EP0879878A1 - Bier und andere lichtempfindliche Getränke mit verbessertem Geschmackstabilität und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung - Google Patents

Bier und andere lichtempfindliche Getränke mit verbessertem Geschmackstabilität und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0879878A1
EP0879878A1 EP97201547A EP97201547A EP0879878A1 EP 0879878 A1 EP0879878 A1 EP 0879878A1 EP 97201547 A EP97201547 A EP 97201547A EP 97201547 A EP97201547 A EP 97201547A EP 0879878 A1 EP0879878 A1 EP 0879878A1
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Prior art keywords
beverage
riboflavin
flavin
binding
compound
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EP97201547A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Givaudan Nederland Services BV
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Quest International BV
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Priority to EP97201547A priority Critical patent/EP0879878A1/de
Priority to NZ501262A priority patent/NZ501262A/en
Priority to EP98932076A priority patent/EP0983340A1/de
Priority to AU82100/98A priority patent/AU738503B2/en
Priority to ZA984365A priority patent/ZA984365B/xx
Priority to JP54997698A priority patent/JP2001527415A/ja
Priority to CA002291444A priority patent/CA2291444A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP1998/003044 priority patent/WO1998053042A1/en
Priority to BR9809679-6A priority patent/BR9809679A/pt
Publication of EP0879878A1 publication Critical patent/EP0879878A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/70—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter
    • A23L2/80—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter by adsorption
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/42—Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages
    • A23L2/44—Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages by adding preservatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/27—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption
    • A23L5/273—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption using adsorption or absorption agents, resins, synthetic polymers, or ion exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
    • C12C5/00—Other raw materials for the preparation of beer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
    • C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
    • C12H1/02—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material
    • C12H1/04—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material
    • C12H1/0416—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of organic added material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to improvements in the production of beer and similar light-sensitive beverages, in particular to the improvement of the flavour stability of such light-sensitive beverages, and to a process for producing such flavour-stabilized light-sensitive beverages.
  • the thiol radical in turn is the product of a free radical cleavage of various sulphur containing compounds including hydrogen sulphide and cysteine.
  • various groups have demonstrated the role of riboflavin as a mediator of light energy in the formation of sunstruck flavour (Blockmans et al . (1981) reference 2 , and Irwin et al . (1993) reference 3 ).
  • riboflavin-binding compound capable of binding to riboflavin or "riboflavin-like compounds” in such a way that the photo-sensitizing action of riboflavin-like compounds is disturbed.
  • riboflavin-like compounds are defined as compounds containing an isoalloxazine three ring moiety. Examples include riboflavin, riboflavin-5'-phosphate (also known as flavin mononucleotide; FMN), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).
  • flavin nucleotides are also known as flavin nucleotides; they function as prosthetic groups of oxidation-reduction enzymes known as flavoenzymes or flavoproteins.
  • flavin-binding compound must be "food-grade", which means that it must meet food safety requirements and do not affect the physical stability of the beer or other beverage.
  • An alternative might be an immobilized flavin-binding compound with which the beer can be contacted for a time sufficiently long to bind the riboflavin-like compounds and which immobilized flavin-binding compound is afterwards separated from the beer.
  • immobilized flavin-binding compounds are used the "food-grade” requirements are less severe, although it is preferred that even in this case an immobilized "food-grade” flavin-binding compound is used.
  • sunstruck flavour can be inhibited or at least postponed for some time under conditions in which sunstruck flavour would have been formed when riboflavin would not be inactivated. It was found, that the use of either flavodoxin or riboflavin-binding protein retarded the formation of sunstruck flavour.
  • Flavodoxin occurs in, amongst others, Azotobacter vinelandii . It is an acidic (pI 4.0), stable protein with a low molecular weight (M.W. 15-22 kD), which in nature is associated with a single molecule of FMN by non-covalent binding (the holoform). At low pH the FMN and flavodoxin become dissociated and the apo-flavodoxin is formed, which can be isolated from the previously associated flavin, wherein "apo" indicates the form of the protein without an associated co-factor.
  • the apo-flavodoxin of A. vinelandii is also capable of binding riboflavin and other flavin analogs.
  • flavodoxins can be isolated from, amongst others, Desulfovibrio vulgaris and Anabaena variabilis , see e.g. Pueyo et al . (1996) reference 7 .
  • Riboflavin-binding protein can be isolated from eggs from poultry, preferably from chicken eggs, as described in US-PS 4534971 (1985; reference 8 ), according to which the riboflavin-binding protein can be obtained in homogeneous form from chicken egg white by acid treatment, DEAE (diethylaminoethyl) Sephadex chromatography, and sulfopropyl-Sephadex chromatography, according to the procedure of J. Becvar (1973) Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan ( reference 9 ).
  • the purified protein may be stored, for example, frozen at -20 °C.
  • the present invention relates to a process for increasing the flavour stability of beer or other light-sensitive beverage, which process comprises inactivating the riboflavin-like compound or compounds present in that beverage by allowing them to bind to a flavin-binding compound present in a sufficient amount and during a sufficient time to achieve a measurable improvement of the flavour stability of the beverage compared with a similar beverage which has not been in contact with the flavin-binding compound.
