EP0886056B1 - Method and apparatus for monitoring a fuel supply system - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for monitoring a fuel supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0886056B1
EP0886056B1 EP98108227A EP98108227A EP0886056B1 EP 0886056 B1 EP0886056 B1 EP 0886056B1 EP 98108227 A EP98108227 A EP 98108227A EP 98108227 A EP98108227 A EP 98108227A EP 0886056 B1 EP0886056 B1 EP 0886056B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
fuel
fuel supply
value
internal combustion
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP98108227A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0886056A1 (en
Inventor
Christof Hammel
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/221—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/224—Diagnosis of the fuel system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3863—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow out of the common rail, e.g. using pressure relief valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring a fuel metering system.
  • a method and an apparatus for monitoring a Fuel metering systems are from DE 38 02 770 (US 4,905,645). There is a procedure for Monitoring a security device to interrupt the Fuel supply described. This security means will referred to as a safety shut-off valve or as an ELAB.
  • the the internal combustion engine control unit is at Switching off the internal combustion engine switched off with a time delay.
  • the safety shut-off valve is actuated when switching off and the engine going out as correct Function of the safety shut-off valve evaluated. Does that The engine does not switch off, so the device recognizes malfunction of the safety shut-off valve and represents the internal combustion engine by means of the fuel quantity adjuster from.
  • From DE-OS 195 48 280 is a fuel metering system known, which is referred to as a common rail system.
  • the invention has for its object a method and a device for monitoring a fuel system to provide with the particular one Safety shutdown valve can be checked safely without that this affects the behavior of the Has internal combustion engine. This task is carried out by the in features characterized in the independent claims solved.
  • FIG. 1 shows 2 shows a block diagram of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 a flowchart of the inventive method and figure 3 different signals plotted over time.
  • FIG. 1 are those for understanding the invention required components of a Fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine with High pressure injection shown.
  • the system shown is commonly referred to as a common rail system.
  • With 10 is called a fuel tank. This stands via a fuel supply line with a filter 15, one Pre-feed pump 20, a safety shut-off valve 25, one High-pressure feed pump 30 in connection with a rail 35.
  • a pressure control valve 40 or a pressure relief valve arranged in the fuel supply line is between the High pressure feed pump 30 and the rail 35 .
  • a pressure control valve 40 or a pressure relief valve arranged in the fuel supply line is between the High pressure feed pump 30 and the rail 35 .
  • the pressure control valve connects the high pressure area with a low pressure area.
  • the fuel returns via the return line 45 the tank 10.
  • the safety shutdown valve 25 is by means of a coil 26 actuated. Accordingly, the valve 40 is by means of a Coil 41 controllable.
  • a sensor 50 is on the rail 35 arranged. This sensor 50 is preferably around a pressure sensor that has a signal provides that the fuel pressure in the rail and thus the Pressure in the high pressure area corresponds.
  • the rail 35 is connected to the individual injectors 61 to 66 in connection.
  • the injectors comprise solenoid valves 71 to 76 by means of which the Fuel flow is controllable through the injectors. Of the injectors each have a connection with the return line 45 in connection.
  • the output signal of the pressure sensor 50 and the Output signals of further sensors 80 reach one Control unit 100 which in turn solenoid valves 71 to 76, the coil 26 of the pre-feed pump, the coil 41 of the Pressure control valve 40 and the high pressure feed pump controls.
  • the control unit is constantly on a first line 90 in connection with supply voltage Ubat. At a particularly advantageous embodiment provides that this line by means of a switching means, in particular of a relay can be interrupted by the control unit.
  • the control unit 100 is also connected via a second line 95 in connection with the supply voltage Ubat.
  • the line is a switch 96 which can be actuated by the driver arranged.
  • the connection with which this switch with the Control unit 100 is connected as terminal 15 designated. If there is a voltage at terminal 15, then the internal combustion engine switched on. There is no tension indicates that the driver is the internal combustion engine has switched off.
  • the pre-feed pump 20 that as an electric fuel pump or mechanical pump can be carried, promotes the fuel that is in the Fuel reservoir 10 is located via a filter 15 to the high pressure feed pump 30.
  • the high pressure feed pump 30 feeds the fuel into the rail 35 and builds one there Pressure on.
  • the safety shutoff valve 25 which is arranged by of the control unit 100 can be controlled in order to control the fuel flow to interrupt.
  • Control unit 100 determines control signals Actuation of the solenoid valves 71 to 76 of the injectors 61 to 66. By opening and closing the solenoid valves 71 to 76 becomes the beginning and end of fuel injection controlled in the internal combustion engine.
  • the pressure of the fuel is measured by means of the pressure sensor 50 detected in the rail 35 and thus in the high pressure area. outgoing
  • the control unit 100 calculates a signal from this value to act on the pressure control valve 40.
  • the pressure is increased by actuating the pressure control valve 40 regulated a predeterminable value, which among other things from Operating conditions of the internal combustion engine depends on that can be detected by means of the sensors 80.
  • the pressure by measures in Low pressure range is regulated. So you can for example the pressure in the high pressure range with a regulate a suitable high-pressure feed pump.
  • the safety shutoff valve 25 is a safety-critical component whose function is constant must be guaranteed.
  • the pressure control valve When the engine is turned off by appropriate control of the pressure control valve and tries to increase the pressure by closing the ELAB achieve. If a corresponding pressure increase is achieved, then the ELAB does not shut off the fuel supply sufficiently and the ELAB is recognized as defective.
  • the test procedure for the ELAB a pressure increase in High pressure area, especially in the rail 35 as a criterion to ensure that the ELAB is not working correctly.
