EP0890397A1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen von Blechen, Profilen und/oder Mehrblechverbindungen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen von Blechen, Profilen und/oder Mehrblechverbindungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0890397A1 EP0890397A1 EP98112439A EP98112439A EP0890397A1 EP 0890397 A1 EP0890397 A1 EP 0890397A1 EP 98112439 A EP98112439 A EP 98112439A EP 98112439 A EP98112439 A EP 98112439A EP 0890397 A1 EP0890397 A1 EP 0890397A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- joining
- tools
- tool
- parts
- excited
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
- B21D39/031—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
- B21J15/12—Riveting machines with tools or tool parts having a movement additional to the feed movement, e.g. spin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
- Y10T29/49778—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating with aligning, guiding, or instruction
- Y10T29/4978—Assisting assembly or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49936—Surface interlocking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53004—Means to assemble or disassemble with means to regulate operation by use of templet, tape, card or other replaceable information supply
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53039—Means to assemble or disassemble with control means energized in response to activator stimulated by condition sensor
- Y10T29/53061—Responsive to work or work-related machine element
- Y10T29/53065—Responsive to work or work-related machine element with means to fasten by deformation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53535—Means to assemble or disassemble including means to vibrate work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53796—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator
- Y10T29/53839—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator having percussion or explosive operator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53909—Means comprising hand manipulatable tool
- Y10T29/5393—Means comprising impact receiving tool
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53909—Means comprising hand manipulatable tool
- Y10T29/5393—Means comprising impact receiving tool
- Y10T29/53935—C-frame
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53996—Means to assemble or disassemble by deforming
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for mechanical joining of superimposed sheets, profiles and / or multi-sheet connections, whereby joining tools to be moved with force means to the parts to be joined and by the force of the Joining tools a joint connection is made between the parts to be joined.
- DE 197 18 576 describes a device and a method for mechanical joining techniques described.
- Figures 4 and 5 is a typical force / displacement diagram for the Working movement of the stamp shown.
- DE 197 18 576 only teaches individual or several working elements for establishing a mechanical joint connection in their movement and / or to control or regulate power without, however, addressing the fundamental problem of Reduce the high forces to create a mechanical joint connection.
- the required forming energy applied by hydraulic cylinders in a single quasi-continuous stroke establish the respective joint connection. This document does not contain any references to which way through lower joining forces the method and the device for production of joint connections can be improved.
- an apparatus and a Process for mechanical joining to create which lower reaction forces during manufacture the mechanical joint connection and a correspondingly lighter design and manageability of the joining tools.
- the object is achieved by the required according to the inventive method Forming energy or joining force through several short successive impacts of one Joining tool or pulsating at an excitation frequency in the joint to be made is introduced, the opposite joining tool, the excited joining tool and / or the parts to be joined are mounted elastically and the natural frequency of the opposite one Joining tool, the excited joining tool and / or the joining parts is lower than that Excitation frequency.
- the device according to the invention has at least one impact mechanism which is used for Establishing a mechanical joint for a short time several consecutive joints or applies a pulsating force to one of the joining tools, the opposite one Joining tool, the excited joining tool and / or the joining parts are elastically supported and the excitation frequency with which the joining tool can be excited is higher than the natural frequency of the opposite joining tool, the excited joining tool and / or the joining parts.
- Joining tools come primarily as single or multi-part punches and dies and secondarily as well Scraper and hold-down device into consideration.
- the hold-down forces act statically on the parts to be joined. This static load remains unchanged even if the joining tools are not one working stroke, but several successive ones Impact, and this static load must come from the frame and the one opposite the hold-down to be caught. If an opposing joining tool is soft is stored to be vibration isolated, the static load of the hold-down can be a large Deflection of the vibration-insulated opposing joining tool. Around this caused by the static load deflection and loading of the frame at least reduce, it is proposed to move the hold-down device via coupling means, such as for example, a mechanical drive connection via a drive plate or a hydraulic valve-controlled sequential control, with the movement of the joining tool synchronize. The same applies to wipers.
