JP6084041B2 - Knitted substrate forming method, knitted substrate, and fiber reinforced plastic - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for forming a knitted base material in which yarns made of reinforcing fibers intersect and are arranged over the entire base material, and a knitted base material. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for forming a knitted base material having a complicated shape.

  As a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) fiber base material or a bulletproof / bladeproof vest, a knitted base material using reinforced fibers is used. As a knitting method of a knitted fabric in which yarns made of reinforcing fibers intersect each other, there is a technique described in Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 discloses a multi-layered knitted structure (knitted base material) in which layers of warp and weft yarns composed of reinforcing fibers are joined with a knitting yarn using a flat knitting machine. In this knitted base material, a plurality of warp yarns are arranged in parallel and supplied from the upper part to the mouth of the flat knitting machine, and the weft and knitting yarn are supplied by the carrier of the flat knitting machine to form a knitted fabric with the knitting yarn. Knit by combining warp and weft.

JP 2000-501792 A

  As a knitted base material, not only a rectangular shape but also various shapes are desired. In order to obtain a knitted base material having a desired shape, the weft yarn and the knitting yarn can be changed in the turning position of the carrier. The knitted base material of Patent Document 1 is knitted with a state in which a plurality of warp yarns are arranged in parallel being fixed. Therefore, the shape of the knitted fabric base material is limited to the arrangement of the warp yarns in the direction along the teeth, even if the weft and knitting yarn turnover positions are changed. Will be. In order to make such a knitted substrate into a desired shape, a post-treatment for cutting and removing the warp is required.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and one of its purposes is to provide a method for forming a knitted base material in which yarns made of reinforcing fibers intersect and are arranged over the entire base material. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of forming a knitted base material in which yarns made of reinforcing fibers are arranged in an intersecting state into an arbitrary shape. Another object of the present invention is to provide a knitted substrate formed by applying the knitted substrate forming method of the present invention.

The method for forming a knitted substrate of the present invention is a method of forming a knitted substrate using a flat knitting machine, and includes the following steps α to γ.
[Process α] ... Knitting the base knitted fabric part with knitting yarn while inserting inlay yarn made of reinforcing fibers in the knitting width direction, corresponding to the basic pattern that forms the basis of the shape of the knitted fabric to be knitted with a flat knitting machine The first knitted fabric is then molded.
[Step β] ... In the basic pattern, the base knitted fabric portion is formed with the knitting yarn while inserting the inlay yarn made of reinforcing fibers in the knitting width direction in correspondence with the basic pattern having the orientation different from that at the time of knitting in the step α. Knit and mold the second knitted fabric.
[Step γ]... The first knitted fabric and the second knitted fabric are overlapped so that their shapes coincide with each other.

  As one form of the method for forming a knitted base material of the present invention, in the step α and the step β, at least one of the base knitted fabric portions so that the number of stitches in the knitting width direction is different in the wale direction (longitudinal direction of the knitted fabric). The form which knits a part is mentioned. As a specific knitting method for changing the number of stitches in the knitting width direction, at least one of increasing stitches, reducing stitches, and turn-up knitting can be used.

  The knitted base material of the present invention is a knitted base material composed of a plurality of knitted fabrics. Each of the knitted fabrics includes a knitting yarn for knitting a base knitted fabric portion, and an inlay yarn that is inserted into the base knitted fabric portion in the knitting width direction and made of reinforcing fibers. At least two knitted fabrics constituting the knitted base material are overlaid so that the orientation directions of the inlay yarns are different from each other.

  As an embodiment of the knitted fabric substrate of the present invention, the inlay yarn includes a straight portion and a folded portion that is folded from the straight portion and connected to the next straight portion at the end in the knitting width direction of the knitted fabric. Is mentioned.

  As one form of the knitted fabric base material of the present invention, the knitted fabric includes a form in which at least a part of the knitted fabric is provided with regions where the number of stitches in the knitting width direction is different in the wale direction.

  The fiber reinforced plastic of the present invention includes a base material made of resin and a fiber base material that reinforces the base material, and the fiber base material is the knitted base material of the present invention.

  In the method for forming a knitted base material of the present invention, by using a common basic pattern paper, a plurality of knitted fabrics having the same shape but different orientation directions of the inlay yarn can be easily knitted. By simply superimposing these knitted fabrics so that their shapes coincide with each other, it is possible to easily obtain knitted base materials having different orientation directions of the inlay yarn, which is efficient. Since the basic pattern of each knitted fabric is the same, even if it is a knitted base material with a complicated shape, the inlay yarn crosses the entire knitted base material by inserting the inlay yarn in the knitting width direction corresponding to the basic pattern paper. it can. Since the knitting angle of the basic pattern may be set at the time of knitting of each knitted fabric so that the inlay yarn has a desired orientation direction in the knitted base material, the degree of freedom in the orientation direction of the inlay yarn is high. In addition, since each knitted fabric is molded and knitted using a common basic pattern, a knitted base material having a complicated shape can be easily obtained. Since each knitted fabric has reinforcing fibers inserted as inlay yarns only in the knitting width direction, elongation occurs in the wale direction of the knitted fabric. Therefore, since each knitted fabric has flexibility, it is easy to overlap each knitted fabric.

