EP0863296A2 - Aube statorique pour turbines à vapeur - Google Patents

Aube statorique pour turbines à vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0863296A2
EP0863296A2 EP98810079A EP98810079A EP0863296A2 EP 0863296 A2 EP0863296 A2 EP 0863296A2 EP 98810079 A EP98810079 A EP 98810079A EP 98810079 A EP98810079 A EP 98810079A EP 0863296 A2 EP0863296 A2 EP 0863296A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
cover
cavity
guide vane
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98810079A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0863296A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dr. Ernst
Kurt Faller
Reinhard Fried
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of EP0863296A2 publication Critical patent/EP0863296A2/fr
Publication of EP0863296A3 publication Critical patent/EP0863296A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
    • F01D5/182—Transpiration cooling
    • F01D5/183—Blade walls being porous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/32—Collecting of condensation water; Drainage ; Removing solid particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a guide vane for steam turbines with a by a vacuum in the interior of the blade, with at least a cover provided with a porous capillary Opening for a fluid suction from the blade surface, preferably in the Area of the blade trailing edge, the opening opening into the cavity and the cover is dimensioned so that all capillaries during of the company are filled with the fluid to be extracted.
  • Guide vanes in the low-pressure section of steam turbines are generally known are equipped with water suction. Show guide vanes of this type for example, in the area of their rear edge openings that are parallel as slots to the blade edge or as bores, and which in one Guide the cavity inside the guide vane.
  • the cavities of all guide vanes are connected to an annular channel that connects itself to the capacitor the steam turbine plant is connected. The cavity becomes from the capacitor inside the guide vane with a comparatively low vacuum acted upon. With the help of this vacuum, the surface of the Guide vane condensed water is sucked into the openings and gets from there further into the capacitor.
  • DE-A1-2 038 047 also discloses these openings for water extraction covered with porous, liquid-permeable material.
  • the porous material With the help of a comparatively large pressure drop, the porous material becomes permanent partially vacuumed to create enough open pores in which then the water wetting the blade surface with the help of the capillary action is drawn in. With the help of the pressure gradient, the water is then aspirated from the pores into the blade cavity.
  • the porous Covering a certain portion of the steam flowing around the blade also suctioned off, which results in a reduction in the performance of the turbine.
  • To maintain the comparatively large pressure drop for the Water extraction uses a comparatively large amount of energy.
  • a guide vane of the type mentioned is known from DE-A1-195 04 631.
  • This vane is characterized by the porous cover and the liquid-filled Capillaries to withstand negative pressure Wall formed. This wall is only where it is wetted with the fluid for the fluid permeable.
  • the porous cover has a pore size that the fluid to be extracted and the vacuum are adjusted.
  • the openings for the fluid suction have a comparatively small effective cross section on.
  • Between the vacuum cavity and the steam-exposed turbine interior is always a sealed wall during operation present that is made up of the porous material of the cover and that in all Capillaries this cover builds up fluid contained. This dense wall holds continuously the pressure drop between the turbine interior called the barrier pressure and the inner cavity pressurized.
  • the openings for the covers are in the blade in the area of the rear edge as a single or multi-part groove running parallel to the blade edge educated.
  • the porous cover is flat with the guide vane or partial soldering, by welding, by gluing and / or connected by mechanical caulking. All of these known Fastening methods make it difficult to replace the cover in the If necessary.
  • the invention is based on the object, a guide vane at the beginning to provide the type mentioned with detachable means for fluid suction.
  • the fastener is a spring-loaded Quick release is essentially made up of one in the blade cavity protruding sleeve and an axially displaceable inside the sleeve Thorn that penetrates the bottom of the can and at its end with a cap resting on the inner wall of the blade is provided.
  • An extremely flat element can be designed to measure as close as possible to the trailing edge of the blade to be drained can.
  • the cap has four on its cylindrical outer circumference Flattened is provided. There are two opposing flats chosen so that the cap against insertion when inserted into the blade cavity Spring force penetrates the opening. Then the cap is turned over by means of the mandrel Rotated 90 ° and with two further flats opposite each other from the spring force to the inner walls of the opening that delimit the opening Shovel pressed.
  • the cover can be installed and removed with it in the simplest way.
  • the spring means are formed from a package of disc springs, with the corresponding spring selection the contact or prestressing forces on the existing conditions are adjusted.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a guide vane 1 of a steam turbine
  • the Blade 2 is welded together from two preformed sheets and which is connected to the foot 5 by means of a welded connection.
  • the surface of the airfoil 2 is a plurality of mutually overlapping openings 3 milled in the form of longitudinal grooves. These extend parallel to downstream blade edge 4. These grooves 3 do not have to run over the entire length of the guide vane 1, but are only there provided where liquid is to be aspirated. Usually you will Load the suction device on the radially outer third of the bucket.
  • a cavity 6 is provided, which is in the inner cavity 18 of the airfoil 2 extends. In this cavity 18th the grooves 3 open.
  • the cavities 6 and 18 are with the, not shown, pressurized condenser of the steam turbine system connected and are therefore under negative pressure. With 8 is the outflow direction of the water to be withdrawn from the cavity 6 into the condenser.
  • each groove 3 is provided with a porous cover 7, which closes against the surface of the airfoil 2.
  • the porous Cover 7 in the form of a strip of a highly porous sintered material Chromium-nickel base lies on a shoulder 9 of the groove flank (Fig. 3).