  • FIG. 2 An embodiment of the procedure according to the invention is shown as a flow chart in Figure 2.
  • the program starts in step 200 after the signal at terminal 15 (KL15) indicates that the driver is the internal combustion engine wants to turn off. In this case, it is usually due to a clamp 15 no voltage on. There is a corresponding signal value Terminal 15, then the shutdown begins Internal combustion engine.
  • a time counter t becomes zero reset.
  • a first one Pressure value P1 recorded.
  • the pressure value P1 is the pressure value that is currently available when the parking request the driver is recognized.
  • step 220 the control unit increases this Control signal DRV for the pressure control valve 40 by one first value ⁇ DRV1. This is then carried out in step 230 Control of the ELAB so that it is the fuel supply in derogation. Then in step 240 the is still Idle control LL active. The subsequent query 250 checks whether a time counter is greater than a threshold T1 is. If this is not the case, step is repeated 240th
  • This query 250 ensures that the test cycle matches the Controls described above for a time T1 in this State remains.
  • This time T1 is chosen so that the dead volume between the ELAB 25 and the High pressure feed pump 30 breaks down.
  • the time period is T1 between approx. 150 ms and 200 ms. This delay is for the driver not recognizable. After that time there is pressure in the low pressure area before the high pressure pump under the The minimum inlet pressure of the high pressure pump has dropped.
  • step 260 Fuel quantity QK to be injected set to zero. This means the injectors are controlled so that they stop measuring fuel.
  • step 270 that is Control signal DRV for the pressure control valve to a value DRV2 set. This value DRV2 is chosen so that the Pressure control valve 40 essentially completely closes. From At this point, all fuel is still on conveyed into the rail 35 by the high-pressure feed pump 30 becomes available for pressure build-up. If the ELAB 25 is defective and / or does not close completely, the High pressure feed pump 30 continue to promote and the pressure P im Rail rises. If the ELAB is OK, the pressure can no longer increase, but will always be due to the existing leakage decrease.
  • the current pressure value P2 is detected in step 280.
  • the subsequent query 282 checks whether the pressure value P2 is greater than the pressure value P1 + ⁇ P. That is the query 282 checks to see if the pressure has occurred since the shutdown began has increased by more than a differential pressure ⁇ P. Alternatively, it can also be provided that query 282 queries whether the pressure P2 is greater than a threshold value.
  • step 285 checks whether the time t is greater than a value T2. is if this is not the case, query 280 is repeated. If the Time condition expired, the program ends in step 287th
  • T1 occurs in a first time period Switching off the internal combustion engine the system into one brought defined state. During this period there is no verification. After this first Time period is the pressure control valve 40 in the sense of a controlled further pressure increase.
  • FIG 3 there are various signals over time t applied.
  • the signal at terminal 15 is in Sub-figure b, the control signal E for the ELAB and in Sub-figure c, the control signal DRV for the pressure control valve 40 applied.
  • the control signal AD is for applied the injectors.
  • Partial figure e shows the course of the pressure P in the rail when properly operated with a solid and with faulty operation with a dashed line.
  • the speed N is Internal combustion engine shown.
  • the signal at terminal 15 indicates that the internal combustion engine is running. Up to this point the ELAB is not controlled.
  • the DRV signal for control of the pressure control valve is at a value which is from Output of a pressure regulator, not shown, depends. The same applies to the control signal AD for the Injectors.
  • the value of the pressure P is also there to a value dependent on the previous operation.
  • the speed N is usually in the range of the idle speed.
  • the driver switches off the vehicle at time t0. For this he actuates switch 96, causing the clamp 15 is no longer energized and that signal KL15 drops. At the same time, the ELAB is controlled so that it closes. The signal E thus rises to its higher level. in the following the signals KL15 and E remain on the now reached value.
  • the control signal DRV increases by the value ⁇ DRV1.
  • the Control signal AD for the injectors remains on his old value.
  • the pressure P is reduced by a small amount increase, the increase for defective and non-defective ELAB differs only slightly.
  • the speed N also remains at its value because of the speed controller is still active.
  • the signal DRV to control the pressure regulating means 40 to the value DRV2 set high.
  • the control signal AD for the Injectors withdrawn to zero. This has the consequence that the speed slowly drops to zero. Is the ELAB in Order, the pressure P also drops to zero. Is this If the ELAB is defective, the pressure P increases according to the broken line drawn course, and exceeds at time t3 the value P1 + ⁇ P.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Kraftstoffzumeßsystems.The invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring a fuel metering system.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Kraftstoffzumeßsystems sind aus der DE 38 02 770 (US 4 905 645) bekannt. Dort wird ein Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Sicherheitsmittels zur Unterbrechung der Kraftstoffzufuhr beschrieben. Dieses Sicherheitsmittel wird als Sicherheitsabschaltventil oder als ELAB bezeichnet. Das die Brennkraftmaschine steuernde Steuergerät wird beim Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine zeitverzögert abgeschaltet. Beim Abschalten wird das Sicherheitsabschaltventil betätigt und das Ausgehen der Brennkraftmaschine als korrekte Funktion des Sicherheitsabschaltventils gewertet. Geht die Brennkraftmaschine nicht aus, so erkennt die Vorrichtung eine Fehlfunktion des Sicherheitsabschaltventils und stellt die Brennkraftmaschine mittels des Kraftstoffmengenstellers ab.A method and an apparatus for monitoring a Fuel metering systems are from DE 38 02 770 (US 4,905,645). There is a procedure for Monitoring a security device to interrupt the Fuel supply described. This security means will referred to as a safety shut-off valve or as an ELAB. The the internal combustion engine control unit is at Switching off the internal combustion engine switched off with a time delay. The safety shut-off valve is actuated when switching off and the engine going out as correct Function of the safety shut-off valve evaluated. Does that The engine does not switch off, so the device recognizes malfunction of the safety shut-off valve and represents the internal combustion engine by means of the fuel quantity adjuster from.

