder space under atmospheric pressure.
- the overpressure relief valve which is also embedded in the cylinder base 12 is similar to the vacuum valve described 10 built up - but vice versa in a flow channel 13 oriented, so that it to the outside atmosphere opens when the piston 2 in the position shown in Fig. 2 and in this case an overpressure in the cylinder space 5 prevails, one preset on the pressure relief valve 12 Value exceeds.
- Air cylinder 1 The basic function of that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 Air cylinder 1 is the following, again assuming is that the piston rod 3 over not shown Fasteners with a swiveling smoke flap is connected in an RWA system:
- the piston 2 is thus in the end position shown in FIG. 2 under the pressure of the compressible air in the cylinder space 5 biased as storage space.
- the smoke flap not shown, for example in the event of a fire, it is not necessary that more energy is supplied to the air cylinder, rather it suffices to connect the working space to the connection bore 14 vent the connected valve arrangement, not shown, which can be a solenoid valve, for example, or Three / two-way valves.
- the pressure is in the Working chamber 4 practically equal to the pressure of the outside atmosphere, so that under the pressure of the biased in the cylinder chamber 5 Air of the piston 2 from that shown in Fig. 2 Advance the end position back into the end position shown in FIG. 1 can and can open the smoke flap.
- the Flap automatically in its open end position, for example 140 ° and pulls the piston rod 3 with the piston 2, whereby the pressure in the cylinder space 5 under the pressure of the Outside atmosphere may sink, but this causes the cylinder space 5 no longer for the next compression phase when closing the smoke flap would be sufficiently pre-filled. To do this avoid, opens the vacuum valve 10, as described the desired degree of pre-filling has been reached.
- the second variant shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from the discussed first variant in that instead of the vacuum valve 10 in the cylinder bottom, a pressure medium refill device is arranged in the piston 16. in the the rest wear on all variants of the air cylinder matching elements have the same reference numerals.
- the pressure medium refill device in the piston 16 in essentially from a first valve slide 17 with one of a plunger projecting surface 18 of the piston 19 as well as a spring-loaded and thus adjustable Check valve 20.
- the first valve spool and the check valve are arranged in bores that are not marked, the one flow path from the working chamber 4 via the presettable Check valve 20 and the valve spool 17 too form the cylinder chamber 5.
- the second variant is in the area of its cylinder base 21 also designed differently than the first variant, in which in the second variant, a stop 22 in the form of a hollow cylinder is integrally formed with the cylinder base 21, in such a way that the plunger 19 of the first valve slide 17th can encounter an end face 23 of the stop.
- the pressure relief valve 12 is here centered on the with a longitudinal axis 24 indicated by a dash-dotted line of the compressed air cylinder, the flow channel 13 of the pressure relief valve 12 into the interior of the stop 22 reaches into it.
- This type of construction is a safe system the compression surface 18 of the piston 16 on the end face 23 of the stop without tilting the piston while simultaneously Actuation of the plunger 19 reached.
- the working chamber 4 is pressurized with compressed air, so moves the piston 16 with compression of those pre-filled in the cylinder space 5 Air turn right towards the stop 22, corresponding to that prevailing in the cylinder space 5
- Initial pressure and the area ratio between the compression area 18 and the undesignated work surface of the Piston 16 until the compression surface 18 of the piston 16 abuts the end face 23 of the stop 22, at the same time the plunger 19 against the spring load of the first valve spool 17 inwards into the piston 16 is pushed and the valve spool 17 in the flow path the piston to the cylinder chamber 5 opens.
- the third variant shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 differs from the second variant discussed above, that the storage chamber in which the pre-filled air is compressed by the piston 16, not completely by a cylinder space 25 is formed, but that in addition a partial storage chamber as an annular chamber 26 around the cylinder 24 is arranged.
- the annular chamber 26 stands with the cylinder space 25 via at least one bore 27 in a cylinder wall 28 in connection. So the storage volume is over here the volume of the annular chamber 26 is greater than the storage volume of the cylinder chamber 5 in the second variant according to FIG. 3 and 4, provided the same volumes of the cylinder spaces 25 and 5.