  • the differential pressure the porous cover 7 is usually in the range of 10 up to 50 mbar, preferably at about 20 mbar.
  • a section through a single, simplified representation is shown schematically Capillary 11 of a porous cover 7 completely saturated with a fluid.
  • the capillary 11 is, like all other capillaries 11, of the porous cover 7 filled with a fluid.
  • the capillaries 11 are in the porous cover 7 with one another cross-linked, so that when a fluid hits a point the porous cover 7 immediately all of the capillaries 11 with this fluid fills.
  • the fluid is usually distilled water. Because of the Surface tension of the water and due to the capillary action forms in the capillary 11 from a water column 12.
  • the shape of the menisci 13a, 13b is determined by determines the surface tension of the water.
  • the meniscus 13a is the assigned to the steam-applied side of the porous cover 7.
  • the surface 14 of the porous cover 7 is also the side exposed to steam assigned while the surface 15 of this cover the capacitor side, is assigned to the side of the cover 7 which is subjected to negative pressure.
  • the water column 12 remains in the normal case, it is by the pending pressure difference, the so-called barrier pressure, not from the capillary 11, or removed from the entirety of all capillaries 11.
  • the porous cover 7 forms one with the water columns 12 present in all capillaries 11 pressure-tight wall that always withstands the existing barrier pressure, so that none Steam can be sucked through this wall into the condenser so that in this embodiment of the porous cover 7 no loss of efficiency Steam turbine occurs due to steam loss.
  • a strand 16 flows from the surface 14 Guide vane 1 condensed water.
  • the upper meniscus 13a of the water column 12 is destroyed.
  • the capillary action and the surface tension of the lower meniscus 13b is now sufficient no longer out to keep the water column 12 stationary, the water from the Strand 16 penetrates capillary 11 and lower meniscus 13b merges in a bulge 17.
  • the bulge 17 takes because of the Capillary 11 after flowing water to a drop shape, as in Fig. 4b shown.
  • the drop of water thus created then drips off and is removed by the Vacuum conveyed into the condenser.
  • Fig. 5 is held by the fluid-soaked porous cover 7 Barrier pressure depending on the grain size for the manufacture of the porous cover 7 material used, and thus indirectly from the size of capillaries 11.
  • On the ordinate of this diagram is the Barrier pressure in bar and on the abscissa is the average grain size for the Production of the porous cover 7 material used in microns.
  • the menisci 13a, 13b thus also have a larger one due to the barrier pressure acted area. If the capillary 11 is not due to the barrier pressure may be emptied, the barrier pressure must be reduced accordingly.
  • the water strikes the porous cover 7 in the form of a single strand 16 and wets an area of approximately 50 mm 2 lying on the surface 14.
  • the water is distributed in the capillary system of the porous cover 7 and emerges on the entire surface 15 of the cover 7 which is subjected to negative pressure, in this case this is approximately 1000 mm 2 , which are available for dripping off the water which has passed through. Only in this way is it at all possible to discharge such comparatively large amounts of water through the porous cover 7. It is clearly shown that the porous covers 7 designed in this way allow the amounts of condensed water which occur in today's steam turbines on the guide vanes 1 to be discharged properly.
  • the cover 7 provided with the capillaries lies on a shoulder 9 of the groove 3 arranged in the blade wall 2. On your it is flush with the outside of the channel through which the air flows Outside wall of the shovel. In the area of the fastener 20, it is with a preferably cylindrical through bore 32, which in turn has a recess 22.
  • the mechanical fastening element 20 is a spring-loaded quick-release fastener educated. Stainless steel is preferably used as the material. It consists on the one hand of a sleeve 21, which has a in the recess 22 inserted ring flange 23 the cover in the blade opening 3 fixed. With its cylindrical part 24, the sleeve protrudes into the blade cavity 18 in. On the other hand, there is an axially displaceable mandrel 25 in the interior of the sleeve provided which is equipped with spring means 26. This is a package of stacked disc springs between the mandrel base 33 and the bottom 27 of the sleeve are guided.
  • the thorn penetrates this floor 27 of the can and is at its end with one on the inner wall of the shovel overlying cap 28 provided.
  • the cap is preferably with the mandrel welded. When assembled, it is with the inner walls of your Hollow part guided on the cylindrical outer wall of the sleeve and can slide along.
  • the cap 28 is on its cylindrical outer circumference with four flats Mistake. Two flats 29 lying opposite one another (FIG. 7) extend over the entire height of the cap and are chosen in their dimensions so that the cap penetrates the groove 3 when it is inserted into the blade cavity.
  • the mandrel is removed using a tool raised against the spring force.
  • the mandrel base has a slot 31 For example, to accommodate a screwdriver.
  • the cap By rotating the mandrel through 90 °, the cap is now placed on the support brought the inner walls of the blade delimiting the opening 3.
  • these overlays are the two other flats lying opposite each other 30 provided, which are only attached to the lower part of the cap. she are dimensioned in such a way that when the mandrel is relieved, the cap follows the spring force is lowered to the edges of the groove and there with little lateral Game sits.
  • the guide vane can of course be used just as well be solid and made of GGG40, for example be poured.
  • a groove-shaped can then be formed in the surface of the airfoil Be poured or milled opening 3.
  • the required paragraph 9 is milled or eroded using a copy milling machine. During the milling process care is taken at the same time that casting residues that have the groove cross section unacceptably reduce.
  • the base of the guide vane will in turn have a cavity 6 in which the porous Cover 7 provided groove opens.
EP98810079A 1997-03-08 1998-02-04 Aube statorique pour turbines à vapeur Withdrawn EP0863296A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19709607A DE19709607A1 (de) 1997-03-08 1997-03-08 Leitschaufel für Dampfturbinen
DE19709607 1997-03-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0863296A2 true EP0863296A2 (fr) 1998-09-09
EP0863296A3 EP0863296A3 (fr) 2001-03-21

