EP0883697B1 - Dispositif et procede pour preparer et/ou revetir les surfaces d'elements de construction creux - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede pour preparer et/ou revetir les surfaces d'elements de construction creux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0883697B1
EP0883697B1 EP97903375A EP97903375A EP0883697B1 EP 0883697 B1 EP0883697 B1 EP 0883697B1 EP 97903375 A EP97903375 A EP 97903375A EP 97903375 A EP97903375 A EP 97903375A EP 0883697 B1 EP0883697 B1 EP 0883697B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reaction
inner surfaces
reaction gas
hollow
gases
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97903375A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0883697A1 (fr
Inventor
Valentin Grossmann
Horst Pillhöfer
Martin Thoma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines GmbH
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MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Muenchen GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/06—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
    • C23C10/48—Aluminising
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
    • Y10S118/10—Pipe and tube inside
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
    • Y10S118/11—Pipe and tube outside

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for preparation and / or coating of the surfaces of hollow metal components, the at least two connection openings between their outer and inner surfaces.
  • the at least two communication openings between their outer and inner surfaces have, in particular for hollow blades in turbo engine construction from EP 0 349 420 Method with device known, in which a cleaning gas mixture or a coating gas mixture is generated below a blade in a reaction space.
  • the shovel hangs in the reaction space from which the outer surfaces are cleaned or coated and the reaction gas first flows around the outer surfaces in one direction and then through a first opening in the hollow vane into the cavities on the inner ones Surfaces over and finally out of the caves through a second opening in the hollow blade out in an exhaust pipe for disposal or recycling of the residual gases of the Reaction gas.
  • This method has the advantage that with the same action of the reaction gases on the inner Surfaces of the same hollow components, a larger one than the previous methods Uniformization of the reaction results for both preparation and reduction of sulfidic or oxidic surface contamination as well as for a coating of the inner surfaces with protective layers against oxidation, corrosion or sulfidation becomes.
  • Form the inner surfaces of channels such as those found in turbine or compressor hollow blades are known, can be compared to cleaning and coating with conventional Process the double channel length to be cleaned or coated, since the Reaction gases the cavities not only in one direction, but from two opposite ones Can flow through directions in succession.
  • reaction gas mixtures (I, II) composed of similar components, and the flow direction of the reaction gases is repeated over the surfaces of the hollow component by repeating steps b) and c) changed.
  • This interval method has the particular advantage. that with inner surfaces the protrusions and other obstacles, diminished effects, for example between the windward and leeward side of the obstacles. Another advantage is that you can work with higher flow rates, because luv and compensate leeward effects.
  • At least one of the Reaction gas sources Reaction gases used for cleaning external and internal surfaces serve, preferably halogen-containing gases.
  • halogen-containing gases Among these are chlorine- or fluorine-containing ones Proven gases that have a caustic effect on the surfaces to be cleaned.
  • the reaction gas sources do not always have to be of the same type.
  • For surface preparations preferably delivers at least one of the reaction gas sources reaction gases, that of the reduction serve sulfidic or oxidic deposits on the outer or inner surfaces, preferably hydrogen-containing gases, which in a preferred direction the surfaces flow around the components, while a different coating source in the opposite Direction works.
  • purge gases for cleaning a plant before treating components can be removed from the system, the surfaces in a preferred direction Flow around reaction spaces, for example, to poisonous components in the preferred Direction.
  • connecting holes between outer and inner Component surfaces such as are known as film cooling holes in turbine blades, of unwanted deposits and unwanted contamination during a cooling phase be kept free after a coating process by moving in the direction of the reaction gas mixture II an inert gas the components from the inside out through the connecting holes flows through during the cooling phase.
  • the second reaction gas (II) can thus be a coating reaction gas, as is preferred a chromating or alitizing reaction gas, a reducing gas, such as preferably be a hydrogen-containing gas or an inert gas.
  • a reducing gas such as preferably be a hydrogen-containing gas or an inert gas.
  • the inert gas is preferably in the heating or cooling phase is used.
  • gas diffusion coating of the outer or inner surfaces preferably decompose Gases containing halide on the metallic outer or inner surfaces of the hollow components into a metallic component that acts as a coating on the outer and inner surfaces is deposited and a halogen component that reuses as an activator can be.