  • inactivating the riboflavin-like compound or compounds present in that beverage means preventing riboflavin-like compounds from generating free radicals in that beverage by allowing such riboflavin-like compounds to bind to a flavin-binding compound.
  • a first embodiment of the invention is a process in which the flavin-binding compound is incorporated into said beverage in an amount sufficient to observe a measurable improvement of the flavour stability of the beverage during storage compared with a similar beverage to which the flavin-binding compound was not added.
  • a second embodiment of the present invention is a process in which inactivation of the riboflavin-like compound or compounds is achieved by
  • the riboflavin-like compound or compounds are first bound and subsequently removed from the beverage.
  • the flavin-binding compound is a protein.
  • examples include flavodoxin and riboflavin-binding protein.
  • other flavin-binding compounds can be used, which include antibodies against riboflavin or a riboflavin-like compound, especially against the light-active site of it, or a fragment of such antibody like (Fab') 2 , Fab, Fv, scFv, or variable heavy chain fragments (V H originating from a "classical” antibody or HC-V originating from a "heavy chain” antibody).
  • the experiments described in the Examples below show, that at least 1.3 ⁇ Molar riboflavin-binding protein or flavodoxin is suitable for effectively decreasing the radical formation in beer or beer model systems containing typically about 1 ppm riboflavin.
  • the decreased radical formation is achieved upon addition of at least 0.5 molar concentration of a flavin-binding compound.
  • the amount of flavin-binding compound is more, e.g. at least equimolar, or better on a molecular basis more than two, or even more than 5 times the amount capable of binding to a riboflavin-like compound, that promotes free radical formation.
  • the amount of the flavin-binding compound is dependent on the affinity of the flavin-binding compound to the riboflavin-like compounds. The higher this affinity, the lower the amount of flavin-binding compound is required to bind most of the riboflavin present in the light-sensitive beverage.
  • affinity can be measured by general techniques known to those skilled in the art (see e.g. Bruggeman et al . (1995) reference 13 ).
  • the affinity of a flavin-binding compound and subsequently the amount of flavin-binding compound is determined, or simply by testing various amounts of flavin-binding compound for example in a scale of 1:10:100:1000 etc.
  • the final testing of an improvement of the flavour stability of the beer or beverage and/or the absence or formation of sunstruck flavour is evaluated by a test panel trained in judging the flavour of the beverage by smelling or tasting or both.
  • the upper limit of added flavin-binding compound is determined by practical conditions like price of the binding compound, influence on the taste, etc. In general one will not add excessive amounts of any compound to a consumable product like beer and other light-sensitive beverages. Therefore, a practical upper limit is 0.5 wt.% flavin-binding compound per volume beverage.
  • a preferred carrier material for the immobilisation of the flavin-binding compound is a silica-type material, because such material is already in use in the production of beer.
  • other carrier materials can also be used, which are preferably "food-grade", an example of which is AVICEL R (food-grade cellulose).
  • SBA specific binding agent
  • VH and/or VL variable domain proteins
  • the SBA can be bound to the porous solid phase carrier material by a, preferably hydrophobic, linker that can have e.g. 5-20 amino acid residues.
  • Another way of immobilizing a proteinaceous flavin-binding compound is by producing a transformed yeast having at its outer surface the proteinaceous flavin-binding compound according to the method described in PCT application WO 94/18330 (1994; reference 15 ), in which recombinant DNA techniques are used for producing said binding protein or a functional part thereof.
  • the binding protein is immobilized by producing it as part of a chimeric protein also comprising an anchoring part derivable from the C-terminal part of an anchoring protein, thereby ensuring that the binding protein is localized in or at the exterior of the cell wall of the host cell.
  • suitable anchoring proteins are mentioned yeast ⁇ -agglutinin, FLO1 (a protein associated with the flocculation phenotype in S.
  • the chimeric protein can comprise a signal peptide including those of ⁇ -mating factor of yeast, ⁇ -agglutinin of yeast, invertase of Saccharomyces , inulinase of Kluyveromyces , ⁇ -amylase of Bacillus , and proteinase of lactic acid bacteria.
  • a process for carrying out an isolation process by using such transformed host wherein a medium containing a specific compound is contacted with such host cell to form a complex, separating said complex from the medium and, optionally, releasing said specific compound from said binding protein.
  • Such proteinaceous flavin-binding compound can be a flavin-binding protein or an antibody against a riboflavin-like compound or a fragment of such antibody. If heavy chain antibodies or fragments thereof are desirable, antibodies and antibody fragments against a riboflavin-like compound can be used similar to those described in PCT application WO 94/04678 (1994; reference 16 ) and PCT application WO 94/25591 (1994; reference 17 ), which heavy chain anti-bodies or fragments thereof are devoid of light chains.
  • a third embodiment of the invention is a beer or other light-sensitive beverage stabilized against the formation of sunstruck flavour by either incorporating into said beverage a sufficient amount of a flavin-binding compound capable of binding to the riboflavin-like compound or compounds present in said beverage, or by removing the riboflavin-like compound or compounds by treating the beverage with an immobilized flavin-binding compound.
  • a flavin-binding compound capable of binding to the riboflavin-like compound or compounds present in said beverage, or by removing the riboflavin-like compound or compounds by treating the beverage with an immobilized flavin-binding compound.