Aus der DE-OS 195 48 280 ist ein Kraftstoffzumeßsystem bekannt, das als Common-Rail-System bezeichnet wird. From DE-OS 195 48 280 is a fuel metering system known, which is referred to as a common rail system.

Insbesondere bei solchen Common-Rail-Systemen läuft die Brennkraftmaschine bei Betätigung des Sicherheitsabschaltventils, im folgenden als ELAB bezeichnet, noch für eine gewisse Zeit weiter. Dieser Nachlauf beruht auf dem großen Totvolumen an Kraftstoff zwischen dem ELAB und den Injektoren. Dieses Volumen an Kraftstoff verzögert den Druckabfall und damit den Drehzahlabfall beim Abstellen des Fahrzeugs. Der Nachlauf kann bis zu ca. 2 sec betragen. Ein solches Verhalten ist für den Fahrer ungewohnt und damit unerwünscht.In particular with such common rail systems, the runs Internal combustion engine when the Safety shut-off valve, hereinafter referred to as ELAB designated, still for a certain time. This Caster is based on the large dead volume of fuel between the ELAB and the injectors. This volume Fuel delays the pressure drop and thus the Speed drop when parking the vehicle. The wake can be up to approx. 2 sec. Such behavior is unusual for the driver and therefore undesirable.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Kraftstoffsystems bereitzustellen, mit der insbesondere ein Sicherheitsabschaltventil sicher überprüft werden kann, ohne daß dies Auswirkungen auf das Verhalten der Brennkraftmaschine besitzt. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den unabhängigen Ansprüchen gekennzeichneten Merkmale gelöst.The invention has for its object a method and a device for monitoring a fuel system to provide with the particular one Safety shutdown valve can be checked safely without that this affects the behavior of the Has internal combustion engine. This task is carried out by the in features characterized in the independent claims solved.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise kann das Sicherheitsabschaltventil auf Funktion überprüft werden, ohne daß dies ein ungewohntes und damit unerwünschtes Verhalten der Brennkraftmaschine zur Folge hat.With the procedure according to the invention that can Safety shutoff valve to be checked for function, without this being an unfamiliar and therefore undesirable Behavior of the internal combustion engine results.

Vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous and expedient configurations and Further developments of the invention are in the subclaims characterized.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der in Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsformen erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 ein Blockdiagramm der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, Figur 2 ein Flußdiagramm des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und Figur 3 verschiedene über der Zeit aufgetragene Signale.The invention is described below with reference to the drawing illustrated embodiments explained. 1 shows 2 shows a block diagram of the device according to the invention, FIG. 2 a flowchart of the inventive method and figure 3 different signals plotted over time.