  • the depletion of the metal source and the dilution of the reaction gas is at the flow velocities of conventional methods are particularly serious and effective have a negative impact on an equalization of the layer thicknesses, which is due to the inventive Procedure is overcome.
  • This device is for a preparation and / or coating of the surfaces of metallic Hollow components that have at least two connection openings between their outer and have inner surfaces.
  • the device has a reaction container with an outer reaction chamber and a central holding tube. There are removable on the holding tube arranged hollow support radially aligned to the holding tube. these can accommodate at least one hollow component and usually carry up to 30 hollow components, wherein a first connection opening of the components with the outer reaction space and a second connection opening via the hollow support arm to the interior of the holding tube are connected.
  • the reaction gases from the outer reaction space flow first over the outer surfaces of the hollow components and then over the first connection opening to the inner surfaces of the hollow components. You will come across the second connection opening in the hollow components and via the support arms to the interior of the holding tube.
  • Vice versa can pass through the reaction gases from the interior of the holding tube through the support arms the second connection opening of the component first over the inner surfaces and then through the first connection opening over the outer surfaces of the components in the outer Flow reaction space.
  • the removable Support arms can be equipped with hollow components separately and outside the reaction spaces become.
  • the hollow components on the support arms can have different structures and are individually adapted to the support arms and with the second connection opening connected gastight to the hollow support arms.
  • Several support arms are then over uniform connection openings connected to the holding tube.
  • These connections can be conical, spherical, flange-like or sleeve-shaped. Preferably be they are designed as hemispherical, detachable connections.
  • the support arms are finally attached to a fir tree, the support tube, like a branch, where branch and tree trunk are hollow and the tree trunk is an internal source of reaction gas can record, which is thus advantageously separated from the outer reaction space, so that the surfaces of the hollow components can flow around from opposite directions.
  • the device according to the invention are on the outside Reaction space between the carrier arms arranged radially to the holding tube outer granulate baskets attached with a first reaction gas source material.
  • reactipon gas source materials are known and exist for gas diffusion processes from US Pat. No. 5,071,678 from a gaseous halogen granulate at high temperatures as an activator, a metal donor granulate and fiber, such as granular metal oxides.
  • they are in the outer reaction chamber near the surfaces to be coated Granulate baskets suspended between the support arms and in one another preferred embodiment of the invention with the support arms in several layers are arranged one above the other on the holding tube. This can advantageously in Coating up to 1000 hollow components on their outer and inner surfaces in one batch.
  • Such a device can also be expanded as desired and for mass production suitable.
  • a second reaction gas source material is preferably in the interior of the holding tube in inner granule baskets arranged.
  • One advantage is that if the source material is the same, the Surfaces flow around from two directions and thus at high flow speeds Windward and leeward effects on obstacles and sharp edges largely compensated become.
  • different reaction source material can preferably also be used be used so that, for example, predominantly on the inner surfaces Chromium is deposited when the inner granule baskets contain a chromium-containing reaction gas source wear and on the outer surfaces a predominantly aluminum-containing Coating takes place when the outer granule baskets in the outer reaction chamber contain aluminum Have donor granules.
  • the holding tube is standing preferably centrally on the bottom of the reaction vessel and the bottom of the reaction vessel has at least a first inlet or outlet opening for the outer reaction space and at least one second inlet or outlet opening for the interior of the holding tube.
  • Fig. 1 shows a portion of an inventive device for performing the inventive method.
  • these are arranged in support arms 1 to 60, so that the hollow components 100 are located between two reaction gas sources 201 to 280 and 290.
  • This Reaction gas sources 201 to 280 and 290 provide two reaction gas mixtures (I, II) for treatment of the outer and inner surfaces of the hollow components 100, a first Reaction gas mixture (I) of the first reaction gas source 201 to 280 in an outer reaction space 110 in the direction of arrow A over the outer surfaces and then over the inner surfaces Surfaces of the components 100 and a second reaction gas mixture (II) of the second Reaction gas source 290 in a second reaction space 120 in the direction of arrow B initially over the inner surfaces and then over the outer surfaces of the components 100 becomes.
  • the direction of the reaction gas flows can be staggered in time between the flow directions A and B are changed several times to apply to outer and inner surfaces of complex-shaped components 100 in direction A or B windward and leeward effects on obstacles and to compensate for sharp edges of the hollow components 100.
