EP0865540A1

EP0865540A1 - Modular station platform construction kit

Info

Publication number: EP0865540A1
Application number: EP97945810A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Horst Edelmann
Original assignee: Hering & Co KG Verwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH
Current assignee: Hering & Co KG Verwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH
Priority date: 1996-10-10
Filing date: 1997-10-09
Publication date: 1998-09-23
Anticipated expiration: 2017-10-09
Also published as: PL327189A1; AU5117998A; DE59711169D1; DE19641800A1; ATE257197T1; WO1998015691A1; US6173653B1; EP0865540B1; PL190117B1

Abstract

Prefabricated kit for producing a station platform which is variable in its dimensions, in which platform slabs (1) are laid on foundations (4) with interposition of spacer elements (3). The spacer elements (3) can be replaced without damaging the other construction elements (1, 3, 4). The platform slabs (1) may be arranged in various horizontal positions above the foundations (4) in order to compensate for horizontal differences in size in relation to the axis of the track.

Description

Modular platform kit

The present invention relates to a changeable platform with one or more platform plates.

In the conventional design, platforms are designed as fixed structures. Such platforms are manufactured on the condition that they should remain unchanged for many generations. Such static structures, however, no longer meet the requirements of modern rail traffic. On the one hand, they are inflexible with regard to requirements that arise from new technical developments. On the other hand, they do not offer the possibility of making unavoidable dimensional and distance corrections to the building in a simple and cost-effective manner. Under the modern requirements for comfort and safety, it is no longer tolerable to accept such deviations without correction. Last but not least, from today's perspective, the complex, time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly construction method is to be criticized on conventional platforms.

In the past, approaches with prefabricated kits for platforms have been used to simplify the construction of platforms. For example, EP-357 161 describes a platform which is essentially composed of three basic elements. These are initially U-shaped concrete bases, which are placed at fixed intervals parallel to the track. Two longitudinal beams are then placed on the vertical legs of the U-shaped concrete base from base to base, which run parallel to the rail. Finally, the longitudinal beams are covered with rectangular platform slabs and all connections and joints are closed and glued. Such a platform system reduces the construction time of a platform compared to the solid construction, but the handling of the solid longitudinal beams and the several platform plates is still relatively complex. Furthermore, the platform slabs are not protected against sagging or "sagging" to the unsupported center between the two longitudinal beams. Another particular disadvantage is that the platform is not suitable for later problem-free conversion due to the permanent connection of the components, and in particular does not allow any dimensional adjustment of the system.

DE-43 16 203 also describes a platform kit which contains in-situ concrete foundations, crossbeams and platform slabs. The crossbeams are fastened to the in-situ concrete foundations and then placed from crossbeams to crossbeams on platform slabs, which contain box-shaped support beams on their underside. These platform slabs are firmly connected to the crossbeams. This system has disadvantages similar to those described above.

In particular, no dimensional adjustment and height adjustability is provided, and the fixed connection of the components to one another leads to a building which cannot be easily changed subsequently.

In the published patent application DE 42 05 192 A1, a platform is described in which so-called spacer elements are arranged so as to be fixed against displacement on in-situ concrete foundations that are spaced along the rail. Longitudinal beams are then laid from spacer element to spacer element, parallel to the rails and parallel to one another, which finally carry an in-situ concrete slab as platform platform. All components are secured by lateral bolts or similar measures. As an advantage, the published application emphasizes that in later conversions of the Platform whose height can be easily changed by lifting the in-situ concrete slab and replacing the spacer elements with others. The platform platform is manufactured at the construction site in order to be able to execute it continuously and to achieve a better adaptation to curve areas.

However, this on-site manufacturing also has several disadvantages. On the one hand, a lost formwork that is only fastened in grooves is used. Therefore, for purely static reasons, the width of the platform is limited due to the high loads that have to be offset from the in-situ concrete slab on the lost formwork.

In addition, in-situ concrete has to set up to 28 days, which extends the construction time required. Weather conditions and frost can also hinder the construction site.

Furthermore, the platform shown in the laid-open specification is a complete platform as a rigid plate. This plate can only be removed by cutting the concrete. Due to the destruction of the reinforcement, the reusability is very limited.

A height-adjustable platform (for trams) is also described in the article "Retractable traffic islands" (Verkehrstechnik, issue 24 of December 20, 1935, page 666). The platform slab rests on four wooden blocks in the normal state. By removing the wooden blocks, they can be sunk into the ground, i.e. be adjusted at street level. The platform slab can be moved vertically within a predetermined shaft.

In practice, however, the height adjustability of the traffic island or platform system disclosed in the aforementioned publication and in DE 42 05 192 A1 can lead to problems, since between the usual platform heights (e.g. 38 cm above the top edge of the rail (SOK)) and larger platform heights (e.g. 55 cm, 76 cm and 96 cm above SOK) the desired distance from the platform edge to the track axis can change. Therefore, in these cases the height adjustment can become an undesirable and lead an intolerably large distance from the platform to the track axis or from the wagon entrance.

In contrast, the present invention has set itself the task of providing a prefabricated kit for the creation of changeable platforms, which enables the platform to be assembled and disassembled and components replaced in a time and cost-effective manner, and which enables the subsequent change in dimensions the platform, especially the platform height. The platform should be mobile in the sense that it should be possible to rebuild it at another location. In the event of a change in height, disadvantages which can result from changed distances from the track axis are to be avoided.

The platform should also be suitable as part of renovation measures to be installed over the remains of the old platform, with partial or complete use of the old platform edge with its associated strip foundations. In addition, it should also be used in difficult situations, e.g. can be built on dams. After all, the platform should also be able to serve as a provisional or temporary platform in cases where a platform is only being built for a certain period, e.g. in the form of a platform extension, because longer trains are supposed to stop at a platform for a certain time or in the event that a platform is to be temporarily erected at a different location and only comes into its final position later.