- the compressed air cylinder 24 can be shorter be built as the air cylinder 1 in Fig. 3rd and 4th
- Air cylinder 29 corresponds mainly in the area of Cylinder chamber 5 of the first variant with the stop 8 in the Cylinder chamber and the final cylinder base 9, in which a vacuum valve 10 with a flow channel 11 and a Pressure relief valve 12 with a flow channel 13 are arranged.
- a vacuum valve 10 with a flow channel 11 and a Pressure relief valve 12 with a flow channel 13 are arranged.
- the functional description is concerned be referred to the first variant.
- a piston 30 is included a piston rod 32 connected from a work surface 31 of the piston protrudes.
- the working surface 31 in turn delimits a working chamber 33, on the other hand, by a Cylinder head 34 is defined.
- the cylinder head 34 takes here in its front outer Area an end position lock generally designated 35 which is suitable for the piston rod 32 in the in Fig. 7 shown position, the open position with a the piston rod 32 communicating smoke flap (not shown) corresponds to lock.
- the locking piston 36 delimits inside the cylinder head a bolt pressure chamber 38, which via a (not shown in Fig. 9) Through hole 39 with the working chamber in pressure-conducting connection.
- the bolt pressure chamber and the Working chamber can be further holes 40 - the in Fig. 9 are also not shown - via valves with the Pressure medium can be supplied under working pressure or vented become.
- the pressure medium is preferably compressed air.
- the locking piston 36 has an inner end face a sleeve-like section 41, which is suitable for the Balls 42 to cover when the balls are in an annular Groove 43 are in the piston rod, see Fig. 7, or release so that the balls by moving the piston rod 32 pressed out of the annular groove 43 and in the bolt pressure chamber 38 can be moved radially outwards, see Fig. 9.
- Variant 4 is controlled by a three / two-way thermal valve 44, which when heated above a predetermined Limit the bolt pressure chamber 38 and the working chamber 33 vented automatically.
- the thermal valve can be combined with another Three / two-way valve 45 communicating, whichever, e.g. operated manually or magnetically (as a solenoid valve) can be.
- This three / two-way valve stands with one Compressed air source in connection.
- thermal valve 44 shows a section through the thermal valve 44 conventional construction, which is therefore not in detail needs to be described.
- This thermal valve stands out how also indicated in FIG. 7, in connection with further bores 40, that lead to the bolt pressure chamber 38.
- the preferred fifth variant shown in FIGS. 10-12 of the air cylinder 45 corresponds in its left end portion with an end position lock 46 and a thermal valve 47 of the fourth variant according to FIG. 7 and in the area of the piston 48 partially of the second variant according to FIG. 4.
- a second valve spool 50 which is the check valve 50 forms, and a first valve slide 51 one behind the other arranged.
- Both valve spools 50, 51 are in shape a molded rubber part with an annular sealing bead 52 or 53 formed on the end face.
- the sealing bead 52, 53 seals well in connection with a flat surface, where he comes to the plant.
- the second valve slide-50 replaces the ball of the pre-adjustable Check valve 20 in Fig. 3 and 4.
- the sealing bead 53 of the second valve slide 50 seals below Spring force of a compression spring, not shown in the drawing, which are attached to a bundle 58 or 59 the first or second valve slide 51 and 50 supports against an annular flat end face 54 of an insert 55 with a through hole 56, which leads to a working chamber 57.
- the first valve slide 51 is actuated by a plunger 63, if this on a stop 64 on a cylinder bottom 65 triggers.
- the cylinder base 65 has an overpressure relief valve 66 on which via a bore 67 with one of the working chamber 57 essentially separate cylinder chamber 68 in connection stands.
- the first can be used for its function Variant can be referenced.
- the piston 48 When the working chamber 57 and the bolt pressure chamber are vented 70, the piston 48 through the prevailing in the cylinder chamber 68 Push left to open the piston rod 71 connected smoke exhaust flap, the second and seal the first valve spool 50, 51, see FIG. 12. Otherwise, the second valve slide 50 has the same function like the adjustable check valve 20 of the second Variant.
- the sixth variant of the compressed air cylinder shown in FIG. 13 72 differs essentially from the fifth variant in that an external storage chamber 73 is provided is connected to the cylinder base 75 via a line 74 is. In it it stands over holes 76, 77 with a Cylinder chamber 78 in connection, the volume of which is shown in the Position of the piston 48 is reduced to practically zero because the piston 48 with a working surface on a corresponding one End face of the cylinder bottom 75 is pressed and one of this outstanding stop is missing.
