EP0878679A2 - Process for drying tiles, in particular roof tiles - Google Patents

Process for drying tiles, in particular roof tiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0878679A2
EP0878679A2 EP98108832A EP98108832A EP0878679A2 EP 0878679 A2 EP0878679 A2 EP 0878679A2 EP 98108832 A EP98108832 A EP 98108832A EP 98108832 A EP98108832 A EP 98108832A EP 0878679 A2 EP0878679 A2 EP 0878679A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
tiles
bricks
dryer
drying phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98108832A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0878679A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Schwerer
Norbert Bader
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0878679A2 publication Critical patent/EP0878679A2/en
Publication of EP0878679A3 publication Critical patent/EP0878679A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/14—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for drying of bricks, especially roof tiles, according to The preamble of claim 1 or 2.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method a significant reduction in drying times enables and further an improvement of a brick, especially a roof tile, provided quality characteristics.
  • the task is solved by a process for drying Bricks, in particular roof tiles, according to the claim 1 or 2 by the named features.
  • the inventors recognized that only by leaving the prevailing view among experts that Brick in the process of burning upstream Drying at once to at least 1% residual moisture, if possible to dry to an even lower value are, the task can be solved.
  • the new drying process is based on known processes in which the bricks are placed on a so-called pallet at a distance from one another and are placed in a dryer for drying, which is preferably part of the large-scale plant for producing bricks.
  • a dryer for drying which is preferably part of the large-scale plant for producing bricks.
  • the bricks are dried in the dryer only to a residual moisture content of 4% to 6%, preferably up to 4.8% to 5.3%.
  • only a so-called sliding air is blown into the dryer, preferably a tunnel dryer, which discharges the moist air and has only a very low flow rate.
  • the necessary drying heat is preferably transferred to the bricks by radiant heaters. The further lowering of the residual moisture of the bricks to the value of approx. Max.
  • Another special version of the new process now consists in that in front of the kiln used residual water dryer and / or the heating zone the kiln used for drying residual water will.
  • the new method for drying bricks is also particularly advantageous for engobed bricks applicable.
  • the engobe after the first Drying phase on the slightly damp bricks is given up before in the second drying phase the evaporation takes place down to approx. 1% residual moisture.
  • the application of the engobe on the still slightly damp Brick surface brings more essential Quality improvements for the bricks, since there are none additional swelling on the brick surface occur as when applying the engobe to one dry bricks with a residual moisture of 1% or occur under 1%.
  • Drying in the dryer is basically the main drying, those in the subordinate area, the so-called delivery area, the residual drying, which also final drying is called.
  • the main advantages of the invention include gentle drying, less Energy use as well as the improvement of one Bricks, especially on a roof tile and its Engobe provided quality features.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The bricks or tiles are dried in at least one tunnel dryer. They are dried up to a residual humidity of 4 to 6% in a first drying phase. The bricks or tiles subsequently undergo a second drying phase. The second phase takes place in a part in front of the firing kiln, with a further reduction of residual humidity to at least 1%. The further reduction of residual humidity in the second drying phase takes place at normal temperature by evaporation of the water.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Trocknung von Ziegel, insbesondere von Dachziegel, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 oder 2.The invention relates to a method for drying of bricks, especially roof tiles, according to The preamble of claim 1 or 2.

Bekannte Verfahren zur Trocknung von Ziegel, insbesondere Dachziegel, die vornehmlich in Großanlagen angewandt werden, sehen eine Trocknung der Ziegel bis auf einen Restfeuchtegehalt von 1% vor, die Trocknungszeit dauert ca. 20 bis 30 Stunden. Anschließend an die Trocknung werden die Ziegel teils engobiert und dann gebrannt.Known methods for drying bricks, in particular Roof tiles, mainly in large plants applied, see a drying of the bricks except for a residual moisture content of 1% Drying time takes about 20 to 30 hours. After drying, the bricks partly engobed and then burned.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Verfahrens, das eine wesentliche Senkung der Trocknungszeiten ermöglicht und des weiteren eine Verbesserung der an einen Ziegel, insbesondere an einen Dachziegel, gestellten Qualitätsmerkmale bewirkt.The object of the invention is to create a method a significant reduction in drying times enables and further an improvement of a brick, especially a roof tile, provided quality characteristics.