  By knitting at least a part of the base knitted fabric portion so that the number of stitches in the knitting width direction is different in the wale direction, each knitted fabric can be easily formed into an arbitrary shape. In particular, in the wale direction, the knitted fabric can be knitted in a three-dimensional manner by increasing the knitted fabric portion, reducing the number of stitches, reducing the number of stitches, turning back and the like. The method for forming a knitted substrate of the present invention knitted each knitted fabric using a common basic pattern, so even if it is a three-dimensional knitted substrate, by overlapping the knitted fabric corresponding to the basic pattern, The inlay yarn can be crossed over the entire knitted substrate.

  Since the knitted base material of the present invention is arranged so that the orientation directions of the inlay yarns made of reinforcing fibers are different from each other, it has high strength. In the knitted base material of the present invention, each knitted fabric is provided with inlay yarns, whereby reinforcing fibers can be arranged in the knitting width direction of each knitted fabric. Each knitted fabric in which inlay yarns are arranged in the knitting width direction is overlapped so that the shapes of the knitted fabrics coincide with each other. High strength. Moreover, even if it is a knitted base material of a complicated shape, it can be set as the state which the inlay yarn crossed over the whole knitted base material.

  The inlay yarn has a region formed by a series of straight portions and folded portions, thereby providing a knitted base material with higher strength.

  Each knitted fabric has an arbitrary shape by providing a region where the number of stitches in the knitting width direction is different in the wale direction in at least a part of the knitted fabric. In particular, in the wale direction, the knitted fabric has a three-dimensional shape by increasing the knitted fabric portion, reducing the number of stitches, reducing the number of stitches, turning back and the like. Even if the knitted base material of the present invention has a complicated three-dimensional shape, since the inlay yarns cross over the entire knitted base material, the knitted base material has high strength. In particular, it is also possible to obtain a three-dimensional knitted base material that is a series of inlay yarns without being interrupted in the middle over a wide area.

  The fiber reinforced plastic of the present invention is not only a simple planar shape such as a rectangle, but also a knitted fabric substrate of the present invention that has high strength almost uniformly over the entire knitted substrate even in any planar shape or three-dimensional shape other than a rectangle. Since the material is used, it has high strength throughout the fiber reinforced plastic.

(A) is a schematic view of the knitted substrate shown in Embodiment 1, and (B) is a view showing a pattern corresponding to the knitted substrate of (A). (A) is a schematic view of the knitted substrate shown in Embodiment 2, and (B) is a view showing a pattern corresponding to the knitted substrate of (A). (A) is a schematic view of a knitted base material shown in Embodiment 3, and (B) is a view showing a pattern corresponding to the knitted base material of (A). (A) is a schematic view of the knitted substrate shown in Embodiment 4, and (B) is a view showing a pattern corresponding to the knitted substrate of (A).

<Embodiment 1>
Hereinafter, the knitted base material of the present invention and the forming method thereof will be described. The knitted base material is formed using a flat knitting machine as will be described later. First, the configuration of the knitted base material will be described, and then the method for forming the knitted base material will be described. A knitted base material 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is composed of two knitted fabrics 10a and 10b. Each knitted fabric 10a, 10b includes a knitting yarn 60 constituting a base knitted fabric portion, and an inlay yarn 70 which is inserted into the base knitted fabric portion and made of reinforcing fibers. One of the features of the present invention is that the knitted fabrics 10a and 10b are overlapped so that the orientation directions of the inlay yarns 70 are different from each other.

[Knitted substrate]
As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the knitted substrate 1 has an isosceles trapezoidal planar shape, and includes a weft 71 and a warp 72 made of reinforcing fibers. The weft 71 and the warp 72 are orthogonal to each other. As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the knitted base material 1 has two knitted fabrics 10a and 10b formed separately so as to coincide with each other.

[Knitted fabric]
In the knitted fabrics 10a and 10b, the inlay yarn 70 is inserted into the base knitted fabric portion by the knitting yarn 60. The knitted fabrics 10a and 10b have the same shape, and the orientation directions of the inlay yarns 70 are different by 90 °. Here, the inlay yarn 70 of the knitted fabric 10a is used as the weft 71 of the knitted fabric substrate 1, and the inlay yarn 70 of the knitted fabric 10b is used as the warp yarn 72 of the knitted fabric substrate 1.

