EP0887830A2 - Fehlerstromschutzschalter - Google Patents
Fehlerstromschutzschalter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0887830A2 EP0887830A2 EP98109612A EP98109612A EP0887830A2 EP 0887830 A2 EP0887830 A2 EP 0887830A2 EP 98109612 A EP98109612 A EP 98109612A EP 98109612 A EP98109612 A EP 98109612A EP 0887830 A2 EP0887830 A2 EP 0887830A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- yoke
- circuit breaker
- anchor
- residual current
- spring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
- H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H61/00—Electrothermal relays
- H01H61/01—Details
- H01H61/0107—Details making use of shape memory materials
- H01H2061/0115—Shape memory alloy [SMA] actuator formed by coil spring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
- H01H71/145—Electrothermal mechanisms using shape memory materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
- H01H71/16—Electrothermal mechanisms with bimetal element
Definitions
- the invention relates to a residual current circuit breaker according to the preamble of the claim 1.
- a known holding magnet release has a U-shaped yoke, the leg ends are covered by a hinged anchor. It is on one of the two bars Hinged anchor rotatably supported; the other end lies against the yoke surface of the other yoke leg.
- the anchor is under the force of a folding anchor spring the hinged anchor is constantly loaded in the opening direction.
- this hinged anchor spring outside the yoke and is with a End on the yoke and with the other end on the protruding from the yoke leg End of the hinged anchor hooked.
- the tavern of the yoke, against which the opening The end of the hinged anchor bears a coil and the yoke is beyond a permanent magnet arranged within a certain permanent magnet flux of the yoke.
- This permanent magnetic flux is dimensioned so that it Folding anchors continuously against the yoke leg ends against the force of the tension spring attracts. If a fault current occurs, it flows through the coil and generates one the permanent magnetic flux opposing flux, whereby the magnetic force reduced for the hinged anchor, so that the force of the spring predominates. In this case the hinged anchor is opened.
- a plunger is connected to the hinged anchor Switch lock acts to release, so that the arranged in the residual current circuit breaker Contact points are opened.
- annular, closed yoke part In the case of a blocking magnet release, an annular, closed yoke part is provided, at one point a narrow area is provided.
- the one Permanent magnet generated permanent magnet flux in the yoke travels when a occurs Fault current the narrow range into saturation, so that the Anchor under the force of an anchor spring is withdrawn.
- Each residual current circuit breaker is switched on by pressing the test button and to test by simulating a fault current.
- the trigger must fire and switch off the residual current circuit breaker. In cases where the test button is not change is carried out over a long period of time, so that in very few cases the residual current circuit breaker cannot trip.
- the object of the invention is to provide a residual current circuit breaker in which a simple solution also ensures that the residual current circuit breaker opens is when adhesion processes occur on the yoke surfaces at the point where the anchor rests or corrosion.
- additional means are made of a material that deforms when the temperature changes Material, e.g. B. from a bimetallic material or a shape memory alloy, provided that the armature from the yoke when the fault current occurs deduct or pull, insofar as the fault current heats up the funds works and these deform.
- the hinged anchor spring can also be made entirely of the shape memory material consist.
- the agent can be used to form the yoke leg, from the pole surface of which the hinged armature is pulled off, a spring element be wrapped from shape memory alloy, which its current flow Changes shape and pulls the hinged anchor.
- the hinged armature transmits the key switch via a plunger and a snap disk to the plunger made of bimetal or a shape memory alloy that is associated with the plunger If the jump temperature is exceeded in the direction of opening.
- the snap disc can also be between anchor and plunger be arranged so that normally the Anke ⁇ on the snap disc and the Act the snap disc on the plunger.
- the snap disc is arranged on the yoke side of the armature and that between the snap disc and the armature another plunger is arranged, via which the movement of the Snap disc is transferred to the hinged anchor.
- All those components that change their shape when the temperature changes, that's the one Folding anchor spring, the spring element or the snap disc, can be more convenient Be controlled by an electronic circuit so that the electronic circuit, which can be a memory circuit, for example, a current pulse generated, which flows through the deforming component and thus heats the component, whereby the crack temperature is exceeded, so that the building in its Form changed.
- the electronic circuit which can be a memory circuit, for example, a current pulse generated, which flows through the deforming component and thus heats the component, whereby the crack temperature is exceeded, so that the building in its Form changed.
- a trigger 10 which is inserted into a dash-dotted housing 11, has a yoke 12 with two yoke legs 13 and 14 and one with each other connecting web 15, which has two sections 15a and 15b, of which the section 15a perpendicular to the legs 13 and 14 and the web portion 15b below an angle of 45 ° to the two legs 13 and 14 is arranged.
