EP0891829A1 - Schiebeverschluss für einen Metallschmelze enthaltenden Behälter - Google Patents
Schiebeverschluss für einen Metallschmelze enthaltenden Behälter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0891829A1 EP0891829A1 EP98112942A EP98112942A EP0891829A1 EP 0891829 A1 EP0891829 A1 EP 0891829A1 EP 98112942 A EP98112942 A EP 98112942A EP 98112942 A EP98112942 A EP 98112942A EP 0891829 A1 EP0891829 A1 EP 0891829A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cover
- sliding closure
- housing
- lid
- closure according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/28—Plates therefor
- B22D41/34—Supporting, fixing or centering means therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/24—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings characterised by a rectilinearly movable plate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/40—Means for pressing the plates together
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sliding closure according to the preamble of Claim 1.
- a generic device in a generic device according to EP-B1-0 441 927 includes a slide lock, which is a fire-resistant top plate, a lid holding this, a fireproof slide plate and one has fixed refractory base plate.
- a slide lock which is a fire-resistant top plate, a lid holding this, a fireproof slide plate and one has fixed refractory base plate.
- the fireproof top plate receiving cover causes a pressure via a tensioning element this top plate to the slide plate.
- This lid is from one Screw as a locking means against moving in the direction of movement Slider plate fixed.
- the disadvantage here is that the screws solve the usually oscillating back and forth of the slide plate can, because this slide plate vibrates like a vibration created the lid.
- the lid cannot move vertically adjust in order to prevent thermal expansion occurring transversely to the direction of displacement or to compensate for other shifts.
- the present invention was based on the object a sliding closure according to the type mentioned above to further develop that with a simple design, on the one hand, it is reliable Blocking of the cover in the direction of displacement of the slide plate and on the other hand perpendicular to it an at least limited adjustability is guaranteed.
- the object is according to the characterizing part of claim 1 solved.
- the cover is in the Operation fixed at all times and not limited to one mounting position.
- the cover is perpendicular to the direction of adjustment of the slide plate meanwhile not rigidly attached and it is therefore capable of thermal expansion compensate.
- a sliding closure with a pouring tube changing device on the top of the Housing arranged cover pivotally mounted on this housing and Clamping elements for pressing the closure plates against one another are in particular arranged in pairs on both sides of the lid and as on the housing swiveling clamping screws.
- FIG. 1 shows a sliding closure 10, which is indicated at the bottom of the spout illustrated container 14 is mounted, wherein it in the case of the container, preferably around a distributor vessel of a continuous caster acts.
- a Pouring tube changing device 40 is provided, which is a refractory pouring tube 42 holds that protrudes in particular in a continuous casting mold and a hidden one Pour the molten metal from the distribution vessel into this mold enables.
- the sliding closure 10 has a housing which can be fastened to the container 14 12, which for this purpose on the top protruding bearing surfaces 16 has, which rest on the outer steel jacket of the container 14.
- in the Housing 12 are an upper and a lower fixed refractory closure plate 22, 24 and one between them by a not shown Drive reciprocally movable slide plate 23 added.
- the fixed closure plates 22, 24 are via fastening means 26 fixed in a cover 15 or in the housing 12, meanwhile, the slide plate 23 fastened in a metal frame 27 coupled to the drive is.
- These refractory plates 22, 23, 24 each have a through opening 18, through the molten metal in the open position shown is poured out of the container 12. By a longitudinal movement this slide plate 23, the outlet can be throttled or closed.
- This plate also serves in particular as an actuator for a regulated Pour the amount of melt out of the container 12.
- This pouring tube 42 can be vertical shifted to the image plane via a drive, not shown and be replaced by a new pouring tube.
- the Cover 15 is provided, which can be removed from the housing, when the slide closure 10 is removed from the container. This can after opening this cover 15, the refractory closing plates 22, 23, 24 to be replaced. This provision of the cover 15 on the top of the housing conditioned that the slide lock 10 with each change these plates are removed from the container.
