EP0859112A1 - Fenster oder Tür mit einer dünnen Hochleistungsisolierverglasung - Google Patents

Fenster oder Tür mit einer dünnen Hochleistungsisolierverglasung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0859112A1
EP0859112A1 EP98400306A EP98400306A EP0859112A1 EP 0859112 A1 EP0859112 A1 EP 0859112A1 EP 98400306 A EP98400306 A EP 98400306A EP 98400306 A EP98400306 A EP 98400306A EP 0859112 A1 EP0859112 A1 EP 0859112A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
window
frame
door
door according
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98400306A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0859112B1 (de
Inventor
Yves Demars
René Poix
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Vitrage SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Vitrage SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Vitrage SA
Publication of EP0859112A1 publication Critical patent/EP0859112A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0859112B1 publication Critical patent/EP0859112B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/30—Coverings, e.g. protecting against weather, for decorative purposes
    • E06B3/308—Wing frames covered on the outside by a rigidly-mounted outer frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/56—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames
    • E06B1/60—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames by mechanical means, e.g. anchoring means
    • E06B1/6015—Anchoring means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new type of design of window or door comprising thin high-performance insulating glass, for example example insulating vacuum glazing.
  • windows it is known to make windows to form a frame on the one hand or standing, for example in wood, aluminum, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc ..., in a bay formed in the masonry of an enclosure such as by example in that of a building and on the other hand one or more leaves at least partially inserted into the thickness of the wall of the enclosure.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • This insertion is necessary due in particular to the thickness of the glazing and therefore the thickness of the window, especially when it is an insulating window made of insulating glass formed of two glass sheets separated from each other by a gas slide.
  • the invention aims to provide a window or door whose installation is simplified and does not require a step of filling a space and guarantee watertightness and whose dimensions are adaptable to a range wall opening dimensions.
  • the window or door made up of at least one leaf or sliding element and a frame, is as it is installed on the wall on a wall of the enclosure comprising a bay to be closed.
  • the edges of the window or door are fixed on the wall of the enclosure to be closed so that the window or door remains parallel to the doorway and does not does not fit into the thickness of the wall. So there is no empty space to fill and therefore the operation of achieving a seal often difficult to obtain is no longer necessary.
  • the window or door is placed in applies to the wall on the inside of the enclosure, according to a second variant, it is installed on the wall on the outside of the enclosure and according to a third variant, it is applied on a post located in the thickness of the wall of the enclosure.
  • the frame of said window or door is carried out in situ, that is to say during the installation of said window or door, it is made on site and is directly attached to the wall.
  • a dormant is by example consisting of plates or boards of wood, aluminum, PVC, etc ... directly fixed in the masonry by all known means of the skilled person, for example by screwing.
  • the dormant contributes on the one hand to the window covering and will allow to receive elements of hardware participating in the opening and closing of the window such as hinges, latches, etc.
  • the frame of said window or door has systems for adjusting the support of the frame the wall compensating for the flatness of the masonry.
  • Such systems of adjustment are, for example, made up of shims inserted inside the holes fixing made in the frame for fixing it in the masonry. In this way, the frame remains parallel to the plane of the wall, which ensures perfect maintenance of said frame. All other systems adjustment known to those skilled in the art can be used to overcome the flatness of the masonry.
  • the frame of said window or door has a system for leveling said frame compared to the bay.
  • a system for leveling said frame compared to the bay can be achieved by all means known to those skilled in the art such as for example by a bias wedge system with support screw.
  • this wedge system the sleeping rests on this wedge, itself resting on the edge of the bay, and by playing on the support screw, the height of the frame is adjusted. In this way, the frame is positioned relative to the bay opening and horizontally.
  • seals are arranged on the face of the frame opposite the wall comprising the opening, these are then crushed during the installation of said frame on the wall. This crushing the seals provides a good seal between the masonry and frame.
  • the seals are, for example, in polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), expanded or not, silicone, ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) or any other material known to those skilled in the art.
  • a finish is produced sealing device between the frame and the wall by depositing a seal putty type. This finish strengthens the seal.
  • the opening of said window or door is applied on the frame of said window or door.
  • the opening is in a plane parallel to the plane of said frame.
  • the opening of said window or door according to the invention consists of a glass structure, itself made up of at least one glass sheet.
  • the glass structure of said window or door consists of vacuum insulating glass.
