EP0861141A1

EP0861141A1 - Dry shaver

Info

Publication number: EP0861141A1
Application number: EP96934666A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Martin Klein
Original assignee: Braun GmbH
Current assignee: Braun GmbH
Priority date: 1995-11-18
Filing date: 1996-10-12
Publication date: 1998-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2016-10-12
Also published as: DE59609106D1; CN1202126A; JP2000500370A; US6151780A; DE19543095C1; WO1997018929A1; CN1103661C; ATE216306T1; EP0861141B1

Abstract

The invention is directed to a dry shaving apparatus, with an electric motor arranged in a housing and with at least one shaving head comprising two inner cutters which are operatively associated with a common outer cutter and are arranged to be driven in relative opposite directions by a drive element against the force of at least one spring element, wherein the inner cutters and the spring element are guided for movement in relative opposite directions by means of a common guide element, the guide element is carried in bracket elements, and the inner cutters are adapted to be acted upon by drive elements movable in relative opposite directions.

Description

Dry shaver

The invention relates to a dry shaving apparatus with an electric motor arranged in a housing and with at least one shaving head consisting of two lower knives assigned to a common upper knife, which are arranged so as to be drivable in opposite directions by a drive element against the spring force of at least one spring element.

From AT-PS 228 677 it is known to reduce the mechanical vibrations generated by a vibration motor and transmitted to the housing by the fact that the two magnetic legs and the masses of the vibration motor moved by it are shaped and dimensioned such that the focal points of the two of the magnetic legs and the systems formed by the moving masses coincide at least approximately in the position of these systems corresponding to the zero crossing of their mechanical vibrations. Regardless of these vibration reduction measures carried out on the vibration motor, the drive vibrations required for driving a lower knife are transmitted to the lower knife in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 by means of a double-armed lever acting on two driving pins provided on the lower knife. In the absence of compensation for the mass of the lower blade set in vibration here, these vibrations are inevitably transmitted to the housing of the dry shaving apparatus. The transmission of motion from the double-armed lever to the driver pins is subject to considerable wear and tear, with increasing noise as the wear increases, each time the direction of vibration changes. Such disturbing impact noises also result in the embodiment according to FIG. 5. In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the two lower knives are moved by the oscillating arms against the pressure of springs resting on the housing of the dry shaving apparatus. As a result, all vibrations of the vibration system are transmitted to the housing, so that it vibrates unpleasantly. In addition, the swinging arms acting on the driving pin of the lower knife are arranged offset next to one another, as a result of which a torque is exerted on the lower knives in such a way that there is no precise swinging movement in the longitudinal direction of the two lower knives. In addition, in each of FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 there is no requirement for the lower knife (s) to have a good cutting action. The invention has for its object to improve a dry shaver of the type mentioned, in particular to create a dry shaver in which vibrations and running noise are largely reduced and which is inexpensive to manufacture.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a dry shaver of the type mentioned by the features specified in claim 1.

The drive system according to the invention, which sets the two lower knives in vibration, has a number of advantages. The drive system consists of a self-contained power system which, due to its non-forceful arrangement to the housing, cannot transmit vibrations to the housing. The drive system works vibration-free due to its complete mass balance. The drive system with its components is insensitive to manufacturing tolerances and wear. The spring element (s) acting on the lower knives, including the drive elements driven by the electric motor, ensure permanent tolerance compensation and convert the kinetic energy of the lower knives into usable potential energy. As a result, the drive consumes less energy than other known bed knives that set moving drive systems. When a rotary motor is used, the cutting frequency of the lower knives can be doubled in connection with an elliptically shaped rotor. In addition, the drive is characterized by a significantly lower level of noise, since the spring elements provided also compensate for wear on movable components. Another advantage of the invention is that it can be used in a variety of dry shavers with differently designed shaving heads or cutting systems. The drive system according to the invention can be used in dry shaving apparatuses which are equipped with both a shaving head and with a plurality of shaving heads. The shaving heads as such can be designed exclusively as short hair cutters or also as long hair cutters and can be used as a combination of short hair cutters and long hair cutters and driven by the drive system according to the invention. Furthermore, the shaving heads can be arranged both fixedly and pivotably as well as floating on the housing of a dry shaving apparatus or in a shaving head frame which can be placed on the housing of a dry shaver. In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the guide element is formed by an axis. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the guide element is formed by a single axis. According to an embodiment of the invention, the axis of the guide element with the lower knives is preferably mounted in two support elements. The use of support elements for the axis of the guide element enables a large number of different embodiments within the scope of the invention. According to one embodiment of the invention, the axis of the guide element is movably mounted in the support elements. Movable in the sense of the invention means all directions of movement and types of movement.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the axis of the guide element is mounted so that it can move in and against a vertical direction in the support elements. By means of this vertical mobility of the axis, it is possible, for example, to control the pressure of the lower knives on the upper knife required for an optimal cutting action or, according to another embodiment, to store the shaving head or each of the intended shaving heads floating in and against the vertical direction.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the support elements are resiliently mounted, whereby, as previously stated, either the pressure of the lower knife against the upper knife or a floating movement of the shaving head (s) in and against a vertical direction can be controlled.