This object is achieved by a changeable platform with one or more platform slabs, which can be changed in height in particular, and which is characterized in that the platform slabs have support areas on their underside, within which they are placed at any point on the support points of the platform substructure can, and / or that the platform substructure has on its upper side support areas within which the platform slabs can be placed anywhere, so that the platform slabs can be arranged in different horizontal positions above the foundations. The latitude for horizontal displacement of the platform slabs is preferably up to 5 to 20% of the platform width (typically about 1 m). The horizontal change in the position of the platform slabs is made possible by a corresponding structural adaptation and design of the platform slabs and / or the platform substructure, so that a stable platform construction is obtained within the latitude of the position. With this design, a platform is obtained which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art that, after a change in height, the horizontal distances from the track axis are unfavorable or intolerable from the point of view of comfort and safety. A decisive improvement has thus been achieved with regard to the usability of height-variable platforms. The horizontal position change can be achieved in such a way that the platform plates have support areas on their underside, within which the support points of the platform substructure can be positioned at any point. The "support points of the platform substructure" are not only to be understood as punctiform, but can in turn be extensive areas that may only partially come into contact with the platform slabs. Conversely, the platform substructure can also have support areas on its upper side, within which the platform plates (via support points or support areas) can be placed at any point.

It is particularly advantageous that in the platform system according to the invention the foundations can lie outside the pressure range of the track. Typically, an escape area of approximately 70 cm is provided under the platform plate with a corresponding projection of the platform plate.

The platform slabs (and other elements of the platform) are preferably prefabricated components, so that a prefabricated kit to be produced at the factory is obtained. In a special embodiment, the platform according to the invention can contain one or more prefabricated spacer elements which, when assembled, are arranged between the platform plate and foundations and can be replaced without damaging the other elements, ie in particular the foundations and the platform plate. The platform plate can be detachably connected or lie unconnected on the spacer elements. Likewise, the spacer elements can in turn be releasably connected or lie unconnected on the foundations. Furthermore, the platform is characterized according to the invention in that the horizontal position of the platform plate on the spacer elements and / or the horizontal position of the spacer elements on the foundations can be changed. The lateral position of the platform of the platform is therefore variable during construction or conversion.

The platform according to the invention surprisingly manages without permanent connections between the components. The construction and arrangement of the components alone ensures that the platform is sufficiently stable with regard to the stresses to which it is exposed. At the same time, however, the platform remains as easy to disassemble for all times as it can be assembled. This makes it possible in particular in the course of a conversion measure to replace the built-in spacer elements with those of different dimensions or to set up or dismantle the spacer elements. This makes it possible to bring the platform edge to a new desired height and position in relation to the top edge of the rail. It is also possible to compensate for dimensional shifts by making minor corrections. Such conversion and adaptation measures on the platform according to the invention can be carried out with little effort and with only minor interruptions in operation. It is particularly advantageous that the platform slab is self-supporting between the in-situ concrete foundations or crossbars, so that it can be gripped and raised in this area. The latter would not be possible with a system according to EP-357 161, for example, since the longitudinal beams would be detected together with the platform slabs. The height-adjustable platforms known from the prior art (DE 42 05 192 A1 and Verkehrstechnik 24, 666) have no lateral displaceability compared to the platform according to the invention, since the traffic island is guided vertically through the excavation and the platform system by securing elements. In contrast, the platform according to the invention can also be used to react to dimensional changes that occur, for example, when changing from various conventional platform heights (eg 38 cm above SOK) to higher ones (eg 55-96 cm above SOK). Especially under today's requirements for comfort and safety, such deviations can no longer be accepted without correction.

Furthermore, the production of the platform slab according to the invention from various prefabricated prefabricated parts, instead of from in-situ concrete, has various advantages over DE 42 05 192 A1. In the prefabricated construction of the platform slab, the width of a platform slab is only specified by the maximum possible transport dimensions or weights. In contrast, in DE 42 05 192 A1 the width of the platform is limited by the lost formwork.

In addition, a platform plate prefabricated in the factory can be used immediately after assembly. This shortens the disability times on site considerably, since in-situ concrete is known to have to set up to 28 days. Finished parts can also be assembled in extreme temperatures (frost). This is not the case with local concreting. This also gives greater flexibility in terms of construction time. Another major advantage of a prefabricated platform slab as opposed to a concrete slab on site is the division into individual slab parts separated by joints. The platform system is therefore mobile and reusable, not just liftable. A prefabricated platform can be completely dismantled in a short time. Only the permanently elastic joints have to be cut and the individual parts removed. The platform shown in DE 42 05 192 A1, on the other hand, is a complete platform as a rigid plate in which the concrete has to be cut to convert it. Due to the destruction of the reinforcement, the reusability is very limited. Also, the formwork of a platform section, which is in the transition arch for sheet layers, is relatively low in the precast plant according to the invention. The arch formwork only has to be adapted for each section of the platform. The sliding formwork shown in DE 42 05 192 A1, however, cannot be used in the transition arch. A prefabricated part therefore has less formwork and therefore lower costs. Furthermore, the platform system according to the invention is completely modular and consists of interchangeable individual components. It is very easy to maintain because all individual parts can be replaced without any problems. There is no need to demolish or cut concrete. In reality, adjustments to platforms are often necessary later, for example the later integration of catenary masts, signals or shafts. Here, the plate can either be completely replaced at the respective point or only partially changed. Such an exchange is only possible in the substructure. The prefabricated platform slab can already have a surface designed in the factory according to the wishes of the user. This surface is the accessible surface of the platform in later use. It is therefore not necessary to carry out an additional work step, for example to tile the platform or provide it with a walk-on surface. Different colored patterns are also possible here. In contrast, in DE 42 05 192 A1 an additional covering must be applied to the in-situ concrete. Factory production also guarantees high dimensional accuracy and flexibility in the surface properties, for example the use of different colored concrete and different surface roughness in one slab. In the case of in-situ concrete, this would mean an additional work step or, due to the poorer quality of the connection between the top covering and the platform slab, higher maintenance costs. Another advantage of the later surface underneath in the formwork is the greater concrete density and surface homogeneity that can be achieved (plane level of the vibrating table). The system design according to the invention also enables a very high dimensional accuracy, since only a single adjustment of the platform plate is necessary. In the case of the prefabricated platform slab according to the invention, disabling systems in the platform area, such as, for example, existing masts, can be integrated into the system, ie cutouts and panel sizes can be selected in order to leave the location of the disabling systems when the panels are moved. Recesses that have already been provided can also be closed again in the event that the hindering system ceases to exist later. Existing deep drainage systems between the track and the platform can also remain or recesses are provided for this.