  • reaction gas sources can also be the outer or inner reaction space 110, 120 be connected upstream and via the supply openings 111 and 121 in the bottom 131 of the reaction container
  • Reaction gases such as halogen-containing gases, which are preferably used for cleaning the serve outer and / or inner surfaces.
  • hydrogen-containing reducing gases become external sources via external openings 111 and 121 and / or internal surfaces for reducing sulfidic or oxidic deposits, being on at least one of the two granule basket assemblies as the positions 01 to 280 or position 290 can be dispensed with.
  • the device for the preparation and / or coating of the surfaces of hollow metallic components 100 is only for components that have at least two connection openings 103, 104 between their outer and inner surfaces.
  • a first connection opening 103 of component 100 is connected to outer reaction space 110.
  • a second connection opening 104 is via the hollow support arm 1 to 60 with the interior a holding tube 105 connected, which in this example also serves as an inner reaction space 120 serves.
  • reaction gas from the first reaction gas source 201 to 280 can be extracted from the outer reaction tubes 110 first over the outer surfaces and then over the first Connection opening 103 to the inner surfaces of the components 100 and via the support arms Flow 1 to 60 to the interior of the holding tube 105 in the direction of arrow A.
  • the hollow components 100 are in the hollow with their second connecting opening 104 Support arm 1 to 60 attached and sealed.
  • This seal is made with a sealant 108, such as a sintered mass, wherein, for example, a lower end 106 of the hollow component 100 with the second connection opening 104 into the cavity 107 of the support arm 1 to 60 protrudes and is kept free of sealant 108 in the opening area.
  • the hollow support arms are detachably connected radially outward to the central holding tube 105.
  • the detachable Compound 109 consists of a conical, spherical, hemispherical or flange-like seat 112, which has a pawl-like locking device 113, which is a quick Hanging the support pan 1 to 60 on the central hollow tube 105 allows.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of a sectional plane CC of a layer made of granulate baskets 201 to 220 and support arms 1 to 20 of the device according to the invention.
  • the pellet baskets 201 to 280 with a first reaction gas source material are in this example with donor granules and Activator granules are filled and are used for a gas diffusion coating between the support arms 1 to 20 suspended and almost completely surround the outer surface to be coated Surfaces of the hollow components 100. They first supply the outer surfaces of the hollow components 100 with reaction gases.
  • a central pellet basket 290 with a second reaction gas source material in pellet form is arranged in the middle of the holding tube 105. It supplies through connection openings 115 to the cavities 107 of the support arms 1 to 20 and via the second ones shown in FIG. 1 Connection openings 104 in the hollow components 100 first the inner surfaces of the Hollow components 100 with reaction gases for a gas diffusion coating. Then the stream Reaction gases via the first connection opening 103 shown in FIG. 1 to the outer surfaces in the direction of arrow B.
  • Carrier arms 1 to 60 and granule baskets 201 to 280 can, as shown in FIG. 1, in several layers be connected or fastened one above the other on the holding tube 105. In this example three layers, each with 20 support arms 1 to 60 and 20 granulate baskets 201 to 280 on the Holding tube 105 connected or attached. In this example, each support arm takes 4 Hollow components so that 240 hollow components 100 are cleaned and coated at the same time can.
  • the bottom 131 of the reaction container 130 has in addition to the supply openings in the outside R reliesraum 110 and in the inner reaction space 120 discharge opening 116 and 122 in outer or inner reaction space 110 or 120.
  • Fig. 3 shows a hollow blade 300, which is for use in the device according to the invention and is suitable in the method according to the invention.
  • the hollow blade 300 is used in turbo engines used and is against corrosion and oxygen embrittlement by the to protect aggressive gases in the flow channel of the turbo engine.
  • These hollow blades 300 on their front edges 301 and / or on their rear edges 302 first connection bores 303 and 304, respectively, which connect the outer surfaces 305 to the inner ones Join surfaces 306.
  • these hollow blades 300 have a blade root 317 whose outer surfaces 318 are to be protected from stratification.
  • second connection openings 313 and 314 through which, for example, during operation Cooling air can occur, which acts as a cooling air film on the front and / or rear edges 301 or 302 can flow out through the cooling film bores 303 and 304.