  • the riboflavin is not removed from the beverage, the latter preferably contains a sufficient amount of the flavin-binding compound such, that the sunstruck flavour is not detectable if the beverage packaged in a light-permeable container, preferably a clear glass bottle, is exposed to light at 40 °C. for half an hour. This exposure is an accelerated test for the storage stability of the beverage.
  • a flavin-binding compound riboflavin-binding protein or flavodoxin or both, which can be isolated from natural sources.
  • the addition of a flavin-binding compound will result in a beverage having an increased flavour stability and being less light-sensitive . It has been found that the use of a flavin-binding compound not only suppresses the formation of sunstruck flavour, but it also delays the formation of stale flavour.
  • the invention is illustrated with some Examples, in which experiments are described with flavodoxin and riboflavin-binding protein to scavenge riboflavin in beer and beer model systems.
  • the Examples are preceded by a "Materials and Methods" section including the preparation of both the flavodoxin and the riboflavin-binding protein used in the Examples.
  • A. vinelandii flavodoxin is able to dimerize due to the formation of intermolecular disulphide bonds between individual flavodoxin molecules, which can result in a loss of biological activity.
  • a mutant flavodoxin was produced in which the only cysteine residue was replaced by an alanine residue resulting in a modified flavodoxin indicated as C69A flavodoxin.
  • Protamine sulphate (ex Sigma) is a strong basic protein which binds DNA and big biomolecules by electrostatic interactions. Gently add protamine sulphate to the CFE (on ice, continuous stirring) till the concentration is 0.5% (wt./vol.). Spin precipitated proteins down (15 minutes, 15,000 rpm) and collect supernatant.
  • Step 3 75% ammonium sulphate precipitation
  • Step 4 Anion exchange chromatography (DEAE-Sepharose)
  • DEAE-sepharose column connected to a Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC) system. Equilibrate with 75% ammonium sulphate in buffer A with 3 ml/minute. Apply yellow supernatant onto the column (3 ml/minute). DEAE is positively charged and is capable of binding negatively charged ions. However, at 75% ammonium sulphate all binding places are occupied by SO 4 -ions. Because of this, the proteins which are applied onto the column do not have charged interaction but only hydrophobic interaction. In this case, the DEAE column serves as a hydrophobic interaction column. Wash the column with buffer A + 75% ammonium sulphate for several hours. Flavodoxin binds strongly to the column, whereas most other proteins will elute. Flavodoxin is eluted from the column by using a 1 Molar KCl solution (3 ml/minute). Dialyse protein extracts against buffer A.
  • FPLC Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography
  • Step 5 Anion exchange chromatography (High Load Q Sepharose)
  • Flavodoxin starts to elute at 0.49 Molar. Collect the yellow fractions and concentrate using a Amicon YM-10 filter (end volume 5 ml). Dialyse against buffer B.
  • TCA cold trichloroacetic acid
  • 0.3 Molar Tris + 0.3 mMolar EDTA 5% (wt./vol.) TCA. Allow to stand for 5 minutes in darkness, then centrifuge (10 minutes, 10,000 rpm). Discard yellow supernatant. Resuspend white precipitate in 5% TCA (in 0.3 Molar Tris, 0.3 mMolar EDTA). Centrifuge mixture as before and dissolve precipitate in a minimum volume of 0.3 Molar Tris pH 7 and 0.3 mMolar EDTA. Dialyse against 0.1 Molar KPi pH 7 and 0.3 mMolar EDTA and store at 4 °C.
  • Chicken riboflavin-binding protein is an acidic, stable phosphoglycoprotein. It binds one molecule of riboflavin with a dissociation constant of 1.3 nMolar. It is produced in the liver and ovioduct of the laying hen and is deposited in the yolk and white of eggs. The yellowish cast of a typical egg white is due to riboflavin bound to this protein (native egg white RfBP is normally only about 30-35% saturated with riboflavin). Although a single estrogen-responsive gene controls the synthesis of the protein in the liver and ovioduct, the protein isolated from yolk has a more complicated carbohydrate composition and appears to be missing seven carboxy terminal amino acids present in the egg white protein.
  • Step Protein (mg/ml) Egg White 18.8 DEAE-FF 7.5 ammonium sulphate 3.4 Gel filtration 0.15 CM Sepharose 0.69 Concentrated Apo-protein 3.0
  • ESR capillary electron spin resonance
  • Both tubes were of Suprasil 1 quartz (ex Heraeus, Nijmegen).
  • the smallest ESR tube had a sealed rubber tube at the end so it worked like a teat.
  • the sample column in the smallest tube was 1 cm above the bottom and at least 2 cm long.
  • the free radicals were detected in a Bruker ER 200 D electron para-magnetic resonance spectrometer at the following conditions: Field 3485 Gauss Sweep width 100 Gauss Attenuation 10 dB Modulation amplitude 2.5 Gauss Gain 1.25E6 Frequency 9.74 GHz Sweep time 200 s Time constant 0.2 s Temperature Room temperature
  • Riboflavin (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 ⁇ g/ml) was suspended in 1 ml of 5% (v/v) ethanol containing 50 mMolar sodium acetate adjusted to pH 4.0 with glacial acetic acid.
  • PBN N-t-Butyl- ⁇ -phenylnitrone
  • Each solution was exposed to light (8 W fluorescent tube in an enclosed light box) in a 1.5 ml sealed, clear glass GC vial for 4 hours. During this time the temperature of the sample did not exceed 20 °C.
  • the resultant light-treated solution was analyzed for free radicals using electron spin resonance.
  • Riboflavin (1 ppm or 2.7 ⁇ Molar) was suspended in 1 ml of 5% (v/v) ethanol containing 50 mMolar sodium acetate adjusted to pH 4.0 with glacial acetic acid.
  • PBN N-t-Butyl- ⁇ -phenylnitrone
  • Riboflavin (1 ppm or 2.7 ⁇ Molar) was suspended in 1 ml of 5% (v/v) ethanol containing 50 mMolar sodium acetate adjusted to pH 4.0 with glacial acetic acid. Cysteine.HCl (ex Sigma) and Isohopcon (ex English Hop Products, UK) were added to the model system to give final concentrations of 10 ppm and 20 ppm, respectively. To this model system was added flavin binder in a range of concentrations (0, 0.3, 1.3, 2.7 and 13.5 ⁇ Molar) for each of riboflavin-binding protein (RfBP; Example 3 ) and flavodoxin (Fdx; Example 4 ).
  • Examples 1-4 show that the flavin-binding property of both riboflavin-binding protein and flavodoxin in binding riboflavin has resulted in reduced formation of free radicals and of "sunstruck" flavour in a beer model system.