According to a relatively simple and inexpensive to produce embodiment of the invention, the support elements are fixed to the housing.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a wall element for supporting a spring element is provided in each of the lower knives. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a spring element which counteracts the drive movement of the drive elements is provided between the two lower knives. According to another embodiment of the invention, a spring element is assigned to each lower knife, which rests on the one hand against a wall element of the lower knife and on the other hand is non-positively or positively coupled to the guide element. In a further embodiment of this embodiment, the frictional coupling of the spring element with the guide element is formed by a stop on the guide element. By means of the non-positive coupling of the spring element to the guide element directly or indirectly by means of a stop on the guide element, it is ensured that no vibrations of the reciprocating masses of the lower knives are transmitted to the housing of the dry shaving apparatus. In order to exclude with certainty any transmission of vibrations to the housing, a distance is provided in a further embodiment of this embodiment between each support element and this adjacent stop on the guide element, which distance excludes contact of the stop with the support element.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a spring element is assigned to each lower knife, which rests with one spring end against a wall element of the lower knife and with the other spring end against a common support element. According to the invention, the support element can be coupled to the guide element itself in a centering manner. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the support element is designed as a bracket and is slidably coupled to the guide element by means of bearings provided in the two bow ends. This embodiment according to the invention excellently ensures constant self-centering of the oscillating lower knives, including the spring element (s) acting on the lower knives and, on the one hand, the converting elements of the lower knives and, on the other hand, the spreading element driven by the electric motor Drive elements.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a wall element for the drive element is provided in each of the lower knives. A wall element of a lower knife can preferably be acted upon on the one hand by the drive element and on the other hand by the spring element. The simultaneous use of a wall element as a support element for the spring element and also as a contact element for the drive element results in a relatively low-weight embodiment of the two lower knives.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the spring element acting on the lower knife is designed as a compression spring. According to another embodiment of the invention, the spring element acting on the lower knife is designed as a tension spring. In all embodiments of the invention, the spring elements serve as energy Storage and convert the kinetic energy of the lower knife into usable potential energy after reversal of movement of the two lower knives. In addition, these spring elements ensure permanent tolerance compensation by means of their spring tension, in particular a given pretension.

The counter-movement of the lower knives on the axis serving as a guide element against the spring force of at least one spring element takes place via drive elements which permit different embodiments. According to one embodiment, the drive element is designed as a one-armed lever pivotably mounted about an axis. According to another embodiment, the drive element is designed as a double-armed lever pivotably mounted about an axis. Both embodiments have one thing in common, which is that the axis of each pivotally mounted drive element is essentially provided on a vertical line which is determined by an imaginary extension of a flat wall surface of a wall element of a lower knife, which is acted upon by a rolling curve.

In order to largely rule out frictional forces when transferring motion from the drive elements to the lower knife, the drive element is designed as a lever acting on a wall element of the lower knife via a rolling curve. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rolling curve is provided on the drive element designed as a lever. According to an alternative embodiment, the rolling curve is provided on the wall element of the lower knife.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the rolling curve is symmetrical. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rolling curve is asymmetrical. The respective curve shape of the rolling curve is influenced by a spreading element which triggers the lever action of the drive elements and is driven by the electric motor. If a rotor with an elliptically shaped outer wall is used to control the reciprocating movement of the drive levers acting on the two lower knives, a symmetrical rolling curve is preferred at the ends of the drive elements which abut the lower knives.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the Antπebselement is designed as a swing bridge. In a further embodiment of this embodiment, the drive element is formed by at least two identically designed swing bridges with oscillating elements provided in opposite directions. In order to produce the oscillating bridges which cause the counter knives to run in opposite directions, due to their specifically identical design, only one injection mold is required, as a result of which the manufacturing costs can be kept low.

According to another advantageous embodiment, an oscillating bridge with at least two oscillating elements which can be moved in opposite directions is provided. Further advantageous embodiments of the oscillating bridges which can be used as anti-friction elements, including associated spreading elements, are specified in claims 32 to 36

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a spreading element driven by an electric motor is provided between two adjacent ends of the drive elements pivotably mounted about the axes. The electric motor preferably consists of a direct current motor. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the expansion element is formed by a rotor with an elliptical guideway for transmitting motion to the drive elements. An alternative embodiment is characterized in that the expansion element is formed by a crank mechanism.

In order to ensure that the lower knives fit well on the upper knife and thus ensure a good cutting result, the lower knives are held on the upper knife by means of at least one spring element. In a further embodiment of this measure, the lower knives are held in contact with the upper knife by means of a resilient mounting of the support elements.

According to another embodiment, each lower knife is held in contact with the upper knife by means of a spring element which bears against a housing wall. According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper knife is movably mounted. The mobility of the upper knife can be achieved either by a movable fastening of the upper knife in a shaving head frame which can be placed on the housing of the dry shaver, or by a movable arrangement in an upper knife frame or by a be movable arrangement of an upper knife frame with an upper knife. In a further embodiment of this embodiment, the upper knife is pivotally mounted. According to a further embodiment, the upper knife is floating in and against the vertical direction. The movable mounting of the upper knife ensures either a good contact of the upper knife with the lower knives, ie a good interaction of these two cutting parts, or the formation of movable shaving heads in such a way that these shaving heads can be pivoted about a pivot axis or, according to another variant, in and are mounted up and down against a vertical direction in the shaving head frame or on the housing of the dry shaving apparatus.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spring element is arranged on the guideway formed by an axis. This arrangement provides a clear assignment and mounting of the spring element in relation to the drive system and the reciprocating lower knives. According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one guide track designed as an axis is held in a frame mounted in the support elements. In a further embodiment of this embodiment, the frame is pivotally mounted in the support elements. According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one axis is floatingly supported in the frame.