- coupling means such as for example, a mechanical drive connection via a drive plate or a hydraulic valve-controlled sequential control
- the can by the static forces caused by an active position control on one or two joining tools can be at least partially compensated by this by adjusting means can be moved in a direction opposite to the static deflection.
- the multiple successive strikes of the striking mechanism allow one elastic storage of the opposing joining tool and a large mass and / or soft springs of the opposing joining tool with lower force peaks in the Substructure to work as for the production of the mechanical joint connection required joining force is no longer brought in in a single stroke, but the die Excitation frequency of one that exceeds the natural frequency of the opposing joining tool Joining tool vibration isolation of the elastically mounted opposite Joining tool allowed. It is important to form a vibration system that is optimally matched to the joint to be made. So it is beneficial with one The largest possible mass of the opposing joining tool and one that is as soft as possible Suspension to ensure that this unit has the lowest possible natural frequency, since then at a frequency as high as possible to which the other joining tool the reaction forces are minimized.
- the substructure will This means that it is decoupled in terms of vibration from the joining force and onto the substructure only a fraction of the joining force is applied.
- high-frequency impacts allow the greatest part of the joining force for the plastic deformation the parts of the parts to be joined and any auxiliary parts to be joined how to use rivets.
- the present invention can not only be used if at least two joining tools are involved in the production of the joint, but also if the joining parts have sufficient inherent stability to use only one in a frequency excited joining tool to remain in an acceptable form.
- opposite joining tool as used in the context of this description is also used to be replaced by "component” if an "opposite” Joining tool "is missing. In such cases, it is sufficient to replace the opposite joining tool store the parts to be joined so that their natural frequency is as low as possible.
- vibration isolation can, for example, via the pressure medium Delivery unit can be effected. This is how the gas works in a pneumatic mechanism a spring that provides vibration isolation.
- the vibration isolation also about components with a preferably larger mass such as carrier plates and done with an elastic bearing, which then, for example, the impact unit and / or the Vibration isolating delivery unit.
- the joining force is brought in pulsating.
- pulsesating is too here understand that the force rises and falls in a waveform over a time interval the joint connection is introduced. A static basic load is then maintained receive. The frequency or amplitude of the force wave can be modulated.
- the C-frame of the device is in spite of vibration isolation of the joining tools vibrated to a degree depending on the individual case. He forms with it a coupled vibration system together with the vibrating tools or components.
- the frame must be viewed as a continuum in terms of vibration and therefore points theoretically an infinite number of natural frequencies.
- the frame of the device is to be used in its Vibration behavior can be influenced. This can be done, for example, via additional displaceable masses or variably usable and / or adjustable stiffeners can be achieved.
- the C-frame constructions become lighter and the forming technology Joining processes become more flexible through the procedure according to the invention. It is even possible to use the device according to the invention or the method in hand tools integrate which, with correspondingly low investment costs, mechanical joining a lot broader application options right down to the workshop and hobbyist area enable.
- the device and method according to the invention appear to be applicable for almost all punctiform forming techniques.
- the invention can also be implemented accordingly in a device that does not have a common one Has frame and in which the plunger and the die each in a separate Bracket are guided.
- punch nuts and bolts as self-punching functional parts do not require any Pre-punch the connection point and thus save a manufacturing step.
- the one-step Using a punch nut, the molded part to be joined is pressed simultaneously with the punch nut Tool positioned.
- the connecting element punched through the sheet metal part and produced in Interaction with the die a positive connection with the material of the Sheet metal part. Material flows into an annular groove.
- a punch bolt is used in a similar single-stage process assembled. The two-stage assembly process forces forming of the connecting element and the sheet metal part.
- the sheet metal part is placed over a The die is positioned and preformed by the punching and riveting section of the connecting element, cut and cut.
- the punching and riveting section presses against a cutting and Roll stamp of the die and is rolled up, thereby expanding.