  • Cooling air can occur, which acts as a cooling air film on the front and / or rear edges 301 or 302 can flow out through the cooling film bores 303 and 304.
  • Taking advantage of this Openings can be a cleaning and / or coating gas with the help of the invention Device and according to the inventive method in the direction A and Flow through the surfaces of the blade 300 in direction B when the blade 300 is gas-tight is connected to a support arm 1 of the device.
  • the support arm from a hollow profile with attached holding and support device 310 for the Hollow blade 300 into which the blade root 317 is inserted and then with a Sealant 108, which is a sintered mass in this example, is enclosed so that the Openings 313 and 314 of the blade root 317 are connected to the cavity 307 of the support arm 1 are.
  • the interior of the hollow blade is structured in narrow channels so that the reaction gases can be deflected several times, and windward and leeward effects only through minimal flow rates be reduced. Only by switching the flow direction according to the invention from arrow direction A to arrow direction B and vice versa, the Windward and leeward effects at the sharp deflection points compensated.
  • An impoverishment of the Sources of reaction gas on reaction components is reduced and enrichment is increased Reaction components, in particular in the interior of the hollow blade, are achieved by the inventive method Process causes so that more uniform cleaning effects and more uniform Coating results than with conventional devices and methods become.
  • the base area of the turbine blade 300 is first provided with an Al 2 O 3 layer by immersion in a slip suspension, which essentially consists of Al 2 O 3 powder and an aqueous solution.
  • a slip suspension which essentially consists of Al 2 O 3 powder and an aqueous solution.
  • four blades 300 are placed on holding and supporting devices 310, which are located on the support arms 1 to 60 of the device according to the invention.
  • Each support arm 1 to 60 is then filled with a powder filling 308 made of nickel-based powder and Al 2 O 3 powder.
  • this powder fill 308 seals the blade root region by sintering together to form a sintered mass during later heating and protects the outer surfaces 318 of the blade root 317 from a coating.
  • the support arms 1 to 60 prepared in this way outside the reaction container 130 are then suspended in the central holding tube 105.
  • the conical or hemispherical connecting pins of the support arms are also brushed with Al 2 O 3 slip to seal minor gaps.
  • Granulate baskets are made between the support arms in every position Perforated sheet suspended.
  • These contain aluminum donor granules as reaction gas sources an Al / Cr alloy and a granulate made of aluminum fluoride as an activator dispenser.
  • 600 g of aluminum donor granules and 10 g of activator granules are used per scoop used. Part of this granulate is used as a second reaction gas source 290 in a granulate basket filled inside the holding tube.
  • the Christmas tree charging carrier is on the base of a retort hood oven, the holding tube 105 the central trunk of the Fir tree charging carrier forms.
  • the central trunk has an inlet 121 and an outlet 122 through the retort base.
  • the outer space has in this example two leads 111 and two leads 116.
  • a flow rate of 4000 l / h Ar is flushed through the opening 122 in the direction opposite the arrow A through the fir tree trunk via the hollow components into the first reaction chamber 110, the retort chamber.
  • a holding temperature of 1050 ° C. is reached, the flow is changed and a carrier gas quantity of 40 l / h H 2 is pumped from the retort space in the direction of arrow A into the fir tree trunk.
  • the gas flow is fed into the system in the opposite direction B via the opening 121, so that an H 2 gas flow of 40 l / h for two further hours now flows through the reaction gas source 290 in the direction B.
  • the opening 122 is finally fed with Ar as the inert gas against the flow direction A.
  • This example uses a combined pre-cleaning of the inner surfaces of a turbine blade with subsequent coating of the outer and inner surfaces of a Turbine blade made of a similar material as in Example 1.
  • Internal cleaning of this type may be necessary because with the usual pre-cleaning only the outer surfaces safe from mold residues and reaction products between Blade material and mold material can be exempted. Through reactions from the inner Surfaces with the core material when pouring a shovel can leave partial residue remain on the inner surfaces that hinder diffusion coating or entirely prevent so that weak spots in the hot gas oxidation and corrosion protection layer in Inside the hollow blades 300 can occur.
