EP0878016A1 - Verfahren zur bestimmung der restlebensdauer von kontakten in schaltgeräten und zugehörige anordnung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bestimmung der restlebensdauer von kontakten in schaltgeräten und zugehörige anordnungInfo
- Publication number
- EP0878016A1 EP0878016A1 EP97914100A EP97914100A EP0878016A1 EP 0878016 A1 EP0878016 A1 EP 0878016A1 EP 97914100 A EP97914100 A EP 97914100A EP 97914100 A EP97914100 A EP 97914100A EP 0878016 A1 EP0878016 A1 EP 0878016A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- switching
- contact
- armature
- measured
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/0015—Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"
- H01H9/167—Circuits for remote indication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
- H01H2071/044—Monitoring, detection or measuring systems to establish the end of life of the switching device, can also contain other on-line monitoring systems, e.g. for detecting mechanical failures
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the remaining service life of contacts in switching devices, in particular contactor contacts, the so-called contact pressure at the switching path being detected as a replacement criterion for the erosion and for determining the erosion of the contact pieces Pressure change during the switch-off process is measured and converted as the remaining service life, for which purpose a time measurement of the armature path from the start of the armature movement to the beginning of the contact opening takes place in the contactor drive consisting of armature with magnetic coil and associated yoke.
- the invention relates to the associated arrangement for carrying out the method with an evaluation device for displaying the remaining service life.
- the time signals required for this are firstly detected by interrupting an auxiliary current path via the armature and yoke of the magnetic drive and via the contact voltage at the main contact pieces and converted into defined voltage pulses, for which purpose measuring lines have to be attached.
- Attaching the measuring lines (6 pieces for three-phase current) for evaluating the contact voltages can be regarded as problematic in that a) a spread of voltage from the feed-in side of the contactor to the load side cannot be ruled out, b) the required dielectric strength (8 kV ) leads to an increased outlay in the evaluation circuit, and c) an integration of the measuring lines in the contactor and their connection to a plug connection requires constructive and safety-related change measures.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose a method and the associated arrangement in which the start of the contact opening does not have to be determined via measuring lines both on the supply side and on the load side of the main current paths.
- the object is achieved according to the invention by measuring the contact opening on the load side of the monitored switching device and by a voltage-free signaling of the start of the armature movement.
- the start of the contact opening of the most rapidly burning contact pieces of one of the switching poles is preferably detected by measuring the switching voltage as a change in voltage at an artificial star point on the load side of the monitored switching device, from which, in addition to the start of the armature movement, the remaining service life of the main contactor - pieces can be determined.
- a voltage-free signal line is connected to the armature and between the switching device and the evaluation device Yoke of the magnetic drive of the switching device available.
- the evaluation device is therefore located on the load side between the switching device and the electrical consumer.
- voltage-free signaling is understood to be the electrical contacting between armature and yoke, in contrast to a voltage signal, for example the contact voltage at the main contacts.
- FIG. 2 the generation of the time signal for the first-opening main current path of contactors during the switching off process in
- Three-phase networks IG 3 the example of the remaining service life recording especially for a reversing contactor circuit and 4 shows the detection of the remaining service life of contactors when switching off in DC networks.
- the evaluation device 100 is located on the load side 10 between the protection 1 and the electrical consumer 20, for example a motor, and is via a first Monitoring module 101 contacted to detect the opening of contacts with the outer conductors L1, L2, L3.
- a two-wire communication line 8 connects the armature / yoke contact 7 of the contactor 1 to a second monitoring module 102 for detecting the armature opening. From the time signals supplied by the monitoring modules 101 and 102, a microprocessor 105 determines the current contact pressure and, from this, the electrical remaining service life of the main contact pieces.
- the value of the remaining service life determined by the evaluation device 100 is displayed on an output unit 106 and can be output via a bus system for further processing.
- the time signals from which the remaining service life is determined are subject to fluctuations in time which result from mechanical tolerances and from the decay of the magnetic force.
- the time difference between the time signals can therefore differ by a few 1/10 ms between two successive evaluations.
- the remaining service life of a moving average for example, it is determined the last 10 measurements. This is an accuracy considered realistic when determining the contact pressure of 1/10 mm. Incorrect evaluations when determining the time difference can be avoided by evaluating only those time signals that lie within a predefined time window.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a circuit for generating a time signal t * at the start of contact opening of the most burned main contacts.
- the essential property of this circuit is to measure the contact voltages (arc voltage) of a three-pole switching device in the three-phase network at an "artificial" star point 15.
- the electronic ground potential M can be tapped.
- the time signal t kl ie the voltage signal at the "artificial" star point 15, is processed according to its polarity via one of two comparators 18 and 18 ', the outputs of which are coupled via an OR switching element 19 to the signal output of the monitoring module for the contact opening.