- the whole of that Piston 48 limited volume in the cylinder 72 is thus available as working chamber 79 while the external storage chamber 73 spatially separated from the compressed air cylinder 72 can be accommodated.
- the working stroke of the piston 48 and piston rod 89 are maximized.
Landscapes
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Description
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Ausbildung eines Druckluftzylinders der eingangs genannten Gattung mit den in dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst.
- Fig. 1
- eine erste Variante mit einer Druckmittelnachsaugeinrichtung und einem Überdruckbegrenzungsventil in einer geöffneten Stellung der mit einer Kolbenstange in Verbindung stehenden, nicht dargestellten Rauchabzugsklappe;
- Fig. 2
- die erste Variante in einer Position, die einer geschlossenen Stellung der Rauchabzugsklappe entspricht;
- Fig. 3
- eine zweite Variante mit Druckmittelnachfülleinrichtung und Überdruckbegrenzungsventil in einer Position, die einer geöffneten Stellung der nicht dargestellten Rauchabzugsklappe entspricht;
- Fig. 4
- die zweite Variante in einer Stellung, die der geschlossenen Stellung der Rauchabzugsklappe entspricht;
- Fig. 5
- eine dritte Variante ähnlich der zweiten Variante, jedoch mit einer Teilspeicherkammer, die als Ringkammer um den Zylinder angeordnet ist, in einer der geöffneten Stellung der nicht dargestellten Rauchabzugsklappe zugeordneten Position;
- Fig. 6
- die dritte Variante gemäß Fig. 5, jedoch in einer Position, die der geschlossenen Stellung der Rauchabzugsklappe zugeordnet ist;
- Fig. 7
- eine vierte Variante ähnlich der ersten Variante ergänzt mit einem Thermoventil sowie einem beliebig betätigbaren Drei/Zweiwegeventil sowie mit einer Endlagenverriegelung in einer geöffneten Stellung der mit einer Kolbenstange in Verbindung stehenden, nicht dargestellten Rauchabzugsklappe;
- Fig. 8
- einen Querschnitt durch die vierte Variante nach Fig. 7;
- Fig. 9
- die vierte Variante in einer Position, die einer geschlossenen Stellung der Rauchabzugsklappe entspricht, jedoch ohne Thermoventil und sonstiges Drei/Zweiwegeventil;
- Fig. 10
- eine fünfte Variante in einer Position, die einer geschlossenen Stellung der Rauchabszugsklappe entspricht, mit einem Thermoventil sowie einer Endlagenverriegelung einer nicht dargestellten Rauchabzugsklappe;
- Fig. 11
- eine Einzelheit der fünften Variante, nämlich den Kolben in einer Position gemäß Fig. 10;
- Fig. 12
- die Einzelheit gemäß Fig. 11, jedoch in einer Zwischenposition zwischen den Positionen, welche einer geschlossenen bzw. geöffneten Stellung der Rauchabzugsklappe entspricht, und
- Figl 13
- eine sechste Variante ähnlich der fünften Variante gemäß Fig. 10, jedoch mit einem separaten Druckluftspeicher.