- a locking means 20 for blocking the cover 15 provided, which is designed such that it is in operation when a position change of the cover 15 in the direction of displacement of the slide plate 23 automatically locked so that the lid is always blocked, but this one Locking means 20 an occurring adjustment of the lid 15 perpendicular to Allows displacement direction.
- the locking means 20 has two on the housing 12 by one Axis of rotation 25A mounted pivot pin 25, which on the outer jacket 25 'are formed spirally and with the lid point or preferably are in line contact. They are held on an axis 29, attached to the at least one laterally projecting pivot lever 21 is, which in the locked state a remote from the lid 15, approximately occupies a horizontal position.
- the one from the axis of rotation 25A to the outer jacket 25 'formed radius increased at the respective pivot pin 25 in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the pivot lever 21 when locking. This will make the Swivel pin 21 on the lid 15 by its own weight Swivel lever 21 generated.
- the pivot pin is also cylindrical and eccentric be mounted on the axis 29.
- this pivot lever 21 is formed with such a length that he is in the attached state of the slide closure 10 on the container 14 can not be in this open position 21 ', but automatically in releases the locking position.
- a holder 35 on the opposite one Arranged side to the locking means 20 for the drive, not shown.
- This Bracket 35 can be pivoted away laterally on the housing via a hinge 36 12 stored.
- Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is another very advantageous embodiment of the sliding closure 10 according to the invention the upper refractory closure plate 22 receiving cover 15 pivotally mounted on the housing 12 and the clamping elements are in particular on both sides in pairs Cover 15 arranged and as pivotable on the housing 12 clamping screws 33 trained.
- the latter are laterally in a recess in the cover 15 can be swiveled in and after tightening they apply tension the closing plates.
- the cover 15 is expediently on the side Pivot 39 of the housing 12 and its pivot axis 15A aligned in the same direction as the direction of displacement of the slide plate 23. This allows this rectangular lid to be narrow Side can be swung open.
- On the opposite side is on the lid 15 further provided a handle 34, by means of which the lid can be opened easily.
- the clamping screws 33 are in the area of the housing 12 mounted, which is open at the bottom and through the elongated recess 45 is formed in the pouring tube changing device, through which the pouring tube 42 with its upper plate-shaped end is feasible.
- This clamping screws 33 can thus easily into the housing 12 can be installed or replaced.
- the elongated recess 45 is therefore transverse to the direction of displacement of the slide plate 23 educated.
- Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show a slide closure 50, the structure corresponds to that of Figure 1 and therefore only in the different Details are explained. As a key differentiator the pouring tube changer is missing.
- the lid 55 is accordingly on the Arranged underside of the housing 52 and its pivot axis 55A extends transverse to the direction of displacement of the slide plate 23.
- this sliding closure 50 is again a locking means 60 is provided, by means of which the cover 55 can be blocked.
- This Locking means 60 is in this case fastened with two to an axis 55A Provide pivot pin 65, which in the same way as those after Fig.1 act on the cover 55.
- the axis 55A is on two bearing eyes 52 'of the housing 52 is rotatably held and has a corresponding end Swivel lever 61, which in the locked state - as shown - approximately occupies a horizontal position.
- the pivotable cover 55 on the same axis 55A as the locking means 60 held.
- the cover 55 has a bearing bush 55 'at the end, through which this axis 55A extends with play.
- Steering lever 66 is provided, by means of which the cover 55 in the shown Operating state perpendicular to its longitudinal extent for the compensation of Can adjust thermal expansion or the like. This is an effective one Means for a secure locking of the cover during operation been created.