- FIG. 3 shows a device for remaining life detection using the example of a contactor reversing starter with two contactors 1 and 2:
- a contactor reversing starter with two contactors 1 and 2:
- three-phase motors there are a large number of different connection conditions for controlling the speeds and the direction of rotation.
- An overload relay 210 is usually located on the load side of contactor 1 or 2
- overload relay 210 and the device for remaining life detection in a common control device. As already described in the earlier patent application DE 44 27 006 A0, this could have additional functions for monitoring the switching state, so that the end result would be a 'general' control device 200 for monitoring the entire electrical system. In the example of FIG. 3, only a second measuring channel in the monitoring module 202 for armature opening is necessary to record the remaining service life of the two contactors 1 and 2.
- a microprocessor 205 assigns the calculated remaining service life to the contactor represented by the signaling measuring channel.
- three-phase networks in addition to three-pole consumers, four-pole consumers, e.g. ohmic loads, switched to the network by means of electrical switching devices or separated from it.
- These electrical switching devices have four switching poles, of which three switching poles are connected to the outer conductors L1, L2, L3, while the fourth switching pole is connected to the neutral conductor.
- Each of these four switching poles is subject to contact erosion when the four-pole consumer is switched on and off, so that it is necessary to monitor the state of wear of all contact pieces and to determine the remaining service life depending on the most burned-off contact pieces.
- the latter is realized by measuring the switching voltage of one of the three switching poles, which are connected to the outer conductors L1, L2, L3, at the artificial star point 15 and the switching voltage of the fourth switching pole, which is connected to the neutral conductor N, at the neutral conductor N. Both the voltage of the artificial star point 15 and the voltage of the neutral conductor N on the load side 10 of the monitored switching device 1 are detected, and the differential voltage of both voltage values is evaluated as the switching voltage of the first opening, most burned-off contact pieces.
- the measuring lines are connected to the load side 10.
- the block capacitor C serves to suppress the DC voltage component, the associated limiting resistors R1 and R2 with the Zener diode for voltage limitation and in particular the optocoupler 35 for potential-free measurement of the contact voltage.
- a microprocessor 305 determines the contact pressure in a corresponding manner and from this the remaining service life of the main contactor contacts.
- the values determined by the microprocessors can be displayed directly via associated output units or else on a system for data transmission. supply, in particular a bus system, for further evaluation.
Landscapes
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19603310A DE19603310A1 (de) | 1996-01-31 | 1996-01-31 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung |
DE19603310 | 1996-01-31 | ||
PCT/DE1997/000173 WO1997028548A1 (de) | 1996-01-31 | 1997-01-29 | Verfahren zur bestimmung der restlebensdauer von kontakten in schaltgeräten und zugehörige anordnung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0878016A1 true EP0878016A1 (de) | 1998-11-18 |
EP0878016B1 EP0878016B1 (de) | 1999-09-22 |
Family
ID=7784059
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97914100A Expired - Lifetime EP0878016B1 (de) | 1996-01-31 | 1997-01-29 | Verfahren zur bestimmung der restlebensdauer von kontakten in schaltgeräten und zugehörige anordnung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6359440B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0878016B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1068956C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19603310A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997028548A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2834120A1 (fr) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-06-27 | Schneider Electric Ind Sa | Procede pour determiner l'usure des contacts d'un appareil interrupteur |
Families Citing this family (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19603319A1 (de) | 1996-01-31 | 1997-08-07 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung |
DE19734224C1 (de) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-02-04 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von schaltgerätespezifischen Daten an Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und/oder zur Bestimmung von betriebsspezifischen Daten im damit geschalteten Netz |
DE19915234A1 (de) * | 1999-04-03 | 2000-10-05 | Moeller Gmbh | Schaltungsanordnung mit Sicherheitsfunktion |
DE19948551C1 (de) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-07-05 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Vergleichmäßigung von Gesamtabbränden eines elektromagnetischen Schaltgeräts und hiermit korrespondierendes elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät |
DE10028559C1 (de) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-11-22 | Siemens Ag | Elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere Schütz |
DE10051161C1 (de) * | 2000-10-16 | 2002-03-07 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Kontaktabbrandes eines Schaltgerätes |
SE0203382L (sv) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-05-16 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | System och metod för att diagnostisera stötdämpare |