Claims (15)
- Druckluftzylinder zur Betätigung eines einstellbaren Elements, insbesondere einer Rauchabzugsklappe in einer Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage, mit einem doppelseitig beaufschlagbaren Kolben (2, 16, 30, 48) mit mindestens einer Arbeitsfläche (6, 31), der in einem Zylinder (1, 24, 29, 45, 72) mit mindestens einer Arbeitskammer (4, 33, 57, 79) durch Druckluft verschiebbar ist, mit einer Kolbenstange (3), die mit dem einstellbaren Element, insbesondere mit der Rauchabzugsklappe, in Verbindung steht, und mit einem Energiespeicher mit Stellmitteln, welcher durch eine Steuereinrichtung in deren erster Funktion gesteuert die Arbeitsfläche beaufschlagt, wobei das einstellbare Element, insbesondere eine Rauchabzugsklappe, betätigt wird bzw. betätigt gehalten wird, insbesondere geöffnet gehalten wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Energiespeicher eine Luft bzw. Druckluft als kompressibles Druckmittel speichernde Speicherkammer vorgesehen ist, die mit einer Kompressionsfläche (7, 18) des Kolbens (2, 16, 30, 48) auf dessen der Arbeitsfläche (6, 31) abgewandten Seite in druckmittelleitender Verbindung steht, und daß die Steuereinrichtung in deren zweiter Funtion ein mit der Arbeitskammer (4, 33, 57, 79) in druckleitender Verbindung stehendes Entlüftungsventil betätigt. - Druckluftzylinder nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speicherkammer vollständig durch einen im wesentlichen abgeschlossenen Zylinderraum (5) gebildet ist, der in dem Zylinder (1, 29, 45) von der Arbeitskammer (4, 33) durch den Kolben (2, 16, 32, 48) abgeteilt ist. - Druckluftzylinder nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speicherkammer allenfalls zum Teil durch den Zylinderraum (25) gebildet ist, der in dem Zylinder (24, 72) von der Arbeitskammer (4) durch den Kolben (16, 48) abgeteilt ist, und daß mit diesem Zylinderraum (25) eine Teilspeicherkammer über einen Strömungsweg (Bohrung 27) in Verbindung steht. - Druckluftzylinder nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Teilspeicherkammer eine Ringkammer (26) um den Zylinder (24) angeordnet ist. - Druckluftzylinder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Anschlag (8, 22, 64) vorgesehen ist, der die Verschiebbarkeit des Kolbens in den Zylinderraum (5, 25, 68) begrenzt, der von der Arbeitskammer abgeteilt ist. - Druckluftzylinder nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anschlag (8, 22, 64) an dem von der Arbeitskammer (4) abgeteilten Zylinderraum (5, 25, 68) angeordnet ist. - Druckluftzylinder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Arbeitskammer (4, 57) und der von ihm abgeteilte Zylinderraum (5, 25, 68) über einen Strömungsweg in Verbindung stehen, in dem ein mechanisch selbsttätig gesteuerter Differenzdruckbegrenzer angeordnet ist. - Druckluftzylinder nach den Ansprüchen 6 und 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Kolben (16, 48) ein durch den Anschlag in dem Zylinderraum betätigbarer erster Ventilschieber (17, 51) sowie ein Rückschlagventil (20) als Differenzdruckbegrenzer dergestalt angeordnet sind, daß ein Strömungsweg in dem Kolben (16, 48) zwischen dem Zylinderraum und der Arbeitskammer geöffnet wird, wenn der Ventilschieber an den Anschlag anstößt und ein Differenzdruck zwischen der Arbeitskammer und dem Zylinderraum einen an dem Rückschlagventil voreingestellten Wert erreicht. - Druckluftzylinder nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rückschlagventil als zweiter Ventilschieber (50) ausgebildet ist und daß der zweite Ventilschieber (50) sowie der erste Ventilschieber (51) mit einem von diesem abstehenden Stößel (63) koaxial hintereinander in einer gemeinsamen Bohrung (49) in dem Kolben (48) gelagert sind, in deren einem Ende ein Einsatz (55) eingesetzt ist, und daß der erste Ventilschieber (51) und der zweite Ventilschieber (50) durch eine zwischen ihnen angeordnete Druckfeder nach außen gegen abdichtende Flächen (54) gedrückt werden. - Druckluftzylinder nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Ventilschieber (51) und der zweite Ventilschieber (50) als Gummiformteile mit auf ihrer äußeren Stirnseite ringförmig ausgeformten Dichtungswulst (52, 53) gebildet sind. - Druckluftzylinder, der insbesondere mit einer Rauchabzugsklappe dergestalt in Verbindung steht, daß bei deren Öffnen über einen konstruktiv vorgegebenen Öffnungswinkel der Kolben des Druckluftzylinders durch die Rauchabzugsklappe in Richtung auf die Arbeitskammer bewegt wird, nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckmittelnachfülleinrichtung als Druckmittelnachsaugeinrichtung in Form eines Überdruckventils (10) vorzugsweise in einem Zylinderboden (9) oder einer Zylinderwand ausgebildet ist, über welches der von der Arbeitskammer (4) abgeteilte Zylinderraum (5) mit der Außenatmosphäre in Verbindung steht. - Druckluftzylinder nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der von der Arbeitskammer (4) abgeteilte Zylinderraum (5, 25, 68, 78) über ein vorzugsweise in einem Zylinderboden (9, 65, 75) oder einer Zylinderwand angeordnetes Überdruckbegrenzungsventil (12, 66) mit der Außenatmosphäre in Verbindung steht. - Druckluftzylinder nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Kolbenstange (32, 64, 80) mit mindestens einer Endlagenverriegelung (35) in der durch den Druck in der Speicherkammer bei entlüfteter Arbeitskammer (33, 57, 79) herausgefahrenen Stellung verriegelbar ist. - Druckluftzylinder nach Anspruch 13,
