EP0864499A1 - Verfahren zum Öffnen von Säcken - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Öffnen von Säcken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0864499A1
EP0864499A1 EP97104347A EP97104347A EP0864499A1 EP 0864499 A1 EP0864499 A1 EP 0864499A1 EP 97104347 A EP97104347 A EP 97104347A EP 97104347 A EP97104347 A EP 97104347A EP 0864499 A1 EP0864499 A1 EP 0864499A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bags
laser
conveying means
cutting
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP97104347A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Coryse Coudray
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Generale D'entreprises Automobiles Cgea Cie
Original Assignee
Generale D'entreprises Automobiles Cgea Cie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Generale D'entreprises Automobiles Cgea Cie filed Critical Generale D'entreprises Automobiles Cgea Cie
Priority to EP97104347A priority Critical patent/EP0864499A1/de
Publication of EP0864499A1 publication Critical patent/EP0864499A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B69/00—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B69/0008—Opening and emptying bags

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of opening bags containing waste or other bulk materials.
  • Waste and, in particular, garbage housewares are often packaged in bags intended for this purpose or used for other purposes and re-used for this purpose. These bags are collected Then directed to specialized centers in which the waste is sorted and possibly treated. In these centers, we open and emptying bags.
  • the opening means that is to say the sharp thread of a worm, the teeth of a toothed wheel or spikes or rods wear out on contact waste and require considerable maintenance.
  • these opening means break objects of glass contained in the waste, which makes sorting much longer and more complex waste.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a plastic bag opening process which overcomes lower cost the aforementioned drawbacks, the means of cutting of bags requiring only low maintenance and not being subjected to mechanical wear, the bags being opened in one piece, without breaking glass and with a high yield.
  • the invention having as its first object a process opening bags containing waste or other bulk materials with a cutting step said bags, arranged on conveyor means, at the by means of a laser beam, characterized in that the cutting is performed on an element of the surface bottom of the bags kept substantially flat by the conveyor means.
  • a second subject of the invention which can be considered independent of the first aforementioned object, and which solves a problem relating to the advancement of the bags instead of cutting, relates to a method of opening bags containing waste or other bulk materials, characterized in that the bags are lined up in particular by means of a worm.
  • a third subject of the invention which can be considered independent of the aforementioned objects, and which solves a problem relating to the opening sensu stricto, emptying and separating the bags from their contents, relates to a method of opening bags containing waste or other loose material with a cut out and arranged on a set of two means of conveying, characterized in that said opening, at the origin of the emptying of the bags, is caused by a relative distance of the two conveying means.
  • HDPE high density or low density polyethylene
  • LDPE low density polyethylene
  • Their dimensions, width and height are different from one bag to another, but it is estimated that the width of the bags 1 is, on average, between 40 and 50 cm, and that their height is, on average, between 60 and 70 cm.
  • Bags 1 contain waste 2 or other loose materials in variable quantity. It's about in particular selective collection products such as household waste including for example boxes metal cans, glass bottles or plastic, wood, newspapers and cardboard packaging, or in rare cases waste liquids or gases such as gasoline or bombs aerosols. The waste 2 contained in the bags 1 is therefore likely to be flammable.
  • bags 1 The population of bags 1 described above presents a certain heterogeneity. Depending on the case, bags 1 are said to be small or large, light or heavy, soft or hard, or more or less full.
  • the bags 1 collected and comprising the waste 2 is brought to a sorting center. The, they are unloaded and directed to delivery means in a line of bags 1 shown in Figure 1.
  • a hopper 3 supply comprising a deflector 4 and one of which lower part leads to an opening 5 plumb of one end of an endless screw 6.
  • This screw 6 is formed of a cylinder 7 on which a coil has been welded 8 helical, said cylinder 7 being, in the mode of embodiment shown in Figure 1, integral with at least a wheel 9 driven by a motor not shown.
  • the cylinder 7 is provided a central axis through which is done training.
  • cylinder 7 is a metal tube between 3.5 and 6 m in length and of diameter between 400 and 600 mm approximately.
  • the height of coil 8 is between 60 and 100 mm and the screw pitch is of the order of 1 m.