The following description and the drawings show some preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention. It shows:

1 shows a section through the upper part of a dry shaving apparatus with two lower knives arranged on a guideway, which can be driven in opposite directions by two swivel-mounted drive elements under the action of a spreading element driven by an electric motor against the spring force of a spring element, the Guideway is mounted in support elements fixedly arranged on the housing,

1 is a view of a spreading element designed as a rotor, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a dry shaver according to Fig 1 with a

Storage of the guideway in spring-loaded support elements,

3 shows a dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 2 with intersecting drive elements and with a spring element designed as a tension spring acting on the two lower knives,

4 shows a dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 2 with a guide element, with movably mounted support elements and spring elements acting on the two lower knives,

5 shows a dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 3 with lower knives, each of which is acted upon by a spring element at the end,

6 shows a dry shaving apparatus largely according to FIG. 5 with two lower knives, each of which is acted upon at the end by a spring element,

Fig. 7 shows a dry shaver according to Fig. 5 with two undersea and one

U-shaped support element encompassing the lower knife and spring elements arranged between the support element and the respective lower knife,

8 shows a dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 2 with a spreading element designed as a crank mechanism and acting on the drive elements,

9 shows a dry shaving apparatus with support elements provided on the housing, in which a frame which is pivotable about a pivot axis Z is mounted, the lower knives which can be moved relative to one another being held in the frame by means of a guide track,

10 shows a dry shaving apparatus largely according to FIG. 9 with drive levers acting on wall elements of the lower knives which transmit the drive movement to the lower knives with the aid of a crank mechanism, 11 shows a section through a dry shaving apparatus equipped with a shaving head, with a film which can be moved up and down in and against the vertical direction on the shaving head frame,

1 2 shows a section through the upper part of a dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 9 with two shaving heads which are pivotably mounted by means of a pivot axis, the lower knives arranged in parallel to one another being drivable by means of a common drive lever including a spreading element,

1 3 is a perspective view of the upper part of a dry shaving apparatus with the shaving head removed,

14 is a perspective view of a swing bridge,

Fig. 1 5 is a perspective view of two drive elements designed as swing bridges, which are coupled to an electric motor via crank elements and a double eccentric.

1 shows a dry shaving apparatus with an electric motor 11 arranged in the housing 10 and with at least one shaving head SK, consisting of two lower knives 1 and 2 assigned to a common upper knife 13, each counter-rotating and driven by a drive element 5 and 6 are arranged to be drivable against the spring force of at least one spring element 4. The lower knife 1 is guided by means of two wall elements 21 and 210 and the lower knife 2 by means of two wall elements 20 and 200 on a common guide element 3 in and against a horizontal direction B - arrow directions B -. The guide element 3 is designed, for example, as an axis 33 and is guided through bearing bores 37 provided in the wall elements 20, 21, 200 and 210 for the purpose of proper guiding of the two lower knives 1 and 2. A spring element 4 designed as a compression spring is provided between the two opposite wall elements 20 and 21 of the lower knives 1 and 2. On the side of the wall elements 20 and 21 opposite the spring element 4, the drive elements 5 and 6 designed as double-armed levers act via molded-on rolling curves 31. The curve The rolling curve 31 is designed in such a way that no sliding movement occurs on the wall in question. The two double-armed drive elements 5 and 6 are pivotally mounted about the axes 8 and 9 provided on an axis carrier 34. Between the ends of the drive elements 5 and 6 opposite the lower knives, a spreading element 7 is provided which allows different embodiments. The embodiment according to FIG. 1 consists of a rotor 53 fastened to the motor shaft 55 of an electric motor 11, the outer wall of which the drive elements 5 and 6 act as an ellipse, as shown in FIG. 1 .1. The outer wall of the rotor 53 serving as a guide track, against which a lever end of the drive elements 5 and 6 abuts, is designated by F. 1 1 shows a view of the rotor 53 which, starting from a central position ML, assumes a position rotated by 45 °. This position of the rotor 53 is maintained in all of the illustrated embodiments having a rotor 53. This position corresponds to the central position of the lower knives 1, 2 with their oscillating movement in the horizontal direction B.

The guide element 3 designed as an axis 33 is movably mounted in bearings 1 6 and 17 which are provided in two support elements 14 and 15 formed on the housing 1 0, the bearings 1 6 and 17 of the axis 33 in the support elements 14 and 1 5 through in the vertical direction A - arrow A - elongated recesses

35 and 36 are formed. The movability of the axis 33 in the elongated recesses 35 and 36 ensures optimal contact of the two lower knives 1 and 2 on the upper knife 13 under the action of the spring elements 1 8 and 1 9 acting on the lower knives 35 and

36 achievable up and down movement of the axis 33 with the lower knives 1 and 2 slidably arranged thereon in the directions B in connection with a movably arranged upper knife 1 3 can be used for a floating shaving head SK.