gekennzeichnet durch eine beidseitige Endlagenverriegelung der Kolbenstange. - Druckluftzylinder nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speicherkammer mit Luft vorgefüllt ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19617058A DE19617058A1 (de) | 1996-04-29 | 1996-04-29 | Druckluftzylinder zur Betätigung von Rauchabzugsklappen in Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen |
DE19617058 | 1996-04-29 | ||
PCT/EP1997/002140 WO1997041357A1 (de) | 1996-04-29 | 1997-04-25 | Druckluftzylinder, insbesondere zur betätigung von rauchabzugsklappen in rauch- und wärmeabzugsanlagen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0894200A1 EP0894200A1 (de) | 1999-02-03 |
EP0894200B1 true EP0894200B1 (de) | 2002-06-26 |
Family
ID=7792754
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97921772A Expired - Lifetime EP0894200B1 (de) | 1996-04-29 | 1997-04-25 | Druckluftzylinder, insbesondere zur betätigung von rauchabzugsklappen in rauch- und wärmeabzugsanlagen |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0894200B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4026855B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE219820T1 (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ296160B6 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19617058A1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL183929B1 (de) |
SI (1) | SI9720033A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997041357A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19716564A1 (de) * | 1997-04-19 | 1998-10-22 | Technomatik Maschinenelemente | Druckluftzylinder |
DE10049631C2 (de) * | 2000-10-05 | 2002-11-28 | Andreas Grasl | Pneumatikzylinder mit thermisch auslösbarer Verriegelung |
SE534574C2 (sv) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-10-11 | Scania Cv Ab | Arrangemang samt förfarande för styrning av en kolvrörelse |
KR101975276B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-05-07 | 윤성호 | 로킹 유압 실린더 |
CN113906827A (zh) * | 2019-05-24 | 2022-01-07 | 赛默凯维X射线股份有限公司 | 用于x射线设备的压力调节器 |
CN112854943A (zh) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 宁波亚基科技有限公司 | 用于控制可开合机构进行开合的装置 |
CN112841724B (zh) * | 2021-01-18 | 2023-06-20 | 新火智造(深圳)有限公司 | 一体成型加热不燃烧发烟制品 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1962246A1 (de) * | 1969-12-11 | 1971-06-16 | Friedrich Mayer | Druck-Hubzylinder mit Energiespeicherung |
DE3030104A1 (de) * | 1980-08-08 | 1982-03-11 | Knorr-Bremse GmbH, 8000 München | Pneumatischer stellzylinder |
DE8223710U1 (de) * | 1982-08-21 | 1982-11-25 | Schmidt, Dieter, 2875 Ganderkesee | Vorrichtung zum oeffnen und schliessen einer tuer, insbesondere einer feuertuer |
SE461419B (sv) * | 1988-03-15 | 1990-02-12 | Parator Ab | Anordning vid en kolv i ett boggilyft |
US5090296A (en) * | 1991-01-09 | 1992-02-25 | Todd Motion Controls Inc. | Piston assembly and method |
-
1996
- 1996-04-29 DE DE19617058A patent/DE19617058A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-04-25 EP EP97921772A patent/EP0894200B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-25 CZ CZ0345498A patent/CZ296160B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-25 PL PL97329729A patent/PL183929B1/pl unknown
- 1997-04-25 DE DE59707600T patent/DE59707600D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-25 AT AT97921772T patent/ATE219820T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-25 JP JP51014798A patent/JP4026855B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-25 SI SI9720033A patent/SI9720033A/sl unknown
- 1997-04-25 WO PCT/EP1997/002140 patent/WO1997041357A1/de active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997041357A1 (de) | 1997-11-06 |
EP0894200A1 (de) | 1999-02-03 |
CZ296160B6 (cs) | 2006-01-11 |
DE59707600D1 (de) | 2002-08-01 |
SI9720033A (sl) | 1999-04-30 |
DE19617058A1 (de) | 1997-10-30 |
ATE219820T1 (de) | 2002-07-15 |
PL183929B1 (pl) | 2002-08-30 |
JP4026855B2 (ja) | 2007-12-26 |
PL329729A1 (en) | 1999-04-12 |
CZ345498A3 (cs) | 1999-02-17 |
JP2001511233A (ja) | 2001-08-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE3942348C2 (de) | ||
DE112005001473B4 (de) | Entsterrbares Rückschlagventil | |