A basic stability of the arrangement is already ensured by the weight of the components, in particular the platform slab. A conceivable stress on the platform in exceptional cases consists, for example, in that a horizontal displacement of the components could be caused by the impact of a rail vehicle. If such a displacement is not already adequately absorbed by the frictional forces between the components and their own weight, it can also be provided according to a preferred embodiment of the invention that the components are anchored against such horizontal stresses by a special, interlocking shape. Numerous different connection options are conceivable here, which can work according to the tongue and groove principle, for example. The stabilization against a parallel displacement of the parts against one another by means of a corresponding complementary, interlocking shape can take place both for the platform slab and the spacer elements on the one hand and for the spacer elements and the foundations on the other hand. It is particularly preferred if the platform slab, spacer elements and foundations are each interlocked by appropriate shaping. However, the locking against unintentional lateral displacement must be such that it does not prevent the desired lateral variability when converting the platform. Gears should therefore allow various engagement positions, for example, in a grid-like manner, screw connections could ensure appropriate flexibility via elongated holes. A subdivision into individual elements is possible for the spacer elements according to the invention, but preferably they consist of two individually supported parts. However, it is also possible that the in-situ concrete foundations are not one-piece and are designed, for example, in pillar construction or for temporary structures consist of easily reusable threshold stacks one-piece or multi-piece spacer elements also designed as transoms on bored or driven piles.This variant is possible in difficult soil conditions or in difficult locations, e.g. on dams.As a rule, however, the surface pressure resulting from the weight of the system platform and its equipment elements is so low that the abovementioned Foundation is sufficient

If the spacers, which are assigned to a foundation, do not consist of one piece, but of two or more individual blocks, it is particularly easy to influence the inclination of the platform in the transverse direction (i.e. transverse to the direction of the rails) In-situ concrete foundations can be caused by spacers of different thicknesses from the horizontal transverse inclinations of the platform slabs. However, it is also possible to compensate for in-situ concrete foundations that are not horizontally formed using spacers of different thicknesses or by introducing non-shrinking grout so that the platform slabs are horizontal or with a desired one Cross slope as roof or negative roof profile Finally, it should be noted that multi-piece spacer elements have a lower individual weight and are therefore easier to process

The platform according to the invention can be designed in the form of four different systems

System I can be used for narrow platforms or an outer platform. System II can be used for platforms with widths larger than 7 m, e.g. central platforms

System III can be used for platforms with widths of less than 7 m, e.g. the edge areas of central platforms. System IV is an implementation when an existing platform is built over Typical configurations of these systems are described in more detail below.

System I: The platform slabs according to the invention have preferably formed on their underside in the longitudinal direction parallel support beams. These support beams give the platform slabs the necessary stability in the longitudinal direction. This makes it possible to make the platform slab itself less thick, which leads to a weight saving. Likewise, according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, support beams extending transversely to the longitudinal extent can also be arranged below the platform slab. Support beams of this type, which are preferably located at the beginning and at the end of the platform plate, prevent the platform plate from bending in the transverse direction. The spacing of these support beams enables, without changing the supporting structure of the platform system, a technical innovation to arrange the platform in the radius of the curve provided by the course of the track. Also as an innovation, the longitudinal edges of the platform can be designed in the specified radius of curvature or according to other shape specifications.

The platform plates according to the invention are preferably manufactured in the factory in such a way that recesses for the passage of cable protection tubes are already integrated in them. This makes it possible without problems to provide the necessary (in particular earthing and electrical) installations for the platform. Furthermore, the platform slabs according to the invention can already be mounting sleeves for platform structures, such as Weather protection devices or information boards included. Such pre-devices complete the possibilities for a quick and easy installation of a platform with the modules according to the invention.

System II:

The kit according to the invention consists of a uniaxially tensioned precast reinforced concrete slab in a standard width of, for example, 2-4 m. The length is half the platform width, with exceptions as described below. The fat the plate only needs to be 14-20 cm. The plate itself has a slope for the discharge of the surface water into a continuous channel in the middle of the platform or a slope to the track. The system also consists of two edge girders (girder beams). These are self-supporting prefabricated beams with a standard length of up to 9 m. These edge girders absorb the vertical loads from the platform slab. They can be provided with a sound-absorbing surface towards the track (e.g. aggregate concrete). The system also consists of a trough element. This is also a cantilevered precast girder with a standard length of 9 m, which absorbs the vertical loads from the platform slab and is supported on the foundation beam. Here there is the possibility of routing the cables inside the trough on the foundation beam or spacer. The outside of the trough can be provided with a sound-absorbing layer or a pre-hung sound-absorbing plate. This is particularly important here in the local transport sector in residential areas.

The system also consists of a base beam as a precast foundation beam, which is attached to the respective edge of the platform slab, e.g. every 9 m, which braces the edge beams, connects the individual foundations and forwards the horizontal loads and distributes them into the foundations. The foundations are made of prefabricated parts or in-situ concrete and are attached to each end of a platform slab. The spacer elements are designed as prefabricated parts and guarantee the height adjustability of the platform. The overhang of the platform slab over the edge beams is variable, but preferably 70 cm (so-called escape area) can also be zero.

System III:

This system can be used for platform widths of less than 7 m. It consists of a uniaxially tensioned precast slab, the standard width is 2-4 m, the length corresponds to the platform width, the thickness can be carried out like System II, the slope also. Other components are edge beams as self-supporting prefabricated beams, base beams as precast beams, in-situ concrete or prefabricated individual foundations and spacer elements as described in System II. System IV:

When building over an existing platform, a prefabricated slab is tensioned biaxially and attached point-supported over an edge beam and a central beam; for outer platforms over two edge beams. Height adjustment and drainage are carried out as in the aforementioned systems. As the precast foundation and edge beams are approximately 70 cm or larger from the platform edge, they do not touch the foundation of the old platform edge or the old platform edge itself. This 70 cm can serve as an escape area, and such a distance or greater has the advantage that the foundation work can be carried out without endangering the operation (outside the pressure area of the track). The foundations are individual foundations. The central support must also be founded if it is a central platform consisting of two platform slabs. Here, too, the edge bars can be Systems with a sound-absorbing surface can be manufactured or hung outwards.

In particular in connection with the system IV, a further technology for height adjustability can be used, in which the platform plate is supported on the platform substructure by height-adjustable feet. These height-adjustable feet can e.g. consist of a threaded anchor that can be screwed into the platform slab or platform substructure to different depths. A counter bearing for the threaded anchor can be formed by a base plate in the other component.