For such an embodiment, it is only necessary to fasten the upper knife 13 in the shaving head frame 1 2 removably arranged on the housing 10 in the vertical direction A, or to provide the upper knife 1 3 in an upper knife frame which is movable in the vertical direction in the shaving head 1 2 is arranged. Stops 22 and 23 are provided on the guide element 3 or the axis 33, which, after the drive system has been installed, have a predetermined distance S from the two support elements 14 and 15. The distance S is dimensioned such that contact of the stops 22 and 23 with the respective support elements 14 and 15 is excluded during the operation of the dry shaving apparatus.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the two drive elements 5 and 6, which are pivotably mounted about the axes 8 and 9, each with a lever end in contact with the elliptically shaped outer wall F of the rotor 53 and with the rolling curves 31 formed on the opposite lever ends on the wall elements 20 and 21 of the lower knives 1 and 2, this system being ensured by the prestressing of the spring element designed as a compression spring on the wall elements 20 and 21 without play. The two axes 8 and 9 of the pivotably mounted drive elements 5 and 6 are each provided on a vertical line L, which by means of an imaginary extension of a flat wall surface of the wall elements 20 and 21 of the lower knives oriented perpendicular to the direction of movement of the lower knives and acted upon by the rolling curve 31 1 and 2 is determined. By means of this structure and interaction of the individual components of the drive system, the two lower knives 1 and 2, which can be moved in opposite directions to one another on the axis 33 serving as guide element 3, are brought together to form a self-contained force system which during operation does not touch the stops 22 and 23 and / or the support elements 14 and 1 5 and consequently does not permit any vibrations in the course of the vibrating lower knife after start-up on the housing 10. This self-contained force system automatically centers itself on the axis 33 of the guide element 3 and ensures, via the spring element 4 under tension, any compensation of any manufacturing tolerances of the components of the drive system, which consequently rattle-free, i.e. works without rattling noises.

The embodiment of the dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 essentially in that the two support elements 14 and 15 are resiliently mounted in the housing 10 of the dry shaving apparatus. For this purpose, a stop 24 and 25 is provided on the support elements 14 and 15 projecting into the housing 10 by means of rods 42 and 43 in such a way that the support elements 14 and 1 5 under the action of on the one hand on the stops 24 and 25 and on the other hand on an inner wall of the housing 10 supporting springs 38 and 39 are movable in and against a vertical direction A. In order to ensure parallel guidance of the two rods 42 and 43 and thus of the support elements 14 and 15, the rods 42 and 43 are guided in bearing bores 44, 45, 46, 47, which are accordingly provided in two adjacent walls of the housing 10 . For the purpose of limiting the mobility of the guide elements 14 and 15 in and against the vertical direction A, a further stop 48 and 49 is provided on the rods 42 and 43, the distance to the stops 24 and 25 taking into account the wall thickness of the housing 10, where all stops 24, 25, 48 and 49 come to rest, set the maximum travel. The axis 33 of the guide element 3 is supported in the two support arms 14 and 15 in bearings 1 6 and 17, the construction of which does not permit movement of the axis 33 in or against the vertical direction A. Accordingly, the springs 38 and 39 acting on the support elements 14 and 15 via the stops 24 and 25 can be used to press the two lower knives 1 and 2 onto the upper knife 13. With a movable arrangement of the upper knife 1 3 in the shaving head frame 1 2, the springs 38 and 39 can be used both for pressing the two lower knives 1 and 2 onto the upper knife 1 3 and for a floating mounting of a shaving head formed from the upper knife 1 3 and lower knife 2 and 3 be used in and against the vertical direction A.

The embodiment of a dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 3 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 2 essentially in that the drive elements 5 and 6 are pivotally articulated on the axle carrier 34 about the axes 8 and 9. For the purpose of transmitting motion from the drive elements 5 and 6 to the lower knife 1 and 2 in the lower knife 1 and 2 wall elements 200 and 210 are provided such that under the action of the spring element 4 designed as a tension spring, which with the two wall elements 20 and 21 of the lower knife 1 and 2 is positively coupled, the contact of the rolling curve 31 of the drive elements 5 and 6 on the wall elements 200 and 210 is ensured. Since the wall elements 20 and 200 and 21 and 210 of the two lower knives 1 and 2 are provided relatively closely adjacent to one another, taking into account the respective longitudinal extent of the two lower knives 1 and 2, a further wall element 300 or 310 is provided in each of these, so that a good guidance and sliding movement of the two lower knives on the axis 33 of the guide element 3 is guaranteed.

The spring element 4, which is designed as a feed spring and is coupled to the lower knives 1 and 2, as well as the spring element 4, which is designed as a compression spring, according to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, ensures that all movable components of the drive system are in constant contact with one another, i.e. of the drive elements 5 and 6 on the wall elements of the lower cutters 1 and 2 and on the rotor 53 driven by the electric motor 11. This means that the self-centering of the force-controlled system is ensured by the symmetry of all external forces acting in this embodiment as well.

The embodiment of the dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 4 largely corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 2. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 2, in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 the two lower knives 1 and 2 are held in contact with the upper knife 13 by means of a spring element 1 8 and 1 9. The spring characteristic of the spring elements 18 and 19 is defined differently from the spring characteristic of the springs 38 and 39. The spring elements 1 8 and 1 9 are softer than the springs 38 and 39. This has the consequence that the springs 1 8 and 1 9 are supported on a wall of the housing 10 with a small, on the Unter¬ knife 1 and 2 acting spring force on the one hand bring about a good contact of the lower knives 1 and 2 with the upper knife 1 3 and, in addition, significantly reduce the friction of the lower knives 1 and 2 sliding on the axis 33. The slightly harder springs 38 and 39 serve the floating mounting of a shaving head SK formed from the two lower knives 1 and 2 and the upper knife. The floating movement of the shaving head SK in and against the vertical direction A results from the action of pressure forces acting on the upper knife 13 and their transmission via the upper knife 13 to the lower knives 1 and 2 adjacent to it and via which the two lower knives 1 and 2 bearing axis 33 on the support elements 14 and 15, including the springs 38 and 39 supported on the housing 10 on the one hand and on the support elements.