  • Such glazing consists of two sheets of glass separated from each other by a space in which the vacuum is produced and is, in particular, described in patent application EP-A-645,516.
  • Such glazing has various advantages for the intended application. First of all, it has a small thickness, which makes it possible to produce a window whose opening can simply come to rest on the frame without create too much extra thickness which would be unacceptable, if only from an aesthetic point of view. Then, the structure of such glazing gives it sufficient rigidity and holding so that it is not necessary to him associate a frame to form the opening itself leading to a thickness very important as on insulating windows usually made.
  • the dimensions of the glass structure are at least as important as those of the bay at shut off.
  • the opening comprises a covering on at minus one face of the insulating glazing at the periphery.
  • This dressing can be done on the face of the glazing oriented either towards the interior of the enclosure, or towards outside or on both sides of the glazing on the periphery. It could be wooden plates matching those of the frame. It can also be done aluminum, plastic, for example of the PVC type or else in all other known material.
  • Such a covering makes it possible in particular to hide the joint peripheral sealing of the glazing and to receive the hardware elements such as hinges, locks complementary to those of the frame.
  • the covering of the insulating glazing is made by gluing.
  • two claddings of different material can be associated with the same glazing.
  • the adhesive used for the bonding present after hardening particular mechanical characteristics, these characteristics depending in particular on the bonding surface used.
  • said adhesive must have a shear strength greater than 0.1 kg / cm 2 for a bonding surface of 2000 cm 2 , a shear resistance greater than 0.25 kg / cm 2 for a bonding surface of 800 cm 2 , a resistance shear greater than 0.5 kg / cm 2 for a bonding surface of 400 cm 2 , ..., this resistance being inversely proportional to the bonding surface used.
  • Said adhesive must also have a heat resistance of at least 130 ° C.
  • the glue used to glue the glass structure to the uprights used for the covering is, for example, a mono or two-component silicone, a single or two-component acrylic and / or metacrylic adhesive, an adhesive polyurethane said adhesive having the above characteristics defined to guarantee that the glass stays on the uprights and to receive and withstand the forces to which the glass is subjected during handling of opening it.
  • the glue is distributed in the space delimited by the glass structure and the amounts of the covering, the thickness and the width of the adhesive depending on the type of glue used.
  • thickness of the adhesive means the distance average between the surface of the glass and the surface of the amount of covering in look.
  • width of the adhesive means the width over which the glass is glued, this width may be less than the distance from the end of the amount of the covering and the central core of the amount.
  • collages can be envisaged with different glues and can even be considered directly between the amount of trim and the glass structure without adding glue.
  • the amount of the covering is in an acrylic and / or methacrylic material
  • the bonding can be make directly, the acrylic and / or methacrylic material acting as glue and being brought into contact with the glass before hardening.
  • the covering of the glazing is carried out by installation of the glazing in grooves made previously in the dressing.
  • a covering on both sides of the glazing that is to say on both sides, improves thermal insulation at the sealing joint peripheral of the glazing, this area of the glazing being the most sensitive.
  • the window or door according to the invention is such that the covering is in material such as wood, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, aluminum, an acrylic and / or methacrylic resin, an agglomerated material or composite or a mixture of two or more of these materials.
  • material such as wood, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, aluminum, an acrylic and / or methacrylic resin, an agglomerated material or composite or a mixture of two or more of these materials.
  • the clear view of said window or door is almost identical in size to that of the bay, for clear view hears the transparent area of the assembly.
  • This realization thus allows optimizing the dimensions of the bay and the lighting of the enclosure as much as possible; this unlike conventional windows which are inserted in the thickness of the wall and which, as a result, reduce the dimensions of sight possible, reduction equivalent to the width of the frame.
  • Furthermore, such realization also allows thermal optimization of insulating glass under vacuum. Indeed when the sight is of dimension almost identical to that of the bay, the glass structure is larger than that of the bay and as a result, there is an overlap of the glass structure and masonry. Such an overlap makes it possible to isolate the most thermally sensitive to the glass structure, i.e.
  • such an embodiment allows the use of materials such as aluminum, usually little used in window or door construction due to their thermal conduction. Indeed, the insulation of the edge of the glass structure brought by the masonry is sufficient and thus allows the use of more or less conductive materials for the peripheral covering of the glass structure since the creation of a thermal bridge is strongly diminished.
  • seals are deposited on the periphery of the sash either on the sash, or on the frame, or partially on the sash and partially on the frame. The laying of such joints allows a seal between the opening and the frame.
