CN100441758C - A kind of knitting structure, knitting method and special device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of textiles and provides a multiaxial reinforced weft knitting structure, a weaving method and a yarn feeding device for a special flat knitting machine. The multiaxial reinforced weft knitting structure includes two weft plain stitches, two sets of warp yarns, two sets of weft yarns, one set of +45° oblique yarns and one set of -45° oblique yarns, warp yarns, weft yarns and oblique yarns The directional yarns are lined into the weft and plain stitches in a straight way, and are bound by their coil posts and sinker arcs respectively, which enhances the binding ability of the knitted yarns to the warp, weft and oblique yarns, and improves the symmetry of the structure It is suitable for the reinforcement of high-performance structural-functional composites due to its mechanical properties in the sex and the third dimension.

Description

A kind of knitting structure, knitting method and special device thereof

Technical field:

The invention relates to a knitting structure and its weaving method and device, in particular to a multiaxial reinforced weft knitting structure, its weaving method and a special flat knitting yarn feeding device.

Background technique:

Multi-axial knitted structure is a new type of textile structure in which warp yarn, weft yarn and diagonal yarn are lined in the knitted ground structure. It has excellent plane mechanical properties and is widely used as reinforcement for industrial knitted materials and structural composite materials. . There are currently three types of representative multiaxial knitted structures: the first type is a multiaxial knitted structure woven on a warp knitting machine. In this fabric structure, at least 4 layers of yarn (one layer of weft yarn, One layer of warp yarn, one layer of +45° oblique yarn and one layer of -45° oblique yarn) are lined in parallel into the ground weave. In addition to warp flat weave, the ground weave can also adopt other weave structures such as braided chains. The second type is a multiaxial knit structure woven on a stitchbonding machine, which is very similar to a warp knit flat weft knit multiaxial knit structure. One or more layers of nonwovens can also be added to these two types of multiaxial knit structures. The third type is a multi-axial knitting structure woven on a parallel weft knitting machine, and there are two different structures according to the ground weave. A kind of weaving needle as the ground structure, as shown in Figure 1. In this kind of fabric structure, warp and weft yarns and diagonal yarns are not straight in the ground structure, they are interwoven like woven, so they have better resistance to yarn separation, but the plane mechanical properties are affected to a certain extent. Another kind of organization is based on ribbing, as shown in Figure 2. In this kind of fabric structure, warp and weft yarns and oblique yarns are lined straight into the ground weave, and because ribs are used as the ground weave, it has better conformability. In the above multi-axial weft knitting structures, a single knitting yarn is used to weave the ground structure. Although they have good plane mechanical properties, their mechanical properties in the thickness direction of the fabric are poor, so they are limited in use. .

Invention content:

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-axial reinforced weft-knitted structure, its knitting method and a special flat knitting yarn feeding device, so as to solve the mechanical properties of the multi-axial knitted structure along the fabric thickness direction in the prior art. Poor disadvantages.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves technical problem is as follows:

A multi-axial reinforced weft knitting structure, comprising two weft plain stitches 28, 28', two sets of warp yarns 25, 25', two sets of weft yarns 27, 27', one set of -45° oblique yarns 26 and A set of +45° oblique yarn 26', wherein warp yarn 25, 25', weft yarn 27, 27' and weft flat stitch 28, 28' are all symmetrically configured, and oblique yarn 26, 26' is located at warp yarn 25, 25 ', the weft yarns 27, 27' are located outside the warp yarns 25, 25'; 28,28', are bounded by their coil posts 29,29' and sinking arcs 30,30' respectively.

Yarn feeding device for flat knitting machine with multi-axial weft knitting reinforced knitting structure, including front and rear needle beds 1, 1', front and rear needle beds 2, 2', front and rear weft yarn guides 3, 3', front and rear knitting yarn guides Yarn device 6,6 ', two groups of front and rear warp yarn guides 9,9' and two groups of oblique yarn guides 11,11' of ±45°, wherein two groups of oblique yarn guides 11,11' are arranged in Inside of two groups of warp yarn guides 9, 9'; said weft yarn guides 3, 3', knitting yarn guides 6, 6', warp yarn guides 9, 9' and oblique yarn guides 11, 11' are symmetrically arranged front and back, and their arrangement sequence from the front needle bed to the rear needle bed is: front needle bed weft yarn guide 3, front needle bed knitting yarn guide 6', warp yarn guide 9, -45 ° oblique yarn guide 11, +45° oblique yarn guide 11', another warp yarn guide 9', rear needle bed knitting yarn guide 6, rear needle bed weft yarn guide 3'.