In der Figur 1 sind die für das Verständnis der Erfindung erforderlichen Bestandteile eines Kraftstoffversorgungssystems einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Hochdruckeinspritzung dargestellt. Das dargestellte System wird üblicherweise als Common-Rail-System bezeichnet. Mit 10 ist ein Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter bezeichnet. Dieser steht über eine Kraftstoffzuführleitung mit einem Filter 15, einer Vorförderpumpe 20, einem Sicherheitsabschaltventil 25, einer Hochdruckförderpumpe 30 mit einem Rail 35 in Verbindung.In Figure 1 are those for understanding the invention required components of a Fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine with High pressure injection shown. The system shown is commonly referred to as a common rail system. With 10 is called a fuel tank. This stands via a fuel supply line with a filter 15, one Pre-feed pump 20, a safety shut-off valve 25, one High-pressure feed pump 30 in connection with a rail 35.

In der Kraftstoffzuführleitung ist zwischen der Hochdruckförderpumpe 30 und dem Rail 35 ein Druckregelventil 40 bzw. ein Druckbegrenzungsventil angeordnet. Mittels dieses Ventils ist die Zuführleitung mit einer Rücklaufleitung 45 verbindbar. Das Druckregelventil verbindet den Hochdruckbereich mit einem Niederdruckbereich. Über die Rücklaufleitung 45 gelangt der Kraftstoff zurück in den Tank 10.In the fuel supply line is between the High pressure feed pump 30 and the rail 35 a pressure control valve 40 or a pressure relief valve arranged. through this valve is the supply line with a Return line 45 connectable. The pressure control valve connects the high pressure area with a low pressure area. The fuel returns via the return line 45 the tank 10.

Das Sicherheitsabschaltventil 25 ist mittels einer Spule 26 betätigbar. Entsprechend ist das Ventil 40 mittels einer Spule 41 ansteuerbar. Am Rail 35 ist ein Sensor 50 angeordnet. Bei diesem Sensor 50 handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen Drucksensor, der ein Signal bereitstellt, das dem Kraftstoffdruck im Rail und damit dem Druck im Hochdruckbereich entspricht. The safety shutdown valve 25 is by means of a coil 26 actuated. Accordingly, the valve 40 is by means of a Coil 41 controllable. A sensor 50 is on the rail 35 arranged. This sensor 50 is preferably around a pressure sensor that has a signal provides that the fuel pressure in the rail and thus the Pressure in the high pressure area corresponds.

Das Rail 35 steht über jeweils eine Leitung mit den einzelnen Injektoren 61 bis 66 in Verbindung. Die Injektoren umfassen Magnetventile 71 bis 76 mittels denen der Kraftstofffluß durch die Injektoren steuerbar ist. Des weiteren stehen die Injektoren mit jeweils einem Anschluß mit der Rücklaufleitung 45 in Verbindung.The rail 35 is connected to the individual injectors 61 to 66 in connection. The injectors comprise solenoid valves 71 to 76 by means of which the Fuel flow is controllable through the injectors. Of the injectors each have a connection with the return line 45 in connection.

Das Ausgangssignal des Drucksensors 50 sowie die Ausgangssignale weiterer Sensoren 80 gelangen zu einer Steuereinheit 100 die wiederum die Magnetventile 71 bis 76, die Spule 26 der Vorförderpumpe, die Spule 41 des Druckregelventils 40 und die Hochdruckförderpumpe steuert.The output signal of the pressure sensor 50 and the Output signals of further sensors 80 reach one Control unit 100 which in turn solenoid valves 71 to 76, the coil 26 of the pre-feed pump, the coil 41 of the Pressure control valve 40 and the high pressure feed pump controls.

Die Steuereinheit steht über eine erste Leitung 90 ständig mit Versorgungsspannung Ubat in Verbindung. Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß diese Leitung mittels eines Schaltmittels, insbesondere eines Relais von der Steuereinheit unterbrechbar ist.The control unit is constantly on a first line 90 in connection with supply voltage Ubat. At a particularly advantageous embodiment provides that this line by means of a switching means, in particular of a relay can be interrupted by the control unit.

Ferner steht die Steuereinheit 100 über eine zweite Leitung 95 mit der Versorgungsspannung Ubat in Verbindung. In dieser Leitung ist ein vom Fahrer betätigbarer Schalter 96 angeordnet. Der Anschluß, mit dem dieser Schalter mit der Steuereinheit 100 in Verbindung steht, ist als Klemme 15 bezeichnet. Liegt an der Klemme 15 eine Spannung an, so ist die Brennkraftmaschine eingeschaltet. Liegt keine Spannung an, so zeigt dies an daß der Fahrer die Brennkraftmaschine abgeschaltet hat.The control unit 100 is also connected via a second line 95 in connection with the supply voltage Ubat. In this The line is a switch 96 which can be actuated by the driver arranged. The connection with which this switch with the Control unit 100 is connected as terminal 15 designated. If there is a voltage at terminal 15, then the internal combustion engine switched on. There is no tension indicates that the driver is the internal combustion engine has switched off.