  • the seals deposited on the opening are either on the glazing or on the trim. So when the glazing has no covering on the face in contact with the frame, a seal is made between the frame and the glazing itself.
  • the seals are deposited by extrusion. In this way, the joints are perfectly continuous which provides a perfect seal.
  • the window or door according to the invention allows, as explained previously, better adaptation to masonry structures than traditional windows or doors, adaptation to different dimensions of opening and / or adaptation to masonry faults in the opening or on the wall around the bay. It is also easier to attach and allows to use standard hardware accessories. It is, moreover, more easily customizable thanks to the various dressing possibilities.
  • the window or door according to the invention can be in already assembled form or can also be in the form of detached elements (these elements being at least the frame, the glass structure and the covering of the glass structure previously defined), the elements being assembled and the window or door upgraded to the end user level.
  • the windows or doors according to the invention simply come on the wall on the wall of the enclosure to be closed due in particular to their small thickness and the rigidity of the insulating glass which makes it possible not to associate a large entourage or frame. As a result, it is possible to make the frame directly on the wall of the enclosure and therefore without need to fill an empty space by having to achieve a seal often difficult to obtain.
  • this realization of a window or door on the wall allows the realization of the opening of said window or door by a type system "sliding" on rails which allows a 100% opening, the sliding opening so as to completely overlap the part of the wall of the enclosure.
  • traditional sliding devices require a overlapping of at least two glazing which leads to a partial filling of the opening.
  • a window with a leaf according to the invention. It consists of a frame (2.2 ') and an opening 3, itself composed of vacuum insulating glazing 4 and a covering (5.5 ').
  • the frame (2,2 ') is applied to the wall 1 of an enclosure with shut off.
  • a frame (2.2 ′) is for example made up of plates or planks of wood, aluminum, PVC or any other material known to the skilled person.
  • the frame 2 is directly fixed in the wall 1 by all means known to those skilled in the art, for example by screwing. These fixings are not shown in the figures.
  • Hardware elements 6 and 8 participating in the opening and window closure are fixed on the side edges of this frame 2.
  • the opening 3 is applied on the frame 2 and is essentially consisting of vacuum insulating glazing 4.
  • This vacuum insulating glazing 4 is consisting of two glass sheets 13 and 14 separated from each other by a space 15 in which the vacuum is created.
  • This glazing 4 is notably described in patent application EP-A-645,516.
  • This glazing 4 has a covering (5.5 ′) on its two faces in periphery.
  • This covering (5.5 ') can be made of wooden plates, aluminum, PVC or any other material known to those skilled in the art job.
  • This covering (5.5 ′) is produced for example by gluing using, by example, single or two-component silicone glue 10.
  • Elements 7 and 9 elements 6 and 8 are attached to the side edges of the covering (5.5 ').
  • the assembly 6 and 7 allows rotation of the opening on one of its edges and the assembly 8 and 9 allows the locking of the opening 3 on the dormant 2.
  • the invention is not limited to these elements 6, 7, 8 and 9; any other hardware element known to a person skilled in the art can be used in the production of the window according to the invention.
  • the seal between the leaf 3 and the frame 2 is produced using seals 11 crushed between the frame and the opening; these joints are, for example, PVC.
  • the seals 11 can be removed, for example, by extrusion, either directly on the 5 'cladding, either directly on the frame 2 or else partially on the covering 5 'and partially on the frame 2.
  • an element called “water jet” 12 is fixed to the covering 5 'on the outside.
  • This element 12 shown here from simplified manner and known to those skilled in the art, allows the water to be evacuated bad weather, for example
  • FIG 3 and Figure 4 a first type of window with two leaves according to the invention. It consists of a dormant (22.22 ', 27.27') and an opening (23.23 '), itself composed of two glazing vacuum insulators 24 and a covering (25.25 ').
  • the frame (22,22 ') is applied on the wall 21 of an enclosure with shut off.
  • the seal between the frame (22,22 ') and the wall 21 is made at using crushed seals 31 and the fixing elements of said frame on the wall 21 are not shown.
  • the opening (23.23 ') is applied on the frame (22.22', 27.27 ') and essentially consisting of two vacuum glazing 24. These glazing .24 have a covering (25.25 ') on their two faces at the periphery.
  • the seal between the frame 22 and the opening (23.23 ') is achieved using seals 31 crushed.