Weft yarn guides 3, 3' and knitting yarn guides 6, 6' move along guide rails 5, 5' and 8, 8' through their sliders 4, 4' and 7, 7' respectively; Yarn devices 9, 9' are installed on two warp support rods 10, 10' respectively, and they are fixed; two groups of ±45° oblique yarn guides 11, 11' are installed on the oblique yarn guide slides. On blocks 12 and 12', only one yarn guide is installed on each slider, and they move laterally along the needle bed at -45° and +45° respectively, and change their moving direction through circular motion at the two edges of the fabric, left From -45° to +45°, right from +45° to -45°, forming a circular motion.

Two groups of warp yarn guides 9, 9' are arranged horizontally along the needle bed direction, each yarn guide is located between two knitting needles, and the distance between the yarn guides is the same as the needle pitch; two sets of oblique yarn guides 11, 11' are arranged horizontally along the direction of the needle bed, each yarn guide is located between two knitting needles, the distance between the yarn guides is the same as the needle pitch, and all oblique yarn guides are arranged in a closed loop; support rods 10, 10' is symmetrically installed on the frame of the flat knitting machine, and its position can be adjusted; all oblique yarn guide sliders 12, 12' are connected together by pins 13 and chain blocks 14 to form a slider chain 15, and are connected by front and rear gears 16,16' to drive, the stitch distance of each movement of the slider chain 15 can be changed; the pins 13,13' on the sliders 12,12', the guide pins 17,17' and the slider flanges 18,18' respectively Embedded in guide rails 19, 20 and 21 with a waist-circular track to prevent the slider from turning over and ensure smooth movement; the maximum width of the slider 12 and 12' is the same as the needle pitch, and the head end is semicircular fan-shaped, which is convenient for two Circumferential motion of the edge; the front and rear guide rail frames 22, 22 ' and 23, 23 ' are respectively fixed on the guide rail support bars 24, 24 ', and the support bars 24, 24 ' are installed on the frame of the flat knitting machine.

The weaving method of the multiaxial reinforced weft-knitted structure comprises the following steps: (a) warp thread guides 9, 9' feed two groups of warp yarns 25, 25' into the knitting area from the longitudinal direction, and each warp yarn is fed to two weaving pieces; Between the needles, the two weft yarns 27, 27' are only fed when the two needle bed knitting needles 2, 2' form a loop; (b) knitting yarn guides 6, 6' and weft yarn guides 3, 3 'Feed the knitting yarns 28, 28' and weft yarns 27, 27' from the weft direction to the front and back positions of the knitting needles 2, 2' respectively, and the knitting process is carried out alternately on the two needle beds 1, 1' (c) The oblique yarn guides 11 and 11' are fed into the knitting area from the longitudinal direction by two groups of oblique yarns 26 and 26' at an inclination angle of ±45° by moving laterally along the direction of the needle bed. Diagonal yarns are placed between two knitting needles. The oblique yarn guide 11, 11' only moves laterally when the front and rear knitting needles are not working, the -45° oblique yarn guide 11 moves in the -45° direction, and the +45° oblique yarn guide 11' Move to +45 ° direction, and change its direction of motion by circular motion at the two edges of the fabric, and the inclination angle of the oblique yarn can be changed by changing the stitch size of each movement of the yarn guide 11, 11'.

Compared with the existing spacer knitting structure, the advantages of the present invention are:

1. Since two knitting yarns are used to weave the ground structure on the front and rear needle beds respectively, the binding ability of the sinker arc of the knitting loop to the warp, weft and oblique yarns is enhanced, and the symmetry of the structure and the mechanical properties of the third dimension are improved.

2. Due to the use of an independently controlled oblique yarn transmission system, the needle distance of the oblique yarn guide can be flexibly changed each time, and can feed oblique yarns with different inclination angles to meet the requirements of changes in the direction of force.

3. The knitting yarn guide and the weft yarn guide move independently and can be adjusted flexibly, which improves the flexibility of the flat knitting machine and can weave multi-axial reinforced weft knitting structures of different structures.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the existing weft-knitted multi-axial knitting structure (the weft and plain needles are ground weaves)

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of existing weft-knitted multi-axial knitting structure (rib is ground weave)

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of multi-axial reinforced weft knitting structure

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the yarn feeding device of the flat knitting machine

Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the oblique yarn lateral movement device in Figure 4

Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the initial knitting state of the yarn feeding device of the flat knitting machine

Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the knitting process on the needle bed before the yarn feeding device of the flat knitting machine

Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the knitting process on the needle bed behind the yarn feeding device of the flat knitting machine

Detailed ways:

The specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It can be seen from Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 that the multiaxial reinforced weft knitting structure of the present invention includes two weft flat stitches 28, 28', two sets of warp yarns 25, 25', two groups of weft yarns 27, 27', one group of -45° oblique yarn 26 and one group of +45° oblique yarn 26'. Warp yarns 25, 25', weft yarns 27, 27' and weft flat stitches 28, 28' are symmetrically configured, oblique yarns 26, 26' are located inside warp yarns 25, 25', and weft yarns 27, 27' are located inside warp yarns 25, 28'. 25' outside; weft yarns 27, 27', warp yarns 25, 25' and oblique yarns 26, 26' are lined into the weft flat stitches 28, 28' in a straight manner, and are respectively covered by their coil posts 29, 29' and the sinker arcs 30, 30' are tied, which enhances the binding ability of the knitting yarn to the warp, weft and oblique yarns, and improves the symmetry of the structure and the mechanical properties of the third dimension.

Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the yarn feeding device of the multi-axial reinforced weft knitting structure flat knitting machine of the present invention includes front and rear needle beds 1, 1', front and rear needle beds 2, 2', front and rear weft yarn guides 3 , 3' front and rear knitting yarn guides 6, 6', front and rear two groups of warp yarn guides 9, 9' and two groups of oblique yarn guides 11, 11'. Two groups of warp thread guides 9,9' are installed on two warp thread support bars 10,10', and support bars 10,10' are installed on the frame of the flat knitting machine. Two groups of oblique yarn guides 11, 11 ' are installed on the oblique yarn guide sliders 12, 12 ', each slider only has one yarn guide installed, and all oblique yarn guide sliders 12 , 12' are connected together by pins 13 and chain blocks 14 to form a slider chain 15, and are driven by transmission gears 16, 16' to move laterally at -45° and +45° along the needle bed. Except knitting yarn guide 6, 6 ', remaining yarn guide 3, 3 ', 9, 9 ' and 11, 11 ' are all made by thin metal tube according to required shape processing, and all yarn guides 3 , 3', 6, 6', 9, 9' and 11, 11' are symmetrically arranged front and back, and their arrangement order from the front needle bed to the rear needle bed is: front needle bed yarn guide 3, front needle bed knitting Yarn feeder 6', warp feeder 9, -45° oblique yarn feeder 11, +45° oblique yarn feeder 11', another warp feeder 9', rear needle bed knitting yarn Yarn guide 6, rear needle bed yarn guide 3'.

Its working principle is as shown in Figure 6, two groups of warp yarns 25,25' are fed into the weaving area from the longitudinal direction by warp yarn guide 9,9', and each warp yarn is fed between two pieces of knitting needles. The weft yarn guides 3, 3' move back and forth along the corresponding yarn guide rails 5, 5' through the sliders 4, 4' respectively, and feed the weft yarns 27, 27' to the backs of the knitting needles 2 and 2' of the front and rear needle beds Location. The knitting yarn guides 6, 6' move back and forth along the corresponding yarn guide rails 8, 8' through the sliders 7, 7' respectively, feeding the knitting yarns 28, 28' to the knitting needles 2, 2' of the front and rear needle beds respectively Laying position in front of needle. Under the action of transmission gears 16, 16', oblique yarn guides 11, 11' move laterally along the direction of the needle bed through sliders 12, 12', and vertically move two groups of oblique yarns 26, 26' by ± The 45° oblique angle feeds the knitting area separately, and each diagonal yarn is located between two knitting needles. The oblique yarn guides 11, 11' only move laterally when the front and rear knitting needles are not working, wherein the -45° oblique yarn guide 11 moves towards the -45° direction, and the +45° oblique yarn guide 11 'Move in the direction of +45°, and change its direction of motion through circular motion on both edges of the fabric, from -45° to +45° on the left, and from +45° to -45° on the right, forming a circular motion. During knitting, by changing the stitch size of each movement of the yarn guides 11, 11', a weft-knitted multiaxial knitting structure with oblique yarns at different inclination angles can be obtained.

The working principle of the special knitting method for the multi-axially reinforced weft knitting structure of the present invention is as follows:

As shown in Figure 6, in the initial position, the front and back knitting needles 2, 2' just finished the braiding of the last repeating unit, and are in the lowest position. At this time, the front and rear cam systems are simultaneously on the left or right side of the needle bed, and are located outside the knitting area formed by the working knitting needles. Put on knitting yarn 28,28' knitting yarn carrier 6,6' and put on weft yarn 27,27' weft yarn carrier 3,3' and cam system are in the same side position of needle bed. Two groups of warp thread guides 9,9' respectively feed warp yarn 25,25' into the knitting area from the longitudinal direction, and each warp yarn is fed between two knitting needles, and its position remains unchanged. The two sets of oblique yarn guides 11, 11' move laterally for a certain stitch distance relative to the previous position, and then do not move temporarily, and feed the two sets of oblique yarns 26, 26' into the knitting at an inclination angle of ±45° from the longitudinal direction. area, each diagonal yarn is located between two knitting needles.