Diese Einrichtung arbeitet wie folgt. Die Vorförderpumpe 20, die als Elektrokraftstoffpumpe oder mechanische Pumpe ausgeführt sein kann, fördert den Kraftstoff, der sich im Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 befindet über einen Filter 15 zur Hochdruckförderpumpe 30. Die Hochdruckförderpumpe 30 fördert den Kraftstoff in das Rail 35 und baut dort einen Druck auf. Üblicherweise werden bei Systemen für fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschinen Druckwerte von etwa 30 bis 100 bar und bei selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen Druckwerte von etwa 1000 bis 2000 bar erzielt.This facility works as follows. The pre-feed pump 20, that as an electric fuel pump or mechanical pump can be carried, promotes the fuel that is in the Fuel reservoir 10 is located via a filter 15 to the high pressure feed pump 30. The high pressure feed pump 30 feeds the fuel into the rail 35 and builds one there Pressure on. Systems for spark ignition internal combustion engines pressure values of about 30 up to 100 bar and with self-igniting internal combustion engines Pressure values of about 1000 to 2000 bar achieved.

Zwischen der Hochdruckförderpumpe 30 und der Vorförderpumpe 20 ist das Sicherheitsabschaltventil 25 angeordnet, das von der Steuereinheit 100 ansteuerbar ist, um den Kraftstofffluß zu unterbrechen.Between the high pressure feed pump 30 and the pre-feed pump 20 is the safety shutoff valve 25, which is arranged by of the control unit 100 can be controlled in order to control the fuel flow to interrupt.

Ausgehend von den Signalen verschiedener Sensoren 80 bestimmt die Steuereinheit 100 Steuersignale zur Beaufschlagung der Magnetventile 71 bis 76 der Injektoren 61 bis 66. Durch Öffnen und Schließen der Magnetventile 71 bis 76 wird der Beginn und das Ende der Kraftstoffeinspritzung in die Brennkraftmaschine gesteuert.Based on the signals from various sensors 80 Control unit 100 determines control signals Actuation of the solenoid valves 71 to 76 of the injectors 61 to 66. By opening and closing the solenoid valves 71 to 76 becomes the beginning and end of fuel injection controlled in the internal combustion engine.

Mittels des Drucksensors 50 wird der Druck des Kraftstoffes im Rail 35 und damit im Hochdruckbereich erfaßt. Ausgehend von diesem Wert berechnet die Steuereinheit 100 ein Signal zur Beaufschlagung des Druckregelventils 40. Vorzugsweise wird der Druck durch Ansteuern des Druckregelventils 40 auf einen vorgebbaren Wert geregelt, der unter anderem von Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine abhängt, die mittels der Sensoren 80 erfaßt werden.The pressure of the fuel is measured by means of the pressure sensor 50 detected in the rail 35 and thus in the high pressure area. outgoing The control unit 100 calculates a signal from this value to act on the pressure control valve 40. Preferably the pressure is increased by actuating the pressure control valve 40 regulated a predeterminable value, which among other things from Operating conditions of the internal combustion engine depends on that can be detected by means of the sensors 80.

Auch kann vorgesehen sein, daß der Druck durch Maßnahmen im Niederdruckbereich geregelt wird. So läßt sich beispielsweise der Druck im Hochdruckbereich mit einer geeigneten Hochdruckförderpumpe regeln.It can also be provided that the pressure by measures in Low pressure range is regulated. So you can for example the pressure in the high pressure range with a regulate a suitable high-pressure feed pump.

Bei dem Sicherheitsabschaltventil 25 handelt es sich um ein sicherheitskritisches Bauteil dessen Funktion ständig gewährleistet werden muß. Beim Abstellen des Motors wird durch entsprechende Ansteuerung des Druckregelventils und durch Schließen des ELAB's versucht einen Druckanstieg zu erzielen. Wird ein entsprechender Druckanstieg erreicht, so sperrt das ELAB die Kraftstoffzufuhr nicht ausreichend und das ELAB wird als defekt erkannt. Erfindungsgemäß wird bei dem Testverfahren für das ELAB ein Druckanstieg im Hochdruckbereich, insbesondere in dem Rail 35 als Kriterium dafür herangezogen, daß das ELAB nicht korrekt arbeitet.The safety shutoff valve 25 is a safety-critical component whose function is constant must be guaranteed. When the engine is turned off by appropriate control of the pressure control valve and tries to increase the pressure by closing the ELAB achieve. If a corresponding pressure increase is achieved, then the ELAB does not shut off the fuel supply sufficiently and the ELAB is recognized as defective. According to the invention the test procedure for the ELAB a pressure increase in High pressure area, especially in the rail 35 as a criterion to ensure that the ELAB is not working correctly.

Eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise ist als Flußdiagramm in Figur 2 dargestellt. Das Programm startet in Schritt 200, nachdem das Signal an Klemme 15 (KL15) anzeigt, daß der Fahrer die Brennkraftmaschine abstellen will. In der Regel liegt in diesem Fall an Klemme 15 keine Spannung an. Liegt ein entsprechender Signalwert an Klemme 15 an, so beginnt das Abschalten der Brennkraftmaschine.An embodiment of the procedure according to the invention is shown as a flow chart in Figure 2. The program starts in step 200 after the signal at terminal 15 (KL15) indicates that the driver is the internal combustion engine wants to turn off. In this case, it is usually due to a clamp 15 no voltage on. There is a corresponding signal value Terminal 15, then the shutdown begins Internal combustion engine.

Im anschließenden Schritt 205 wird ein Zeitzähler t auf Null zurückgesetzt. Anschließend in Schritt 210 wird ein erster Druckwert P1 erfaßt. Bei dem Druckwert P1 handelt es sich um den Druckwert, der momentan vorliegt, wenn der Abstellwunsch des Fahrers erkannt wird.In the subsequent step 205, a time counter t becomes zero reset. Then in step 210 a first one Pressure value P1 recorded. The pressure value P1 is the pressure value that is currently available when the parking request the driver is recognized.

Anschließend in Schritt 220 erhöht die Steuereinheit das Ansteuersignal DRV für das Druckregelventil 40 um einen ersten Wert ΔDRV1. Anschließend in Schritt 230 erfolgt die Ansteuerung des ELAB derart, daß es die Kraftstoffzufuhr unterbindet. Anschließend in Schritt 240 ist weiterhin die Leerlaufregelung LL aktiv. Die sich anschließende Abfrage 250 überprüft, ob ein Zeitzähler größer als ein Schwellwert T1 ist. Ist dies nicht der Fall, so erfolgt erneut Schritt 240.Then in step 220, the control unit increases this Control signal DRV for the pressure control valve 40 by one first value ΔDRV1. This is then carried out in step 230 Control of the ELAB so that it is the fuel supply in derogation. Then in step 240 the is still Idle control LL active. The subsequent query 250 checks whether a time counter is greater than a threshold T1 is. If this is not the case, step is repeated 240th

Diese Abfrage 250 gewährleistet, daß der Testzyklus mit den oben beschriebenen Ansteuerungen für eine Zeit T1 in diesem Zustand verbleibt. Diese Zeit T1 ist so gewählt, daß sich das Totvolumen zwischen dem ELAB 25 und der Hochdruckförderpumpe 30 abbaut. Die Zeitdauer T1 liegt zwischen ca. 150 ms und 200 ms. Diese Verzögerung ist für den Fahrer nicht erkennbar. Nach dieser Zeit ist der Druck im Niederdruckbereich vor der Hochdruckpumpe unter den Mindesteinlaßdruck der Hochdruckpumpe abgesunken.This query 250 ensures that the test cycle matches the Controls described above for a time T1 in this State remains. This time T1 is chosen so that the dead volume between the ELAB 25 and the High pressure feed pump 30 breaks down. The time period is T1 between approx. 150 ms and 200 ms. This delay is for the driver not recognizable. After that time there is pressure in the low pressure area before the high pressure pump under the The minimum inlet pressure of the high pressure pump has dropped.

Ist diese Zeit T1 abgelaufen, so wird in Schritt 260 die einzuspritzende Kraftstoffmenge QK auf Null gesetzt. Dies bedeutet, die Injektoren werden derart angesteuert, daß sie keinen Kraftstoff mehr zumessen. In Schritt 270 wird das Ansteuersignal DRV für das Druckregelventil auf einen Wert DRV2 gesetzt. Dieser Wert DRV2 ist so gewählt, daß das Druckregelventil 40 im wesentlichen vollständig schließt. Ab diesem Zeitpunkt ist sämtlicher Kraftstoff, der weiterhin von der Hochdruckförderpumpe 30 in das Rail 35 gefördert wird, zum Druckaufbau verfügbar. Ist das ELAB 25 defekt und/oder schließt nicht vollständig, so kann die Hochdruckförderpumpe 30 weiter fördern und der Druck P im Rail steigt an. Ist das ELAB in Ordnung, so kann der Druck nicht mehr weiter ansteigen, sondern wird aufgrund der stets vorhandenen Leckage absinken.If this time T1 has expired, then in step 260 Fuel quantity QK to be injected set to zero. This means the injectors are controlled so that they stop measuring fuel. In step 270 that is Control signal DRV for the pressure control valve to a value DRV2 set. This value DRV2 is chosen so that the Pressure control valve 40 essentially completely closes. From At this point, all fuel is still on conveyed into the rail 35 by the high-pressure feed pump 30 becomes available for pressure build-up. If the ELAB 25 is defective and / or does not close completely, the High pressure feed pump 30 continue to promote and the pressure P im Rail rises. If the ELAB is OK, the pressure can no longer increase, but will always be due to the existing leakage decrease.