- continuation of the Assembly method includes the rolled end of the punch and rivet section the edge of the hole Sheet metal part completely and creates a closed, circumferential, U-shaped hook with this.
- the rivet head is then leveled.
- control and / or regulating electronics with associated Sensors or actuators can, for example, the natural frequency of the opposing joining tool and / or the parts to be joined during the joining process by modulating the excitation frequency or determined by a test pulse that precedes the actual joining process become.
- the frequency query can be done for each individual joining process, but also on a random basis respectively.
- the frequency query can be used to check the quality of the parts to be joined, since Frequency deviations indicate errors in the parts to be joined.
- It can also Control and / or regulation electronics the respective joining process with an integrated Monitor the test program, evaluate and / or save the characteristic values and thus an element of a production-integrated quality inspection system of manufacture.
- control and / or Control electronics recognizes the natural frequency, it can be stored on characteristic values access that allow by changing the excitation frequency and / or other for to influence the joining process of relevant parameters positively in the desired manner. It is also conceivable for a robot to have parts to be joined with several mechanical joining points to attach to each other to let a program run, with different in the program Parameters of the individual joining points are saved and automatically implemented become. For example, different sheet thicknesses, frequencies, travel distances, speeds, strength, number and elasticity values of the bearings for each individual joining point be individually controlled and / or regulated. For simple control only the field and / or delivery parameters can be evaluated.
- the joining force towards the end of the joining process towards an impulsive one Increase impact, for example, a rivet or the joint surface to smooth out.
- the tools need for the forces that occur during a pulse-like impact such as C-frame tongs cannot be designed for static loads because the Force peaks can be rebounded. The tools can remain light in this way.
- the proposed device and the method also allow high manufacturing flexibility, because in an electronic control system successively completely different Joining parts can be fastened together if only the work program in the command memory the electronic control and / or regulating device are loaded.
- At least one of the joining tools and / or a hold-down designed as an electromagnet is at least one of the joining tools and / or a hold-down designed as an electromagnet.
- one of the Joining tools or a hold-down made of a material with ferromagnetic properties exist, then an electromagnet arranged in the area of the device on this acts.
- the hold-down is designed as a magnet, it can be used when connecting or punching of parts to be joined, at least the lowest of which has ferromagnetic properties, the counter tool is also eliminated with thin and unstable components.
- FIG. 1 the course of a is shown in a force / displacement diagram in a long dashed line 2 Joining force shown above the joining path.
- the illustrated course of the Joining force 2 corresponds to the known prior art.
- the course of the used shows Impact energy that can be measured at the joining point in a large number of individual force peaks are shown by way of example in full lines 4 in FIG. 1 and their number over a given one Depends on the chosen frequency.
- the frequency, the impact strength, the impact speed and or the duration of the impacts within a single or of several independent joining processes can be varied.
- the impact energy in the substructure that can be measured at the joining point measurable force is shown in dashed lines 4a. It is clearly evident that the Forces absorbed in the substructure by vibration isolation of the tools must be much lower than the forces according to the known prior art.
- the joining tools die 52 and ram 54 act on the joining parts 50 Establish a joint connection.
- the die 52 is movable and has a larger size Mass on.
- the plunger 54 works through a corresponding hole or opening in the hold-down device 56 through, the plunger 54 according to the invention a kind of hammering movement executes.
- the hammering motion is generated by a striking mechanism 58 in which the various drives can be accommodated.
- the striking mechanism 58 moves the Ram 54, which preferably has a lower mass, with a high impact frequency and comparatively small impact energies.
- the striking mechanism 58 can be pneumatic like for example in a pneumatic chisel or pneumatic jack, electrically as for example with a crank drive, unbalance motors or electromagnetic, electro-pneumatic as in a hammer drill or servo-hydraulic or other known Wise be driven.
- the striking mechanism 58 may be designed in accordance with the present invention possible small impact energies can be carried out very easily and will during the joining process with only slight contact pressure from the delivery unit 60, which simultaneously also transmit the required hold-down force to the hold-down springs 62.