  • a turbine blade made of a nickel-based alloy of the composition (Rene 142) Co 11.45-12.05% by weight Cr 6.6 - 7.0% by weight Ti Max. - 0.02% by weight Al 5.94-6.3% by weight W 4.7 - 5.1% by weight Mon 1.3 - 1.7% by weight Fe Max. 0.2% by weight Hf 1.3 - 1.7% by weight C. 0.1-0.14% by weight re 2.6 - 3.0% by weight
  • the casting material is cleaned and coated at the same process temperature so that the cleaned inner surfaces do not cover with oxide again.
  • the turbine blades are connected to the central holding tube, five each per support arm and a batch of 300 blades spread over three layers.
  • Rtorte and heating hood are put over the Christmas tree batch and by pumping and rinsing an argon protective atmosphere is created.
  • the argon flow is 2000 l / h at Do the washing up.
  • the retort is then heated to 750 ° C to 1040 ° C under argon.
  • an H 2 flow of 4000 l / h flows first through the opening 122 along the inner surfaces of the hollow blade and then over the outer surfaces of the hollow blade.
  • a mixture of HF and H 2 is introduced into the fir tree via the opening 122 for a period of 2 hours.
  • the reaction gas mixture consists of HF with 0.5 l / h per blade and H 2 with 5 l / h per blade.
  • hydrogen circulates in the outer reaction space at 40 l / h per scoop, which is introduced through opening 111 and discharged through opening 116.
  • a pressure ratio is maintained so that the process pressure in the first reaction space or in the retort space is 5 to 30 hPa below the process pressure in the holding tube or distributor stem.
  • the HF supply is switched off and flushed with H 2 (5 l / h per scoop) for a further 0.25 hours.
  • the gas flow is then reversed.
  • a reaction gas mixture of AlF, AlF 3 and H 2 (with 20 l / h per blade) is now passed in direction A first over the outer and then over the inner surfaces of the hollow blades.
  • coating is carried out in the opposite direction B for two more hours.
  • the reaction gas is first passed over the inner surfaces and then passed over the outer surfaces via the inner reaction gas source through the support arms via the second connection openings in the hollow blades.
  • the batch cools down, the batch is flushed with Ar against the flow direction A, the argon initially flowing over the inner surfaces of the hollow blades and then over the outer surfaces of the hollow blades via the opening 122 when the opening 121 is closed.
  • the result is a defect-free inner coating with high uniformity of the inner layer thickness.
  • a hollow blade is coated on the outside and inside, which has an extreme length of has more than 500 mm for the inner cooling channels.
  • the first reaction gas source with granules is an aluminum donor alloy equipped and the second reaction source with a donor alloy and the granules of a halogen activator.
  • the argon flow is low in the direction of arrow A the device is heated up to 1040 ° C until the entire activator is present in gaseous form in the second reaction space. Only then is the flow for one controlled for half an hour so that the reaction gases flow in direction B.
  • this Sufficient activator gas passes through the internal surfaces of the components in the period first reaction space to a reaction gas in reaction with the donor metal granules form, now after 30 minutes in the opposite direction to A only over the outer surfaces flows and then coated the inner surfaces.
  • the coating thickness could be made more uniform be increased.
  • a high content of aluminum halides is needed to solve the coating problems the reaction gas called aluminum activity.
  • the impoverishment of aluminum halides in the reaction gas and thus the decrease in aluminum activity however, with conventional run-over by deposition of aluminum on the surfaces of the hollow components considerably. With the method according to the invention, this impoverishment becomes reduced so that a high aluminum activity can be maintained and thus can problematic superalloys, on which aluminum by means of gas diffusion coating Conventional types that are difficult or impossible to apply are also satisfactory be coated from the inside.
  • turbine guide vanes with the following alloy composition (X 40) Ni 9.5 - 11.5% by weight Cr 24.5 - 26.5% by weight Al Max. 0.35% by weight W 7.0 - 8.0% by weight Fe Max. 2.0% by weight C. 0.45 - 0.55% by weight Rest co and turbine blades with the following composition (Mar-M237 LC) Co 9.0 - 11.0% by weight Cr 6 - 8.0% by weight Ti 0.9 - 1.2% by weight Al 5.4 - 5.7% by weight W 3.8 - 10.2% by weight Mon 0.6-0.8% by weight Hf 1.0 - 1.6% by weight C. 0.05 - 0.14% by weight Ta 2.9 - 3.1% by weight Rest Ni coated with high Al activity.