The embodiment of the dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 5 largely corresponds to the structure of the dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 3 with the difference that instead of a single spring element 4 designed as a tension spring, two as compression springs trained spring elements are provided acting on the lower knife 1 and 2. For example, four wall elements 20 and 21 and 200 and 210 are provided on the inside of the lower knives, of which the wall elements 20 and 21 are acted upon by the intersecting drive elements 5 and 6.

Parallel to the wall elements 20 and 21, two further wall elements 200 and 210 are formed at a certain distance, each of which is acted upon by a spring element 40 and 41 designed as a compression spring. The ends of the spring elements 40 and 41 opposite the wall elements 200 and 210 each act on a stop 22 and 23 provided on the guide element 3 or the axis 33. The axis 33 is in bearings 1 6 and 17 in the support arms 14 and 15 movably mounted. Between the adjacent walls of the support arms 14 and 1 5 and the stops 22 and 23, a distance S is provided which is dimensioned such that any contact of the stops 22 and 23 with the support arms 14 and 1 5 is excluded when the razor is started.

The stops 22 and 23 represent only one embodiment of the support of the spring elements 40 and 41 on the guide element 3 or the axis 33. According to another exemplary embodiment, this support can also be achieved by coupling the spring elements 40 and 41 at the end be formed with the guide element 3 or the axis 33 - not shown -. At startup of the electric motor, the Rota ^¬ tion of the motor shaft 55 above the rotor 53 on both about the axes 8 and 9 pivotally mounted drive elements 5 and 6 and the selemente to the drive 5 and 6 provided Abrollkurven on the wall elements 20 and 21 the lower knives 1 and 2 transmit and move the lower knives 1 and 2 arranged on the guide element 3 against the pressure of the spring elements 40 and 41 in the direction of the support arms 14 and 15 until the reversal of movement predetermined by the rotor 53, with the lower knife 1 after the movement has been reversed and 2 the energy stored in the spring elements 40 and 41 is released.

6 largely corresponds to the embodiment of the dry shaver according to FIG. 5. A difference between the embodiment of the dry shaver according to FIG. 5 and the embodiment according to FIG. 6 is that instead of the two spring designed as compression springs elements 40 and 41 according to FIG. 5 in the embodiment according to FIG. 6 spring elements 40 and 41 are provided as tension springs. The spring element, which acts as a tension spring element 40, is firmly connected on the one hand to the wall elements 210 of the lower knife 1 and on the other hand to the stop 23. In contrast, the spring element 41, which acts as a tension spring, is firmly coupled on the one hand to the wall element 200 of the lower knife 2 and on the other hand to the stop 22 of the guide element 3. Another difference is that instead of the intersecting drive elements 5 and 6 according to FIG. 5 in the embodiment according to FIG. 6, two double-armed drive elements extending parallel to one another are pivotably mounted on the axle carrier 34 by means of the axes 8 and 9. The rolling curves 31 of the drive elements 5 and 6 roll on the respective inside of the wall elements 20 and 21.

The embodiment of a dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 7 essentially corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the essential difference of this embodiment being that instead of the stops 22 and 23 provided on the guide element 3, a support element 26 is provided. The support element 26 is designed as a bracket that encompasses both lower knives 1 and 2, in the bracket ends 27 and 28 of which bearings 29 and 30 designed as slide bearings are provided, by means of which the support element 26 on the guide element 3 formed by an axis 33 in horizontal direction in and against the directions B is arranged slidably. In order to ensure the transmission of motion from the rotor 53 via the double-armed drive elements 5 and 6 to the wall elements 20 and 21 of the lower knives 1 and 2, an opening 56 is provided in the common support element 26 of the springs 40 and 41, through which the drive elements 5 and 6 are passed through. In embodiment 7, the two spring elements 40 and 41 rest on the one hand on the wall elements 200 and 210 provided in the lower knives 1 and 2 and, on the other hand, are supported on the two temple ends 27 and 28 of the support element 26. The guide element, formed by the axis 33, is passed through all the wall elements 20, 200, 21, 210 of the lower knives 1 and 2 and through the bearings 29 and 30 of the bracket ends 27 and 28 of the support element 26 and in the support elements 14 and 1 5 kept movable. The distance S between the ends 27 and 28 of the substantially U-shaped support element 26 and the two support elements 14 and 15 ensures an automatic self-centering of the support element 26 and the two lower cutters 1 and 2 on the guide tion element 3 while compensating for all manufacturing tolerances of the components of the drive system. The distance S is dimensioned such that even during operation of the shaving apparatus, any contact of the temple ends 27 and 28 of the support element 26 with the support elements 14 and 15 is excluded.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a dry shaving apparatus which largely corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 2. A difference compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 in the embodiment according to FIG. 8 is that the two double-armed drive elements 14 and 15 are driven by the motor shaft of an electric motor 11 via a crank mechanism 54. The motor shaft 55 of the electric motor 1 1 is coupled to a double eccentric 58, to the eccentrics 57 and 59 of which a crank lever 70 and 71 is articulated, the coupling of the drive elements 5 and 6 being effected by means of drive pins 72 and 73 engaging in the crank lever 70 and 71 .

