Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
  • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
  • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
  • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
  • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
  • H02S20/25—Roof tile elements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
  • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
  • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
  • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
  • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
  • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
  • H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S136/00—Batteries: thermoelectric and photoelectric
  • Y10S136/291—Applications

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for photovoltaic power generation on or by means of roofs and facades according to the preamble of claim 1. Numerous such devices or elements are known.
• D6 describes a roof tile that is suitable for holding solar cells, but which - apart from the pure laying work - still requires a lot of effort to make the necessary connections.
• the solar roof system according to DI requires a lot of effort to produce the roof tile or roof tile intended for this purpose.
• the documents D2 to D5 all describe a special production of the roofing element to be used, which means a ceramic roof tile or flat roofing elements made of ceramic, glass, fiber cement or bituminous composite materials; the latter list is not exhaustive, but is to be understood in the sense of examples. Custom-made products for a limited use are generally expensive and represent a considerable obstacle with regard to the intended use.
• the electrical connections and connections of the above-mentioned photovoltaic roofing elements are made either directly or with the help of special bores or openings. led in the roofing elements into the roof or caused and carried out by contact strips - and / or - rails. This is in order to have electrical elements in the weather-protected interior of the roof. Drilling or other openings in roofing elements are, on the one hand, expensive custom-made products, on the other hand, they are potentially potentially leaky. Pressure contacts on the roofing elements are also expensive and complex custom-made products and are very susceptible to corrosion.
• the task that the inventive photovoltaic solar roof or the solar facade has to fulfill is to dispense with any special design of roofing and facade elements through the cost-neutral passing on of photovoltaic price factors of installation, fastening and mounting, strength requirements on mass-produced roofing elements as well as simple, reliable electrical mergers to reduce the price for the photovoltaically generated kilowatt hour to a size where, from a holistic perspective, solar energy costs as much as thermally or hydraulically generated from newly created power plants. Furthermore, the laying and repair of a solar roof or a solar facade according to the invention should be able to be carried out by the normal roofer or facade builder without further expense.
• FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a solar roofing element
• FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a second solar cell according to the invention
• FIG. 4 shows a variant of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 1,
• FIG. 8 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a solar roofing element
• FIG. 10 shows a variant with respect to FIG. 1.
• roofing and facade elements can be constructed and / or shaped similarly or identically; often only the fastening technology is different, which is derived from the fact that the static direction of force is different and the backwater and capillary water conditions are different.
• the lower part of the roofing element carries a photovoltaic solar cell, for example made of monocrystalline, polycrystalline or amorphous silicon.
• the structure of the solar cell 2 itself is shown in FIG. 2.
• the solar cell 2 is integrated in the roofing element 1.
• roofing element 1 and solar cell 2 thus form a static unit in the sense that the strength function is essentially assumed by the roofing element.
• the solar cell 2 has, for example, a termination element 3, which represents the mechanical structure for the transition from the internal to the external electrical connections.
• a connecting terminal 4 is fastened on the upper edge of the terminating element 3. For reasons to be described below, this is preferably offset eccentrically, for example to the left of the center line of the solar cell 2.
• connection terminal 4 At the lower edge, the roofing element 1 has, for example, a recess 14 for a hook (not shown), which in turn is fastened in the battens on which the roofing elements 1 lie and are fastened.
• FIG. 4 shows a connection terminal 4 with only one socket 5. The cable 7 leading to the adjacent solar cell is fastened directly in the connection terminal 4 without plug contacts.
• plug and socket are here to be expanded so that their Connection is easily created, but can only be released again by actuating an element, which is located for example at the socket 5.
• the term spring-loaded connection is therefore also included in the plug socket in the sense of the invention.
• FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the upper part of a first exemplary embodiment of a solar cell 2.
• a thin transparent glass plate 8 - or one made of glass ceramic - is the carrier of a silicon semiconductor structure designated by the number 9.
• the semiconductor structure 9 is covered with a multilayer laminate film 10, which contains at least one aluminum or glass film as a vapor barrier against all types of steam. This laminate film can be applied by means of gluing, welding, melting or a similar process.
• the semiconductor structure 9 is contacted in a manner known per se and is guided via current conductors 11 to two sockets 12, 13 of the socket 5, the question of the circuit type not being discussed here.
• connection terminal 4 The lamination through the laminate film extends below the connection terminal 4, so that a completely flat element is created on the underside, which also includes the connection terminal 4.
• the two sockets 12, 13 are designed asymmetrically when viewed together with the corresponding plug 6; this means that the individual solar cells 2 can only be connected in the intended manner.
• the asymmetry of the sockets 12, 13 can be brought about by different sizes or shapes, but also in that incorrect insertion is prevented by a suitable chicane.
• the laminate film 10 encompasses, for example, the glass plate 8; the end element 3 is tightly connected to the laminate film 10 and the glass plate 8.
• the connecting terminal 4 is connected to the socket 5 together with the socket 5 on the fly.
• the closing element 3 is omitted here.
• the lamination by means of the laminate film 10 also takes on the function of strain relief the current conductor 11, which are designed to be flexible both in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 and in the embodiment shown here.
• 5 shows several roofing elements 1 with solar cells 2 next to one another and thus the type of mutual electrical connection by means of plugs 6 and cables 7.
• the laying of roofing elements 1 is to be carried out completely conventionally: between two roofing elements there is always a hook 15 for the next upper one Location of roofing elements 1; the hooks 15 each engage in the recesses 14.
• FIG. 6 shows part of a roof covered with the roofing elements according to the invention.
• An upper row of roofing elements 1 covers the end elements 3 of the row below.
• the asymmetrical position of the connecting terminal 4 puts it out of the direct influence of rainwater, which gets into the space between two adjacent roofing elements 1.
• the - connection elements 3 are - as indicated in FIG. 2 by a dashed line 16 - beveled upwards, so that they are overflowed by rainwater.
• the connection terminals are of course waterproof.
• FIG. 6 it is shown how the connecting cable of the last roofing element 1, numbered 17, which is equipped with a solar cell 2, is led upwards and under the roof in the space between two roofing elements. This eliminates the need for an additional hole in the roofing elements.
• Fig. 7 shows the situation of Fig. 6 in longitudinal section. Purely roofing details, because they are state of the art, are omitted or shown here in reduced form. What is carried out here for roofing elements applies analogously to facade elements. Facade elements, for example made of fiber cement, are often larger in size than roofing elements, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. This requirement can be met by interconnecting a number of solar cells 2, as shown in the previous figures for roofing elements (see FIG. 8), or by also producing them in a larger format (see FIG. 7).
• the fasteners for facade elements are largely similar to those for roofing elements; Likewise, the laying technique is basically the same.
• the roofing element 1 according to FIG. 8 has two solar cells 2 of the type described.
• Each terminating element 3 also carries a connecting terminal 4 here, of which only the left one has a socket 5.
• the two connection terminals are connected to one another by a fixed cable 18.
• the right connecting terminal also has a socket 5; the associated cable 7 then carries a plug 6 at its two ends.
• FIG. 9 shows a roofing element 1 of larger format, which is preferably to be used for facades and which carries a correspondingly larger solar cell 2; the connections are designed as described for FIGS. 1, 4, 5.
• FIG. 10 shows a construction variant of FIG. 1.
• the terminating element 3 is reduced to two short terminating elements 31.
• Each of these terminating elements carries a connecting terminal 41.
• the type of connection with the neighboring solar cells 2 again takes place with a cable 7, which can be designed to be pluggable on one or both sides.
• the right terminal 41 has a socket 5 with plug 6, the left is connected directly to a cable 7.
• the advantages and features of the solar roof according to the invention consist in particular of the following points: -
• the roofing element itself is an essentially unchanged mass product that is available in various shapes, sizes, materials and colors.
• the static strength is not taken over by the solar cells but by the conventional roofing element, i.e. the solar cell is thin-walled and has a minimal outlay on materials, such that mechanical loads of all kinds can be absorbed by the roofing element.
• the planned solar cells can be mass-produced in some common dimensions.
• the solar cell is assembled with the roofing element in a mass production process.
• each individual solar roof element lie on the roof element itself; Implementations are not planned. Only the connection with the consumer (inverter, battery, direct consumer) leads to the inside; As a rule, one connection per row of roofing or facade elements is provided here. The connection can be made without drilling a hole in the solar roofing elements by running a longer cable upwards between the roofing elements.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
• Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=4231010