Die Aufgabe löst ein Verfahren zur Trocknung von Ziegel, insbesondere Dachziegel, gemäß dem Patentanspruch 1 oder 2 durch die benannten Merkmale. Von den Erfindern wurde erkannt, daß nur durch Verlassen der in der Fachwelt vorherrschenden Auffassung, daß Ziegel in dem dem Brennen vorgelagerten Prozeß der Trocknung auf einmal auf mindestens 1% Restfeuchte, möglichst auf einen noch geringeren Wert, zu trocknen sind, die gestellte Aufgabe lösbar ist.The task is solved by a process for drying Bricks, in particular roof tiles, according to the claim 1 or 2 by the named features. The inventors recognized that only by leaving the prevailing view among experts that Brick in the process of burning upstream Drying at once to at least 1% residual moisture, if possible to dry to an even lower value are, the task can be solved.

Das neue Trocknungsverfahren geht von bekannten Verfahren aus, bei denen die Ziegel auf einer sogenannten Palette mit Abstand zueinander plaziert sind und zur Trocknung in einen Trockner, der vorzugsweise Bestandteil der Großanlage zur Herstellung von Ziegel ist, gegeben werden. Neuartig und erfinderisch ist hier nun, daß die Ziegel im Trockner nur bis auf eine Restfeuchte von 4% bis 6%, vorzugsweise bis auf 4,8% bis 5,3% getrocknet werden. Zudem wird in den Trockner, vorzugsweise ein Tunneltrockner, nur eine sogenannte Schiebeluft eingeblasen, die die Feuchtluft abführt und nur eine sehr geringe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit aufweist. Die notwendige Trocknungswärme wird vorzugsweise durch Wärmestrahler auf die Ziegel übertragen. Die weitere Absenkung der Restfeuchte der Ziegel bis auf den für das Brennen notwendigen Wert von ca. max. 1%, erfolgt durch konvektionell angeregte normale Ausdunstung während des Aufenthaltes der Ziegel in dem zwischen dem Trockner und dem Brennofen gelegenen Bereich, dem sogenannten Zustellbereich, wobei in spezieller Ausführung in diesem besagten Bereich ein Restwassertrockner vorgesehen ist.
Vorteilhaft ist dies unter anderem dann, wenn unter Umständen von der Konzeption der gesamten Großanlage her der besagte Zustellbereich für die weitere Absenkung der Restfeuchte nicht ausreichen sollte. The new drying process is based on known processes in which the bricks are placed on a so-called pallet at a distance from one another and are placed in a dryer for drying, which is preferably part of the large-scale plant for producing bricks. What is new and inventive here is that the bricks are dried in the dryer only to a residual moisture content of 4% to 6%, preferably up to 4.8% to 5.3%. In addition, only a so-called sliding air is blown into the dryer, preferably a tunnel dryer, which discharges the moist air and has only a very low flow rate. The necessary drying heat is preferably transferred to the bricks by radiant heaters. The further lowering of the residual moisture of the bricks to the value of approx. Max. 1%, takes place by convectionally excited normal evaporation during the stay of the bricks in the area between the dryer and the kiln, the so-called delivery area, a residual water dryer being provided in a special version in said area.
This is advantageous, inter alia, if the delivery area in question may not be sufficient for the further reduction of the residual moisture from the design of the entire large-scale system.

Eine weitere spezielle Ausführung des neuen Verfahrens besteht nun noch darin, daß der vor dem Brennofen eingesetzte Restwassertrockner und/oder die Aufheizzone des Brennofens zur Restwassertrocknung eingesetzt werden.Another special version of the new process now consists in that in front of the kiln used residual water dryer and / or the heating zone the kiln used for drying residual water will.