The dry shaving apparatus according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 corresponds with the embodiment according to FIG. 1 with respect to the drive means coupled to the electric motor 11 for the two lower knives 1 and 2 slidably mounted on the axis 33 of the guide element 3 against the pressure of a spring element 4 . In a departure from the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the guide element 3 is movably mounted in a frame 60 in bearings 1 6 and 17. The lower knives 1 and 2 are held in contact with the upper knife 1 3 by means of spring elements 18 and 19, which are supported on the one hand on a wall of the frame 60 and on the other hand rest on the lower knives 1 and 2. The support elements 14 and 15 are part of the housing 10 in the embodiment according to FIG. 9. However, as an alternative to this, they can also be removably attached to the housing 10 - not shown -. Axle bearings 61 and 62 are provided at the upper end of the support arms 14 and 15. In the axle bearings 61 and 62, the frame 60 is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis Z via bearing elements 63 and 64. In the frame 60, as shown for example in FIG. 1 2, a plurality of shaving heads SK, each consisting of two lower knives which can be moved in opposite directions to one another and to which at least one upper knife is assigned, can be arranged with the spring elements 18 and 19. The frame 60 largely encloses the drive system of the lower cutters 1 and 2 formed from the drive elements 5 and 6 and the rotor, which is coupled to the motor shaft 55 of the electric motor 11 via at least one opening. On the frame 60 is the axle bracket 34 with the Axes 8 and 9 for the drive elements 5 and 6 attached.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a dry shaving apparatus which largely corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 9, with the difference that the lower knives 1 and 2 of one-arm design, which are slidably arranged in a pivotable frame 60 on a guide element 3 under the action of a spring element 4 Drive elements 5 and 6 are set in a hm- and forth movement. The drive elements 5 and 6, which are designed as one-armed levers, are pivotably mounted on the axles 8 and 9 of an axle carrier 34 fastened to the housing 10. The ends of the drive elements 5 and 6 opposite the axes 8 and 9 are provided at the end with a rolling curve 31 acting on a wall element 20, 21. The anti-friction pins 72 and 73 are provided approximately in the middle of the distance between the axis 33 and the axes 8 and 9 on the drive elements 5 and 6 and are coupled to the crank levers 70 and 71 of a crank mechanism 54, as already described for the embodiment according to FIG. 8 executed

Fig. 1 1 shows a side view of a dry shaver according to Fig. 1 and other previously described embodiments in section. On the housing 1 0, a shaving head frame 1 2 is removable or fixed. An upper knife 13 is fastened in the vertical direction A in the shaving head frame by means of fastening elements 80 and 81. As an alternative to this, the upper knife 1 3 can also be fastened to the shaving head frame 1 2 by means of the fastening elements 80 and 81. The lower knife 2, which is slidably arranged on a guide element 3 or an axis 33, is held in contact with the upper knife 1 3 by means of a spring element 18 - see FIG. 1. The axis 33 is provided in the wall element 20 of the lower knife 2 ¬ seen through bore 37. A lever end of the double-armed drive element 6 engages on the wall element 20 of the lower knife 2 in order to move the lower knife 2 against the action of a spring element 4 - see FIG. 1. The double-armed drive element 6 is pivotally mounted on an axis 9, such that the end facing away from the lower knife 2, which is set in motion by a motor shaft of an electric motor 11, is in contact with the spreading element 7, which is designed as a rotor 53. The axis 9 is provided on an axle support 34, the axle support 34 being fastened to a wall of the housing 10 by means of support arms 340 and 341. 1 2 shows a side view of a dry shaving apparatus with a shaving head system pivotably mounted about a pivot axis Z, in which, for example, two shaving heads SK1 and SK2 designed as short hair cutting systems are arranged in a frame 60 parallel to one another. The frame 60 is coupled to a shaving head frame 1 2, in which, for example, an upper knife 1 3 wrapping around the two lower knives 2 is clamped firmly or movably. The embodiment of the shaving head system according to FIG. 1 2 essentially represents a doubling of the shaving head system according to FIG. 1 1, a side view of the embodiment according to FIG. 9 being shown and described in FIG. 1 2. In a departure from the illustration in FIG. 1 2, the upper knife 1 3 can also be divided in the middle, ie below the pivot axis Z, and thus be made in two parts.

The frame 60 is mounted by means of bearing elements 63, 64 in the support elements 14, 15, of which the bearing element 64 and the support element 15 are shown in FIG. 1 2 so as to be pivotable about the pivot axis Z. The axes 33 of the guide elements 3 pass through the bearing bore 37, in the wall elements 20 of the lower knife 2 and are mounted on the end side in the frame 60 - see FIG. 9. The fork-shaped drive element 6, which is pivotably mounted about an axis 9, bears against the wall elements 20 of the lower knives 2 in order to set them in motion. The end of the double-armed drive element 6 facing away from the two lower knives lies with a running surface L extending transversely to the vertical central axis M against the rotor 53 driven by an electric motor 11 via a motor shaft 55. The lateral extension of the tread LF is dimensioned such that the drive of the lower knives via the drive elements 5 and 6 is ensured in the course of the entire pivoting movement of the pivotably mounted shaving head system about the pivot axis Z. The embodiment according to FIG. 1 2 makes it clear that additional shaving heads SK can be provided in a frame 60 by adding further fork ends to the drive elements 5 and 6 and can be driven by the drive system described.