  As the knitting yarn 60, reinforced fibers, non-reinforced resin fibers, or the like can be used. Examples of the reinforcing fiber include carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (specific example: Dyneema: registered trademark). Non-reinforced resin fibers include, for example, nylon resin fibers, polyethylene resin fibers, polyester resin fibers, polypropylene resin fibers, polyether ether ketone resin fibers, polyether ketone resin fibers, and other thermoplastic resin fibers, unsaturated polyester fibers, and phenols. Examples thereof include thermosetting resin fibers such as resin fibers and epoxy resin fibers. In addition, a high-strength yarn containing a metal can be used. Examples of the metal material include a stainless steel thread, an aluminum alloy thread, a titanium alloy thread, and the like. When the knitted base material 1 of the present invention is used as an FRP base material, by using thermoplastic resin fibers, it is melted by the heat received in the FRP manufacturing process and does not retain the original shape of the knitting yarn 60. It is preferable because it can be integrated with the resin. When the knitted base material 1 of the present invention is used as a material for bulletproof / bladeproof vests, it is preferable to use a high-strength yarn containing reinforcing fibers and metal so that the base knitted fabric portion can also have high strength.

  The inlay yarn 70 is made of a reinforcing fiber, and for example, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (specific example: Dyneema: registered trademark) and the like can be used.

  As shown in the enlarged view of only the knitted fabric 10a in FIG.1 (A), the inlay yarn 70 is alternately formed between the front and back (back side on the front side of the paper surface) of adjacent stitches in the stitch formed by the knitting yarn 60. It can be fixed by inserting. The method of inserting the inlay yarn 70 is not limited to the method of this enlarged view, and other known methods can be employed.

  As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 1 (A), the inlay yarn 70 is a single yarn, and when a straight portion 70s is formed, the inlay yarn 70 is turned back at the turn-back portion 70r at the knitting width direction end of the knitted fabric, and the next straight line The device 70 is meandered so as to form the portion 70s. The inlay yarn 70 may be composed of separate yarns in each straight line portion, in addition to a single meandering arrangement. For example, when the peripheral portion of the knitted substrate 1 is cut into a desired shape, each straight portion becomes a separate yarn.

  Here, the angle formed by the inlay yarns 71 and 72 is 90 ° (orthogonal), but the base knitted fabric portion is changed while the inlay yarn 70 is inserted by changing the inclination of the basic pattern paper 100 at an arbitrary angle. By forming and knitting, the angle formed by the inlay yarns 71 and 72 can be a desired angle such as 45 °.

  Two or more knitted fabrics may be overlapped, and at least two knitted fabrics only need to have different orientation directions of the inlay yarn 70. Since the knitted base material 1 is configured by overlapping the knitted fabrics 10a and 10b, the base knitted fabric portion is doubled and has a thickness. As the number of knitted fabrics to be overlapped increases, the thickness of the knitted base material also increases.

  The knitted base material 1 of the present embodiment has a two-dimensional shape, but the mold on which the knitted base material 1 is attached has, for example, an upper side 11 side and a lower side 12 side opened, and a tapered tube from the lower side 12 toward the upper side 11 In the case of the shape (skirt shape), the knitted base material 1 may be attached so as to be wound around the mold.

  The pattern for knitting the knitted base material 1 of the present embodiment has an isosceles trapezoidal plane shape, for example, a pattern made of a plurality of substantially triangular hooks, and each hook inserts an inlay yarn 70. However, turn-back knitting may be performed. Even in this case, the orientation direction of the inlay yarn 70 is different.

  The knitted base material 1 shown in FIG. 1 (A) and the basic pattern paper 100 shown in FIG. 1 (B) are schematic views and show the orientation direction of the inlay yarn 70 when the knitted fabrics 10a and 10b are overlapped. It is easy to illustrate. Actually, when 10b is superimposed on the knitted fabric 10a, when the knitted fabric substrate 1 is viewed from above, the inlay yarn (warp yarn 72) of the knitted fabric 10b can be seen.

[Usage]
The knitted base material 1 of the present invention can be suitably used as an FRP base material. In this case, the knitted base material 1 of the present invention is impregnated with a resin and heated and compressed. When the knitting yarn 60 of the knitted base material 1 contains a resin, the knitted base material 1 may be additionally impregnated or coated with the resin, but this addition is not essential. In addition, the knitted substrate 1 of the present invention can be suitably used as a material for bulletproof / bladeproof vests.