There are various solutions for draining rainwater. For example, a drainage channel can be arranged either along the longitudinal edge of the platform slab, preferably on the outer platform. In the case of medium-sized platforms and large platform widths, surface water can also be drained to both sides by means of a corresponding inclination to two sides.

Another variant is central drainage. Here, a drainage channel can be installed in the joint between two platform slabs with a half-channel / box channel under the joint. This drain water will depend on Longitudinal slope of the slab, for example, led out every 9 m and drained into the existing drainage. This can be done through a recess in the central trough (System II). Systems III and IV also create the possibility of central drainage. With an upstand on the side facing away from the track, even heavy rainwater runoff can be concentrated in just a few processes.

The advantage of the system according to the invention is that several variants of rainwater drainage are possible and it can therefore be adapted to the wishes of the user.

The surface of the platform slab is preferably equipped with a non-slip surface and integrable safety and control systems. It can be made in different colors and structures. In particular, it is possible to use different concrete compositions for the production of the surface. Two or more different concretes can be used, e.g. those of different colors or different compositions (e.g. glass fiber reinforced concrete and concrete with other additives). These can be placed one after the other and / or next to each other in the formwork. It is also conceivable that they are arranged in a grid structure in which they are only separated by grid joints. By using different concretes, an appealing aesthetic (including coloring) design of the platform slabs can be achieved as well as advantageous static and functional properties.

In order to enable easy assembly, in particular with the aid of rail cranes or excavators located on site, certain dimensions and weights of the components are preferred. For example, the weight of the platform slab should be less than 10,000 kg, preferably less than 8,000 kg. The platform slab preferably has a width of 2 to 5 m, very particularly preferably 2.50 to 3.0 m, and a length of 4 to 10 m, preferably 5 to 7.50 m.

As an assembly aid for the optional attachment of supply lines, etc., it can be attached to the underside of the panel, along the cross members and side members fasteners such as point anchors, anchor channels or threaded sleeves etc. can be incorporated.

Of course, the prefabricated kit according to the invention can also be used with great advantage if no later conversion measures for adapting dimensions are planned, but rather a permanent platform is to be created. The time and cost-effective prefabricated construction of the platform according to the invention benefits the user in any case, even if no later conversion measures are carried out on the platform.

In particular, however, it is part of the scope of the invention to use the prefabricated kit to create a platform that is variable in height and side. A height adjustment of the platform by larger distances, e.g. from 38 cm to 96 cm above the top edge of the rail, e.g. required if other rail vehicles are used. Such changes in the height requirements are particularly common in today's modernization of the traffic systems. Numerous transport companies are being converted to other wagon technology, which makes it necessary to retrofit the platforms. With the use of the platforms of variable height and sides according to the invention, all options for future developments which are not yet predictable are kept open in this regard. The platform according to the invention is of inestimable advantage, in particular when the modernization of a platform is currently due and the need for retrofitting has already been determined or is probable.

In the event that the platform was installed as a makeshift platform or provisional, and also in the event that a partial replacement of platform slabs becomes necessary at a later date, only the permanently elastic joints need to be cut and the slab can be dismantled as a whole, without the influence the static functions of the neighboring panels. The lifted plates can then be reused. For this, only the permanently elastic joints are renewed. There is no disposal effort.

Finally, the invention also relates to a method for height and / or

Lateral adjustment of a platform from an inventive

Prefabricated kit. This method is characterized in that a) the platform slab is first raised, which is preferably done with hydraulic presses, rail cranes or excavators, b) if necessary, the spacer elements against new spacer elements of the desired

Height are exchanged or spacer elements are built up or dismantled or shrink-free grout under the

Spacer elements / platform plate is brought, c) the platform plate with the desired horizontal position is placed on the spacer elements. This inventive method can be carried out with very little effort and without large and long-term interruptions in rail operations. In particular, it is also possible to make minor corrections in the

Centimeter range. Instead of swapping the whole

Spacer elements can also be replaced or increased storage elements between the components of the prefabricated kit. Because according to the prior art, it is common to mount so-called elastomer bearings between such components, e.g. in the form of neoprene strips.

These bearing elements are arranged between the platform plate and the spacer on the one hand and the spacer and foundation on the other. The toothed profile of the components certainly prevents one

Horizontal displacement of the elastomer bearings. Dimensional tolerances in the

Platform slab or in the in-situ concrete foundation or prefabricated foundation part without problems by inserting non-shrinking grout under the

Spacer elements or the platform slab are compensated.

Last but not least, it is also possible, within the scope of the method according to the invention, to replace components which may have become defective with new ones, without requiring a complete renewal of the platform. In the following the invention is explained by way of example with the aid of the figures:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the platform according to the invention (system I).

Figure 2 shows a side view of the platform (system I).

Figure 3a shows a front view (cross section) of the platform with one-piece foundations. Figure 3b shows a front view (cross section) of the platform with pile foundations.

FIG. 4 shows a front view (cross section) of two parallel platforms with multi-piece spacer elements,

FIG. 5 shows a perspective of the platform slab with a negative roof profile,

Figure 6 shows the board edge facing away from the track with mounting bracket. F Fiigguurr 77 shows a schematic top view and side view with mounting bracket.

Figure 8 shows a schematic of an arc fitting.

Figure 9 shows a schematic of a recess

FIG. 10 shows schematically the connection of a mounting plate to the system plate for establishing a weather protection house,

FIG. 11 shows the systems II and III as a basic sketch,

Figure 12 shows the cross section of the platform system II.

Figure 13 shows a longitudinal section of the platform system II.

Figure 14 shows the cross section of the platform system III. F Fiigguurr 1155 shows the cross section of the System IV platform.

Figure 16 shows the foundations and drainage (System IV).

Figure 17 shows the height adjustability in System IV.

Figure 18 shows a makeshift platform.