  • 100 hollow blades are arranged in 5 layers in the first reaction chamber and 1500 g per blade of donor metal granulate and 20 g activator granulate per blade are weighed out.
  • a retort hood 140 of 1.3 m 3 capacity is placed over the batch.
  • the retort base 131 has a gas supply line and two exhaust gas lines.
  • the holding tube has a cylindrical container with a capacity of 0.25 m 3 in the lower area above the retort bottom in the heated area.
  • the batch Before heating, the batch is filled with 10 times the volume of the Retort hood rinsed in direction B with argon. Thereafter, under an argon flow the device is heated from 1000 l / h. At 900 ° C is a hydrogen flow of 2000 l / h changed over until a holding temperature of 1080 ° C is reached. Then the flow reduced and switched to pressure control.
  • Pressure sensors arranged in the first and second reaction space as a measuring sensor. It will alternately with a hydrogen flow up to about 1000 l / h a pressure difference between the pressure sensors.
  • the batch After changing the sign several times the pressure difference between the two reaction spaces 110 and 120, the batch is cooled after 6 hours with argon purge in direction B.
  • a turbine blade for a stationary gas turbine is the same Material as in example 1 on the inner surfaces essentially with chrome and to be insignificantly coated with aluminum on the outer surfaces.
  • the blades with film cooling holes are for the operating temperatures of a stationary gas turbine equipped at the trailing edges. Furthermore, the blades have three inner cooling channels. It has proven to be useful to connect the inner channels with another To coat material as the outer surfaces of these hollow blades. That is why coat the inner channels with chrome and the outer surfaces with aluminum.
  • these blades are can be coated much more cost-effectively.
  • each support arm holding two blades.
  • 10 kg of chromium tablets are placed in perforated metal baskets and 5 g of NH 4 Cl per scoop are positioned in the lower area of the holding tube.
  • Another 3 g of NH 4 Cl is placed in the bottom area of the first reaction chamber.
  • the aluminum donor granulate with a fluorine compound as an activator for the outer coating comes with 400 g per scoop in the granule baskets between the support arms brought in.
  • the batch is purged with argon and up to one without any flow heated to the first holding temperature of 1080 ° C.
  • 1080 ° C there is an argon flow in the direction B set over the inner surface of the bucket of 160 l / h, the inner surfaces coated with chrome.
  • it circulates via inlet 111 and outlet 116 in the first Reaction space an argon flow of 4000 1 / h, which the outer surfaces before a Chrome coating protects.
  • the amount and the location of the NH 4 Cl activator for the alitation are dimensioned or selected in such a way that the NH 4 Cl activator is completely evaporated in the 4 hours given the temperature distribution and the temperature gradient present.
  • the argon flow is switched to alitizing the outer surfaces.
  • the outer surfaces are alitated in the following 4 hours.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de préparation et/ou de revêtement de surfaces de pièces creuses métalliques comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    a) on fournit au moins deux mélanges de gaz réactifs (I, II) par des sources de gaz réactifs pour traiter les surfaces extérieures et intérieures des pièces creuses,
    b) on conduit le premier mélange de gaz réactifs (I) sur la surface extérieure, puis sur la surface intérieure des pièces,
    c) on conduit le second mélange de gaz réactifs (II) sur la surface intérieure, puis sur la surface extérieure des pièces.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les mélanges de gaz réactifs (I, II) sont formés des mêmes composants et la direction de circulation des gaz réactifs sur la surface des pièces est modifiée plusieurs fois par répétition des étapes b) et c) .
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    au moins l'une des sources de gaz réactifs fournit des gaz réactifs servant au nettoyage des surfaces extérieures et intérieures de préférence des gaz halogénés.
  4. Procédé selon des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    au moins l'une des sources de gaz réactifs fournit un gaz réactif servant à la réduction des dépôts de sulfite ou d'oxydes sur la surface extérieure et la surface intérieure et de préférence des gaz contenant de l'hydrogène.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les sources de gaz réactifs fournissent des gaz réactifs servant au revêtement par diffusion gazeuse de la surface extérieure ou de la surface intérieure, de préférence des gaz contenant des halogénures qui se décomposent sur les surfaces intérieures et extérieures métalliques des pièces creuses en donnant des composants métalliques se déposant comme revêtements sur des surfaces extérieures ou intérieures et un composant halogéné comme activateur réutilisable.