DE10260249B4 (de) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-07-28 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer eines Schaltgerätes |
DE10260258B4 (de) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-02-24 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer eines Schaltgerätes |
DE10260248B4 (de) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-07-21 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer eines Schaltgerätes und zugehörige Anordnung |
DE102004002173A1 (de) * | 2004-01-15 | 2005-08-04 | Abb Technology Ag | Verfahren zur Untersuchung eines Leistungsschalters |
BRPI0519197A2 (pt) * | 2004-12-23 | 2008-12-30 | Siemens Ag | processo e dispositivo para a operaÇço segura de um aparelho de comutaÇço |
US20070101737A1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-10 | Masao Akei | Refrigeration system including thermoelectric heat recovery and actuation |
US7310953B2 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-12-25 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Refrigeration system including thermoelectric module |
CN1328591C (zh) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-25 | 通领科技集团有限公司 | 接地故障断路器寿命终止检测保护方法及其电路 |
FR2940509B1 (fr) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-12-10 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Appareil electrique interrupteur a fonctionnement optimise |
US8958993B2 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2015-02-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Switching-device remaining lifetime diagnosis method and apparatus |
US20110062960A1 (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-03-17 | Lenin Prakash | Device and method to monitor electrical contact status |
CN101806860B (zh) * | 2010-03-30 | 2012-01-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 可调装配参数的电磁继电器寿命测试装置 |
DE102011107110B4 (de) | 2011-07-12 | 2013-04-18 | Marcel P. HOFSAESS | Verfahren zum Umgeben eines elektrischen Bauteils mit einem Schutzgehäuse sowie elektrisches Bauteil mit einem Schutzgehäuse |
CN104316794B (zh) * | 2014-10-22 | 2017-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 用于交流接触器触头材料电性能测试的装置及采用该装置测试触头材料电性能的方法 |
US10340640B2 (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2019-07-02 | Schneider Electric USA, Inc. | System and method for determining the current condition of power contacts |
CN111142015B (zh) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-12-06 | 西门子股份公司 | 开关装置触头状态的监测方法及监测电路 |
CN110988666B (zh) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-11-02 | 许昌开普检测研究院股份有限公司 | 一种用于检测继电器触点承载电压、接通承载电流的装置 |
CN111458632A (zh) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-28 | 四川汉舟电气股份有限公司 | 一种分析断路器寿命老化的方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1092101B (de) * | 1955-08-29 | 1960-11-03 | Siemens Ag | Anordnung zur UEberwachung des Schaltstueckabbrandes |
US4319193A (en) * | 1980-05-14 | 1982-03-09 | Northern Telecom Limited | Testing of relays and similar devices |
JPH03276530A (ja) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-12-06 | Toshiba Corp | リレー装置 |
DE4028721C2 (de) * | 1990-09-10 | 1995-05-11 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Ermittlung der Restlebensdauer von Schaltgeräten |
US5115189A (en) * | 1991-02-06 | 1992-05-19 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Anti-aliasing dithering method and apparatus for low frequency signal sampling |
US5243291A (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1993-09-07 | Shinkoh Electric Co., Ltd. | Electromagnetic contactor deposition detecting apparatus which detects load current and switch current |
DE4137543A1 (de) * | 1991-11-12 | 1993-05-13 | Elpro Ag | Verfahren zur ankerstrommessung im wechselstromkreis eines stromrichters |
DE4300620C1 (de) * | 1993-01-13 | 1994-07-14 | Systemtechnik Leber | Verfahren zur Überwachung des Stromflusses durch einen elektrischen Schalter |
DE4417694A1 (de) * | 1994-05-20 | 1995-11-23 | Licentia Gmbh | Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Messung der Schaltzeit eines einen elektromagnetischen Auslöser enthaltenden Schaltgeräts |
DE4427006A1 (de) * | 1994-07-29 | 1996-02-01 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung |
-
1996
- 1996-01-31 DE DE19603310A patent/DE19603310A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-01-29 WO PCT/DE1997/000173 patent/WO1997028548A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-01-29 DE DE59700469T patent/DE59700469D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-29 EP EP97914100A patent/EP0878016B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-29 US US09/117,585 patent/US6359440B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-29 CN CN97191728A patent/CN1068956C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9728548A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2834120A1 (fr) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-06-27 | Schneider Electric Ind Sa | Procede pour determiner l'usure des contacts d'un appareil interrupteur |
WO2003054895A1 (fr) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-03 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Procede pour determiner l'usure des contacts d'un appareil interrupteur |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0878016B1 (de) | 1999-09-22 |
CN1068956C (zh) | 2001-07-25 |
DE59700469D1 (de) | 1999-10-28 |
CN1208498A (zh) | 1999-02-17 |
US6359440B2 (en) | 2002-03-19 |
WO1997028548A1 (de) | 1997-08-07 |
US20010019268A1 (en) | 2001-09-06 |
DE19603310A1 (de) | 1997-08-07 |
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