  • a sheet 10 of inclined guide is also partly fixed lower, below the axis of rotation 11 of the screw 6 and a retaining plate 12 is placed vertically, above this screw 6.
  • the bags 1 unloaded in the hopper 3 abut, if necessary, on the deflector 4 which bends their course so as to avoid any jamming at the outlet of the hopper 3.
  • the bags 1 fall on the end of screw 6. Since the dimensions and the relative position of the opening 5 from the hopper 3 with respect to the screw 6 are advantageously calculated to allow the passage of 1 larger bags one by one, these 1 bags larger ones fit naturally at each portion of the pitch defined by the thread of the screw 6. There, the 1 largest bags, confined to the bottom of the space formed between the worm 6 and the sheet 10 of guide, have a stable position which they keep during of their advance along said screw 6 caused by the rotation of cylinder 7.
  • these conveying means are formed of a set of two transport chains 13 substantially parallel.
  • These chains 13 are made up of 14 steel links or any other sufficiently resistant material such as plastic, said links 14 being bristling with spikes 15 or other reversible means of securing the bags 1.
  • the bags 1, retained by the pins 15, are then driven by chains 13 in synchronous movement and directed instead of cutting.
  • This cutting is carried out by means of a beam 17 of a laser 16.
  • This beam 17, shown in FIG. 3, is electromagnetic radiation. He can be parallel.
  • a beam is preferably chosen 17 says focused, which consists of an incident beam 18 focused by a 19-in-one convergence lens focal point 20 where the energy / surface ratio is maximum.
  • the laser beam 17 Upstream of the focal point 20, the laser beam 17 has a convergence cone 21 and downstream, a divergence cone 22.
  • the surface density of power of a focused beam 17 is maximum at focal point 20 and only at this point 20.
  • the waste 2 which is therefore too much in downstream of the focal point 20, in the divergence cone 22, receive a power surface density well lower than the density at focal point 20, which is a particularly interesting advantage of focused beam lasers 16.
  • the laser 16 is placed between the chains 13, directly below these chains 13, so that the laser beam 17 is directed substantially in the center of space separating the chains 13 and meets a element 23 of the lower surface 24 of a bag 1 scrolling.
  • the chains 13 are substantially parallel or then deviate slightly from each other.
  • the elements 23 of the lower surface 24 between the chains 13 are thus substantially planar and the distance between the end of the laser 16 and said elements 23 is substantially constant over the length of bag 1. It is therefore possible to focus the beam laser 17 on each element 23 of the surface 24 bottom of bags 1 so that the distance between the focal point 20 and said element 23 remains lower about 50 mm.
  • the power of the laser 16 is chosen so that the elements 23 of the surface 24 of the bags 1 receive a surface density of minimum power D sufficient for there to be a melting of the plastic of the bags 1 and that, therefore, cutting is done.
  • Tests were carried out and the results given in the following table were obtained: D (W / mm 2 ) 31.80 4.91 1.3 0.62 V (m / min) 35 17 13 8 D is, in practice, between 0.5 W / mm 2 and 2000 W / mm 2 approximately and, for example, between 50 W / mm 2 and 1000 W / mm 2 approximately.
  • the energy released by the laser 16 on the elements 23 of the surface 24 of the bags 1 is normally not sufficient to ignite the waste 2.
  • an inert gas 27, for example nitrogen or argon for example nitrogen or argon.
  • the optical unit 26 of the laser 16, which includes the convergence lens 19, is constructed so that the inert gas 27 can spread in said unit 26 and escape through an orifice 28 from the upper end of the laser 16 also allowing the passage of the beam 17.
  • the bags 1, which scroll one after the other above the laser beam 17, are cut 29 by example, in the sense of their height, their upper end closed with a cord at their lower end, or in any other direction.
  • This cutout 29, shown in Figure 3, is unique. She may be dotted.
  • the bags 1 open are emptied then separated from their content 2, continuously.
  • the invention must be understood in a general meaning including in particular other modes of embodiment in which the conveying means do not consist of a set of two chains but for example by a set of two conveyors or then in which the bags would be brought, for their cutting, on a fixed plate pierced with an orifice, said plate then constituting an element of the means conveyor. It is also possible to plan, still within the framework of the invention, modes of realization in which the bags would be conveyed at a cutting location where the laser itself would be moved, the bags remaining fixed above the beam scrolling the laser.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
EP97104347A 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Verfahren zum Öffnen von Säcken Ceased EP0864499A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97104347A EP0864499A1 (de) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Verfahren zum Öffnen von Säcken