[Method of forming a knitted substrate]
The knitted base material 1 of the present invention described above is obtained by the following forming method using a flat knitting machine. In the method of forming the knitted base material 1 of the present invention, a plurality of knitted fabrics 10a and 10b are knitted using a common basic pattern 100 that is the basis of the shape of the knitted fabric to be knitted by a flat knitting machine. The knitting of the knitted fabric has a pair of needle beds that extend in the left-right direction and face each other in the front-rear direction. The stitches can be transferred between the front and back needle beds, and at least one needle bed can be racked. Use a two-bed (or four) bed flat knitting machine. Basically, if either one of the two needle beds is mainly used, the knitted fabrics 10a and 10b can be knitted.

[Basic pattern]
The basic pattern 100 used in the present embodiment has an isosceles trapezoidal planar shape formed by an upper side 111, a lower side 112, and a side side 113, as shown in FIGS. Since the knitted base material 1 according to the first embodiment has a two-dimensional shape, the shape of the basic pattern 100 becomes the shape of the knitted base material 1 as it is. That is, the upper side 111, the lower side 112, and the side side 113 of the basic pattern 100 correspond to the upper side 11, the lower side 12, and the side side 13 of the knitted base material 1. The orientation of the basic pattern 100 shown in FIGS. 1 (B)-(a) is set to 0 °.

[Process α]
Corresponding to the basic pattern 100 having the shape shown in FIGS. 1 (B)-(a), the knitted fabric 10a is knitted by knitting the base knitted fabric portion with the knitting yarn 60 while the inlay yarn 70 is inserted. A plurality of horizontal lines in the figure is the direction in which the inlay yarn 70 is inserted.

  As a knitting method of the knitted fabric 10a, first, one course knitting is performed with the knitting yarn 60 on one needle bed. Next, every other knitted stitch is transferred to the opposite needle bed, and the inlay yarn 70 is inserted between both needle beds. Then, the transferred stitch is restored. By doing so, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 1 (A), the inlay yarns 70 can be alternately arranged before and after the adjacent stitches. By performing a new knitting on the one course, the inserted inlay yarn 70 can be fixed. Since the basic pattern 100 has an isosceles trapezoidal shape and the side 113 is inclined, when performing a new knitting, the knitting with a reduced number of stitches is performed. In this state, every other newly knitted stitch is transferred to the opposite needle bed, the inlay yarn 70 is inserted between both needle beds, and the transferred stitch is restored. By repeating this operation, the inlay yarn 70 can be arranged corresponding to the plurality of horizontal lines of the basic pattern 100 shown in FIGS. 1 (B)-(a). In the knitted fabric 10a, the lower side 112 starts knitting and the upper side 111 ends knitting.

[Process β]
As shown in FIGS. 1 (B)-(b), the basic pattern 100 is rotated by 90 °. Corresponding to the basic pattern 100 rotated 90 °, the base knitted fabric portion is knitted with the knitting yarn 60 while the inlay yarn 70 is inserted, and the knitted fabric 10b is knitted in the same manner as the knitting method of the knitted fabric 10a described above. A plurality of horizontal lines in the figure is the direction in which the inlay yarn 70 is inserted. Here, the basic pattern 100 is rotated by 90 °, but the rotation angle of the basic pattern 100 can be arbitrarily set. In the knitted fabric 10b, the right corner of the lower side 113 starts to be knitted, and the right corner of the upper side 113 ends.

[Process γ]
The knitted fabric 10a and the knitted fabric 10b are overlapped so that their shapes match each other. As shown in FIGS. 1 (B)-(c), the basic pattern paper 100 used for the knitting of the knitted fabric 10a and the basic pattern paper 100 used for the knitting of the knitted fabric 10b are different from each other by 90 °. And the insertion direction of the inlay yarn 70 is orthogonal. Since the knitted fabrics 10a and 10b knitted corresponding to the basic pattern 100 are overlapped, the knitted knitted fabric base 1 has a state in which the inlay yarn 70 is orthogonal to the weft 71 and the warp 72 over the entire knitted base material 1. (Fig. 1 (A)).

<Embodiment 2>
In the first embodiment, the knitting method of the two-dimensional knitted base material 1 has been described. In Embodiment 2, a knitting method of a three-dimensional knitted base material 2 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 2 (A), the knitted base material 2 of Embodiment 2 includes a bulging portion 22 that is curved at the center of a rectangular outer edge portion 21. Since the knitting yarns and inlay yarns used for the knitted fabrics 20a and 20b are the same as those in the first embodiment, the knitting method of the knitted base material 2 using the basic pattern paper 200 will be described below.