  6. Dispositif pour la préparation et/ou le revêtement des surfaces de pièces métalliques creuses ayant au moins deux orifices de liaison entre leur surface extérieure et leur surface intérieure,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif comporte un réacteur avec une chambre de réaction extérieure et un tube de fixation central portant des bras de support creux alignés radialement par rapport à ce tube de fixation, ces bras recevant chacun au moins une pièce creuse, une première ouverture de liaison de la pièce étant reliée à la chambre de réaction extérieure et une seconde ouverture de liaison étant reliée par le bras de support creux au volume intérieur du tube de fixation pour que le gaz réactif de la première chambre de réaction arrive tout d'abord sur la surface extérieure, puis à travers le premier orifice de liaison sur la surface intérieure de la pièce et par les bras de support à l'intérieur du tube de fixation et inversement pour que le gaz réactif puisse passer du volume intérieur du tube de fixation à travers les bras de support et le second orifice de liaison de la pièce sur la surface intérieure, puis à travers le premier orifice de liaison, sur la surface extérieure des pièces dans la chambre de réaction extérieure.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    dans la chambre de réaction extérieure, entre les bras de support, radialement par rapport au tube de fixation, on a des paniers à granulés extérieurs fixés, contenant une première matière source de gaz réactifs.
  8. Dispositif selon les revendications 6 ou 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    dans la chambre de réaction extérieure, on a des bras de support et des paniers à granulés répartis en plusieurs couches raccordés ou fixés au tube de fixation.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    dans le volume intérieur du tube de fixation, on a des paniers à granulés intérieurs avec une seconde matière source de gaz réactifs.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le tube central est disposé sur le fond du réacteur et comporte au moins un premier orifice d'alimentation ou d'évacuation pour la chambre de réaction extérieure et au moins un second orifice d'alimentation ou d'évacuation pour la chambre intérieure du tube de fixation.
EP97903375A 1996-02-29 1997-02-26 Dispositif et procede pour preparer et/ou revetir les surfaces d'elements de construction creux Expired - Lifetime EP0883697B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19607625 1996-02-29
DE19607625A DE19607625C1 (de) 1996-02-29 1996-02-29 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Präparation und/oder Beschichtung der Oberflächen von Hohlbauteilen
PCT/EP1997/000903 WO1997032054A1 (fr) 1996-02-29 1997-02-26 Dispositif et procede pour preparer et/ou revetir les surfaces d'elements de construction creux

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0883697A1 EP0883697A1 (fr) 1998-12-16
EP0883697B1 true EP0883697B1 (fr) 1999-12-29

Family

ID=7786744

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97903375A Expired - Lifetime EP0883697B1 (fr) 1996-02-29 1997-02-26 Dispositif et procede pour preparer et/ou revetir les surfaces d'elements de construction creux

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6180170B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0883697B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2246805C (fr)
DE (1) DE19607625C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2145573T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997032054A1 (fr)

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US6485262B1 (en) * 2001-07-06 2002-11-26 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for extending gas turbine engine airfoils useful life
JP3716236B2 (ja) * 2002-08-09 2005-11-16 三菱重工業株式会社 タービンの付着物除去設備
DE10258560A1 (de) * 2002-12-14 2004-07-08 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum CVD-Beschichten von Werkstücken
US7026011B2 (en) † 2003-02-04 2006-04-11 General Electric Company Aluminide coating of gas turbine engine blade
WO2005103324A1 (fr) * 2004-04-19 2005-11-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede de revetement de l'interieur d'un canal traversant
GB0409486D0 (en) * 2004-04-28 2004-06-02 Diffusion Alloys Ltd Coatings for turbine blades
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US20060193365A1 (en) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Honeywell International Spacer for spacing preforms in a furnace and method for spacing preforms in a furnace using same
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2145573T3 (es) 2000-07-01
DE19607625C1 (de) 1996-12-12
US6180170B1 (en) 2001-01-30
CA2246805C (fr) 2005-01-11
EP0883697A1 (fr) 1998-12-16
WO1997032054A1 (fr) 1997-09-04
CA2246805A1 (fr) 1997-09-04

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