Figure 19 shows a perspective view of a central platform.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a section of the platform according to the invention according to system I, which consists of two basic sections (platform slabs 1). The platform runs parallel to extend the rails, the upper edge of the platform must maintain a predetermined distance from the upper edge of the rails. The platform according to the invention is built on a cleanliness layer 5 or an old platform 5. On this basis, the in-situ concrete foundations 4 are first laid at certain intervals. The spacing of these foundations corresponds to the length of the platform slabs 1. The spacer elements 3 are located in one piece on the foundations 4. These are each arranged at the two end points of the foundations 4. The spacer elements 3 on the one hand form a defined support surface towards the platform plate 1, on the other hand they are suitable as light and easily interchangeable elements, the height and

To perform the side adjustability function of the platform. By replacing the spacer elements 3, it is possible to change the height or position of the platform later without changing the platform slabs 1 or the in-situ concrete foundations. Finally, the platform slabs 1 are laid from foundation to foundation, bridging the gap stably due to their own load-bearing capacity.

Figure 2 shows the construction according to the invention schematically in a side view. In particular, longitudinal beams 2 can also be seen, which are formed on the underside of the platform slabs 1 and provide stability in the longitudinal direction there. Support beams arranged in the transverse direction (cf. number 2 in FIGS. 1 and 3) likewise ensure the stability of the platform slabs in the transverse direction. In Figure 2, the overhang that the platform slab 1 has over the support beams 2 is also clearly visible. The protrusion on the narrow side, in particular, makes it possible to change the shape of the platform slab without changing the frame of the support beams (deviating from the rectangular shape) in such a way that the assembled platform slabs adapt to predetermined radii of curvature. The platform plates are preferably trapezoidal for this purpose. Furthermore, the protrusions at the joints below the platform slabs 1 form openings 11 for transverse routes. In Figure 2, some structures are also shown by way of example, for example a lamp pole 12 that can be placed as desired, railings, seating, waste bins, etc. Figure 3 shows two variants of the platform according to the invention in a front view.

FIG. 3a relates to the version with one-piece in-situ concrete foundations 4. Here too, the structure of cleanliness layer 5, foundation 4, spacer elements 3 and platform slab 1 with (transverse) support beams 2 can be seen. In addition, empty pipes 6 can be seen, which run centrally below the platform slab 1 and e.g. can serve as cable protection tubes. On the front side of the platform slab, the empty tubes 6 penetrate the cross beam 2.

Figure 3b shows a similar basic structure, but here the platform is built on a pile foundation with the piles 4 '. This construction method is preferable in difficult terrain and ground conditions, e.g. when the platform is built on a dam. The spacer elements 3 are located on the piles 4 'and can be designed as pile head beams. 3b shows the drainage channels 7 arranged on the side of the platform edge, a cable trough 8, empty pipes 6, a railing 9 mounted in plug holes and a service hatch 10.

FIG. 4 shows the front view of an alternative platform. First of all, it can be seen that two platforms actually run parallel to one another and together form a platform of double width. Both platforms are each based on the known structure of cleanliness layer 5, foundation 4, spacer elements 3 and platform slabs 1. Structures are indicated on the platforms, e.g. Weather protection devices and lighting measures. These can preferably be connected to the platform plates 1 in preassembled mounting sleeves.

The essentials of the construction according to FIG. 4 are the two-piece spacer elements 3a, 3b. These provide two support points in which the longitudinal beam beams 2a, 2b are placed. With the two-part division of the spacer elements 3, it is possible to cross-slope the To influence platform plate 1. For this purpose, spacer elements 3a, 3b of different heights can be selected. It is thus possible either to compensate for an inclination of the foundation 4 that deviates from the horizontal or to generate a corresponding inclination of the platform slab 1.

It can also be seen in FIG. 4 that platform plate 1 and spacer elements 3a, 3b, on the one hand, or spacer elements 3a, 3b and foundation 4, on the other hand, mesh with one another by means of a complementary shape. Thus, the spacer elements 3a, 3b have depressions on their upper side, into which the longitudinal beam beams 2a, 2b are inserted. Likewise, the spacer elements 3a, 3b in turn engage with protrusions in corresponding recesses in the foundations 4. In this way it is ensured without further, permanent connection measures between the components that the corresponding arrangement is stable against a load with transverse forces.

Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a platform slab 1, in which a depression is formed in the surface by a "negative roof profile", in the lowest point of which the waste water drain 13 is arranged. Of course, other shapes of the surface can also be realized depending on the needs and the desired waste water collection point.

Figure 6 shows a section of the plate side facing away from the track. You can see a c-profile 14, which is used to reinforce the edges, and the on-site I-profile 15 (wide flange bracket of the HEA or HEB version). The non-positive connection with the plate 1 is made via threaded sleeves 16 with shaft anchors, for example of the PFEIFFER type, a threaded rod and a nut 25, which is easily accessible from the outside. Openings in the upper flange, which are either manufactured beforehand in defined grid dimensions or on-site according to requirements, can be used, for example, to secure railing supports 17 in a torque-stable and easy-to-install manner. They are fastened in the lower area, for example in a base plate 21 with a screw thread. The assembly time can also be shortened if the equipment elements are already connected to the support 19 (screwed or welded) before they are screwed together with the system plate 1. The mounting bracket 19 can be flushed through a corresponding recess in the plate 1 to the concrete surface and connected with a permanently elastic joint 18. For better drainage of the water in the design variant "drainage with negative roof profile", the support can also be installed so that the top of the flange is above the concrete surface.

As a further variation, other materials (stainless steel, aluminum, plastics) or other profiles (composite c-profiles instead of I-beams, special shapes) can also be provided for the fastening rail described. Instead of the quiver holder described for the railing supports, it can also be attached to the upper or lower flange alone.

When the mounting bracket 19 is connected to the system plate 1, an adjustment can first be carried out by means of screws 20 located on the lower flange side before the final screwing takes place in the threaded sleeves 16 concreted in.

Figure 7 shows the c-profile and I-profile in a schematic plan view and a side view (side facing away from the track).

FIG. 8 shows the adaptation of the plate edges 26 on the track side to predetermined radii. Since all plate edges are drawn over the supporting structure 27 (cantilever plates), the edges can be changed without endangering the load-bearing capacity of the plate. The edge 26 on the track side can be convex, concave or oblique.

FIG. 9 shows the possibility of also changing the edge profile on the side facing away from the track, without thereby endangering the load-bearing capacity. For example, you can "avoid" natural barriers 30 (such as a rocky outcrop, a tree) or set design accents. Figure 10 shows the connection of a mounting plate 32 to the system plate 1, for example, to attach a weather protection house thereon. The transition of both plates is made by the mounting bracket 19. The mounting plate 32 can also be retrofitted to the system plates equipped with a mounting bracket.