[Basic pattern]
As shown in FIGS. 2 (B)-(a), the basic pattern 200 is a bulge in which a half body of a large trapezoid and a small trapezoid are integrated symmetrically up and down with the short side of the small trapezoid as a boundary. A portion 222 and a rectangular outer edge portion 221 disposed with the bulging portion 222 interposed therebetween. The basic pattern 200 is a pattern in which a three-dimensional knitted base material 2 is developed two-dimensionally. Therefore, when the knitted fabrics 20a and 20b are knitted corresponding to the basic pattern 200, the regions indicated by the arrows in FIG. 2 (B) are knitted while being connected. In this connection, a knitted fabric portion for forming a three-dimensional portion is provided in the course direction or the wale direction, and the respective knitted fabric portions are connected. The outer edge portion 221 and the bulging portion 222 of the basic pattern 200 correspond to the outer edge portion 21 and the bulging portion 22 of the knitted base material 2. The orientation of the basic pattern 200 shown in FIGS. 2 (B)-(a) is set to 0 °.

  First, corresponding to the basic pattern 200 shown in FIGS. 2 (B)-(a), the base knitted fabric portion is knitted with the knitting yarn 60 while the inlay yarn 70 is inserted, and the knitted fabric 20a is knitted (step α). The knitting of the knitted fabric 20a is reciprocally knitted on one outer edge portion 221 (lower side of the paper) corresponding to the basic pattern 200, and turned back while changing the number of stitches in the knitting width direction at the bulging portion 222, and then the other The outer edge 221 (upper side of the drawing) is reciprocally knitted. At this time, corresponding to the shape of the bulging portion 222, after knitting the final course of one outer edge portion 221 (the lower side of the paper), a part of the knitted fabric is locked to the knitting needle and the knitting is stopped. While in this state, knitting is performed by changing the turn-back position so that the knitting width becomes narrower to the center of the bulging portion 222. Thereafter, the turn-up knitting is performed so that the knitting width is wide, including the stitches locked to the knitting needles in the resting state. In the knitted fabric 20a, the lower side of the outer edge portion 221 on the lower side of the paper surface starts knitting, and the upper side of the outer edge portion 221 on the upper surface of the paper surface ends.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 2 (B)-(b), the basic pattern paper 200 is rotated by 90 °. Corresponding to the basic pattern 200 rotated 90 °, the base knitted fabric portion is knitted with the knitting yarn 60 while the inlay yarn 70 is inserted, and the knitted fabric 20b is knitted (step β). The knitting of the knitted fabric 20b is knitted continuously from one side end (lower side of the paper) of both outer edge portions 221 corresponding to the basic pattern 200, and the outer edge portions are increased inward at the knitted portion of the bulging portion 222. A bulging portion 222 which is a knitted fabric portion for forming a three-dimensional portion between 221 is knitted. After knitting up to the center of the bulging part 222, corresponding to the shape of the bulging part 222, while knitting the bulging part 222 by overlapping (reducing), reducing both outer edge parts 221 to reduce the distance between each other Connect each knitted fabric part. In the knitted fabric 20b, the side located on the lower side of the paper on both outer edge portions 221 starts knitting, and the side on the upper side of the paper facing both the outer edge portions 221 ends.

  Then, the knitted fabric 20a and the knitted fabric 20b are overlapped so that their shapes coincide with each other (step γ). At this time, the shapes of the bulging portions 22 of the respective knitted fabrics 20a and 20b are also matched and overlapped. The formed knitted base material 2 is arranged over the entire knitted base material 2 such that the inlay yarn 70 is orthogonal to the weft yarn 71 and the warp yarn 72 (FIG. 2 (A)). The bulging portion 22 is also in a state in which the inlay yarn 70 is orthogonal.

<Embodiment 3>
In Embodiment 3, with reference to FIG. 3, a method of forming a knitted base material 3 in another form of a three-dimensional shape will be described. As shown in FIG. 3 (A), the knitted base material 3 of Embodiment 3 is continuous from the inner edge of the narrowed portion 32 and the substantially circular narrowed portion 32 to a part of the rectangular base material (outer edge portion 31). And the cylindrical part 33 which makes the direction orthogonal to the outer edge part 31 an axial direction is provided. The cylindrical portion 33 becomes smaller in diameter as it is farther from the throttle portion 32, and the upper and lower ends are opened. Since the knitting yarns and inlay yarns used for the knitted fabrics 30a and 30b are the same as those in the first embodiment, a method for forming the knitted base material 3 using the basic pattern paper 300 will be described below.