Fig. 1 3 shows the upper part of a dry shaver with a shaving head frame 1 2 removed from the housing 10, in which an upper knife 1 3 is fastened, in a perspective view. The embodiment of the dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 1 differs from the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 8 essentially. Chen in that the drive elements acting on the lower knives 1 and 2 are formed by at least one oscillating bridge 500 with at least two oscillating elements 550 which can be moved in opposite directions. The lower knives 1 and 2 assigned to the common upper knife 1 3 are movably arranged on a common guide element 3 with the spring element 4 acting on them. The Fuhrungs¬ element 3 is mounted in support elements 14, 15, which are resiliently mounted in the housing 10 either in and against the arrow A - see FIG. 8 - or immovably arranged - see FIG. 1 -. Holding elements 520 for the spring elements 1 8 and 1 9 are provided on the opposing oscillating elements 550 of the oscillating bridge 500 in order to hold the lower knives 1 and 2 in contact with the common upper knife 1 3 with the required contact pressure.

Further details of the swing bridge 500 are explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.

14 shows a swing bridge 500, consisting essentially of two swing planes 551 and 552 extending in the horizontal swing direction of the lower knives 1 and 2, which are formed by a step-shaped shoulder 501, and rigid webs 573, 574, 575 with swing arms 570, 571 formed thereon and 572 The webs 573 and 574 with the swing arms 570 and 571 are formed on the upper swing plane 551 and the web 575 with the swing arm 572 on the swing plane 552. For the purpose of fastening the oscillating bridge 500 directly to the housing 10 or indirectly to another component of the housing 10, holding elements 576, 577 and 578 are formed on the respective ends of the oscillating arms 570, 571 and 578 in such a way that the oscillating planes 551, 552 oscillate in one plane A recess 553 and 554 is provided in each of the two longitudinal sides of the web forming the oscillation plane 552. The dimensions of these lateral recesses 553 and 554 as well as the distance L which the swing arms 570 and 571 occupy from one another and the width K of the swing arm 572 are dimensioned such that two swing bridges 500 designed in this way are in each case connected to one another via these recesses and distances Swing bridge unit can be assembled - see Fig. 1 5. On the side of the oscillating plane 551 of the oscillating bridge 500 facing the lower knife, a holding element 520 for a spring element 18 or a spring element 19 and a movement transmission element 505 with a rolling curve 31 provided for transmitting movement to a lower knife and a U-shaped recess 507 are for the purpose Passage formed on a guide element carrying the lower knife and the spring element.

In FIG. 15, two swing bridges 500, as previously described under FIG. 14, are shown in the assembled state, each of these swing bridges 500 being driven by an electric motor 11 and spreading elements 7. The spreading element 7 consists, for example, of a double eccentric 700 with oppositely arranged eccentrics 701 and 702, each of which is coupled via a crank element 703 to the lower oscillating plane 552 of the respective oscillating bridge 500 facing the electric motor 11, around which, due to the stepped shoulders 501 to oscillate in a horizontal plane oscillating planes 551 and 552 opposite to each other to drive.

In all of the illustrated and described embodiments, the driving forces of the drive elements 5 and 6 are transmitted symmetrically to the axis of symmetry of the provided lower knives via the intended rolling curve onto the lower knives.

Claims

Claims:

1 dry shaving apparatus with an electric motor (11) arranged in a housing (10) and with at least one shaving head (SK) consisting of two lower blades (1, 2) assigned to a common upper blade (13) which are driven by a drive element (5 , 6) are arranged to be drivable in opposite directions against the spring force of at least one spring element (4, 40, 41), characterized in that the lower knives (1, 2) and the spring element are guided in opposite directions by means of a common guide element (3) Guide element (3) is mounted in support elements (14, 1 5) and the lower cutters (1, 2) can be acted upon by means of drive elements (5, 6) which can be moved in opposite directions.

2. Dry shaver according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide element (3) is formed by an axis (33).

3. Dry shaver according to claim 2, characterized in that the Füh¬ element (3) is formed by a single axis (33).

4. Dry shaver according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the axis (33) of the guide element (3) with the lower knives (1, 2) in two support elements (1 4, 1 5) is mounted.

5. A dry shaver according to claim 4, characterized in that the axis (33) of the guide element (3) in the support elements (14, 1 5) is movably mounted.

6 dry shaver according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the axis (33) of the guide element (3) in the support elements (14, 1 5) is mounted in and against a vertical direction (A) movable.

7. Dry shaver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the support elements (14, 1 5) are resiliently mounted.

8. Dry shaver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the support elements (14, 1 5) on the housing (10) are fixed.

9. A dry shaver according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a wall element (20, 21, 200, 210) for supporting the spring element (4, 40, 41) is provided in each of the lower knives (1, 2).

10. A dry shaver according to claim 9, characterized in that a spring element (4) which counteracts the drive movement of the drive elements (5, 6) is provided between the two lower knives (1, 2).

1 1. Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that each lower knife (1, 2) is associated with a spring element (40, 41) which on the one hand abuts a wall element (20, 21, 200, 210) of the lower knife (1, 2) and, on the other hand, is non-positively or positively coupled to the guide element (3).