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97104347A EP0864499A1 (de) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Verfahren zum Öffnen von Säcken

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0864499A1 true EP0864499A1 (de) 1998-09-16

Family

ID=8226597

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97104347A Ceased EP0864499A1 (de) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Verfahren zum Öffnen von Säcken

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0864499A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012163311A1 (de) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Dirk Barnstedt Vorrichtung zum öffnen von verpackungen
WO2016001488A1 (en) * 2014-07-03 2016-01-07 Serres Oy Emptying device, assembly and method for emptying suction bag
CN114194542A (zh) * 2021-12-29 2022-03-18 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 一种自动上料系统及使用方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2012814A1 (de) * 1970-03-18 1971-09-30 Buttner Schilde Haas AG, 4150Krefeld Uerdingen Vorrichtung zum Entleeren von Sacken
DE2926398A1 (de) * 1979-01-10 1980-07-24 Marchesini Flli Wam Aufreissvorrichtung fuer saecke, besonders fuer einwegsaecke oder -verpackungen, die granulate oder pulvriges material enthalten
EP0443999A1 (de) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-28 First Brands Corporation Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Plastikbeuteln
EP0563002A1 (de) * 1992-03-23 1993-09-29 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Müllsäcken
DE4319790A1 (de) * 1993-05-10 1994-11-17 Adam Udo Maschinenfabrik Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Müllsäcken
EP0713831A1 (de) * 1994-11-24 1996-05-29 Metaalbedrijf Busschers B.V. Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Beuteln
FR2738800A1 (fr) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-21 Sarm Sa Procede d'ouverture de sacs en plastique

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2012814A1 (de) * 1970-03-18 1971-09-30 Buttner Schilde Haas AG, 4150Krefeld Uerdingen Vorrichtung zum Entleeren von Sacken
DE2926398A1 (de) * 1979-01-10 1980-07-24 Marchesini Flli Wam Aufreissvorrichtung fuer saecke, besonders fuer einwegsaecke oder -verpackungen, die granulate oder pulvriges material enthalten
EP0443999A1 (de) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-28 First Brands Corporation Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Plastikbeuteln
EP0563002A1 (de) * 1992-03-23 1993-09-29 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Müllsäcken
DE4319790A1 (de) * 1993-05-10 1994-11-17 Adam Udo Maschinenfabrik Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Müllsäcken
EP0713831A1 (de) * 1994-11-24 1996-05-29 Metaalbedrijf Busschers B.V. Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Beuteln
FR2738800A1 (fr) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-21 Sarm Sa Procede d'ouverture de sacs en plastique

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012163311A1 (de) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Dirk Barnstedt Vorrichtung zum öffnen von verpackungen
WO2016001488A1 (en) * 2014-07-03 2016-01-07 Serres Oy Emptying device, assembly and method for emptying suction bag
US10807755B2 (en) 2014-07-03 2020-10-20 Serres Oy Emptying device, assembly and method for emptying suction bag
CN114194542A (zh) * 2021-12-29 2022-03-18 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 一种自动上料系统及使用方法

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