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EP97201547A 1997-05-23 1997-05-23 Bier und andere lichtempfindliche Getränke mit verbessertem Geschmackstabilität und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung Withdrawn EP0879878A1 (de)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97201547A EP0879878A1 (de) 1997-05-23 1997-05-23 Bier und andere lichtempfindliche Getränke mit verbessertem Geschmackstabilität und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
NZ501262A NZ501262A (en) 1997-05-23 1998-05-22 Beer and similar light-sensitive beverages with increased flavour stability by adding a flavin-binding compound and process for producing it
EP98932076A EP0983340A1 (de) 1997-05-23 1998-05-22 Bier und andere lichtempfindliche getränke mit verbesserter geschmackstabilität und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
AU82100/98A AU738503B2 (en) 1997-05-23 1998-05-22 Beer and similar light-sensitive beverages with increased flavour stability and process for producing it
ZA984365A ZA984365B (en) 1997-05-23 1998-05-22 Beer and similar light-sensitive beverages with increased flavour stability and process for producing it
JP54997698A JP2001527415A (ja) 1997-05-23 1998-05-22 風味安定性を向上させたビールおよび同様な光敏感性飲料そしてそれの製造方法
CA002291444A CA2291444A1 (en) 1997-05-23 1998-05-22 Beer and similar light-sensitive beverages with increased flavour stability and process for producing it
PCT/EP1998/003044 WO1998053042A1 (en) 1997-05-23 1998-05-22 Beer and similar light-sensitive beverages with increased flavour stability and process for producing it
BR9809679-6A BR9809679A (pt) 1997-05-23 1998-05-22 Cerveja ou outra bebida sensìvel à luz, e, processo para aumentar a estabilidade do sabor da mesma