[Basic pattern]
As shown in FIGS. 3 (B)-(a), the basic pattern 300 includes two cylindrical portions 333 in which three small trapezoids are arranged in parallel so that the long sides are aligned on a straight line, and the cylindrical portions. A substantially rectangular outer edge portion 331 arranged across 333, and a narrowed portion 332 formed on the side edge of the outer edge portion 331 facing the cylindrical portion 333 corresponding to the long side of the cylindrical portion 333. Prepare. The basic pattern 300 is a pattern in which a three-dimensional knitted base material 3 is two-dimensionally developed. Therefore, when the knitted fabrics 30a and 30b are knitted corresponding to the basic pattern 300, the regions indicated by arrows in FIG. 3 (B) are knitted while being connected. As in the second embodiment, this connection is performed by providing a knitted fabric portion for forming a three-dimensional portion in the course direction or the wale direction, and connecting the respective knitted fabric portions. The outer edge portion 331, the narrowed portion 332, and the tubular portion 333 of the basic pattern 300 correspond to the outer edge portion 31, the narrowed portion 32, and the tubular portion 33 of the knitted fabric base 3. The orientation of the basic pattern 300 shown in FIGS. 3 (B)-(a) is set to 0 °.

  The knitted fabric 30a is knitted by knitting the base knitted fabric portion with the knitting yarn 60 while inserting the inlay yarn 70 in correspondence with the basic pattern paper 300 shown in FIGS. 3 (B)-(a). In this knitting sequence, first, a rectangular portion formed by an extension line of the boundary with the central portion of the narrowed portion 332 is reciprocally knitted on one outer edge portion 331 (lower side in the drawing), and then the remaining portion of the outer edge portion 331 is formed. One of the right and left right-angled trapezoidal parts, which is a portion and has the hypotenuse of the narrowed portion 332 as a leg, is knitted, and the other right-angled trapezoidal part is further knitted in turn. Then, the stitch row at the end in the wale direction of the outer edge portion 331 is set in a rest state, and the tubular portion 333 (lower side of the drawing) is knitted with a known reduction stitch toward the short side of the small trapezoid following the narrowed portion 332. . At the time of knitting each trapezoid forming the cylindrical part 333, knitting while connecting the respective trapezoids, both ends in the knitting width direction of the cylindrical part 333 (the left oblique side of the trapezoid on the left side of the paper and the small trapezoid on the right side of the paper) The knitting needle that locks the stitch on the right oblique side is set to a resting state. Next, knitting is performed with another cylindrical portion 333 (upper side in the drawing) facing each other facing from the short side to the long side of the small trapezoid. Since the upper end of the cylindrical portion 33 of the knitted base material 3 (FIG. 3 (A)) is opened, no connection is made between the short sides of the small trapezoidal portions of the cylindrical portions 333 arranged to face each other. Therefore, the end stitch row of the tubular portion 333 on the lower side of the drawing sheet is bound and the tubular portion 333 on the upper side of the drawing sheet is set up. The upper cylindrical portion 333 is continuously knitted on the short sides of each trapezoid, and is paused at the lower cylindrical portion 333 while performing known increase stitch knitting with the small trapezoids joined together. The knitting is performed by changing the turn-back position including the stitches locked to the knitting needles in the state. Following the resting knitting needle on the outer edge 331 on the lower side of the paper, the right side trapezoidal part with the slope of the narrowed part 332 on the upper side of the paper as a leg begins to be knitted, and the cylindrical part on the upper side of the paper while turning back Connect to the last part of 333. Further, the other right-angled trapezoidal portion is connected to the final stitch of the cylindrical portion 333 on the upper side of the paper while performing the back knitting including the stitches locked to the knitting needles that are in the dormant state at the outer edge portion 331 on the lower side of the paper. Finally, the remaining rectangular portion of the outer edge portion 331 is reciprocally knitted. The inlay yarn 70 may be changed to another inlay yarn at the boundary portion between the pair of cylindrical portions 333. In the knitted fabric 30a, the lower side of the outer edge portion 331 on the lower side of the paper starts to be knitted, and the upper side of the outer edge portion 331 on the upper side of the paper becomes the end of knitting.

  The knitted fabric 30b is knitted continuously from one end side (the lower side of the paper) of both outer edge portions 331 corresponding to the basic pattern 300 shown in FIGS. Then, the tubular portion 333 is knitted between both outer edge portions 331 while increasing the inside. Since the upper end of the cylindrical portion 33 of the knitted base material 3 (FIG. 3 (A)) is opened, no connection is made between the short sides of the small trapezoidal portions of the cylindrical portions 333 arranged to face each other. After knitting to the center of the cylindrical portion 333, the distance between the outer edge portions 331 is reduced by reduction, and the respective knitted fabric portions are connected. In the knitted fabric 30b, the side located on the lower side of the paper surface of both outer edge portions 331 starts to be knitted, and the upper side of the two outer edge portions 331 ends on the paper surface.

  Here, in the knitted base material 3 (FIG. 3 (A)), the upper end of the cylindrical portion 33 is open, but it may be a closed lid shape. In that case, in the basic pattern paper 300, the small trapezoidal short sides of the two cylindrical portions 333 are connected by a lid (not shown).