Das neue Verfahren zur Trocknung von Ziegel ist zudem besonders vorteilhaft für engobierte Ziegel einsetzbar. In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist hier speziell vorgesehen, daß die Engobe nach der ersten Trockungsphase auf die noch etwas feuchten Ziegel aufgegeben wird, bevor in der zweiten Trocknungsphase die Ausdunstung bis auf ca. 1% Restfeuchte erfolgt. Der Auftrag der Engobe auf die noch etwas feuchte Oberfläche der Ziegel bringt weitere wesentliche Qualitätsverbesserungen für die Ziegel, da hier keine zusätzlichen Aufquellungen an der Ziegeloberfläche auftreten, wie sie beim Auftrag der Engobe auf einen trockenen Ziegel mit einer Restfeuchte von 1% bzw. unter 1% vorkommen.The new method for drying bricks is also particularly advantageous for engobed bricks applicable. In a further development of the invention is here specifically provided that the engobe after the first Drying phase on the slightly damp bricks is given up before in the second drying phase the evaporation takes place down to approx. 1% residual moisture. The application of the engobe on the still slightly damp Brick surface brings more essential Quality improvements for the bricks, since there are none additional swelling on the brick surface occur as when applying the engobe to one dry bricks with a residual moisture of 1% or occur under 1%.

Die Trocknung im Trockner ist quasi die Haupttrocknung, die im nachgeordneten Bereich, dem sogenannten Zustellbereich, die Resttrocknung, die u.a. auch Endtrocknung genannt wird. Die wesentlichen Vorteile der Erfindung sind u.a. eine schonende Trocknung, ein geringerer Energieeinsatz sowie die Verbesserung der an einen Ziegel, insbesondere an einen Dachziegel und dessen Engobe gestellten Qualitätsmerkmale.Drying in the dryer is basically the main drying, those in the subordinate area, the so-called delivery area, the residual drying, which also final drying is called. The main advantages of the invention include gentle drying, less Energy use as well as the improvement of one Bricks, especially on a roof tile and its Engobe provided quality features.

Claims (10)

Verfahren zur Trocknung von Ziegel, insbesondere Dachziegel, bei dem auf sogenannte Paletten mit Abstand zueinander plazierte Ziegel zur Trocknung in einen Trockner gegeben werden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Ziegel im Trockner in einer ersten Trocknungsphase bis auf eine Restfeuchte von 4% bis 6% getrocknet werden und anschließend in einem einem Brennofen vorgelagerten Bereich in einer zweiten Trocknungsphase eine weitere Absenkung der Restfeuchte auf mindestens 1% erfolgt.Process for drying tiles, in particular roof tiles, in which tiles placed on so-called pallets at a distance from one another are placed in a dryer for drying,
characterized,
that the bricks are dried in the dryer in a first drying phase to a residual moisture of 4% to 6% and then in a zone upstream of a kiln in a second drying phase the residual moisture is further reduced to at least 1%. Verfahren zur Trocknung von Ziegel, insbesondere Dachziegel, bei dem auf sogenannte Paletten mit Abstand zueinander plazierte Ziegel zur Trocknung in einen Trockner gegeben werden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Ziegel im Trockner in einer ersten Trocknungsphase bis auf eine Restfeuchte von 4% bis 6% getrocknet werden und anschließend in einem einem Brennofen vorgelagerten Bereich, der einen Restwassertrockner aufweist, in einer zweiten Trocknungsphase eine weitere Absenkung der Restfeuchte auf mindestens 1% erfolgt. Process for drying tiles, in particular roof tiles, in which tiles placed on so-called pallets at a distance from one another are placed in a dryer for drying,
characterized,
that the bricks are dried in the dryer in a first drying phase to a residual moisture of 4% to 6% and then in a second upstream area of a kiln which has a residual water dryer, the residual moisture is further reduced to at least 1%. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die weitere Absenkung der Restfeuchte in der zweiten Trocknungsphase bei normaler Temperatur durch Ausdunstung erfolgt.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the further lowering of the residual moisture in the second drying phase takes place at normal temperature by evaporation. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die weitere Absenkung der Restfeuchte in der zweiten Trocknungsphase bei erhöhter Temperatur durch konvektionell angeregte Ausdunstung erfolgt.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the further lowering of the residual moisture takes place in the second drying phase at elevated temperature by convectionally excited evaporation. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in der zweiten Trocknungsphase zusätzlich zur Ausdunstung bei normal er Temperatur in einem dem Brennofen unmittelbar vorgelagerten Restwassertrockner durch konvektionell angeregte Ausdunstung bei erhöhter Temperatur der Restfeuchtewert von mindestens 1% eingestellt wird.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that in the second drying phase, in addition to the evaporation at normal temperature in a residual water dryer immediately upstream of the kiln, the residual moisture value of at least 1% is set by convectionally excited evaporation at elevated temperature. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Verfahren mit kontinuierlich arbeitenden Trocknern durchgeführt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the process is carried out with continuously operating dryers. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Trocknung mit mindestens einem Tunneltrockner durchgeführt wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the drying is carried out with at least one tunnel dryer. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Engobe vor der ersten Trocknungsphase auf die feuchten Ziegel aufgetragen wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the engobe is applied to the damp bricks before the first drying phase. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Engobe nach der ersten Trocknungsphase auf die noch feuchten Ziegel aufgetragen wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the engobe is applied to the still damp bricks after the first drying phase. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Engobe vor der zweiten Trocknungsphase auf die noch feuchten Ziegel aufgetragen wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the engobe is applied to the still moist bricks before the second drying phase.
EP98108832A 1997-05-14 1998-05-14 Process for drying tiles, in particular roof tiles Withdrawn EP0878679A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19720234 1997-05-14
DE19720234 1997-05-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0878679A2 true EP0878679A2 (en) 1998-11-18
EP0878679A3 EP0878679A3 (en) 2000-12-06

