EP0873440A1 - Multilayer knitted structure and method of producing the same - Google Patents

Multilayer knitted structure and method of producing the same

Info

Publication number
EP0873440A1
EP0873440A1 EP95940166A EP95940166A EP0873440A1 EP 0873440 A1 EP0873440 A1 EP 0873440A1 EP 95940166 A EP95940166 A EP 95940166A EP 95940166 A EP95940166 A EP 95940166A EP 0873440 A1 EP0873440 A1 EP 0873440A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
warp
thread
knitted fabric
sheets
threads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95940166A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0873440B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Offermann
Gerald Hoffmann
Uwe Engelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Dresden
Original Assignee
Technische Universitaet Dresden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Dresden filed Critical Technische Universitaet Dresden
Publication of EP0873440A1 publication Critical patent/EP0873440A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0873440B1 publication Critical patent/EP0873440B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
    • D04B1/123—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material with laid-in unlooped yarn, e.g. fleece fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/38—Devices for supplying, feeding, or guiding threads to needles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/38—Devices for supplying, feeding, or guiding threads to needles
    • D04B15/54—Thread guides
    • D04B15/56—Thread guides for flat-bed knitting machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B7/00—Flat-bed knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B7/14—Flat-bed knitting machines with independently-movable needles with provision for incorporating internal threads in laid-in fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
    • D10B2403/0241—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties
    • D10B2403/02411—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties with a single array of unbent yarn, e.g. unidirectional reinforcement fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
    • D10B2403/0241—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties
    • D10B2403/02412—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties including several arrays of unbent yarn, e.g. multiaxial fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs

Definitions

  • Multi-layer knitted fabric and process for its manufacture
  • the invention relates to a multilayer or
  • Multi-layer circular knitted fabric made of two RL knitted webs, which are connected to one another via a third thread system, and a method for its production, in particular for the production of semi-finished products for fiber composite materials.
  • From DE-PS 458 906 is a multi-layer knitted fabric, consisting of two RL knitted fabric webs, which face each other with their left side of the goods and are connected by a third thread system.
  • the third thread system consists of a set of standing threads which ensure the cohesion of the outer knitted fabric guaranteed
  • the knitted fabric is intended to connect two different fabric surfaces.
  • the third thread system is to better fill the knitted fabric and give strength in the longitudinal direction
  • a reinforcing fabric for resin-containing laminates which consists of a knitted fabric or knitted fabric with reinforcing inserts.
  • the reinforcing fabric consists of a large number of parallel chain inserts and a large number of parallel weft inserts in the knitted or knitted fabric.
  • the chain insert is left Bow and the weft insert are limited by the right stitches.
  • a disadvantage is that the structure is tied to a specific sequence
  • REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) To produce knitted sheets. Spatial knitted structures can also be produced by connecting them in places. According to DE 40 08 057 AI, the knitted webs can be connected by a third knitted web. According to DE 36 43 357 AI, the connection is made by at least one knitted or knitted, comparatively thin, separate intermediate thread or knitted fabric. In this type of connection of two knitted fabric halves, the cohesion takes place through the formation of handles. The connecting thread itself forms loops or loops. The knitted fabrics therefore have no stretched thread layers and are only suitable to a limited extent as reinforcing knitted fabrics.
  • the invention has for its object to manufacture em multi-layer knitted fabric of the type mentioned, which can be both thin and thick-walled sem, has high drapability and has the ability to absorb tensile, compressive and bending forces.
  • Layers of warp and weft threads are integrated into the RL knitted fabrics that delimit the outside.
  • the cohesion of the warp and weft layers is guaranteed by the left-hand bends that run through the layers and loop around all existing warp threads.
  • the end of the multi-layer knitted fabric is formed by warp threads wrapped in left-hand bows alone or together with weft threads knitted with right-hand stitches, depending on the structure of the warp and weft layers.
  • the density of the warp and / or weft threads does not necessarily have to be evenly distributed over the width and length of the knitted fabric, but can be used, for example, to accommodate parts such as e.g. Screws, be zero locally.
  • the forces in the fiber composite material are absorbed by the stretched layers of warp and weft threads.
  • the cohesion of the layers via the two stitch thread systems ensures a high drapability of the knitted fabric and good delamination behavior if the stitch thread is made of high-performance material.
  • Production of fiber composite materials is suitable for the production of other textile fabrics, such as
  • a stitch thread is presented from two sides, for example from two needle beds, to at least one warp thread family.