  • the part of the frame (27,27 ') is located in the central part of the wall opening to be closed and makes it possible to separate in two in the direction of the height this opening.
  • the opening consists of two leaves (23.23 ') each consisting essentially of insulating glazing 24.
  • Insulating glazing 24 have a covering (25.25 ') on their two faces at the periphery.
  • the claddings (25,25 ') of these glazings 24 are produced so that when the two leaves of the opening (23.23 ') close the opening, they are found in opposite and applied to the part of the frame 27.
  • seals 31 ' are deposited at the junction of the two linings (25.25 ') opposite.
  • seal 31 ' providing the seal, in contact with the frame 27 and the two covers 25 'and on the opposite face, that is to say facing inside the enclosure, there is a seal 31 'in contact with the two skins 25 and an element 16 placed astride the two skins 25.
  • This element 16 consists for example of a plate made of a material insulator corresponding to the covering material 25 of the glazing 24 and is fixed by any means known to those skilled in the art at one of the leaves of the opening , here the leaf 23 ', directly on the covering.
  • the addition of element 16 allows in addition to neutralize the thermal bridge of the junction of the two leaves the opening (23.23 ').
  • Hardware elements 26 participating in the rotation of the leaves the sash are fixed on the side edges of the sash (23,23 ') and on the edges of the frame 22 facing each other and of the hardware elements 28 and 29, such as for example a cremone bolt, participating in the locking of the window are integrated into the 23 'leaf.
  • an element called "water jet” 32 is fixed to the covering 25 'on the outside and to the frame 22.
  • a wedge system with support screw 17 allowing perform the leveling of the frame 22 relative to the bay.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show a second type of window with two leaves according to the invention. It consists of a frame (42.42 ') and a opening (43.43 '), itself composed of two insulating glazing units under vacuum 44 and of a covering (45.45 ').
  • the frame (42.42 ') is applied on an upright located in the thickness of the wall 41 of an enclosure to be closed and the opening (43.43 ') comes applied on the frame. In this way, the window is set back by relative to the general plane of the wall and then forms a niche in the wall 41.
  • the seal between the different elements is carried out using crushed joints 51, elements of hardware such as hinges 46, are used in the realization of the window and the lower edge of the window includes an element 52 called "jet of water ”.
  • the element 52 is completed by an element 18 protection of the outer edge of the bay which can be fixed by all means known to those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of a window with two leaves. It consists of a frame (62.62 ') and an opening (63.63 '), itself composed of two insulating glazing units under vacuum 64 and a covering (65.65 ').
  • the frame (62.62 ') is applied to the wall 61 of an enclosure with shut off and the opening (63.63 ') is applied to the frame. Sealing between the different elements is made using crushed joints 71 and hardware elements such as hinges 66 and a cremone bolt 69 are used in the realization of the window.
  • the glazing 64 is not positioned in the same plane and their free ends overlap.
  • These two glazing 64 each have a covering (65.65 ') on the two faces of the glazing on the outskirts. These two skins (65.65 ') remain in the same plan.
  • This covering (65.65 ') is such that the periphery of the glazing is fully dressed except the part of the glazing which is in contact with the other glazing when these overlap. In this way we neutralize the bridge thermal seal of one of the glazing by putting it in front of a full surface of the other glazing which, it, is very insulating and this, without addition of any additional element.
  • In order to achieve a perfect sealing between the two faces of the glazing in contact by example, by extrusion of the seals 71 therebetween.
  • casement windows and windows with a sliding or fixed sash also remain within the scope of the invention.
  • the invention is not limited to vacuum insulating glazing, all other glass structures with good rigidity are included in the part of the invention.