- the invention is based on the two exemplary embodiments explained above adequately demonstrated. Of course, the invention could be constructed run differently.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig.1
- einen Längsschnitt eines erfindungsgemässen Schiebeverschlusses mit einer Giessrohrwechselvorrichtung,
- Fig.2
- eine Ansicht auf den Schiebeverschluss nach Pfeil II gemäss Fig.1,
- Fig.3
- einen Querschnitt des Schiebeverschlusses entlang den Linien III - III nach Fig.2,
- Fig.4
- einen Längsschnitt einer Variante eines erfindungsgemässen Schiebeverschlusses, bei dem der Deckel auf der Unterseite angeordnet ist, und
- Fig.5
- eine Ansicht von unten (Siehe Pfeil V in Fig.4) auf den Schiebeverschluss nach Fig.4.
Claims (12)
- Schiebeverschluss für einen Metallschmelze enthaltenden Behälter, mit einem Gehäuse (12, 52) und einem an diesem schwenkbar gelagerten, eine feuerfeste Verschlussplatte (22, 24) aufnehmenden Deckel (15, 55), der von Spannelementen an eine mit dieser Verschlussplatte (22, 24) in Gleitkontakt stehenden feuerfesten Schieberplatte (23) anpressbar ist, wobei der Deckel (15, 55) von einem Arretiermittel (20, 60) in Verschieberichtung der hin- und herbewegbaren Schieberplatte (23) blockiert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Arretiermittel (20, 60) derart ausgebildet ist, dass es bei einer Positionsänderung des Deckels (15, 55) in Verschieberichtung der Schieberplatte (23) selbsttätig nacharretiert, damit der Deckel stets blockiert ist, dass das Arretiermittel (20, 60) indessen eine senkrecht zur Verschieberichtung auftretende Verstellung des Deckels zulässt. - Schiebeverschluss nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Arretiermittel (20, 60) mindestens einen am Gehäuse (12, 52) drehgelagerten Schwenkzapfen (25, 65) aufweist, welcher an seinem Aussenmantel (25, 65) zumindest teilweise spiralförmig oder exzentrisch mit bezug auf seine Drehachse (25A) ausgebildet ist und mit dem Deckel (15, 55) punkt- oder linienförmig in Kontakt steht.
- Schiebeverschluss nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwenkzapfen (25, 65) mit mindestens einem seitlich wegragenden Schwenkhebel (21, 61) versehen ist, der in arretiertem Zustand eine vom Deckel (15, 55) abgekehrte, annähernd horizontale Lage einnimmt und durch sein Eigengewicht die selbsttätige Verspannwirkung des Schwenkzapfens (25, 65) auf den Deckel (15, 55) erzeugt.
- Schiebeverschluss nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwenkhebel (21, 61) mit einer solchen Länge ausgebildet ist, dass er im angebauten Zustand des Schiebeverschlusses (10, 50) an den Behälter (14) nicht in dieser gelösten, nach oben geschwenkten Öffnungsstellung (21') sein kann, sondern sich selbsttätig in die annähernd horizontale Arretierstellung begibt.
- Schiebeverschluss nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der von der Drehachse (25A) zum Aussenmantel (25') gebildete Radius beim jeweiligen Schwenkzapfen (25) in entgegengesetzter Richtung zur Arretier-Drehrichtung des Schwenkhebels (21) vergrössert.
- Schiebeverschluss nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Deckel (55) auf der Unterseite des Gehäuses (52) angeordnet ist und seine Schwenkachse quer zur Verschieberichtung der Schieberplatte (23) verläuft.
- Schiebeverschluss nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwenkachse des Deckels (55) durch die Achse (55A) des Arretiermittels (60) gebildet ist.
- Schiebeverschluss vorzugsweise nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 5, mit einem Gehäuse (12) und einem an diesem auf der Oberseite schwenkbar gelagerten Deckel (15) mit einer in ihm aufnehmbaren feuerfesten Verschlussplatte (22), welche von Spannelementen an eine mit dieser Verschlussplatte in Gleitkontakt stehenden feuerfesten hin- und herbewegbaren Schieberplatte (23) anpressbar ist, mit einer Giessrohrwechselvorrichtung (40) zur Aufnahme eines auswechselbaren feuerfesten Giessrohres (42) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der die obere Verschlussplatte (22) aufnehmende Deckel (15) schwenkbar am Gehäuse (12) gelagert ist und die Spannelemente insbesondere paarweise beidseitig zum Deckel (15) angeordnet und als am Gehäuse (12) schwenkbare Spannschrauben (33) ausgebildet sind.