  • the stitch thread is pulled through in loops by means of needles and on the other side is stitched with the previous stitch thread of the same stitch thread system.
  • REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) Side (opposite the side of the first stitch thread) presented a second stitch thread transversely and processed in the same way as the first stitch thread.
  • a plurality of warp thread sheets are fed between the two knitted fabric sheets.
  • a limit is due to the constructive shape, e.g. the needle size.
  • individual weft threads can be placed between or on the side of the warp thread coulters between the knitting courses.
  • Warp and weft threads can be guided almost unlimitedly in any direction and change to other levels.
  • the direction is essentially determined by the force curve in the fiber composite material or by locations with special reinforcement.
  • the advantage of the invention is that a large number of warp and weft threads are connected by two stitch threads. This ensures a high drapability of the knitted fabric with securing the bond between the layers.
  • the knitted fabric is therefore particularly suitable for the production of fiber composite materials.
  • Fig. 1 is a representation to illustrate the method with warp and two needles
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a multi-layer knitted fabric with 2 layers of warp threads and 3 layers of weft threads
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a multi-layer knitted fabric with an extended warp thread layer
  • Fig. 4 with a top view of a multi-layer knitted fabric
  • FIG. 5 shows a top view according to FIG. 4 with an additional layer of stretched weft threads and different weft thread densities
  • Fig. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 4 with weft threads passed around the release
  • Fig. 7 is an illustration to illustrate the method with 2 warp threads and 3 weft threads
  • Fig. 8 is a representation with a variable design of the weft layers
  • Fig. 1 the method with warp thread and two needles is shown with its two sub-cycles offset in time.
  • the needles 1 a of the front needle bed 2 a in the second partial cycle, the needles 1 b of the rear needle bed 2 b are moved in their longitudinal direction by knitting lock mechanisms (not shown here).
  • the needle heads of each needle la, lb penetrate the warp thread sheet 4 m height of the warp thread guide tubes 3 alternately completely during the upward movement of the needle la, lb, the half stitch 5a, 6a reaches the needle shaft and thereby opens the needle tongue.
  • the knitting thread 5 of the one stitch thread system m becomes the opened needle head of the needle 1 a and thus behind the warp thread family 4
  • REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) placed .
  • the knitting thread 6, not shown here, of the other mesh thread system m is placed over the opened needle head of the needle 1a and thus in front of the warp thread family 4.
  • the stitch thread 5, 6 m is drawn in the form of loops between the warp threads of the warp thread family 4, the half stitch 5a, 6a closing the needle tongue, sliding over it and over the closed needle head on the other side of the Warp thread sheet 4 is knocked off.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section through a multi-layer knitted fabric which can be produced by the method according to the invention.
  • the individual layers are formed from weft threads 7a, 7b, 7c and warp threads 4a, 4b, their arrangement and order being freely selectable.
  • the connection of both stitch thread systems is carried out by two warp thread sets in that the left-hand stitch bow 5a of the emen
  • Knitting thread system 5 in front of the front warp thread sheet 4a and the left-hand stitch bows 6a of the other stitch thread system 6 are arranged behind the rear warp thread sheet 4b smd.
  • Fig. 3 shows a plan view of a multi-layer knitted fabric with an extended warp thread layer. Only the upper warp thread group is visible in the figure. Additional groups can be arranged behind it. From the figure it can be seen how the warp threads are encompassed by the left-hand arches of the stitch thread.
  • REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) Warp threads that are suitable for holding parts such as screws. The cohesion at this point is ensured by the two mesh threads. Complete breakthroughs can be created by reassigning the half stitches.
  • the knitted fabric is reinforced by an additional layer of weft threads.
  • the weft threads are held by the warp threads and the right mesh of a knitted fabric.
  • the spacing of the weft threads can be varied.
  • the weft is guided around the release in FIG. 4.
  • the weft thread is continued in the original laying direction, the other in the opposite direction.
  • the weft threads thus create a reinforcement around the release.
  • Such a solution is appropriate when this point is exposed to particularly high loads.
  • 7 is a further illustration to illustrate the method. It is shown how the connection of the two knitted fabrics and the warp and weft layers takes place when 2 warp thread sheets and 3 layers of weft threads are fed.
  • Fig. 8 shows possible courses of the weft layers, which are generated by changing between the planes determined by the warp yarn sheets.

Abstract

A multilayer knitted structure includes two knitted webs which are interconnected by a third thread system. The two knitted webs are held together by at least one bundle of warp threads, and is suited for use in producing semi-finished structures for fiber composites. The thickness of the multilayer knitted structure can be increased by further warp thread bundles and additional weft threads. The warp and weft threads are advantageously configured to run according to the stress applied, for example, in the fiber composite.