DE3806051A1 (de) | Gasdruckfeder | |
DE3828699A1 (de) | Verfahren zur oelauffuellung eines hydro-pneumatischen druckuebersetzers und einrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens | |
WO2013117604A1 (de) | Kombinierter betriebs- und feststellbremszylinder mit zusammen mit dem feststellbremskolben verriegelbarer membrane | |
EP1729051B1 (de) | Vereinfachte Kupplung für Atemschutzgeräte | |
EP0894200B1 (de) | Druckluftzylinder, insbesondere zur betätigung von rauchabzugsklappen in rauch- und wärmeabzugsanlagen | |
DE4212079C2 (de) | Fluidendruckfeder und Konstruktion mit einer solchen Fluidendruckfeder | |
DE2152809A1 (de) | Pneumatischer oder hydraulischer Stellzylinder mit einer Einrichtung zur mechanischen Verriegelung seines Stellkolbens | |
DE4012481C2 (de) | Ventilvorrichtung mit einem hydraulisch entsperrbaren Rückschlagventil für hydraulische Systeme des Bergbaus, wie vor allem für hydraulische Ausbausysteme | |
EP0579919A1 (de) | Pneumatischer Linearantrieb mit Endlagenverriegelung | |
DE2933878C2 (de) | Bremskraftregler für ein hydraulisches Motorrad-Bremssystem | |
EP0363575B1 (de) | Druckluftzylinder mit Endlageverriegelung, insbesondere zur Betätigung von Rauchabzugsklappen | |
EP0051201A1 (de) | Kupplung für Hydrauliksysteme | |
DE4042154C2 (de) | Druckbetriebener Kraftschrauber | |
DE10049631C2 (de) | Pneumatikzylinder mit thermisch auslösbarer Verriegelung | |
DE3607063C2 (de) | ||
DE3143040A1 (de) | Einrichtung zum arretieren eines druckmittelbetaetigten doppeltwirkenden kolbenzylinderantriebes | |
DE2645471C2 (de) | Kraftverstärker für Hydraulikanlagen, insbesondere Bremsanlagen | |
DE2524780C3 (de) | Überwachungs- und Sicherheitseinrichtung für eine zweihandbetätigte Steuereinrichtung | |
DE1236551B (de) | Beschleuniger fuer Druckluftbremsen von Schienenfahrzeugen | |
EP0842075B1 (de) | Steuereinrichtung für eine druckluftbremse | |
DE19935628A1 (de) | Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit mit einem Betriebsteil und einem Federspeicherteil | |
DE4325257C1 (de) | Druckmedium betätigbarer Kraftverstärker | |
DE3433691A1 (de) | Gasfederung fuer fahrzeuge, insbesondere fuer schienenfahrzeuge |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19981117 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010725 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020626 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020626 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 219820 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20020715 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20020703 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: GERMAN |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59707600 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20020801 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: A. BRAUN, BRAUN, HERITIER, ESCHMANN AG PATENTANWAE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020926 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020926 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020926 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20021220 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030425 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030425 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030430 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030430 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030430 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030430 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20030327 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *GRASL ANDREAS Effective date: 20030430 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20100324 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20100428 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20100422 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20100419 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20100428 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20100421 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 59707600 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 59707600 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: V1 Effective date: 20111101 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20110425 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 219820 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20110425 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20111230 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20111101 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20110502 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20110425 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20110425 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20110425 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20111031 |