Family

ID=7822721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98810079A Withdrawn EP0863296A3 (fr) 1997-03-08 1998-02-04 Aube statorique pour turbines à vapeur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6007296A (fr)
EP (1) EP0863296A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19709607A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1006263B1 (fr) * 1998-11-30 2004-01-07 ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd Refroidissement d'aube
EP1847696A1 (fr) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composant pour un système de post-combustion dans une turbine à gaz et turbine à gaz associée.
EP2252418A1 (fr) * 2008-03-11 2010-11-24 ALSTOM Technology Ltd Objet moulé coulé en creux
US8545170B2 (en) * 2009-10-27 2013-10-01 General Electric Company Turbo machine efficiency equalizer system
US9032733B2 (en) 2013-04-04 2015-05-19 General Electric Company Turbomachine system with direct header steam injection, related control system and program product
JP2015031185A (ja) 2013-08-01 2015-02-16 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 蒸気タービンの湿分分離装置及び蒸気タービン静翼
JP6393178B2 (ja) * 2014-12-15 2018-09-19 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 蒸気タービン静翼
KR102230700B1 (ko) * 2017-09-12 2021-03-23 한국기계연구원 가스 터빈용 블레이드

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2038047A1 (de) 1970-07-31 1972-02-03 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Entwässerung der Oberflachen der Leitschaufeln und des Stromungsraumes von Dampfturbinen, insbesondere Satt und Naßdampfturbinen
DE19504631A1 (de) 1995-02-13 1996-08-14 Abb Research Ltd Leitschaufel für Dampfturbinen

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US741776A (en) * 1902-12-13 1903-10-20 Gen Electric Means for improving the efficiency of turbines.
GB1099501A (en) * 1964-05-12 1968-01-17 Merz And Mclellan Services Ltd Improvements relating to steam turbines
US3778190A (en) * 1971-10-01 1973-12-11 Gen Electric Bucket cover attachment
GB1411057A (en) * 1973-04-06 1975-10-22 Kosyak J F Steam turbines
US3881842A (en) * 1973-04-10 1975-05-06 Jury Fedorovich Kosyak Diaphragm for steam turbine stage
JPS58176404A (ja) * 1982-04-08 1983-10-15 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd ドレン除去装置
US4812097A (en) * 1984-07-18 1989-03-14 Moulton Anthony D Spring action fastener
US4902181A (en) * 1984-07-18 1990-02-20 Moulton Anthony D Spring action fastener
CH671072A5 (fr) * 1986-01-15 1989-07-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
JPH0315847Y2 (fr) * 1986-03-31 1991-04-05
US5267828A (en) * 1992-11-13 1993-12-07 General Electric Company Removable fan shroud panel
JP3297972B2 (ja) * 1995-04-17 2002-07-02 株式会社パイオラックス 固定クリップ

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2038047A1 (de) 1970-07-31 1972-02-03 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Entwässerung der Oberflachen der Leitschaufeln und des Stromungsraumes von Dampfturbinen, insbesondere Satt und Naßdampfturbinen
DE19504631A1 (de) 1995-02-13 1996-08-14 Abb Research Ltd Leitschaufel für Dampfturbinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0863296A3 (fr) 2001-03-21
DE19709607A1 (de) 1998-09-10
US6007296A (en) 1999-12-28

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