Description

Mehrlagengestrick und Verfahren zu seiner HerstellungMulti-layer knitted fabric and process for its manufacture
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Mehrlagenflach- oderThe invention relates to a multilayer or
Mehrlagenrundgestrick aus zwei RL-Gestrickbahnen, die über em drittes Fadensystem miteinander verbunden smd, sowie em Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Halbzeugen für Faserverbundwerkstoffe.Multi-layer circular knitted fabric made of two RL knitted webs, which are connected to one another via a third thread system, and a method for its production, in particular for the production of semi-finished products for fiber composite materials.
Durch die DE-PS 458 906 ist em Mehrlagengestrick, bestehend aus zwei RL-Gestrickbahnen, die mit ihren linken Warenseiten einander zugewandt sind und durch em drittes Fadensystem verbunden sind, bekannt Bei diesem Gestrick besteht das dritte Fadensystem aus emer Stehfadenschar, welche den Zusammenhalt der äußeren Gestrickbahnen gewahrleistet Die Strickware ist zum Verbinden von zwei verschiedenen Warenflachen vorgesehen Das dritte Fadensystem soll das Gestrick besser ausfüllen und Festigkeit m Längsrichtung gebenFrom DE-PS 458 906 is a multi-layer knitted fabric, consisting of two RL knitted fabric webs, which face each other with their left side of the goods and are connected by a third thread system. In this knitted fabric, the third thread system consists of a set of standing threads which ensure the cohesion of the outer knitted fabric guaranteed The knitted fabric is intended to connect two different fabric surfaces. The third thread system is to better fill the knitted fabric and give strength in the longitudinal direction
Nach DE 29 27 414 AI ist em Verstarkungsgestrick für harzhaltige Laminate bekannt, das aus einem Gewirk oder Gestrick mit Verstarkungsemlagen besteht Das Verstarkungsgestrick besteht aus einer Vielzahl parallel verlaufender Ketteinlagen und einer Vielzahl parallel verlaufender Schußeinlagen m der Wirk- oder Strickware Die Ketteinlage wird von den linken Bogen und die Schußeinlage von den rechten Maschen begrenzt Nachteilig ist der an eine bestimmte Reihenfolge gebundene Aufbau Außerdem ist em Verstarkungstextil mit beanspruchungsgerecht orientierten Verstarkungsfaden nicht oder nur bedingt herstellbarAccording to DE 29 27 414 AI, a reinforcing fabric for resin-containing laminates is known, which consists of a knitted fabric or knitted fabric with reinforcing inserts. The reinforcing fabric consists of a large number of parallel chain inserts and a large number of parallel weft inserts in the knitted or knitted fabric. The chain insert is left Bow and the weft insert are limited by the right stitches. A disadvantage is that the structure is tied to a specific sequence
Es ist weiterhin bekannt, auf Strickmaschinen mittels zweier Nadelbetten gleichzeitig parallel zueinander zwei getrennteIt is also known to use two needle beds to knit two separate ones simultaneously in parallel on knitting machines
ERSATZBLAπ(REGEL26) Gestrickbahnen herzustellen. Durch stellenweise Verbindung miteinander lassen sich auch räumliche Gestrickgebilde herstellen. Die Verbindung der Gestrickbahnen kann nach DE 40 08 057 AI durch eine dritte Gestrickbahn erfolgen. Nach DE 36 43 357 AI erfolgt die Verbindung durch wenigstens einen eingestrickten bzw. eingewirkten, vergleichsweise dünnen, gesonderten Zwischenfaden bzw. em Gestrick. Bei dieser Art der Verbindung zweier Gestrickhälften erfolgt der Zusammenhalt über die Bildung von Henkeln. Der Verbindungsfaden bildet selbst Maschen bzw. Henkel. Somit weisen die Gestricke keine gestreckten Fadenlagen auf und sind als Verstarkungsgestrick nur bedingt geeignet .REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) To produce knitted sheets. Spatial knitted structures can also be produced by connecting them in places. According to DE 40 08 057 AI, the knitted webs can be connected by a third knitted web. According to DE 36 43 357 AI, the connection is made by at least one knitted or knitted, comparatively thin, separate intermediate thread or knitted fabric. In this type of connection of two knitted fabric halves, the cohesion takes place through the formation of handles. The connecting thread itself forms loops or loops. The knitted fabrics therefore have no stretched thread layers and are only suitable to a limited extent as reinforcing knitted fabrics.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, em Mehrlagengestrick der eingangs genannten Art zu fertigen, das sowohl dünn- als auch dickwandig ausgebildet sem kann, eme hohe Drapierbarkeit aufweist und die Fähigkeit zur Aufnahme von Zug-, Druck- und Biegekräften besitzt.The invention has for its object to manufacture em multi-layer knitted fabric of the type mentioned, which can be both thin and thick-walled sem, has high drapability and has the ability to absorb tensile, compressive and bending forces.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit den m den Ansprüchen genannten und m den Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläuterten Mitteln gelöst.According to the invention, the object is achieved with the means mentioned in the claims and in the exemplary embodiments.