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97201547A EP0879878A1 (de) 1997-05-23 1997-05-23 Bier und andere lichtempfindliche Getränke mit verbessertem Geschmackstabilität und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

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EP97201547A Withdrawn EP0879878A1 (de) 1997-05-23 1997-05-23 Bier und andere lichtempfindliche Getränke mit verbessertem Geschmackstabilität und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
EP98932076A Withdrawn EP0983340A1 (de) 1997-05-23 1998-05-22 Bier und andere lichtempfindliche getränke mit verbesserter geschmackstabilität und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung

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EP (2) EP0879878A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2001527415A (de)
AU (1) AU738503B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9809679A (de)
CA (1) CA2291444A1 (de)
NZ (1) NZ501262A (de)
WO (1) WO1998053042A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA984365B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006065131A1 (en) * 2004-11-22 2006-06-22 Universiteit Leiden, Faculteit Van Wiskunde En Natuurwetenschappen Method of improving the stability of hop extracts and hop flavoured beverages
US7989014B2 (en) 2003-09-29 2011-08-02 Heineken Supply Chain B.V. Beverages and foodstuffs resistant to light induced flavour changes, processes for making the same, and compositions for imparting such resistance
US8445050B2 (en) 2003-09-29 2013-05-21 Heineken Supply Chain B.V. Beverages and foodstuffs resistant to light induced flavor changes, processes for making the same, and compositions for imparting such resistance
WO2017118952A1 (en) * 2016-01-08 2017-07-13 Sabharanjak Shefali A method of sequestering riboflavin to prevent formation of skunk beer

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3909359B2 (ja) * 2001-12-04 2007-04-25 サッポロビール株式会社 電子スピン共鳴分析による緑麦芽品質評価方法及び麦芽品質評価方法
DE102005052210A1 (de) 2005-10-26 2007-05-03 Südzucker Aktiengesellschaft Mannheim/Ochsenfurt Mikrobiologisch stabilisiertes Bier
WO2024089671A1 (en) * 2022-10-29 2024-05-02 Sabharanjak Shefali A fusion protein for sequestering riboflavin to prevent the formation of skunk beer

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JPS5019635B1 (de) * 1970-07-24 1975-07-08
JPS5462396A (en) * 1977-10-21 1979-05-19 Unitika Ltd Decoloration of refined sake
US4534971A (en) * 1982-10-20 1985-08-13 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Complexation of anthracycline and anthraquinone antibiotics by the apo riboflavin binding protein from eggs
JPS60203174A (ja) * 1984-03-28 1985-10-14 Karupisu Shokuhin Kogyo Kk 保存性良好な乳含有酸性飲料の製造法
EP0434317A1 (de) * 1989-12-18 1991-06-26 Crosfield Limited Immunadsorbentien
WO1994018330A1 (en) * 1993-02-10 1994-08-18 Unilever N.V. Immobilized proteins with specific binding capacities and their use in processes and products

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JPS5019635A (de) * 1973-06-25 1975-03-01

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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WO1998053042A1 (en) 1998-11-26
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AU8210098A (en) 1998-12-11
AU738503B2 (en) 2001-09-20
JP2001527415A (ja) 2001-12-25
ZA984365B (en) 1998-11-30
CA2291444A1 (en) 1998-11-26
BR9809679A (pt) 2001-09-11

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