- the Delivery unit 60 is preferred, but not necessarily at the same time for that Press down the hold-down used.
- a moving base plate 64 with a large Mass and elastic storage must be arranged, which also serves to isolate vibrations.
- other constructive configurations can also be used here vibration isolation can be realized.
- the necessary for this An elastic bearing is not shown in more detail in FIG. 2.
- the die 52 has a much greater mass than the ram 54 and is resiliently mounted by means of the springs 66.
- This suspension can be carried out separately or at Use of a C-frame can also be achieved through a flexible design of the same. If necessary, damping 68 must be provided.
- the suspension can also use a gas respectively.
- a device or method variant could have a synchronized counter-sense Working with die 52 and ram 54 moved in unison to balance the mass will be realized. Also an active adjustment of the movements of the joining tools or the Joined parts would be technically conceivable. Also the required contact pressure of the impact mechanism 58, which could be called quasi-static forces, only achieve low values. she are only insignificantly greater than the forces required for the hold-down device 56.
- An electronic control and / or regulating device 70 is also shown in FIG electrical lines 72 is connected to the actuators 76 a, b or sensors 74.
- the actuators 76 a, b and sensors 74 are only symbolic with their electronic interface shown.
- the electronic control and / or regulating device 70 has at least one Microprocessor equipped, which controls the device via suitable software. So can the control and / or regulating device 70, for example via a sensor 74, the natural frequency of the joining parts 50 are determined by sending an actuating command to the delivery unit 60 and / or the striking mechanism 58 triggers a test pulse as examples of actuators 76 a and measures the natural frequency of the joining parts 50.
- the control and / or regulating device 70 can have its own storage capacities dispose of stored processes, maps or similar or data to store, or the control and / or regulating device 70 exchanges data via a communication interface with other microprocessors.
- the Joining steel materials proposed to form the die 52 as a strong electromagnet which is able to press the sheets to be joined onto the die without any reactive forces.
- FIG. 3 shows a C-frame tongs 100, the C-frame 102 of which is one at the end Bearing unit 104, 106 has.
- An infeed unit 60 is mounted in the storage unit 104 can be actuated with low contact pressures.
- the delivery unit 60 moves a carrier plate 108, to which a striking mechanism 58 is attached, which has a plunger 54 with a small plunger mass and operates at a high frequency.
- Guided around the outside of the striking mechanism 58 is the hold-down spring 62 which applies the contact pressure of the delivery unit 60 to the hold-down device 56 transmits.
- the die 52 with a large mass is on one Support spring 66, which is also made of an elastomeric material, a gas spring or another spring damper system can exist.
- the C-frame tongs 100 can be used with the Devices described sheets 50 by mechanical joining permanently together connect. Because of the very low contact pressures, it is possible to use the C-frame pliers to be used as a hand tool or tool for fast-working robots, but also the upper and lower arms longer than shown in Figure 3 without this inadmissible and no longer controllable or only with disproportionate effort Bending moments and misalignment occur.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 each show a device in which the ram 54 and the die 52 are not held by a common frame 102. Even with the device shown a joint connection can be created reliably.
- a first guide housing 150 the plunger 54, the die 52 is guided in a second guide housing 152.
- figure 4 are laterally on both guide housings 150, 152 magnetic coils 154 for generating a Magnetic field attached.
- the guide housing 150 is active from a positioning unit is controlled in the position in which the plunger 54 is to make a joint connection, it will Guide housing 152 pulled over the connecting magnetic force.
- the positioning unit is indicated in Figure 4 by two laterally attached moving units 156, which consist of one Lift cylinder 158 for height control and a chassis 160 for rolling movement of the Guide housing 150 exist.
- the guide housing 150 To move the guide housing 150 is by extending of the carriage 160, the guide housing 150 from the surface of the joining parts 50 lifted and can be guided by a control, not shown, via the Move parts 50.
- the undercarriage When the new target position is reached, the undercarriage is retracted, and the guide housing rests firmly on the surface of the upper joining part 50.