Lagen aus Kett- und Schußfäden werden in die die Außenseiten begrenzenden RL-Gestricke eingebunden. Der Zusammenhalt der Kett- und Schußfadenlagen wird durch die linksseitigen Bogen gewährleistet, die durch die Lagen verlaufen und alle vorhandenen Kettfäden umschlingen. Der Abschluß des Mehrlagengestricks wird durch von linksseitigen Bogen umschlungene Kettfäden allein oder gemeinsam mit von rechtsseitigen Maschen übermaschten Schußfäden gebildet, je nach Aufbau der Kett- und Schußfadenlagen.Layers of warp and weft threads are integrated into the RL knitted fabrics that delimit the outside. The cohesion of the warp and weft layers is guaranteed by the left-hand bends that run through the layers and loop around all existing warp threads. The end of the multi-layer knitted fabric is formed by warp threads wrapped in left-hand bows alone or together with weft threads knitted with right-hand stitches, depending on the structure of the warp and weft layers.
ERSATZBLAπ(REGEL26) Kett- und Schußfäden folgen in vorteilhafter Weise dem Kraftverlauf im Faserverbundwerkstoff.REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) Warp and weft threads advantageously follow the force curve in the fiber composite material.
Die Dichte der Kett- oder/und Schußfäden muß nicht notwendig über die Breite und Länge der Gestrickbahn gleichverteilt sein, sondern kann beispielsweise zur Aufnahme von Teilen, wie z.B. Schrauben, örtlich null sein.The density of the warp and / or weft threads does not necessarily have to be evenly distributed over the width and length of the knitted fabric, but can be used, for example, to accommodate parts such as e.g. Screws, be zero locally.
Es ist weiterhin ein Wechsel der Kettfäden in andere von den Schußfäden gebildete Ebenen möglich und umgekehrt . Dadurch entstehen Fadenreserven, die sich bei späterer Ausformung des Verstärkungstextiis als vorteilhaft erweisen.It is also possible to change the warp threads into other planes formed by the weft threads and vice versa. This creates thread reserves, which prove to be advantageous when the reinforcement text is formed later.
Durch die gestreckten Lagen von Kett- und Schußfäden werden die Kräfte im Faserverbundwerkstoff aufgenommen. Der Zusammenhalt der Lagen über die beiden Maschenfadensysteme gewährleistet eine hohe Drapierbarkeit des Gestricks und ein gutes Delaminationsverhalten, wenn der Maschenfaden aus Hochleistungsmaterial besteht.The forces in the fiber composite material are absorbed by the stretched layers of warp and weft threads. The cohesion of the layers via the two stitch thread systems ensures a high drapability of the knitted fabric and good delamination behavior if the stitch thread is made of high-performance material.
Es versteht sich, daß das Mehrlagengestrick neben derIt goes without saying that the multi-layer knitted fabric next to the
Herstellung von Faserverbundwerkstoffen zur Herstellung anderer textiler Flächengebilde geeignet ist, wie beispielsweise zurProduction of fiber composite materials is suitable for the production of other textile fabrics, such as
Herstellung von Flächen mit Stoff- und Isoliereigenschaft .Manufacture of surfaces with fabric and insulation properties.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird von zwei Seiten aus, beispielsweise von zwei Nadelbetten, zu mindestens einer Kettfadenschar ein Maschenfaden quer vorgelegt. Mittels Nadeln wird der Maschenfaden in Schleifen durchgezogen und auf der anderen Seite mit dem vorhergehenden Maschenfaden des gleichen Maschenfadensystems vermascht . Nachfolgend wird auf der anderenIn the method according to the invention, a stitch thread is presented from two sides, for example from two needle beds, to at least one warp thread family. The stitch thread is pulled through in loops by means of needles and on the other side is stitched with the previous stitch thread of the same stitch thread system. Below is on the other
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) Seite (gegenüber der Seite des ersten Maschenfadens) ein zweiter Maschenfaden quer vorgelegt und in gleicher Weise wie der erste Maschenfaden verarbeitet .REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) Side (opposite the side of the first stitch thread) presented a second stitch thread transversely and processed in the same way as the first stitch thread.