1 2. Dry shaving apparatus according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the non-positive coupling of the spring element (40, 41) with the guide element (3) is formed by a stop (22, 23) on the guide element (3).

1 3. Dry shaving apparatus according to claim 1 1 or 1 2, characterized in that between each support element (14, 1 5) and the adjacent stop (22, 23) on the guide element (3), a distance (S) is provided, the one Touches the stop (22, 23) with the support element (14, 15).

14. Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that each lower knife (1, 2) is assigned a spring element (40, 41), which has a spring end on a wall element (20, 21, 200, 210) of the lower ¬ knife (1, 2) and with the respective other spring end on a common support element (26).

1 5. Dry shaving apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the support element (26) with the guide element (3) can be coupled in a self-centering manner.

16. A dry shaving apparatus according to claim 14 or 1 5, characterized in that the support element (26) is designed as a bracket and is coupled to the guide element (3) by means of bearings (29, 30) provided in both ends of the bow (27, 28)

1 7. Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that in each of the lower knife (1, 2) a wall element (20,21, 200,210) is provided for the drive element (5,6).

1 8 dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a wall element (20,21) of a lower knife (1, 2) on the one hand by the drive element (5,6) and on the other hand by the spring element (4,40,41) is acted upon

19 dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the spring element (4,40,41) is designed as a compression spring

20 dry shaver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the spring element (4,40,41) is designed as a tension spring.

21 dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the drive element (5,6) is designed as a pivotable about an axis (8,9) mounted one-armed lever.

22. Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the drive element (5,6) is designed as a pivotable about an axis (8,9) mounted double-armed lever.

23 dry shaving apparatus according to one of claims 21 or 22, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the axis (8,9) of the pivotally mounted drive element (5,6) is provided substantially on a vertical line (L), which is thought by a ge Extension of a flat wall surface of a wall element (20, 21) of a lower knife (1, 2) oriented perpendicular to the direction of movement of the lower knives (1, 2) and determined by the rolling curve (31).

24. A dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive element (5, 6) is designed as a lever acting via a rolling curve (31) on a wall element (20, 21) of the lower knife (1, 2).

25. A dry shaver according to claim 24, characterized in that the rolling curve (31) is provided on the lever.

26. A dry shaving apparatus according to claim 24, characterized in that the rolling curve (31) on the wall element (20, 21) of the lower knife (1, 2) is provided.

27. Dry shaving apparatus according to one of claims 21 to 26, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the rolling curve (31) is symmetrical.

28 dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the rolling curve (31) is asymmetrical.

29. Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the drive element (5, 6) is designed as a swing bridge (500).

30. A dry shaving apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the drive element (5, 6) is formed by at least two identically designed oscillating bridges (500) with oscillating elements (550) provided in opposite directions

31 Dry shaving apparatus according to claim 30, characterized in that an oscillating bridge (500) is provided with at least two oscillating elements (550) which can be moved in opposite directions.

32. Dry shaving apparatus according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that the oscillating element (550) of an oscillating bridge (500) is divided into two oscillating planes (551, 552) by means of a step-shaped shoulder (501).

33. dry shaving apparatus according to one of claims 29 to 32, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that at each oscillating element (550) of an oscillating bridge (500) at least A movement transmission element (505) which can be acted on a lower knife (1, 2) is provided.

Dry shaving apparatus according to Claim 33, characterized in that the oscillating elements (550) of an oscillating bridge (500) which can be moved in opposite directions can be driven by an electric motor (1 1) by means of a spreading element (7)

Dry shaving apparatus according to Claim 34, characterized in that the spreading element (7) is formed by a double eccentric (700) with eccentrics (701, 702) provided opposite one another

Dry shaving apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that the eccentrics (701, 702) can be coupled directly or indirectly with one oscillating element (550) each.

Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between two adjacent ends (51, 52) of the drive elements (5, 6) pivotably mounted about the axes (8, 9), a spreading element (11) driven by an electric motor (11) 7) is provided.

Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the electric motor (1 1) is formed from a DC motor

Dry shaving apparatus according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that the expansion element is formed by a rotor (53) with an elliptical guideway (F) for the drive elements (5, 6).

Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the expansion element (7) is formed by a crank mechanism (54).

Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower knives (1, 2) are held in contact with the upper knife (1 3) by means of at least one spring element (18, 1 9).

42. Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the lower knife (1, 2) by means of a resilient mounting of the Trag¬ elements (14, 1 5) are held in contact with the upper knife (13)

43 dry shaving apparatus according to claim 41, characterized in that each lower knife (1, 2) is held in contact with the upper knife (1 3) by means of a spring element (1 8, 1 9) abutting a housing wall

44. dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the upper knife (13) is movably mounted

45. dry shaving apparatus according to claim 44, characterized in that the upper knife (13) is pivotally mounted.

46 dry shaver according to claim 44, characterized in that the upper knife (1 3) is mounted floating in the vertical direction (A).

47. Dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring element (4, 40, 41) is arranged on the guide track (3) formed by an axis (33).

48. dry shaving apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that at least one as an axis (33) formed guideway (3) in a in the support elements (14, 1 5) mounted frame (60) is held.

49. dry shaving apparatus according to claim 48, characterized in that the frame (60) in the support elements (14, 1 5) is pivotally mounted

50. dry shaving apparatus according to claim 48, characterized in that at least one axis (33) of the guide track (3) in the frame (60) is floating