In Schritt 280 wird der aktuelle Druckwert P2 erfaßt. Die sich anschließende Abfrage 282 überprüft, ob der Druckwert P2 größer ist als der Druckwert P1+ΔP. Das heißt die Abfrage 282 überprüft, ob der Druck seit Beginn des Abschaltvorgangs um mehr als ein Differenzdruck ΔP angestiegen ist. Alternativ kann auch vorgesehen sein, daß die Abfrage 282 abfragt, ob der Druck P2 größer als ein Schwellwert ist.The current pressure value P2 is detected in step 280. The subsequent query 282 checks whether the pressure value P2 is greater than the pressure value P1 + ΔP. That is the query 282 checks to see if the pressure has occurred since the shutdown began has increased by more than a differential pressure ΔP. Alternatively, it can also be provided that query 282 queries whether the pressure P2 is greater than a threshold value.

Ist dies der Fall, so wird in Schritt 290 auf Fehler erkannt. Ist dies nicht der Fall, so wird in Schritt 285 überprüft, ob die Zeit t größer als ein Wert T2 ist. Ist dies nicht der Fall, so erfolgt erneut Abfrage 280. Ist die Zeitbedingung abgelaufen, so endet das Programm in Schritt 287.If this is the case, an error is made in step 290 recognized. If this is not the case, step 285 checks whether the time t is greater than a value T2. is if this is not the case, query 280 is repeated. If the Time condition expired, the program ends in step 287th

Erfindungsgemäß wird in einer ersten Zeitspanne T1 nach Abschalten der Brennkraftmaschine das System in einen definierten Zustand gebracht. Während dieser Zeitspanne erfolgt keine Überprüfung. Nach Ablauf dieser ersten Zeitspanne wird das Druckregelventil 40 im Sinne eines weiteren Druckanstiegs angesteuert.According to the invention, T1 occurs in a first time period Switching off the internal combustion engine the system into one brought defined state. During this period there is no verification. After this first Time period is the pressure control valve 40 in the sense of a controlled further pressure increase.

Steigt der Druck innerhalb der zweiten Zeitspanne T2 um mehr als einen erwarteten Wert ΔP an, so wird auf Defekt des ELABs erkannt.If the pressure increases by more within the second time period T2 as an expected value ΔP, the defect of ELABs recognized.

In Figur 3 sind verschiedene Signale über der Zeit t aufgetragen. In Teilfigur a ist das Signal an Klemme 15, in Teilfigur b das Ansteuersignal E für das ELAB und in Teilfigur c das Ansteuersignal DRV für das Druckregelventil 40 aufgetragen. In Teilfigur d ist das Ansteuersignal AD für die Injektoren aufgetragen. Teilfigur e zeigt den Verlauf des Druckes P im Rail bei ordnungsgemäßem Betrieb mit einer durchgezogenen und bei fehlerhaftem Betrieb mit einer gestrichelten Linie. In Teilfigur f ist die Drehzahl N der Brennkraftmaschine dargestellt.In Figure 3 there are various signals over time t applied. In sub-figure a, the signal at terminal 15 is in Sub-figure b, the control signal E for the ELAB and in Sub-figure c, the control signal DRV for the pressure control valve 40 applied. In sub-figure d, the control signal AD is for applied the injectors. Partial figure e shows the course of the pressure P in the rail when properly operated with a solid and with faulty operation with a dashed line. In sub-figure f, the speed N is Internal combustion engine shown.

Bis zum Zeitpunkt t0 zeigt das Signal an Klemme 15 an, daß die Brennkraftmaschine läuft. Bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt wird das ELAB nicht angesteuert. Das Signal DRV zur Ansteuerung des Druckregelventils befindet sich auf einem Wert, der vom Ausgang eines nicht dargestellten Druckreglers abhängt. Entsprechendes gilt für das Ansteuersignal AD für die Injektoren. Der Wert des Druckes P befindet sich ebenfalls auf einen vom vorhergehenden Betrieb abhängigen Wert. Up to time t0, the signal at terminal 15 indicates that the internal combustion engine is running. Up to this point the ELAB is not controlled. The DRV signal for control of the pressure control valve is at a value which is from Output of a pressure regulator, not shown, depends. The same applies to the control signal AD for the Injectors. The value of the pressure P is also there to a value dependent on the previous operation.