Zur Erhöhung der Dicke des Gestricks werden zwischen den beiden Gestrickbahnen mehrere Kettfadenscharen zugeführt. Eine Grenze ist durch die konstruktive Gestalt, z.B. der Nadelgröße, gegeben. Neben der Zuführung von Kettfäden bzw. -scharen können zwischen dem Stricken von Maschenreihen einzelne Schußfäden zwischen die oder seitlich der Kettfadenscharen gelegt werden.To increase the thickness of the knitted fabric, a plurality of warp thread sheets are fed between the two knitted fabric sheets. A limit is due to the constructive shape, e.g. the needle size. In addition to the supply of warp threads or coulters, individual weft threads can be placed between or on the side of the warp thread coulters between the knitting courses.
Kett- und Schußfäden können nahezu unbegrenzt m beliebiger Richtung geführt werden und in andere Ebenen wechseln. Die Richtung wird wesentlich durch den Kraftverlauf im Faserverbundwerkstoff oder durch Orte mit besonderer Verstärkung bestimmt .Warp and weft threads can be guided almost unlimitedly in any direction and change to other levels. The direction is essentially determined by the force curve in the fiber composite material or by locations with special reinforcement.
Der Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß eine große Anzahl an Kett- und Schußfäden durch zwei Maschenfäden verbunden werden. Damit besteht eine hohe Drapierbarkeit des Gestricks mit Sicherung des Verbundes der Lagen untereinander. Damit ist das Gestrick besonders zur Herstellung von Faserverbundwerkstoffen geeignet .The advantage of the invention is that a large number of warp and weft threads are connected by two stitch threads. This ensures a high drapability of the knitted fabric with securing the bond between the layers. The knitted fabric is therefore particularly suitable for the production of fiber composite materials.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend m mehreren Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert . In den Zeichnungen zeigenThe invention is explained in more detail below in several exemplary embodiments. Show in the drawings
Fig. 1 eine Darstellung zur Veranschaulichung des Verfahrens mit Kettfaden und zwei NadelnFig. 1 is a representation to illustrate the method with warp and two needles
Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch ein Mehrlagengestrick mit 2 Lagen Kettfäden und 3 Lagen SchußfädenFig. 2 shows a cross section through a multi-layer knitted fabric with 2 layers of warp threads and 3 layers of weft threads
ERSATZBLAπ(REGEL26) Fig 3 eine Draufsicht auf em Mehrlagengestrick mit gestreckter KettfadenlageREPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) Fig. 3 is a plan view of a multi-layer knitted fabric with an extended warp thread layer
Fig 4 eme Draufsicht auf em Mehrlagengestrick mitFig. 4 with a top view of a multi-layer knitted fabric
Freilassung durch seitlichen Versatz der KettfädenRelease due to lateral offset of the warp threads
Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht gemäß Fig. 4 mit zusätzlicher Lage gestreckter Schußfäden und unterschiedlicher Schußfadendichte5 shows a top view according to FIG. 4 with an additional layer of stretched weft threads and different weft thread densities
Fig 6 eine Draufsicht gemäß Fig. 4 mit um die Freilassung geführten SchußfädenFig. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 4 with weft threads passed around the release
Fig. 7 eine Darstellung zur Veranschaulichung des Verfahrens mit 2 Kettfäden und 3 SchußfadenFig. 7 is an illustration to illustrate the method with 2 warp threads and 3 weft threads
Fig 8 eine Darstellung mit variabler Gestaltung der SchußfadenlagenFig. 8 is a representation with a variable design of the weft layers