- the guide housing 152 Through the magnetic force acting through the joining parts 50 between the magnet coils 154 the guide housing 152 is also pulled into the new position.
- the guide housing 152 In order to avoid the occurring Frictional forces between the surface of the lower joining part 50 and the contact surfaces of the It is proposed that the guide housing 152 not become too high, the magnetic force between the magnet coils 154 to reduce them for the next joining process to increase again.
- the magnetic force during the joining process should be so high that it is sufficient to allow a relative movement between the two guide housings 150, 152 prevent.
- this can in each case guide housing 150, 152 located at the top instead of a chassis from the magnetic field of the other guide housing raised and pulled to create friction between the Avoid contact surfaces of the guide housing 150, 152 and the surface of the joining parts 50.
- the magnetic field can be switched from repulsive to attractive.
- the guide can be combined with an air cushion combined with a magnetic field respectively.
- the plunger 54 is also vibration-isolated via a spring 162 stored.
- FIG. 5 shows a simplified embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 4.
- magnetic coils 154 or air cushions is the positioning of the joining tools 52, 54 via portal travel units known per se or industrial robots with a long range.
- portal travel units known per se or industrial robots with a long range.
- the control of the portal traversing units or industrial robots requires more effort are driven because the die 52 and the plunger 54 for an optimal joint connection must be positioned as precisely as possible one above the other.
- ultrasound or the use of magnets in connection can be used with inductive sensors.
- FIG. 6 shows a device in which 150 magnetic coils 154 on the guide housing are arranged, which act on the joining parts 50 with their magnetic force. If at least that lower joining part 50 has ferromagnetic properties, the joining parts 50 and that Stick the guide housing 150 firmly together. In the magnetic connection shown A joining connection can now be made between the joining parts 50 and the guide housing 150 getting produced. Due to the vibration isolation according to the invention, the joining forces are like this low that the magnetic holding forces also hold the joining parts 50 in position when in the course of the joining process, punching operations without prepunching and without counterhold be made.
- the device shown in FIG. 6 can also be used advantageously with thin, unstable components or if the joint is only easily accessible on one side.
- FIG. 7 there is an infeed unit 60 which is arranged in a C frame 102.
- the Delivery unit 60 acts on a carrier plate 108, under which a striking mechanism 58 is arranged is.
- the impacts generated by the striking mechanism 58 are applied to the plunger 54 transfer.
- the hold-down springs 62 hold the hold-down 56 with the one attached to it Plunger acts on the sheets 50.
- the sheets 50 rest on a die 52 which is movable and has a larger mass.
- Both the delivery unit 60 and the Die 52 are held in the C-frame 102 by insulating springs 66a, which in this case are variable are in their spring hardness.
- the insulating springs 66a are assigned insulating dampers 68a, which are also are variable.
- the variation can be, for example, pneumatic or hydrostatic springs and dampers through a different pressure control of the gas cushion cause.
- the variation of the suspension and damping allows both an individual Adaptation of the device to different joining processes and joining parts as well as one Variation of the spring and damping behavior of the device during a joining process.
- the exemplary embodiments explained here are only exemplary and in no way refer to that to understand each embodiment in a limited manner.
- the exemplary embodiments are intended to Specialist to encourage the proposed technical solution elements together advantageous to combine or supplement with additional, known elements. It also does not pose any difficulties for the person skilled in the art for the production of riveted joints described devices and procedures on other types of mechanical joints such as clinching, blind riveting or to adapt without pre-punching or the introduction of functionaries.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- ein Diagramm, das den Verlauf der Fügekraft über dem Fügeweg zum einen nach dem bekannten Stand der Technik, zum anderen beispielhaft für ein Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, wobei einerseits die Kraft am Fügepunkt und andererseits die Kraft in der Unterkonstruktion dargestellt ist,
- Figur 2
- eine Prinzipskizze für eine Vorrichtung zur technischen Realisierung,
- Figur 3
- das Bauprinzip einer C-Rahmenzange mit Schlagmechanismus,
- Figur 4
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung, die keinen gemeinsamen Rahmen aufweist und bei der Haltekräfte durch Magneten bewirkt werden,
- Figur 5
- eine schematische Darstellung wie in Fig. 4, jedoch ohne Magnete,
- Figur 6
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung ohne Matrize.