- Schiebeverschluss nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die schwenkbaren Spannschrauben (33) jeweils seitlich in eine Ausnehmung des Deckels (15) einschwenkbar sind und nach dem Festziehen eine Verspannung auf die Verschlussplatten (22, 23, 24) ausüben.
- Schiebeverschluss nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwenkachse (15A) des Deckels (15) in gleicher Richtung wie die Verschieberichtung der Schieberplatte (23) verläuft, hierdurch der rechteckförmige Deckel (15) um seine schmale Seite aufschwenkbar ist.
- Schiebeverschluss nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannschrauben (33) in dem Bereich des Gehäuses (12) gelagert sind, der nach unten hin offen ist und durch die längliche Ausnehmung (45) in der Giessrohrwechselvorrichtung (40) gebildet ist, durch welche das Giessrohr (42) mit seinem oberen plattenförmigen Ende durchführbar ist.
- Schiebeverschluss nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die längliche Ausnehmung (45) quer zur Verschieberichtung der Schieberplatte (23) ausgebildet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1739/97 | 1997-07-16 | ||
CH173997 | 1997-07-16 | ||
CH173997 | 1997-07-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0891829A1 true EP0891829A1 (de) | 1999-01-20 |
EP0891829B1 EP0891829B1 (de) | 2003-03-26 |
Family
ID=4217451
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98112942A Expired - Lifetime EP0891829B1 (de) | 1997-07-16 | 1998-07-13 | Schiebeverschluss für einen Metallschmelze enthaltenden Behälter |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5961873A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0891829B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH11129064A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1095410C (de) |
CA (1) | CA2242501C (de) |
DE (1) | DE59807619D1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW369448B (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA986246B (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009080257A1 (de) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-02 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh & Co | Vorrichtung zum auswechselbaren anschliessen eines giessrohres an einen ausguss eines schmelzenbehälters |
WO2010037489A1 (de) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-08 | Stopinc Aktiengesellschaft | Schiebeverschluss für metallurgische gefässe sowie dazugehörige ausgusshülse |
WO2011085787A1 (de) | 2009-12-21 | 2011-07-21 | Stopinc Aktiengesellschaft | Schiebeverschluss für einen metallurgischen behälter |
EP3587002A1 (de) | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-01 | Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Schiebeverschluss für ein metallurgisches gefäss, vorzugsweise ein verteilergefäss für eine stranggiessanlage |
EP3851225A1 (de) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-21 | Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Schiebeverschluss für ein metallurgisches gefäss |
EP3943212A1 (de) | 2020-07-21 | 2022-01-26 | Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Schiebeverschluss am ausguss eines metallurgischen behälters |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI120385B (fi) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-10-15 | Indref Oy | Sulkumekanismi sulan metallin annostelemiseksi ja menetelmä sulkumekanismin valmistamiseksi |
PL2173506T3 (pl) * | 2007-07-16 | 2011-10-31 | Stopinc Ag | Zasuwa do kadzi odlewniczej zawierającej płynny metal |
TWI440789B (zh) | 2010-12-24 | 2014-06-11 | Delta Electronics Inc | 滑動式閥門裝置 |
CN104384467B (zh) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-10-05 | 江苏嘉德重工有限公司 | 一种连铸机用闸门 |
CN106681067B (zh) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-01-22 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 显示装置 |
CN106903297B (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-10-16 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | 一种浇注底盘 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4921148A (en) * | 1985-01-12 | 1990-05-01 | Stoping Aktiengesellschaft | Adjustable housing assembly for sliding closure unit |