In Fig. 1 ist das Verfahren mit Kettfaden und zwei Nadeln mit seinen beiden, zeitlich versetzten Teilzyklen dargestellt. Im ersten Teilzyklus werden die Nadeln la des vorderen Nadelbettes 2a, im zweiten Teilzyklus die Nadeln lb des hinteren Nadelbettes 2b durch hier nicht dargestellte Strickschloßmechanismen m ihrer Längsrichtung bewegt. Die Nadelkopfe einer jeden Nadel la, lb durchdringen die Kettfadenschar 4 m Höhe der Kettfadenfuhrerrόhrchen 3 abwechselnd vollständig Wahrend der Aufwartsbewegung der Nadel la, lb gelangt die Halbmasche 5a, 6a auf den Nadelschaft und öffnet dabei die Nadelzunge. Im oberen Totpunkt der Nadel la des vorderen Nadelbettes 2a wird der Strickfaden 5 des einen Maschenfadensystems m den geöffneten Nadelkopf der Nadel la und damit hinter die Kettfadenschar 4In Fig. 1 the method with warp thread and two needles is shown with its two sub-cycles offset in time. In the first partial cycle, the needles 1 a of the front needle bed 2 a, in the second partial cycle, the needles 1 b of the rear needle bed 2 b are moved in their longitudinal direction by knitting lock mechanisms (not shown here). The needle heads of each needle la, lb penetrate the warp thread sheet 4 m height of the warp thread guide tubes 3 alternately completely during the upward movement of the needle la, lb, the half stitch 5a, 6a reaches the needle shaft and thereby opens the needle tongue. At the top dead center of the needle 1 a of the front needle bed 2 a, the knitting thread 5 of the one stitch thread system m becomes the opened needle head of the needle 1 a and thus behind the warp thread family 4
ERSATZBLAπ(REGEL26) gelegt . Im oberen Totpunkt der Nadel lb des hinteren Nadelbettes 2b wird der hier nicht dargestellte Strickfaden 6 des anderen Maschenfadensystems m den geöffneten Nadelkopf der Nadel la und damit vor die Kettfadenschar 4 gelegt. Während der Rückbewegung der Nadel la, lb wird der Maschenfaden 5, 6 m Form von Schleifen zwischen den Kettfäden der Kettfadenschar 4 hindurchgezogen, wobei die Halbmasche 5a, 6a die Nadelzunge schließt, über dieselbe gleitet und über den geschlossenen Nadelkopf auf der jeweils anderen Seite der Kettfadenschar 4 abgeschlagen wird.REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) placed . At the top dead center of the needle 1b of the rear needle bed 2b, the knitting thread 6, not shown here, of the other mesh thread system m is placed over the opened needle head of the needle 1a and thus in front of the warp thread family 4. During the return movement of the needle la, lb, the stitch thread 5, 6 m is drawn in the form of loops between the warp threads of the warp thread family 4, the half stitch 5a, 6a closing the needle tongue, sliding over it and over the closed needle head on the other side of the Warp thread sheet 4 is knocked off.
In Fig. 2 ist der Querschnitt durch ein nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren herstellbares Mehrlagengestrick dargestellt. Dabei werden die einzelnen Lagen aus Schußfäden 7a, 7b, 7c und Kettfäden 4a, 4b gebildet, wobei deren Anordnung und Reihenfolge frei wählbar ist. Im Beispiel erfolgt die Verbindung beider Maschenfadensysteme durch zwei Kettfadenscharen dadurch, daß die linksseitigen Maschenbogen 5a des emen2 shows the cross section through a multi-layer knitted fabric which can be produced by the method according to the invention. The individual layers are formed from weft threads 7a, 7b, 7c and warp threads 4a, 4b, their arrangement and order being freely selectable. In the example, the connection of both stitch thread systems is carried out by two warp thread sets in that the left-hand stitch bow 5a of the emen
Maschenfadensystems 5 vor der vorderen Kettfadenschar 4a und die linksseitigen Maschenbogen 6a des anderen Maschenfadensystems 6 hinter der hinteren Kettfadenschar 4b angeordnet smd.Knitting thread system 5 in front of the front warp thread sheet 4a and the left-hand stitch bows 6a of the other stitch thread system 6 are arranged behind the rear warp thread sheet 4b smd.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf em Mehrlagengestrick mit gestreckter Kettfadenlage. In der Figur ist nur die obere Kettfadenschar sichtbar. Weitere Scharen können dahinter angeordnet sem. Aus der Figur ist ersichtlich, wie die Kettfäden von den linksseitigen Bögen der Maschenfaden umfaßt werden.Fig. 3 shows a plan view of a multi-layer knitted fabric with an extended warp thread layer. Only the upper warp thread group is visible in the figure. Additional groups can be arranged behind it. From the figure it can be seen how the warp threads are encompassed by the left-hand arches of the stitch thread.