- the web section 15a continues beyond the inn 13 into a foot 15b, which is used for support a bobbin 16 is used, around which a winding 17 with connecting lines 18 and 19 is wound.
- a permanent magnet via riveting 20 21 is attached, on the end face 22 of which is opposite section 15b a holder 23 is also riveted, which runs partially parallel to the leg 14 Bearing section 24 and an approximately L-shaped extension 25 carries.
- a hinged armature 26 is rotatably mounted, which also extends over the bearing section 24 protrudes an extension 27; on the extension 27 and the L-shaped extension 25 one end of a hinged anchor spring 28 is attached.
- the hinged anchor 26 thus covers the leg 14 and the leg 13, wherein he Area of the leg 13 has a slight offset 28 on which a bearing surface 29 is formed, the drawn, switched on state against the yoke surface 30 of the leg 13 abuts.
- a plunger 31 is provided through an opening 32 from the top of the housing 33 protrudes.
- the permanent magnet 21 generates a permanent magnetic flux within the yoke 12, which attracts the hinged anchor 26 against the yoke legs 13 and 14 and thus a Exerts torque on the hinged armature 16, which is exerted by the spring 28 Torque is directed in the opposite direction, the tightening force and thereby generated torque are greater than the spring force and that generated by the spring force Torque.
- a fault current occurs, that is, in a summation current transformer, not shown a secondary-side signal is generated, which via the leads 18 and 19 is supplied to the coil 17, which comprises the leg 13, then in the Yoke 12 generates a magnetic flux that originates from the permanent magnet 21 Magnetic flux is directed in the opposite direction, so that the attractive force on the armature 26 in Area of cranking becomes smaller; that generated by this reduced tightening force Torque on the hinged armature is less than that due to the force of the hinged spring 28 Torque generated so that the spring 28 the hinged anchor around the bearing 24th pivots and thus pushes the plunger 31 outward from the upper side 31 of the housing, so that a latching point in a switch lock of the residual current circuit breaker is opened, the contact point or contact points within the Residual current circuit breaker opens permanently.
- a snap disk 37 fixed to holders 35 and 36 be made of a shape memory alloy or a thermal bimetal.
- This snap disk 37 is concave towards the hinged anchor 26 and between a further plunger 38 is provided for the snap disk 37 and the hinged anchor 26; the plunger 38 can be attached to the snap disk 37.
- FIG. 3 A further solution is shown in FIG. 3.
- a snap disk 41 is shown, which is between the plunger 31 and the hinged anchor 26 is arranged such that they is concave to the plunger 31. If the snap disk 41 is heated, this snaps and moves the plunger 31 out of the top 33 of the Housing out.
- FIG. 4 and 5 each show a further embodiment of the invention.
- a coil 50 which is connected to a known electronic circuit 51 with a secondary winding, not shown is connected to the converter 52.
- the coil 50 is designed spatially constructively, that it covers only part of the leg 13.
- the other, to the free end 30 lying portion of the leg is surrounded by a release spring 53, the is a shape memory alloy and has terminals 54 and 55, the find themselves in a supply circuit which has the overall reference number 56, which is connected to a further secondary winding on converter 52. On this circuit will be discussed in more detail below.
- the arrangement according to FIG. 5 is similar to that of FIG. 4, only the circuit arrangement 56 is modified so that there is a circuit arrangement 57 with the terminals 54 and 55 results, which is again on the spring 53 made of shape memory material find again.
- the circuit 51 with which the coil 50 is controlled, consists of two parallel to the Secondary winding running capacitors 60, 61 and two connected in parallel Diodes 62 and 63, which in turn are connected anti-parallel to each other are.
- One end 64 of the coil closes between the two capacitors 60 and 61 and the other end 65 of coil 50 closes at the cathode of diode 62 and Anode of diode 63 on. In this way, a circuit is formed which is known per se is.
- the device 66 for detecting and evaluating both the fault current signal and one of the electromagnetic Is used to trigger the coming signals, which latter signal is created by that the anchor 26 drops. It is known that by dropping the armature 26 a Change in the magnetic flux in the yoke 12 is generated in the evaluation unit 66 is detected. The evaluation unit 66 controls a transistor 67 when there is no drop signal.
- a Zener diode 71 is located parallel to the storage capacitor 72 for keeping the voltage constant and parallel to the zener diode 21 is the collector-emitter path of the transistor 67, in which there is a further series resistor 70 and the terminals 54 and 55 are located.