  In the third embodiment as well, the knitted base material 3 overlaps the knitted fabrics 30a, 30b so that the shapes of the knitted fabrics 30a, 30b match each other. Accordingly, the knitted base material 30 is arranged over the entire knitted base material 3 such that the inlay yarn 70 is perpendicular to the weft yarn 71 and the warp yarn 72 (FIG. 3 (A)). The cylindrical portion 33 is also in a state where the inlay yarns 70 are orthogonal to each other.

<Embodiment 4>
In the fourth embodiment, with reference to FIG. 4, a basic pattern paper different from that of the third embodiment is formed on the knitted substrate 4 having the same shape as that of the third embodiment (including the outer edge portion 41, the narrowed portion 42, and the cylindrical portion 43). A method of forming using 400 will be described. Since the knitting yarns and inlay yarns used in the knitted fabrics 40a and 40b are the same as those in the first embodiment, a method for forming the knitted base material 4 using the basic pattern paper 300 will be described below.

[Basic pattern]
As shown in FIGS. 4 (B)-(a), the basic pattern 400 includes a diaphragm portion 442 in which three small trapezoids are arranged in parallel so that the long side and the short side are aligned on a straight line, and the diaphragm portion 442, respectively. The outer edge part 441 continuously arranged on the long side of the 442 and the cylindrical part 443 arranged continuously on the short side of the throttle part 442 are provided. The basic pattern 400 is a pattern in which a three-dimensional knitted base material 4 is developed two-dimensionally. In FIG. 4 (B), the basic pattern paper 400 is illustrated in two dimensions, and therefore only the front half of the actual basic pattern 400 is illustrated. That is, the rear half of the same shape as the front half exists on the back side of the page. When the knitted fabrics 40a and 40b are knitted corresponding to the basic pattern 400, the regions indicated by arrows in FIG. 4 (B) are knitted while being connected. As in the second embodiment, this connection is performed by providing a knitted fabric portion for forming a three-dimensional portion in the course direction or the wale direction, and connecting the respective knitted fabric portions. The outer edge portion 441, the narrowed portion 442, and the tubular portion 443 of the basic pattern 400 correspond to the outer edge portion 41, the narrowed portion 42, and the tubular portion 43 of the knitted fabric substrate 4. The orientation of the basic pattern 400 shown in FIGS. 4 (B)-(a) is set to 0 °.

  The knitting of the knitted fabric 40a is knitted with the knitting yarn 60 while the inlay yarn 70 is inserted, corresponding to the basic pattern 400 shown in FIGS. 4 (B)-(a). In this knitting sequence, first, the outer edge portions 441 for the front half and the latter half are individually reciprocated on the front needle bed and the rear needle bed, respectively. At this time, the inlay yarn 70 is individually inserted into the front and back needle beds. Of the stitch rows at the end of the wale direction of each outer edge portion 441, the stitch rows located on both sides of the narrowed portion 442 are joined to the stitch rows of the opposing needle beds. Next, the narrowed portion 442 for the front half and the latter half are knitted into an integral cylindrical shape by the front needle bed and the rear needle bed while reducing eyes. In succession to this tubular knitting, the tubular portion 443 for the front half and the latter half is knitted into an integral tubular shape by the front needle bed and the rear needle bed. At the time of cylindrical knitting, the inlay yarn 70 may be inserted by combining two inlay yarns 70 used for knitting each outer edge portion 441, or only one inlay yarn 70 may be inserted. Good. In the knitted fabric 40a, the lower side of the outer edge portion 441 for the front half and the latter half starts to be knitted, and the opening edge of the tubular portion 443 is the end of knitting.

  The knitted fabric 40b corresponds to the basic pattern 400 shown in FIGS. 4 (B)-(b), and the outer edge portion 441, the narrowed portion 442, and the tubular portion 443 for the front half and the latter half are respectively connected to the front needle bed and the rear needle bed. Knit with a needle bed. In the end portion (left side of the drawing) of each outer edge portion 441, the portion that is not connected to the throttle portion 442 (the portion positioned on the upper and lower sides of the throttle portion 442) is continuous by the front needle bed and the rear needle bed. Organize. A portion of each outer edge portion 441 connected to the throttle portion 442 knitting the outer edge portion 441 and the throttle portion 442 continuously on the front needle bed and the rear needle bed individually. In addition, at the end (on the left side of the drawing) of the narrowed portion 442 on the tubular portion 443 side, the narrowed portion 442 and the tubular portion 443 are knitted while being connected. The narrowing portion 442 corresponds to the three trapezoids, and engages the knitting needle by changing the turn-back position while engaging the knitting needle with a part of the stitches of the knitted fabric to the resting state, and the resting knitting needle. The trapezoids that are adjacent to each other in the upper and lower directions of the paper are connected by repeating the knitting by changing the turn-back position including the stitches locked to the top. The cylindrical portion 443 is joined to the aperture portion 442 at the end portion (right side of the paper surface) on the aperture portion 442 side while knitting separately on the front needle bed and the rear needle bed, starting from the side on the lower side of the page. At the start of knitting of the tubular portion 443 and the end of knitting on the upper side of the paper, the knitted fabric knitted on the front needle bed and the rear needle bed is joined. One end (the right side in the drawing) of the narrowed portion 442 is connected by knitting continuously with the outer edge portion 441, and the other end (the left side in the drawing) is connected by knitting while joining to the tubular portion 443. In the knitted fabric 40b, the sides located on the lower side of the outer edge portion 441 of the front half and the latter half begin to be knitted, and the upper side of the outer edge portion 441 on the paper surface ends.