In Fig. 4 wechselt eme bestimmte Anzahl von Kettfäden seitlich aus der gestreckten Fadenlage und kehrt danach in die ursprungliche Lage zurück. Dadurch entsteht eine Freilassung vonIn Fig. 4, a certain number of warp threads changes laterally from the stretched thread layer and then returns to the original position. This creates a release of
ERSATZBLAπ(REGEL26) Kettfäden, die zur Aufnahme von Teilen wie z.B. Schrauben geeignet ist. Der Zusammenhalt an dieser Stelle ist durch die beiden Maschenfäden gewährleistet. Durch Umhängen der Halbmaschen können vollständige Durchbrüche erzeugt werden.REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) Warp threads that are suitable for holding parts such as screws. The cohesion at this point is ensured by the two mesh threads. Complete breakthroughs can be created by reassigning the half stitches.
In Fig. 5 ist das Gestrick durch eine zusätzliche Lage von Schußfäden verstärkt . Im Beispiel werden die Schußfäden durch die Kettfäden und die rechten Maschenbogen einer Gestrickbahn gehalten. Der Abstand der Schußfäden kann variiert werden.In Fig. 5 the knitted fabric is reinforced by an additional layer of weft threads. In the example, the weft threads are held by the warp threads and the right mesh of a knitted fabric. The spacing of the weft threads can be varied.
Nach Fig. 6 erfolgt die Schußfädenführung um die Freilassung in Fig. 4 herum. Dabei wird der eme Schußfaden m der ursprünglichen Legerichtung, der andere in entgegengesetzter Richtung weitergeführt. Die Schußfäden erzeugen somit eine Verstärkung um die Freilassung herum. Eine derartige Lösung ist dann angebracht, wenn diese Stelle einer besonders hohen Beanspruchung ausgesetzt ist.According to FIG. 6, the weft is guided around the release in FIG. 4. The weft thread is continued in the original laying direction, the other in the opposite direction. The weft threads thus create a reinforcement around the release. Such a solution is appropriate when this point is exposed to particularly high loads.
Fig. 7 ist eine weitere Darstellung zur Veranschaulichung des Verfahrens. Es ist dargestellt, wie bei Zuführung von 2 Kettfadenscharen und 3 Lagen Schußfäden die Verbindung der beiden Gestricke und der Kett- und Schußfadenlagen erfolgt.7 is a further illustration to illustrate the method. It is shown how the connection of the two knitted fabrics and the warp and weft layers takes place when 2 warp thread sheets and 3 layers of weft threads are fed.
Fig. 8 zeigt mögliche Verläufe der Schußfadenlagen, die durch wechseln zwischen den durch die Kettfadenscharen bestimmten Ebenen erzeugt werden. Analog dazu ergeben sich die Verläufe der Kettfaden, die durch Wechsel zwischen den durch die Schußfadenlagen bestimmten Ebenen erzeugt werden.Fig. 8 shows possible courses of the weft layers, which are generated by changing between the planes determined by the warp yarn sheets. The courses of the warp threads, which are generated by changing between the planes determined by the weft thread layers, result analogously.
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26)

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Mehrlagengestrick, bestehend aus zwei RL-Gestrickbahnen, die mit ihren linken Warenseiten einander zugewandt sind und durch ein drittes Fadensystem miteinander verbunden sind, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß Lagen aus Kett- und Schußfäden in zwei RL-Gestrickbahnen eingebunden sind, die linksseitigen Bögen durch die Lagen aus Kett- und Schußfäden verlaufen, wobei die linksseitigen Bögen bis über den äußeren Kettfaden der Lagen und die rechtsseitigen Maschen bis über den äußeren Schußfaden der Lagen verlaufen.1. Multi-layer knitted fabric, consisting of two RL knitted sheets, which face each other with their left side of the goods and are connected by a third thread system, characterized in that layers of warp and weft threads are integrated in two RL knitted sheets, the left-hand arches through the layers of warp and weft threads run, the left-hand sheets extending over the outer warp thread of the layers and the right-hand stitches extending over the outer weft thread of the layers.
2. Mehrlagengestrick nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß von mindestens einem linksseitigen Bogenpaar, bestehend aus jeweils einem Bogen der vorderen Gestrickbahn und einem Bogen der hinteren Gestrickbahn, Kettfäden aus mindestens zwei Kettfadenscharen eingeschlossen sind.2. Multi-layer knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that warp threads from at least two warp thread sheets are included by at least one pair of sheets on the left, each consisting of an arch of the front knitted fabric and an arch of the rear knitted fabric.
3. Mehrlagengestrick nach Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sich die Anzahl der Kettfäden pro Bogenpaar über die Breite oder über die Breite und Länge der Gestrickbahn ändert .3. Multi-layer knitted fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of warp threads per pair of sheets changes over the width or over the width and length of the knitted fabric.