Figure 11 shows the systems II and III in plan as a schematic diagram. The part of a central platform is shown that tapers towards the end. System II consists of two or more panels 1 lying together in the platform width. The floor plan shows the continuous trough element 40 in the middle, the two edge elements 41 running through the length and the grid of e.g. Basic beam 42 running 9 m across the entire width of the platform. System III starts where the width of the platform allows a single slab. The criteria here are the weight and the transport size of the plate. It is shown e.g. a 7 m wide and 3 m long slab that tapers towards one side. The plates of system III rest on the two outer edge beams 41 and partially, in the example every 9 m, on the base beam 42.

Figure 12 shows the cross section of the platform system II. In the figure it can be seen that on both sides of the trough element 40 is a cavity in which supply lines 42 or other channels can be accommodated. A possible attachment or foundation of platform structures, such as platform roofs etc. is also indicated. The platform is raised or lowered via a spacer element 3 under the edge support 41. This spacer element is not continuous along the length, but rather is placed on the base beams 42 . A neoprene bearing 44 is located between the edge support 41 and the spacer element 3. In the figure, the drainage takes place via a half-channel 45 in the middle between the two platform plates. The water can be discharged through a recess in the trough element 40. Subsequent lateral displacement of the platform plate 1 is possible by increasing the distance between the two plates in the middle (a larger half-channel 45 can be fitted). In this case, both platform slabs can be pushed towards the track. A side Shifting to one side takes place by shifting the complete system above the in-situ concrete foundation 4. The edge support 41 can be provided with a sound-absorbing surface on the outside.

Figure 13 shows the longitudinal section of the same platform, namely System II. Occasionally required access to the interior of the trough channel 40, e.g. to change the drainage line is possible via a side entry 46. Access to the cavity between the trough channel and edge beams can be created via a manhole cover in the platform slab, the surface of which can be adapted in color.

Figure 14 shows the cross section of the platform system III. The structure is similar to System I, but without a central trough and with only one plate 1 over the entire width of the platform.

Figure 15 shows the cross section of the system IV. It can be seen in the figure that an old existing platform 47 does not have to be completely removed. The two platform slabs 1 (with a smaller width, e.g. <7 m, a platform slab is also conceivable) are supported in the middle on a foundation with an overlying prefabricated part. An increase is possible with this system, the details of which are shown in FIG. The edge beams 41 can be clad with a sound-absorbing surface or made from a large-pore concrete on the surface. In this figure it is also shown that the foundation is so far from the threshold that it is not touched by the load spreading 48 below the threshold, which occurs at approximately 45 °, i.e. the operation of the track is not endangered during the laying of the foundations. The foundations are composed of a frost-free lean concrete layer 49, on which two precast foundations 50 are placed.

Figure 16 shows how the foundations of System IV are arranged and how the drainage of the platform can be provided. In the less wide parts of the platform, in which only one plate 1 is provided over the entire width, each plate has an inclination towards one point. These inclinations can already be provided in the plate in the precast plant. In the two- or multi-plate area, the drainage takes place in the middle between the two plates.

FIG. 17 shows the detail of height adjustability in system IV. The platform plate 1 can be changed in height by an anchor 52 (for example M20) in the steel tube 51 shown (for example diameter / thickness = 35 / 2.5 mm or 38/4 mm) -M27) of the appropriate length and thus screwing plate 1 upwards. The anchor 52 is supported downwards on a base plate 55 (e.g. 120x120x12 mm) anchored in the concrete foundation. In the plate 1 there is a base plate 56 (e.g. 120x120x12 mm) which is welded to the standpipe 51 and a nut 57 (e.g. M20-M27). There is a spiral reinforcement 58 in the plate 1 around the standpipe 51. Towards the surface of the platform, the standpipe 51 is gripped by a lockable top ring 59 ground at the top. The height is adjusted by rotating the armature 52, which e.g. can be done by an electric screwdriver 60 with roller bearing management.

The resulting space can be filled with concrete via the joint between the two panels. The adjustment is ensured by means of the sheet metal slide box 53 shown, the sealing by a neoprene lip seal 54. However, this system can no longer be lowered when filling with concrete.

Figure 18 shows a makeshift platform which e.g. can be used in the following cases:

1. As a long-term construction aid for entire construction phases (a few weeks or months). The position of the provisional platform may or may not be the same as the final position of the platform. 2. As a preliminary measure, ie in the construction state, the platform is installed in advance at a provisional location. The same system is later installed in the final state and remains there. 3. As a temporary platform extension. This is necessary, for example, if a longer track is ordered from the station provider for a limited time.

The dimensions of the makeshift platform are variable. Its width is preferably between 2.40 m and 3.00 m. The length is preferably between 6 and 9 m, so that even with this system the costs are minimized and simple equipment can be used. Since the

Makeshift platform should be installed several times at different locations, usually only certain grids are used. The temporary platform consists of precast foundations 4 and a precast slab 1, which is supported on these foundations and is secured with stainless steel brackets 61 against unintentional lateral displacement. The overhanging part can be varied as in the other systems. The precast foundations sit on a ballast bed and a thin layer of sand.

Since the edges of the temporary restorations are straight, profiled sheets made of galvanized steel or stainless steel are provided in the floor covering, which cover the expansion joint. In a straight position, this joint is permanently elastic. Railings and lighter platform structures can be mounted on the outer edge using stainless steel brackets. As a rule, lighting masts etc. must be set up separately behind the platform edge. The cables are routed above the free space under the platform slab. In this case, recesses for empty pipes must be provided in the foundations. In order to ensure the height adjustability, there is the possibility of providing a precast intermediate piece 3, the bearing surface of which is not allowed to be larger than the original supporting surface of the precast foundation, so that the loads go vertically into the foundation (supporting surface approx. 20 cm) .

FIG. 19 shows a perspective view of a central platform of the type described above for better illustration. With the arrangements described by way of example in the figures, numerous advantages can be achieved compared to the known systems:

When renovating conventionally constructed platforms with the system platform according to the invention, the old platform edges and the backfilling can largely be left in place, large mass movements avoided and expensive landfill fees saved. The system platform is assembled during the breaks during operation with two-way system vehicles or cranes and can be used immediately. The system enables preparatory work for the production of the platform, e.g. Civil engineering, foundation production, unless transport by rail is required, to be carried out outside the pressure range of the adjacent track. In this way, operational security costs and slow driving points can be minimized. If the horizontal and / or vertical position of the platform changes, all parts can be reused.