EP0441927A1 (de) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-08-21 | Int Ind Engieering S A | Abdichtungsfähige giessanordung für einen metallurgischen behälter. |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0335481Y2 (de) * | 1984-09-11 | 1991-07-26 | ||
DE4006894A1 (de) * | 1990-03-05 | 1991-09-12 | Cerafer Sarl | Schieberverschluss fuer metallurgische gefaesse, insbesondere giesspfannen |
EP0578680B1 (de) * | 1991-04-06 | 1995-12-20 | Technometal Gesellschaft Für Metalltechnologie Mbh | SCHIEBERVERSCHLUSS FüR SCHMELZEGEFÄSSE |
ZA975908B (en) * | 1996-07-18 | 1998-03-30 | Stopinc Ag | Sliding gate valve for a vessel containing molten metal. |
-
1998
- 1998-07-06 TW TW087110891A patent/TW369448B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-06 CA CA002242501A patent/CA2242501C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-06 JP JP10225095A patent/JPH11129064A/ja active Pending
- 1998-07-13 EP EP98112942A patent/EP0891829B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-13 DE DE59807619T patent/DE59807619D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-14 ZA ZA986246A patent/ZA986246B/xx unknown
- 1998-07-15 CN CN98116065A patent/CN1095410C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-16 US US09/116,223 patent/US5961873A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4921148A (en) * | 1985-01-12 | 1990-05-01 | Stoping Aktiengesellschaft | Adjustable housing assembly for sliding closure unit |
EP0441927A1 (de) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-08-21 | Int Ind Engieering S A | Abdichtungsfähige giessanordung für einen metallurgischen behälter. |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009080257A1 (de) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-02 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh & Co | Vorrichtung zum auswechselbaren anschliessen eines giessrohres an einen ausguss eines schmelzenbehälters |
US8376196B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2013-02-19 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh | Apparatus for the interchangeable connection of a casting tube to a spout of a melt vessel |
WO2010037489A1 (de) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-08 | Stopinc Aktiengesellschaft | Schiebeverschluss für metallurgische gefässe sowie dazugehörige ausgusshülse |
WO2011085787A1 (de) | 2009-12-21 | 2011-07-21 | Stopinc Aktiengesellschaft | Schiebeverschluss für einen metallurgischen behälter |
CN102834205A (zh) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-12-19 | 斯托品克股份公司 | 用于冶金容器的滑动水口 |
CN102834205B (zh) * | 2009-12-21 | 2016-07-06 | 斯托品克股份公司 | 用于冶金容器的滑动水口 |
EP3587002A1 (de) | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-01 | Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Schiebeverschluss für ein metallurgisches gefäss, vorzugsweise ein verteilergefäss für eine stranggiessanlage |
WO2020001825A1 (de) | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-02 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schiebeverschluss für ein metallurgisches gefäss, vorzugsweise ein verteilergefäss für eine stranggiessanlage |
EP3851225A1 (de) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-21 | Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Schiebeverschluss für ein metallurgisches gefäss |
WO2021144088A1 (de) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-22 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schiebeverschluss für ein metallurgisches gefäss |
EP3943212A1 (de) | 2020-07-21 | 2022-01-26 | Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Schiebeverschluss am ausguss eines metallurgischen behälters |
WO2022017673A1 (de) | 2020-07-21 | 2022-01-27 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schiebeverschluss am ausguss eines metallurgischen behälters |
US12103070B2 (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2024-10-01 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Slide gate on the spout of a metallurgical vessel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1208675A (zh) | 1999-02-24 |
DE59807619D1 (de) | 2003-04-30 |
EP0891829B1 (de) | 2003-03-26 |
ZA986246B (en) | 1999-02-05 |
US5961873A (en) | 1999-10-05 |
TW369448B (en) | 1999-09-11 |
CN1095410C (zh) | 2002-12-04 |
CA2242501A1 (en) | 1999-01-16 |
JPH11129064A (ja) | 1999-05-18 |
CA2242501C (en) | 2009-06-16 |
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