4. Mehrlagengestrick nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß zwischen den Maschenschenkeln einer Gestrickbahn und den Kettfadenscharen oder/und zwischen den Kettfadenscharen Schußfäden angeordnet sind.4. Multi-layer knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that weft threads are arranged between the mesh legs of a knitted fabric and the warp thread sheets and / or between the warp thread sheets.
5. Mehrlagengestrick nach Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Schußfäden abschnittsweise parallel zu den Kettfadenscharen angeordnet εind.5. Multi-layer knitted fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that the weft threads are arranged in sections parallel to the warp thread sheets.
ERSATZBLAπ(REGEL26) REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26)
6. Mehrlagengestrick nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sich die Anzahl der Schußfäden über die Breite oder über die Breite und Länge der Gestrickbahn ändert .6. Multi-layer knitted fabric according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the number of weft threads changes over the width or over the width and length of the knitted fabric.
7. Mehrlagengestrick nach den Ansprüchen 2, 3, 4, 5 oder 6, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Dichte der Kett- oder/und Schußfäden, gemessen an der Anzahl, örtlich null ist.7. Multi-layer knitted fabric according to claims 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the density of the warp and / or weft threads, measured by the number, is locally zero.
8. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mehrlagengestricks aus zwei Maschenfadensystemen und einem dritten Fadensystem, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß durch das als Kettfadenschar zugeführte dritte Fadensystem em auf der einen Seite quer vorgelegter Maschenfaden m Form von Schleifen durchgezogen wird und auf der anderen Seite mit dem vorhergehenden Maschenfaden des gleichen Maschenfadensystems vermascht wird und nachfolgend em auf der anderen Seite quer vorgelegter zweiter Maschenfaden in gleicher Weise verarbeitet wird.8. A process for the production of a multi-layer knitted fabric from two stitch thread systems and a third thread system, characterized in that the third thread system em fed as a warp thread family pulls em on the one side crosswise stitch thread m in the form of loops and on the other side with the previous stitch thread of the the same stitch thread system is meshed and subsequently processed second stitch thread placed transversely on the other side in the same way.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß mehrere Kettfadenscharen zugeführt werden.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that a plurality of warp thread sheets are fed.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß einzelne Kettfäden oder Kettfadengruppen m Maschenreihenrichtung versetzt werden.10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that individual warp threads or groups of warp threads are offset in the course of the course.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß zwischen dem Stricken von Maschenreichen einzelne Schußfäden zwischen oder seitlich der Kettfadenscharen auf die zuletzt gebildeten Schleifen der Maschenfäden in Maschenreihenrichtung gelegt werden und die nächsten Schleifen über den Schußfäden gebildet werden.11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that between the knitting of stitch-rich individual wefts between or to the side of the warp sheets are placed on the last loops of the loop threads formed in the direction of the course and the next loops are formed over the weft threads.
ERSATZBLAπ(REGEL26) REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26)
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the
Legen einzelner Schußfäden an beliebiger Position für den Zeitraum des Strickens von mindestens einer Maschenreihe unterbrochen wird und danach in beliebiger Richtung fortgesetzt wird.Placing individual weft threads at any position for the period of knitting is interrupted by at least one row of stitches and is then continued in any direction.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 und 11, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Kettfäden in den durch die Schußfäden bestimmten Ebenen geschwenkt werden.13. The method according to claim 9 and 11, characterized in that the warp threads are pivoted in the planes determined by the weft threads.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 und 11, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Schußfäden zwischen den durch die Kettfadenscharen bestimmten Ebenen wechselnd geführt werden.14. The method according to claim 9 and 11, characterized in that the weft threads between the planes determined by the warp yarn sheets are performed alternately.
Hierzu 5 Blatt Zeichnungen5 sheets of drawings
ERSATZBLAπ(REGEL26) REPLACEMENT BLAπ ( RULE 26)
EP95940166A 1995-12-12 1995-12-12 Multilayer knitted structure and method of producing the same Expired - Lifetime EP0873440B1 (en)

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EP0873440B1 (en) 2002-04-10
US6244077B1 (en) 2001-06-12
ATE216003T1 (en) 2002-04-15
WO1997021860A1 (en) 1997-06-19
DE4419985C2 (en) 1996-04-04
JP2000501792A (en) 2000-02-15
DE59510165D1 (en) 2002-05-16
DE4419985A1 (en) 1995-12-14

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