The system platform is based on a modular pre-fabricated skeleton, with which a new, modern platform can be installed in a very short construction time over a defective platform or over the earth body adjoining the formation.

By installing or removing prefabricated spacers, the platform height between 38 cm above sea level (above the top of the rail) and 96 cm above sea level can be varied at any time without great effort.

The color, structure and texture of the covering surface can be individually determined in consultation with the client and manufactured to a consistently high quality.

Thanks to the properties of the system platform, platform renovations can be carried out cost-effectively without much effort. The old platform can be left in place, narrow trenches for the support bodies must be built in 5-8m distance; all in all there are only small mass movements and correspondingly low disposal costs, which are not only economically interesting, but also show that the system platform has ecological advantages over conventionally constructed platforms. A high level of flexibility is also guaranteed for the future. The plates are moved with two-way system vehicles or profile-free rail cranes, the spacers are easily adapted to the required level. In curved layers up to a radius of 300m, the platform slabs are optimally adapted to the curvature, the passenger is able to enter without gaping gaps. In the system platform, empty pipes for all types of cable routes, mounting sleeves for platform equipment elements and support foundations for weather protection devices can be incorporated ex works. Width and length parameters are tailored to the application and the available transport options, or to a predetermined grid dimension of the user.

Furthermore, larger structures such as Roofs or weather protection devices can also be integrated according to the user's specifications, either according to the detailed sketch by connecting the required foundations to the base beam or as an individual foundation through a recess in the system plate.

Due to the prefabrication of the system components, an extremely short one

Realize construction time, the work can take place during the breaks, it is not necessary to set up a La point. There are various design options for the execution of the textures and patterns for the covering surface, which also includes the choice of

Equipment concerns.

It is also possible to integrate automatic defrosting systems based on electrical floor heating or to use the space under the system platform as a bike & rail station with lockable bicycle boxes, as a place for luggage storage, etc. Existing or planned deep drainage systems on neighboring tracks are taken into account individually through recesses in the foundation of the platform.

Standard traffic loads of 5 kN / m ² for passenger traffic and 5 kN / m ² for a 3-t baggage vehicle according to DS 804 Para. 105, Vol. 29 of DB AG can be used as load factors. The introduction of point-shaped special loads, for example for supports for weather protection devices, etc. are possible and are permitted to a large extent without changing the planning.

All components are manufactured in accordance with the regulations and provisions of DIN 1045 and ZTVK 88 and are frost and de-icing salt resistant.

Safety and control systems are both compliant with German law and designed according to strict American standards such as the American Blind Act (ADA) and the Blind Council (ACB). When accessing the system platform, ramps in accordance with DIN 18024 are provided for wheelchair-bound passengers as well as bicycle troughs on stairways to make it easier to take bicycles with you and to promote environmentally friendly bike & ride and bike & rail behavior.

As an essential component for the system platform of System I, a special precast reinforced concrete element can be used, which is based on the design of the static system of a π plate.

By choosing such a component that is used extremely successfully in industrial buildings and in residential construction, beam support can be dispensed with. Manufacturing costs and installation effort can be minimized.

Panel thickness (or web height for system I) of the system panel are sufficiently dimensioned for all conceivable operating conditions. The weight and dimensions of the element are matched to the work equipment in railway construction and the existing clearance profile. In systems II, III, IV, the plates are connected to one another in the middle of the plate in accordance with the cantilevered area, in order to permanently compensate for height differences caused by bending or production.

Pre-fabricated parts made of reinforced concrete are also used as support elements, which ensure a gradual height adjustment from 38 cm above sea level to 96 cm above sea level.

The actual foundation is made of in-situ concrete. The dimensions of the construction pits to be produced for this purpose are generally chosen so that the stability of the ballast bed is not endangered and no shoring is necessary.

Removable connections guarantee a quick and easy conversion in the event of a future change in level.

The transport anchors usually arranged in the surface of finished parts are avoided here in order not to disturb the uniform appearance of the surface by moving the plates with bands.

The foundations are dimensioned in such a way that the permissible soil pressure according to DIN 1054 or Eurocode 7 is observed. In the case of particularly poor geotechnical conditions, soil stabilization is required in individual cases or deep foundation is necessary.

Basically all desired surface structures can be realized. At the request of the user, the covering side, especially along the track side, must be equipped with a sure-footed, rough structure and a guide marking must be provided, which is indispensable as a visually and tactile orientation aid for special groups of people. A special surface quality, which is characterized by a high abrasion value and insensitivity to environmental influences and the use of de-icing agents, is particularly preferred. With this platform, no additional work step is required to manufacture the surface. Different colors, structures, grids and coverings can be individually manufactured in the precast plant according to the user's wishes. The necessary construction joints (eg to separate different colors) are poured with shrink-free mortar so that there is no loss of the statically required covering of the reinforcement of at least 3 cm. This is necessary in order to minimize the thickness of the panels and thus their weight. This version can be sanded in color, to match the colors of the surface.

example

for the area of the platform edge: a 30-50 cm wide strip with a particularly non-slip structure (e.g.

Quintet pattern, checker plate pattern, other shapes),

for the tactile guiding strip: a 25 cm wide guiding marking, e.g.

Knob structure according to ADA and ACD,

for the platform: pavement structure, various variations possible.

The drainage is collected in a drainage channel and either fed to the ground in a septic tank or discharged into the sewage system. A cross slope of 1-2% of the system platform to the side facing away from the track or (usually) to the center reliably ensures that the water flows off evenly.

In the case of different heights of the two tracks leading along the central platform, a uniform gradient to the central drainage is ensured by the plate widths can be varied so that a uniform gradient is maintained from both sides. In a further possible embodiment, the water can be collected centrally in one or more points by a special negative profiling of the plate surface and fed to a drain line.

The platform system allows free access to the cavity under the platform at any point, e.g. via a manhole. The surface structure is continued in the manhole cover.

The cables are routed via cable protection tubes integrated into the plate in System I, or through empty tubes arranged below the plate in the other systems. An uncomplicated supply of the platform equipment is guaranteed by cable connection boxes at regular intervals and the subsequent pulling in of cables is made possible.