Entsprechendes gilt für die Drehzahl N. Die Drehzahl wird üblicherweise im Bereich der Leerlaufdrehzahl liegen.The same applies to the speed N. The speed is are usually in the range of the idle speed.

Zum Zeitpunkt t0 stellt der Fahrer das Fahrzeug ab. Hierzu betätigt er den Schalter 96, was dazu führt, daß die Klemme 15 nicht mehr bestromt ist und daß Signal KL15 abfällt. Gleichzeitig wird das ELAB so angesteuert, daß es schließt. Das Signal E steigt also auf seinen höheren Pegel an. Im folgenden bleiben die Signale KL15 und E auf dem nun erreichten Wert.The driver switches off the vehicle at time t0. For this he actuates switch 96, causing the clamp 15 is no longer energized and that signal KL15 drops. At the same time, the ELAB is controlled so that it closes. The signal E thus rises to its higher level. in the following the signals KL15 and E remain on the now reached value.

Das Ansteuersignal DRV steigt um den Wert ΔDRV1 an. Das Ansteuersignal AD für die Injektoren verbleibt auf seinem alten Wert. Der Druck P wird um einen geringen Betrag ansteigen, wobei der Anstieg bei defektem und nicht defektem ELAB sich nur unwesentlich unterscheidet. Die Drehzahl N verbleibt ebenfalls auf ihrem Wert, da der Drehzahlregler weiter aktiv ist.The control signal DRV increases by the value ΔDRV1. The Control signal AD for the injectors remains on his old value. The pressure P is reduced by a small amount increase, the increase for defective and non-defective ELAB differs only slightly. The speed N also remains at its value because of the speed controller is still active.

Zum Zeitpunkt t1 nach Ablauf der Zeit T1 wird das Signal DRV zur Ansteuerung des Druckregelmittels 40 auf den Wert DRV2 hochgesetzt. Gleichzeitig wird das Ansteuersignal AD für die Injektoren auf Null zurückgenommen. Dies hat zur Folge, daß die Drehzahl langsam auf Null abfällt. Ist das ELAB in Ordnung, so fällt der Druck P ebenfalls auf Null ab. Ist das ELAB defekt, so steigt der Druck P gemäß dem gestrichelt gezeichneten Verlauf an, und überschreitet zum Zeitpunkt t3 den Wert P1+ΔP.At time t1 after the time T1, the signal DRV to control the pressure regulating means 40 to the value DRV2 set high. At the same time, the control signal AD for the Injectors withdrawn to zero. This has the consequence that the speed slowly drops to zero. Is the ELAB in Order, the pressure P also drops to zero. Is this If the ELAB is defective, the pressure P increases according to the broken line drawn course, and exceeds at time t3 the value P1 + ΔP.

Claims (7)

  1. Method for monitoring a fuel-metering system, in particular a common-rail system, with a safety means (25) for interrupting the fuel supply, in preferred operating states the safety means (25) being activated for checking purposes, in such a way that it interrupts the fuel supply, characterized in that, in the preferred operating state, a pressure-regulating means (40) can be activated with the effect of a pressure rise, and in that a fault is detected when a fuel pressure rise takes place.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the preferred operating state occurs when the internal combustion engine is switched off.
  3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that no check is carried out within a first time span.
  4. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that, after the first time span has elapsed, the pressure means (40) can be activated with the effect of a further pressure rise.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that injectors (61, 62, 63...66) are activated with the effect of absent injection.
  6. Method according to one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that a fault is detected when the pressure rises within a second time span.
  7. Device for monitoring a fuel-metering system, in particular a common-rail system, with a safety means (25) for interrupting the fuel supply, and with means (100) which, in preferred operating 0 states, activate the safety means (25) for checking purposes, in such a way that it interrupts the fuel supply, characterized in that, in the preferred operating state, the means (100) activate a pressure-regulating means (40) with the effect of a pressure rise and detect faults when a fuel pressure rise takes place.
EP98108227A 1997-06-20 1998-05-06 Method and apparatus for monitoring a fuel supply system Expired - Lifetime EP0886056B1 (en)

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DE19726183 1997-06-20
DE19726183A DE19726183A1 (en) 1997-06-20 1997-06-20 Method and device for monitoring a fuel metering system

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EP0886056B1 true EP0886056B1 (en) 2002-08-14

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EP0886056A1 (en) 1998-12-23

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