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (16)

Families Citing this family (120)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 1996
  • 1996-11-04 DE DE29619119U patent/DE29619119U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-11-21 US US09/077,174 patent/US5990414A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-11-21 CN CN96199600A patent/CN1207830A/zh active Pending
  • 1996-11-21 TR TR1998/00909T patent/TR199800909T1/xx unknown
  • 1996-11-21 HU HU9901088A patent/HUP9901088A2/hu unknown
  • 1996-11-21 AU AU74888/96A patent/AU720253B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1996-11-21 CA CA002238747A patent/CA2238747A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-11-21 IL IL12434596A patent/IL124345A0/xx unknown
  • 1996-11-21 BR BR9611753-2A patent/BR9611753A/pt unknown
  • 1996-11-21 JP JP10515093A patent/JP2000501469A/ja active Pending
  • 1996-11-21 UA UA98063234A patent/UA48207C2/uk unknown
  • 1996-11-21 CZ CZ981597A patent/CZ159798A3/cs unknown
  • 1996-11-21 WO PCT/CH1996/000411 patent/WO1998013883A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1996-11-21 EP EP96937158A patent/EP0867040A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1996-11-21 KR KR1019980703822A patent/KR100314688B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1998
  • 1998-05-20 MX MX9804000A patent/MX9804000A/es unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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