Depending on the type and diameter of the cables, many cables can be pulled into the plate. A cable trough can optionally be installed in the space under the plate, in which additional lines such as e.g. can be accommodated for the installation of a parallel communication network. At the same time, the cavity under the platform slab can accommodate cable guides. The cavities can be made accessible through doors or openings in order to e.g. to use as storage space for winter service.

In the case of line electrification, the platform slabs and the equipment elements are grounded according to the provisions and notes of DIN 57 115 Part 1 (VDE 0115 Part 1) via connection sockets on the rails. Reference list:

1 platform plate 35 33 support for weather protection house

2 beams 34 roof line weather protection house

3 spacers 35 foundation

5 4.4 'foundations 36 side wall (glazed)

5 Cleanliness layer 37 pylon / support element

6 empty tubes 40 38 add-on element / showcase

7 drainage channel 39 support

8 cable trough 40 trough element

10 9 railings 41 edge element

10 service hatch 42 basic beams

11 Cross route 45 43 supply lines

12 lamp posts 44 neoprene bearings

13 drain 45 half-channel

15 14 C-profile 46 Entry

15 I-profile 47 Old platform

16 threaded sleeves 50 48 Load spread

17 railing support 49 lean concrete layer

18 permanently elastic joint 50 precast foundation 0 19 mounting bracket 51 steel tube

20 screws 52 anchors

21 Base plate 55 53 Sheet metal slide box

22 Railing mount 54 neoprene lip seal

23 Joint mounting bracket 55 base plate 5 24 glass panel 56 base plate

25 Bolting to platform 57 Mother board 60 58 Spiral reinforcement

26 slab edge to track 59 attachment ring

27 Support structure 60 Electric screwdriver 0 28 Track axis 61 Angle 29 Platform axis 30 Barrier 31 Cut-out 32 Attachment plate

Claims

Claims:

1. Changeable platform with one or more platform plates (1) and foundations (4), which is particularly variable in height, characterized in that the platform plates (1) have support areas on their underside, within which they can be at any point on the support points of the platform substructure can be placed, and / or that the platform substructure has support areas on its upper side, within which the platform slabs (1) can be placed anywhere, so that the platform slabs (1) are arranged in different horizontal positions above the foundations (4) can be.

2. Changeable platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the platform plates (1) are prefabricated components.

3. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains one or more spacer elements (3), which are preferably prefabricated components, which in the assembled state between the platform plates (1) and

Foundations (4) are arranged, and which can be replaced without damaging the platform slabs (1), foundations (4) and spacer elements (3).

4. Changeable platform according to claim 3, characterized in that the platform plates (1) on the spacer elements (3) and / or the spacer elements (3) on the foundations (4) can be placed stably in different horizontal positions, or the distance the foundations can be varied.

5. Changeable platform according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the platform plate (1) rests releasably connected to the spacer elements (3) and / or the spacer elements (3) rest releasably connected to the foundations (4), the detachable connection can be a screw.

6. Changeable platform according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the platform plate (1) and the spacer elements (3) and / or the spacer elements (3) and the

Foundations (4) are toothed or have a complementary, interlocking shape so that no unintentional parallel displacement of the parts against each other is possible.

7. Changeable platform according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the platform plates (1) and / or the spacer elements (3) extend in one piece over the width of the platform.

8. Changeable platform according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that at least two spacer elements (3a, 3b) between the platform plates (1) and each foundation (4) are arranged.

9. Changeable platform according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that between platform plate (1) and

Spacer elements (3) support elements (40, 41) are arranged, which are preferably prefabricated components.

10. Changeable platform according to claim 9, characterized in that the carrier elements (40, 41) parallel to

Rail run from foundation to foundation.

11. Changeable platform according to one of claims 9 or 11, characterized in that it is in the support elements to support beams (41) or U-shaped trough elements (40), the trough elements (40) preferably in such a way under two in the platform width side by side Platform plates (1) are each one

U-leg carries one of the platform slabs (1).

12. Changeable platform according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that between the spacer elements (3) and the foundations (4) base beams (42), which are preferably

Finished components are and run transverse to the direction of the rails from foundations (4) to foundations (4).

13. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the platform plate (1) is supported on the platform substructure via height-adjustable feet (52).

14. Changeable platform according to claim 13, characterized in that the height-adjustable feet consist of a threaded anchor (52) of different depths in the

Platform plate (1) or the platform substructure can be screwed in.

15. Changeable platform according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the threaded anchor (52) on one

Base plate (55) is supported.

16. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the platform plate (1) has on its underside parallel support beams (2, 2a, 2b) formed.

17. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that in the platform plate (1) recesses for cable protection tubes (6) are integrated.

18. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the platform plate (1) has mounting sleeves for platform structures.

19. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the platform plate (1) has a profile deviating from the plane for the derivation of surface water, in particular a negative profile for collecting the surface water in one or more sinks.

20. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the platform plate (1) has a waste water channel (7) running along its longitudinal edge.

21. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the platform plate (1) has a weight of less than 10,000 kg, preferably less than 8,000 kg.

22. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the platform plate (1) has a width of 2 to 5 m, preferably 2.5 to 3.0 m, and a length of 4 to 10 m, preferably 5 up to 7.5 m.

23. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the platform plate (1) is equipped with a non-slip surface and / or safety and guidance systems.

24. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the platform slab (1) is produced by using different concrete compositions, in particular concretes of different colors and / or aggregates, preferably using glass fiber concrete.

25. Changeable platform according to claim 24, characterized in that the different concretes are placed side by side, preferably in a grid structure with construction joints in the platform slab (1).

26. Changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the platform plate (1) has a shape suitable for generating curvature profiles.

27. Use of a changeable platform according to one of claims 1 to 26 as a prefabricated kit.

28. A method for adjusting the position of a platform according to one of claims 5 to 26, characterized in that a) the platform plate (1) is raised, preferably with the aid of hydraulic presses rail cranes and / or excavators, b) optionally the spacer elements (3) against new spacer elements of the desired height are exchanged or spacer elements are installed or dismantled or shrink-free grout under the

Spacer elements / platform plate is brought, and c) the platform plate (1) with the desired horizontal position is lowered onto the spacer elements.