Knitting process: Assume that the front and rear cam systems are on the left side of the needle bed at the same time. The knitting needles 2 of the front needle bed perform knitting first, as shown in Figure 7, the front needle bed triangle system, the front needle bed weft yarn guide 3 and the knitting yarn guide 6 move synchronously from left to right, and the front needle bed weft yarn guide The device 3 pads the weft yarn 27 to the position of the back of the needle before the knitting needle 2 is raised and withdrawn. Then raise the back circle. The knitting needle 2 descends after completing the unlooping. At this time, the knitting yarn guide 6 of the front needle bed puts the knitting yarn 28 in front of the needle hook of the knitting needle 2, on the right side of the warp yarn 25', and then the knitting needle 2 continues to descend and bends. The yarn is looped, and when the knitting needle 2 drops to the lowest point, the course knitting of a multi-axial reinforced weft knitting structure on the front needle bed is completed. Next, the rear needle bed knitting needle 2' knits, and its knitting process is the same as the front needle bed knitting. As shown in Figure 8, the cam system of the rear needle bed and the weft yarn guide 3' of the rear needle bed and the knitting yarn guide 6' move synchronously from left to right, and the weft yarn guide 3' of the rear needle bed precedes the knitting needle 2 'Push the weft yarn 27' to the position of the back of the needle before raising and unwinding. For the convenience of the weft yarn guide 3', pad the weft yarn 27' to the position of the back of the needle. Starting and retreating circle. The knitting needle 2' descends after completing the unwinding. At this time, the knitting yarn guide 6' of the rear needle bed pads the knitting yarn 28' in front of the needle hook of the knitting needle 2', on the left side of the warp yarn 25, and then the knitting needle 2' Continuing to descend, to bend the yarn into a loop, and when the knitting needle 2' descends to the lowest point, the course knitting of a biaxially reinforced weft knitting spacer knitting structure on the rear needle bed is completed. After the front and back knitting needles 2 and 2' finish knitting, they are all in the non-working state. At this time, the oblique yarn guide moves laterally, the yarn guide 11 moves towards -45°, and the yarn guide 11' moves towards +45° direction movement, so that the yarns 26, 26' fed into the weaving area from the longitudinal direction are inclined towards the directions of -45° and +45° respectively, forming oblique yarns. Like this, a repeating unit needs to respectively carry out one knitting plus one oblique yarn carrier lateral movement on the front and rear needle beds. When a repeating unit is completed, all mechanisms get back to the initial position as shown in Figure 7, and the weaving of a new repeating unit can begin again.