- Figur 7
- eine C-Rahmenkonstruktion mit variabler Federung und Dämpfung.
Claims (24)
- Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen von aufeinanderliegenden Blechen, Profilen und/oder Mehrblechverbindungen, wobei Fügewerkzeuge mit Kraftmitteln auf die Fügeteile zu bewegt werden und durch die Kraftwirkung der Fügewerkzeuge eine Fügeverbindung zwischen den Fügeteilen hergestellt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die benötigte Fügekraft durch mehrere kurzfristig aufeinanderfolgende Stöße eines Fügewerkzeuges (52, 54) oder pulsierend in einer Erregerfrequenz in die herzustellende Fügeverbindung eingebracht wird, wobei das gegenüberliegende Fügewerkzeug (52, 54), das erregte Fügewerkzeug (52, 54) und/oder die Fügeteile (50) elastisch gelagert sind und die Eigenfrequenz des gegenüberliegenden Fügewerkzeugs (52, 54), des erregten Fügewerkzeugs (52, 54) und/oder der Fügeteile (50) niedriger ist als die Erregerfrequenz. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Verfahren von einer elektronischen Steuer- und/oder Regelungsvorrichtung (70) über geeignete Sensoren (74) überwacht wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Steuer- und/oder Regelungsvorrichtung (70) durch Ausgabe von Stellbefehlen an eine Aktorik (76 a, b) den Fügevorgang steuert und/oder regelt. - Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Fügen von aufeinanderliegenden Blechen, Profilen und/oder Mehrblechverbindungen, bestehend aus einem Rahmen, darin angeordneten Fügewerkzeugen und Kraftmitteln zum Bewegen der Fügewerkzeuge,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vorrichtung Gebrauch macht von einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Verfahrensansprüche. - Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Fügen von aufeinanderliegenden Blechen, Profilen und/oder Mehrblechverbindungen, bestehend aus einem Rahmen, darin angeordneten Fügewerkzeugen und Kraftmitteln zum Bewegen der Fügewerkzeuge,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vorrichtung zumindest einen Schlagmechanismus (58) aufweist, der zur Herstellung einer mechanischen Fügeverbindung kurzzeitig mehrere aufeinanderfolgende Stöße oder eine pulsierende Kraft auf eines der Fügewerkzeuge (52, 54) aufbringen kann, wobei das gegenüberliegende Fügewerkzeug (52, 54), das erregte Fügewerkzeug (52, 54) und/oder die Fügeteile (50) elastisch gelagert sind und die Erregerfrequenz, mit der das Fügewerkzeug (52, 54) erregbar ist, höher ist als die Eigenfrequenz des gegenüberliegenden Fügewerkzeugs (52, 54), des erregten Fügewerkzeugs (52, 54) und/oder der Fügeteile (50). - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß auch die Zustelleinheit (60) und/oder der Schlagmechanismus (58) gegen die Unterkonstruktion schwingungsisoliert sind. - Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Fügen von aufeinanderliegenden Blechen, Profilen und/oder Mehrblechverbindungen, bestehend aus einem Rahmen, darin angeordneten Fügewerkzeugen und Kraftmitteln zum Bewegen der Fügewerkzeuge,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das erregte Fügewerkzeug (52, 54), die Zustelleinheit (60) und/oder der Schlagmechanismus (58) schwingungsisoliert sind. - Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Fügen von aufeinanderliegenden Blechen, Profilen und/oder Mehrblechverbindungen, bestehend aus mindestens einem Führungsgehäuse für die darin angeordneten Fügewerkzeuge und Kraftmitteln zum Bewegen der Fügewerkzeuge,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zumindest eines der Fügewerkzeuge (52, 54) elastisch gelagert ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Führungsgehäuse (150, 152) mit Magnetspulen (154) ausgestattet sind, durch die die Fügeteile (50) und/oder die gegenüberliegenden Magnetspulen (154) und/oder Führungsgehäuse (150, 152) und oder die Fügewerkzeuge (52, 54) anziehbar sind. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 4 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Rahmen der Vorrichtung (102) in seinem Schwingungsverhalten durch variable Zusatzmassen oder variable Aussteifungsmittel beeinflußbar ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 4 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Elastizität der elastischen Lagerung (66, 68) mittels manueller, motorischer oder sonstiger Stellmittel veränderbar ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 4 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Bewegung eines Fügewerkzeugs (50, 52) mit der Bewegung eines Niederhalters (56) und/oder Abstreifers über ein Koppelmittel synchronisiert ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 4 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zumindest eines der Fügewerkzeuge (52, 54) über Stellmittel in eine einer statischen Bewegungsrichtung entgegengerichteten Richtung verfahrbar ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 4 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Fügevorgang von einer elektronischen Steuer- und/oder Regelungsvorrichtung (70) überwacht ist, indem Sensoren (74) fügeprozeßrelevante Daten ermitteln. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die elektronische Steuer- und/oder Regelungsvorrichtung (70) über eine Aktorik (76 a, b) und Sensorik (74) die Eigenfrequenz des gegenüberliegenden Fügewerkzeugs (52, 54) ermittelt und die Frequenz, mit der das andere Fügewerkzeug (52, 54) erregt wird, in Abhängigkeit von der ermittelten Eigenfrequenz durch die Ansteuerung einer Aktorik (76 a, b) verändert. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14 oder 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die elektronische Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung (70) anstelle oder zusätzlich zur Veränderung der Erregerfrequenz über eine Aktorik (74) die Dämpfungscharakteristik der elastischen Lagerung (66, 68) verändert. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 14 bis 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die elektronische Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung (70) die Erregerfrequenz und/oder die Dämpfungscharakteristik aus Daten ableitet, die diese direkt gespeichert oder im Zugriff hat. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Stoßstärke, Stoßanzahl, Stoßgeschwindigkeit, Stoßweg und/oder Dauer der Stöße eines oder mehrerer Schlagmechanismen (58) variabel einstellbar sind. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 18,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die elastische Lagerung (66) des gegenüberliegenden Fügewerkzeugs (52, 54), des erregten Fügewerkzeugs (52, 54) und/oder der Fügeteile (50) über eine zusätzliche Dämpfung (68) verfügt. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 19,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Fügewerkzeuge (52, 54) in gegensinniger Arbeitsweise arbeiten. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 20,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß durch eine angetriebene Vorrichtung zumindest eines der Fügewerkzeuge (52, 54) in seiner Bewegung ausregelbar ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zumindest eines der Fügewerkzeuge (52, 54) oder ein Niederhalter (56) als Elektromagnet (154) ausgebildet oder mit einem Elektromagneten (154) verbunden ist oder ein im Bereich der Vorrichtung befindlicher Elektromagnet (154) auf zumindest eines der Fügewerkzeuge (52, 54) den Niederhalter (56) oder Fügeteile (50) wirkt, wobei diese ferromagnetische Eigenschaften aufweisen. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 22,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in der Vorrichtung Fügehilfsteile wie Stanzmuttern, Stanzbolzen und/oder Stanzniete mit oder ohne Vorlochung verarbeitbar sind. - Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 23,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vorrichtung in ein Handwerkzeug integriert ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19729368A DE19729368A1 (de) | 1997-07-09 | 1997-07-09 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen von Blechen, Profilen und/oder Mehrblechverbindungen |
DE19729368 | 1997-07-09 | ||
US09/229,731 US6199271B1 (en) | 1997-07-09 | 1999-01-13 | Method and apparatus for joining metal sheets and the like |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0890397A1 true EP0890397A1 (de) | 1999-01-13 |
EP0890397B1 EP0890397B1 (de) | 2003-03-26 |
Family
ID=26038149
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98112439A Expired - Lifetime EP0890397B1 (de) | 1997-07-09 | 1998-07-06 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen von Blechen, Profilen oder Mehrblechverbindungen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6199271B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0890397B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19729368A1 (de) |
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EP1108480A2 (de) * | 1999-12-09 | 2001-06-20 | Hahn, Ortwin, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen |
EP1108480A3 (de) * | 1999-12-09 | 2003-02-05 | Hahn, Ortwin, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen |
EP1132158A1 (de) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-12 | Hahn, Ortwin, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Fügen von metallischen Bauteilen |
KR100431640B1 (ko) * | 2001-08-10 | 2004-05-17 | 한국과학기술원 | 중첩판재를 클린칭하는 장치 및 방법 |
US6862913B2 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2005-03-08 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Device and method for mechanically joining sheet metal |
EP2846050A1 (de) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-11 | Profil Verbindungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Stanzniet und Verfahren zur Befestigung von einzelnen Bauteilen aneinander, von denen mindestens das eine aus einem Werkstück aus Verbundwerkstoff besteht |
US9700933B2 (en) | 2013-09-04 | 2017-07-11 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Punch rivet and method for the attachment of individual components to one another of which at least one component is formed by a workpiece of composite material |
DE102013217632A1 (de) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-05 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Stanzniet sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Befestigung einzelner Bauteile aneinander, von denen mindestens ein Bauteil durch ein Werkstück aus Verbundmaterial gebildet ist |
EP2845665A1 (de) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-11 | Profil Verbindungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Stanzniet sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Befestigung von individuellen Komponenten aneinander, von denen mindestens eine Komponente durch ein Werkstück aus Verbundwerkstoff geformt ist |
EP2845680A1 (de) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-11 | Profil Verbindungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Befestigung eines Befestigungselementes an einem Werkstück, Kombination einer Unterlegscheibe mit einer Prägeform sowie Prägeform |
DE102013217640A1 (de) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-05 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Anbringung eines Befestigungselements an ein Werkstück, Kombination einer Scheibe mit einer Matrize sowie Matrize |
US9844810B2 (en) | 2013-09-04 | 2017-12-19 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Punch rivet and also a method and apparatuses for attachment of individual components to one another of which at least one component is formed by a workpiece of composite material |
DE102013217633A1 (de) | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-05 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Stanzniet und Verfahren zur Befestigung einzelner Bauteile aneinander, von denen mindestens ein Bauteil durch ein Werkstück aus Verbundmaterial gebildet ist |
EP2873473A1 (de) | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-20 | Profil Verbindungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Verbindung von Blechmetallteilen und Verbundwerkstoffteilen und Komponentenanordnung |
DE102014113438A1 (de) | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-07 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Verbinden von Blechteilen und Zusammenbauteil sowie Setzkopf und Matrize |
EP3124133A1 (de) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gegenhalter für eine stanznietvorrichtung, stanznietvorrichtung, verwendung eines gegenhalters und verfahren zum herstellen eines gegenhalters |
CN106862463A (zh) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-20 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 冲铆装置和利用辅助冲制力的振动进行冲压铆接的冲铆方法 |
EP3332886A1 (de) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-13 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Verfahren und anordnung zum überwachen einer stanznietvorrichtung |
EP3388165A1 (de) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-17 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Stanznietvorrichtung und fertigungseinrichtung |
DE102020104529A1 (de) | 2020-02-20 | 2021-08-26 | Technische Universität Chemnitz | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen von Hohlprofilen |
DE102020104529B4 (de) | 2020-02-20 | 2023-03-02 | Technische Universität Chemnitz | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen von Hohlprofilen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE19729368A1 (de) | 1999-01-14 |
EP0890397B1 (de) | 2003-03-26 |
US20010002506A1 (en) | 2001-06-07 |
US6199271B1 (en) | 2001-03-13 |
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