Family

ID=7829445

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98108832A Withdrawn EP0878679A3 (en) 1997-05-14 1998-05-14 Process for drying tiles, in particular roof tiles

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0878679A3 (en)
DE (1) DE19821607C2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMO20120221A1 (en) * 2012-09-19 2014-03-20 C I Me S Societa A Responsabilita Limitata METHOD TO COOL CERAMIC SUPPORTS AND MACHINE TO IMPLEMENT THIS METHOD

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3689611A (en) * 1970-08-06 1972-09-05 American Can Co Method of making glazed ceramic bonded expanded vermiculite articles
DD266715A3 (en) * 1983-10-10 1989-04-12 Ulf Voigtlaender METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF FINE-CERAMIC ARTICLES
DE3507375A1 (en) * 1985-03-02 1986-09-04 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen IMPROVED CLAY BRICK MATERIAL
DE3817231C1 (en) * 1988-05-20 1989-01-05 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh & Co Kg, 7910 Neu-Ulm, De
DE3918746A1 (en) * 1989-06-08 1990-12-20 Rudolf Riedel TUNNEL STOVE
DE4020716A1 (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-02 Gail Ag PROCESS FOR THE SURFACE DESIGN OF PLATE-FOCUS CERAMIC MASSES
ATA121992A (en) * 1992-06-15 1996-08-15 Wienerberger Ziegelind METHOD FOR DRYING AND / OR BURNING BRICK BLanks
DE19516205C2 (en) * 1995-05-08 1997-03-20 Keller Gmbh Plant for drying and firing ceramic moldings
DE19702871C2 (en) * 1996-01-26 1999-03-11 Keller Gmbh Plant for drying and firing ceramic moldings, especially masonry or roof tiles

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMO20120221A1 (en) * 2012-09-19 2014-03-20 C I Me S Societa A Responsabilita Limitata METHOD TO COOL CERAMIC SUPPORTS AND MACHINE TO IMPLEMENT THIS METHOD

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0878679A3 (en) 2000-12-06
DE19821607C2 (en) 2001-06-13
DE19821607A1 (en) 1998-11-26

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