It can be seen from the above process that the front and rear needle beds knit two weft flat stitches respectively, which enhances the binding ability of the knitted yarn to the warp, weft and oblique yarns, and improves the symmetry of the structure and the mechanics of the third dimension. performance. By selecting different threading methods of warp and weft yarns and oblique yarns, the knitting sequence of the front and rear needle beds, and changing the needle pitch of each movement of the oblique yarn guide, different inclination angles, different fabric densities and different knitting yarn constraints can be knitted. Degree of multiaxial reinforcement weft knit construction.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-axial reinforced weft knitting structure, comprising two weft plain stitches (28), (28 '), two groups of warp yarns (25), (25 '), two groups of weft yarns (27), ( 27 '), one group of -45 ° oblique yarn (26) and one group of +45 ° oblique yarn (26 '), it is characterized in that: warp yarn (25), (25 '), weft yarn (27), (27 ') and weft flat stitches (28), (28') are all symmetrically configured, oblique yarns (26), (26') are positioned inside warp yarns (25), (25 '), weft yarns (27), (27 ') is positioned at the outside of warp yarn (25), (25 '); Weft yarn (27), (27 '), warp yarn (25), (25 ') and oblique yarn (26), (26 ') all with Straight way interlining into weft plain stitch ground tissue (28), (28'), bound by their coil posts (29), (29') and sinker arcs (30), (30') respectively. 2. The flat knitting machine yarn feeding device of multi-axial reinforced weft knitting structure as claimed in claim 1, comprising front and rear needle beds, front and rear needle beds knitting needles, front and rear weft yarn guides, front and rear knitting yarn guides, Two groups of warp yarn guides before and after and ± 45° two groups of oblique yarn guides are characterized in that: two groups of oblique yarn guides (11), (11') are arranged in two groups of warp yarn guides (9 ), (9'); the weft yarn guides, knitting yarn guides, warp yarn guides and oblique yarn guides are symmetrically arranged front and back, and their arrangement sequence from the front needle bed to the rear needle bed For: front needle bed weft yarn guide (3), front needle bed knitting yarn guide (6'), warp yarn guide (9), -45° oblique yarn guide (11), +45° Diagonal yarn guide (11'), another warp yarn guide (9'), rear needle bed knitting yarn guide (6), rear needle bed weft yarn guide (3'). 3. The yarn feeding device for flat knitting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the two weft yarn guides (3), (3') and the two knitting yarn guides (6), (6') can move along the direction of the needle bed; the two groups of warp yarn guides (9), (9') are respectively fixed on two warp yarn support rods (10), (10'); The ±45° oblique yarn guides (11), (11') are all installed on the oblique yarn guide sliders (12), (12'), and each slide block is only equipped with one yarn guide, They move laterally along the needle bed at -45° and +45° respectively, and change their direction of motion by circular motion at the two edges of the fabric, from -45° to +45° on the left, and from +45° to -45° on the right °, forming a circular motion. 4. The yarn feeding device for flat knitting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the two groups of warp yarn guides (9), (9') are arranged horizontally along the direction of the needle bed, and each yarn guide Located between two knitting needles, the distance between the yarn guides is the same as the needle pitch; the two groups of oblique yarn guides (11), (11') are arranged horizontally along the direction of the needle bed, and each yarn guide is located at Between two knitting needles, the distance between the yarn guides is the same as the needle pitch, and all oblique yarn guides form a closed loop; the support rods (10), (10') are symmetrically installed on the flat knitting machine On the frame, its position can be adjusted; the oblique yarn guide sliders (12), (12') are connected by pins (13), (13') and chain blocks (14), (14') Form slide block chain (15) together, and transmit by front and back gear (16), (16 '); Pin (13), (13 ') on slide block (12), (12 '), guide nail ( 17), (17') and slider flanges (18), (18') are respectively embedded in the guide rails (19), (20) and (21) whose track is a waist circle, so as to prevent the slider from overturning and ensure movement stable; the maximum width of the slide block (12), (12') is the same as the needle pitch, and the head end is a semicircle sector, which is convenient for circular motion at the two edges; the front and rear rail frames (22), (22') and (23 ), (23 ') are respectively fixed on the guide rail support bar (24), (24 '), and support bar (24), (24 ') is installed on the frame of flat knitting machine again. 5. The flat knitting machine yarn feeding device according to any one of claims 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: the front needle bed knitting needle (2) and the front needle bed weft yarn guide (3) and the rear needle The bed knitting yarn guide (6) works at the same time; the rear needle bed knitting needle (2') and the rear needle bed weft yarn guide (3') and the front needle bed knitting yarn guide (6') work simultaneously; The oblique yarn guides (11), (11') described above can only move laterally when the front and back knitting needles (2), (2') are not working. 6. The flat knitting machine yarn feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that said yarn guides (3), (3'), (9), (9'), (11) and (11 ') are all made of thin metal tubes. 7. The method for weaving multi-axially reinforced weft-knitted structures as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (a) warp yarn guides (9), (9') guide two groups of warp yarns (25) , (25') are fed into the knitting area from the longitudinal direction, and each warp yarn is fed between two knitting needles, and the two weft yarns (27), (27') are only knit on the two needle beds (2), (2' ) feeding when knitting into a loop; (b) the knitting yarn guide (6), (6') and the weft yarn guide (3), (3') respectively feed the knitting yarn (28), (28 ') and The weft yarn (27), (27') is fed into the needle front and needle back positions of the knitting needles (2), (2') from the weft direction, and the knitting process is alternately performed on the two needle beds (1), (1') (c) oblique yarn guides (11), (11 ') move two groups of oblique yarns (26), (26 ') at ±45° The oblique angles are fed separately to the knitting area, with each oblique yarn positioned between two needles. 8. The method for weaving multi-axial reinforced weft-knitted structures according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step (c), the diagonal yarn guides (11), (11') only knit The needle moves laterally when the needle is not working, the -45° oblique yarn guide (11) moves to -45°, the +45° oblique yarn guide (11') moves to +45°, and the The two edges change their direction of motion with a circular motion. 9. The method for weaving a multi-axial reinforced weft-knitted structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step (c), each movement of the diagonal yarn guide (11), (11') Stitch size can be changed.

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