  • good rigidity is meant structure which should not be the fragile element but which must be the carrying element of the window or door.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
EP98400306A 1997-02-13 1998-02-11 Fenster oder Tür mit einer dünnen Hochleistungsisolierverglasung Expired - Lifetime EP0859112B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9701664A FR2759410B1 (fr) 1997-02-13 1997-02-13 Fenetre ou porte comprenant un vitrage isolant mince a haute performance
FR9701664 1997-02-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0859112A1 true EP0859112A1 (de) 1998-08-19
EP0859112B1 EP0859112B1 (de) 2003-09-10

Family

ID=9503655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98400306A Expired - Lifetime EP0859112B1 (de) 1997-02-13 1998-02-11 Fenster oder Tür mit einer dünnen Hochleistungsisolierverglasung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20020162278A1 (de)
EP (1) EP0859112B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE249567T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69817892T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2206858T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2759410B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8555572B1 (en) 2009-10-22 2013-10-15 Glenn Bingham Storm window assembly and methods of use
JP7362660B2 (ja) * 2018-08-09 2023-10-17 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア サッシ異形材内のガラスパケットの接着接続及び補強

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH315523A (fr) * 1953-09-18 1956-08-31 Rouiller Marcel Fenêtre
CH389869A (fr) * 1963-05-14 1965-03-31 Weber Alfred Elément de construction
DE2159543A1 (de) * 1970-12-02 1972-06-22 Siler Ag, Luzern (Schweiz) Fenster
CA938166A (en) * 1971-10-01 1973-12-11 Salvalaggio Antonio Door mounting assembly
DE2506474A1 (de) * 1974-02-20 1976-08-26 Joergen Skouba Johansen Fensterkonstruktion
DE2605844A1 (de) * 1976-02-13 1977-08-18 Heinrich Schultes Schallschutzfenster
GB2102052A (en) * 1981-04-10 1983-01-26 Trend Aluminium Prod Framed window unit
DE3521339A1 (de) * 1985-06-14 1986-12-18 Fa. Schüt-Duis, 2960 Aurich Isolierglas mit wenigstens zwei planen und parallel zueinander angeordneten glastafeln, die ueber eine dauerelastische dichtmasse miteinander verbunden sind
DE9313387U1 (de) * 1993-09-06 1993-11-25 Fingerling Karl Heinz Fenster
EP0645516A2 (de) * 1993-09-27 1995-03-29 Saint Gobain Vitrage International Isolierverglasung und Vakuumerzeugungsverfahren dafür
DE29514782U1 (de) * 1995-09-14 1995-11-02 Herholz Vertrieb Türblendrahmen mit Beschlag
FR2719335A1 (fr) * 1994-04-28 1995-11-03 Saint Gobain Vitrage Porte en verre structurel autoportant.
DE19543669A1 (de) * 1995-11-23 1997-05-28 Loeffler Michael Dipl Ing Rahmenlose Mehrfachverglasungen

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2352939A1 (fr) * 1976-05-24 1977-12-23 Const Aero Navales Chassis en profile metallique

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH315523A (fr) * 1953-09-18 1956-08-31 Rouiller Marcel Fenêtre
CH389869A (fr) * 1963-05-14 1965-03-31 Weber Alfred Elément de construction
DE2159543A1 (de) * 1970-12-02 1972-06-22 Siler Ag, Luzern (Schweiz) Fenster
CA938166A (en) * 1971-10-01 1973-12-11 Salvalaggio Antonio Door mounting assembly
DE2506474A1 (de) * 1974-02-20 1976-08-26 Joergen Skouba Johansen Fensterkonstruktion
DE2605844A1 (de) * 1976-02-13 1977-08-18 Heinrich Schultes Schallschutzfenster
GB2102052A (en) * 1981-04-10 1983-01-26 Trend Aluminium Prod Framed window unit
DE3521339A1 (de) * 1985-06-14 1986-12-18 Fa. Schüt-Duis, 2960 Aurich Isolierglas mit wenigstens zwei planen und parallel zueinander angeordneten glastafeln, die ueber eine dauerelastische dichtmasse miteinander verbunden sind
DE9313387U1 (de) * 1993-09-06 1993-11-25 Fingerling Karl Heinz Fenster
EP0645516A2 (de) * 1993-09-27 1995-03-29 Saint Gobain Vitrage International Isolierverglasung und Vakuumerzeugungsverfahren dafür
FR2719335A1 (fr) * 1994-04-28 1995-11-03 Saint Gobain Vitrage Porte en verre structurel autoportant.
DE29514782U1 (de) * 1995-09-14 1995-11-02 Herholz Vertrieb Türblendrahmen mit Beschlag
DE19543669A1 (de) * 1995-11-23 1997-05-28 Loeffler Michael Dipl Ing Rahmenlose Mehrfachverglasungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20020162278A1 (en) 2002-11-07
FR2759410A1 (fr) 1998-08-14
ATE249567T1 (de) 2003-09-15
DE69817892T2 (de) 2004-07-08
FR2759410B1 (fr) 1999-03-12
DE69817892D1 (de) 2003-10-16
ES2206858T3 (es) 2004-05-16
EP0859112B1 (de) 2003-09-10

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