- the capacitor 72 is charged and once the transistor 67 from the evaluation unit 66 is controlled, the transistor 67 closes, so that the Energy of the capacitor 72 can be discharged via the terminals 54 and 55, thereby the Spring 53 flows through the current and is thus controlled.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 5 has an evaluation circuit 57 with an evaluation unit 72, which drives a transistor 73 when the drop signal of the hinged armature 26 is absent; by closing the collector-emitter path of transistor 73 a first light diode 74 serving as a transmitter is controlled, with which a photodiode 75 is switched through, so that a current flow from the phase conductor L via a series resistor 76, the photodiode 75 and the terminals 54 and 55 closed to the neutral conductor becomes.
- the circuit arrangement which is shown as a block diagram in FIG. 6, shows one such arrangement for better understanding.
- the residual current circuit breaker 80 has terminals 81 and 82 and 83 and 84 for a phase conductor L and the neutral conductor.
- the phase conductor L and the neutral conductor are passed through a summation current transformer 85, which in the embodiments 4 and 5 corresponds to the sum current transformer 52.
- a summation current transformer 85 which in the embodiments 4 and 5 corresponds to the sum current transformer 52.
- contact points 86 and 87 In both Conductors L and N are contact points 86 and 87.
- an evaluation device 88 for example, an energy storage circuit that triggers a trigger relay 89 actuated, which corresponds to the trigger relay according to FIGS. 1 to 3.
- the trigger relay 89 opens contact points 86 and 87 in the event of a fault current.
- the trigger relay 89 does not drop out, this is done by an additional evaluation device 90 detected, which is associated with an energy storage 91, so that the Additional evaluation 90 the energy of the energy storage one of the additional evaluation also assigned actuator, e.g. B. the spring 53, can be supplied in the event of failure of the trigger relay opens the contact points 86 and 87.
- an additional evaluation device 90 detected, which is associated with an energy storage 91, so that the Additional evaluation 90 the energy of the energy storage one of the additional evaluation also assigned actuator, e.g. B. the spring 53, can be supplied in the event of failure of the trigger relay opens the contact points 86 and 87.
- the additional evaluation plus actuator is divided in an additional evaluation 92 and the additional actuator 93, which with the phase conductors L and N is connected as shown in FIG. 5.
- the additional evaluation 92 corresponds the control circuit 72, 73, which drive the photodiodes 74 and 75, so that the additional actuator 93, which is arranged in Fig. 5 between the terminals 54 and 55 and the release spring 53 corresponds, can be actuated.
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Seitenansicht eines Haltemagnetauslösers gemäß dem Stand der Technik, wie er derzeit in einem Fehlerstromschutzschalter eingebaut ist,
- Fig. 2 und 3
- zwei erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltungen des Auslösers ähnlich Fig. 1,
- Fig. 4 und 5
- je eine Ausgestaltung einer Ansteuerung für einen erfindungsgemäßen Auslöser, und
- Fig. 6 und 7
- ein Blockschaltbild zweier Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.
Claims (9)
- Fehlerstromschutzschalter mit einem elektromagnetischen Auslöser, der als Halte- oder Sperrmagnetauslöser ausgebildet ist, und einen Anker aufweist, der im nichtausgelösten Zustand gegen das Joch des Auslösers gezogen ist und unter der Kraft einer Feder vom Joch beim Auftreten eines Fehlertromes abgezogen oder abgedrückt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusätzlich Mittel (28; 37; 41) aus einem sich bei Temperaturänderung verformenden Material, z. B. aus einem Thermobimetallmaterial oder einer Formgedächtnislegierung, vorgesehen sind, die beim Auftreten des Fehlerstromes den Anker (26) vom Joch abziehen oder abdrücken, insoweit, als der Fehlerstrom oder Netzstrom die Mittel aufheizt und diese sich verformen.
- Fehlerstromschutzschalter mit einem Auslöser mit U-förmigem Joch und einem daran angebrachten, die Jochschenkel überdeckenden Klappanker, der von einer Klappankerfeder in Richtung Abheben vom Joch beaufschlagt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klappankerfeder (28) zum Öffnen des Klappankers Formgedächtnismaterial enthält.
- Fehlerstromschutzschalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klappankerfeder (28) aus einer Formgedächtnislegierung besteht.
- Fehlerstromschutzschalter nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß um den Jochschenkel (13), von dessen Polfläche (30) der Klappanker (26) abhebt, ein Federelement (53) aus einem Formgedächtnismaterial gewickelt ist, das bei Stromdurchfluß aufgrund eines Fehlerstromes seine Form ändert und den Anker (26) abdrückt.
- Fehlerstromschutzschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, mit einem Stößel, der dem Klappanker zugeordnet ist und über den die Bewegung des Klappankers auf ein Schaltschloß im Fehlerstromschutzschalter übertragen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Stößel (31) eine Schnappscheibe (41) aus Thermobimetall oder einer Formgedächtnislegierung zugeordnet ist, die den Stößel (31) in Richtung Öffnen bewegt, wenn ein Fehlerstrom auftritt.
- Fehlerstromschutzschalter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schnappscheibe (41) zwischen Anker (26) und Stößel (31) angeordnet ist.
- Fehlerstromschutzschalter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schnappscheibe (37) auf der Jochseite des Klappankers (26) angeordnet ist und daß zwischen der Schnappscheibe (37) und dem Klappanker (26) ein weiterer Stößel (38) angeordnet ist, über den die Bewegung der Schnappscheibe (37) auf den Klappanker (26) übertragen wird.
- Fehlerstromschutzschalter nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel aus Thermobimetallmaterial oder der Formgedächtnislegierung von einer elektronischen Schaltung angesteuert und mit Strom versorgt werden.
- Fehlerstromschutzschalter nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektronische Schaltung eine Energiespeicherschaltung ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19727152 | 1997-06-26 | ||
DE1997127152 DE19727152A1 (de) | 1997-06-26 | 1997-06-26 | Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0887830A2 true EP0887830A2 (de) | 1998-12-30 |
EP0887830A3 EP0887830A3 (de) | 1999-06-09 |
Family
ID=7833717
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98109612A Withdrawn EP0887830A3 (de) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-05-27 | Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0887830A3 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19727152A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1701370A1 (de) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-13 | ABB Schweiz AG | Überstromauslöser für einen Schutzschalter |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2823480B1 (fr) * | 2001-04-13 | 2003-06-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Dispositif de freinage assiste pour vehicule a moteur |
DE102004056282A1 (de) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-24 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Schaltgerät mit einem thermischen und elektromagnetischen Auslöser |
DE102006016648A1 (de) * | 2006-04-08 | 2007-10-11 | Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. | Fernbedienbarer Hochstromschalter |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1955306A1 (de) * | 1969-11-04 | 1971-05-13 | Ellenberger & Poensgen | Druckknopfbetaetigter UEberstromschalter |
DE2811686A1 (de) * | 1978-03-17 | 1979-09-20 | Licentia Gmbh | Ausloeserelais fuer fehlerstromschutzschalter |
US4288770A (en) * | 1979-11-28 | 1981-09-08 | General Electric Company | Thermal override for static trip circuit breakers |
US5107235A (en) * | 1991-01-24 | 1992-04-21 | Square D Company | Current driven actuator with coupled thermal and magnetic actuating elements |
EP0517049A1 (de) * | 1991-06-03 | 1992-12-09 | ABBPATENT GmbH | Permanentmagnetischer Fehlerstromauslöser |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1566231A (en) * | 1978-04-11 | 1980-04-30 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Overcurrent cutout |
DE2944579C2 (de) * | 1979-11-05 | 1986-02-20 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Niederspannungs-Leitungsschutzschalter |
DE19543212A1 (de) * | 1995-11-20 | 1997-05-22 | Rainer Dipl Phys Berthold | Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
-
1997
- 1997-06-26 DE DE1997127152 patent/DE19727152A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-05-27 EP EP98109612A patent/EP0887830A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1955306A1 (de) * | 1969-11-04 | 1971-05-13 | Ellenberger & Poensgen | Druckknopfbetaetigter UEberstromschalter |
DE2811686A1 (de) * | 1978-03-17 | 1979-09-20 | Licentia Gmbh | Ausloeserelais fuer fehlerstromschutzschalter |
US4288770A (en) * | 1979-11-28 | 1981-09-08 | General Electric Company | Thermal override for static trip circuit breakers |
US5107235A (en) * | 1991-01-24 | 1992-04-21 | Square D Company | Current driven actuator with coupled thermal and magnetic actuating elements |
EP0517049A1 (de) * | 1991-06-03 | 1992-12-09 | ABBPATENT GmbH | Permanentmagnetischer Fehlerstromauslöser |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1701370A1 (de) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-13 | ABB Schweiz AG | Überstromauslöser für einen Schutzschalter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19727152A1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
EP0887830A3 (de) | 1999-06-09 |
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