  Here, in the knitted base material 4, the upper end of the tubular portion 43 is open, but may be a closed lid shape. In that case, in the basic pattern 400, a lid (not shown) that connects the cylindrical portions 443 of the front half and the latter half is formed on either the front half or the latter half. Or the lid | cover divided | segmented into each of the front half and the latter half is formed in each, and each lid joins each terminal stitch row | line | column.

  In the fourth embodiment as well, the knitted base material 4 overlaps the knitted fabrics 40a, 40b so that the shapes of the knitted fabrics 40a, 40b match each other. Therefore, the knitted base material 40 is arranged over the entire knitted base material 4 such that the inlay yarn 70 is orthogonal to the weft 71 and the warp yarn 72 (FIG. 4 (A)). The cylindrical portion 43 is also in a state where the inlay yarn 70 is orthogonal.

  In addition, this invention is not necessarily limited to embodiment mentioned above, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can change suitably and can implement.

1,2,3,4 Knitted material
10a, 10b, 20a, 20b, 30a, 30b, 40a, 40b Knitted fabric
11 Upper side 12 Lower side 13 Side
21 Outer edge 22 Swell
31 Outer edge part 32 Restriction part 33 Cylindrical part
41 Outer edge part 42 Restriction part 43 Tubular part
60 Knitting yarn
70 Inlay yarn 71 Weft yarn 72 Warp yarn
70s Straight line part 70r Folding part
100,200,300,400 Basic pattern
111 Upper side 112 Lower side 113 Side
221 Outer edge 222 Swell
331 Outer edge 332 Restricted part 333 Cylindrical part
441 Outer edge 442 Restriction 443 Tube

Claims (4)

In the method of forming a knitted substrate using a flat knitting machine,
Corresponding to the basic pattern that forms the basis of the knitted fabric to be knitted by the flat knitting machine, the first knitting is performed by knitting the base knitted fabric portion with the knitting yarn while inserting the inlay yarn made of reinforcing fibers in the knitting width direction. Process α for molding the ground,
In the basic pattern paper, the base knitted fabric portion is knitted with the knitting yarn while inserting the inlay yarn made of reinforcing fibers in the knitting width direction in correspondence with the basic pattern paper in a direction different from the knitting in step α. Process β for forming the knitted fabric,
And a step γ of overlapping the first knitted fabric and the second knitted fabric so that their shapes match,
In the step α and the step β, a method for forming a knitted base material in which at least a part of the base knitted fabric portion is knitted so that the number of stitches in the knitting width direction is different in the wale direction . In a knitted base material composed of a plurality of knitted fabrics,
Each knitted fabric includes a knitting yarn for knitting a base knitted fabric portion, and an inlay yarn that is inserted into the base knitted fabric portion in the knitting width direction and made of reinforcing fibers.
The inlay yarn includes a straight portion and a folded portion that is folded from the straight portion and connected to the next straight portion at a knitting width direction end of the knitted fabric,
Wherein at least two of the knitted fabric constituting the knitted substrate, ed orientation direction of the inlay yarns that are superimposed to be different from each other Monomotozai. In a knitted base material composed of a plurality of knitted fabrics,
Each knitted fabric includes a knitting yarn for knitting a base knitted fabric portion, and an inlay yarn that is inserted into the base knitted fabric portion in the knitting width direction and made of reinforcing fibers.
At least part of the knitted fabric has a region where the number of stitches in the knitting width direction is different in the wale direction,
Wherein at least two of the knitted fabric constituting the knitted substrate, ed orientation direction of the inlay yarns that are superimposed to be different from each other Monomotozai. In a fiber reinforced plastic comprising a base material made of resin and a fiber base material that reinforces the base material,
A fiber-reinforced plastic, wherein the fiber base material is the knitted base material according to claim 2 or claim 3 .

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