EP0846534A1 - Method and apparatus for casting concrete products - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for casting concrete products Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0846534A1
EP0846534A1 EP97660132A EP97660132A EP0846534A1 EP 0846534 A1 EP0846534 A1 EP 0846534A1 EP 97660132 A EP97660132 A EP 97660132A EP 97660132 A EP97660132 A EP 97660132A EP 0846534 A1 EP0846534 A1 EP 0846534A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compacting
casting
recesses
mold
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97660132A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lassi Järvinen
Aimo Seppänen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Partek Concrete Development Oy AB
Original Assignee
Partek Concrete Development Oy AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Partek Concrete Development Oy AB filed Critical Partek Concrete Development Oy AB
Publication of EP0846534A1 publication Critical patent/EP0846534A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
    • B28B11/0818—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads for roughening, profiling, corrugating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/084—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting the vibrating moulds or cores being moved horizontally for making strands of moulded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0038—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon lining the outer wall of hollow objects, e.g. pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0053—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to tiles, bricks or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/205—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded using vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
    • B28B3/228—Slipform casting extruder, e.g. self-propelled extruder

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a method for casting concrete products by means of continuous slide casting so that concrete mix is extruded onto a bed, into a space between the bed and a mold, by means of a feeding member or members of a slide casting device travelling along the bed, the mix is compacted, and recesses are pressed into the surface of the product by means of a roller and/or endless belt provided with protrusions, said recesses being at least partly discontinuous in the direction of the casting.
  • the invention also concerns a slide casting apparatus for casting concrete products, the surface of said products being provided with recesses, whereby said apparatus comprises a mold consisting of a cover portion and side walls, a feeding container and at least one feeding member for feeding concrete into the mold, at least one compacting member and a driving mechanism for driving the feeding and compacting members and for transporting the slide casting apparatus along the bed, whereby at least one wall or one portion or extension of a wall of the mold is formed by a roller supported on a shaft transversal to the travelling direction of the apparatus and/or by an endless belt going around transversal shafts, the outer surface of the roller or belt being provided with protrusions that are at least partly discontinuous in the direction of the casting.
  • the surface is usually rather smooth. And, the smoothness of the surface is a desirable feature in general when the product to be cast functions as a visible part of a construction.
  • construction technology constructions are often used, in which an entity is built up by an element manufactured in a factory and by a portion to be joined to it and produced on the site.
  • the desired functioning of this kind of concrete constructions requires that the bond between the element and the portion manufactured on the site is as firm as possible.
  • dowel patterns in other words recesses into the surface of the element. These recesses are then filled by the portion to be cast on the site, that grips to the element manufactured in the factory.
  • the patterns In order to prevent the mutual sliding of the parts of the construction, the patterns must be discontinuous as well parallel to the direction of the casting and in the transverse direction thereto, e.g. square or rectangular recesses. Also continuous transversal recesses can be used.
  • a suitable depth of the dowels is e.g. from 1 to 20 mm.
  • the shell slab acts as a mold, onto which a concrete layer will be cast, the thickness of the layer corresponding to the required total thickness of the concrete slab.
  • the shell slab remains as a part of the construction and the load bearing capacity requires a strong bond between the different portions.
  • the dowels are of the same importance.
  • Patent publication FI 61652 discloses also a device by means of which recesses are formed onto the sides of the slab by using two successive wheels, by the teeth of which recesses are pressed into the side of the slab. As the concrete is compressed between these two wheels, the second wheel must be slightly smaller than the first one, and, additionally, the speeds of the wheels must be synchronized by means of a special slide coupling taking into account the changed dimensions of the slab. Thus, the device is rather complicated and difficult to make function properly under all circumstances.
  • Publication EP 592 183 describes a method and a device, by which the compacted surface layer is first fully compacted but, prior to the setting, is replasticized again by vibrating, and recesses are pressed into the replasticized surface by means of a roller or endless belt provided with protrusions.
  • the method in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that the discontinuous recesses are pressed into the upper surface of the product at the latest during the compacting implemented following the feeding member or members, before the mix has been fully compacted.
  • the apparatus in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that the roller and/or belt provided with protrusions is arranged against the upper surface of the product and supported onto a horizontal shaft or around horizontal rollers, and forms a compacting upper wall of the mold or a portion or extension of a compacting upper wall of the mold, and that the roller and/or belt is adapted to fully compact the mix for the first time.
  • the method in accordance with the invention is applicable when forming dowel recesses onto the upper surface of a concrete slab being horizontal during the casting. Thereby a smooth steel plate can be used as the lower surface of the mold and the visible surface of the slab will be totally smooth.
  • the dowel recesses are formed by pressing, that is without removing any material.
  • the slide casting method requires the use of rather dry concrete mix, because the product must have a stable form after the mold. Pressing of separate, successive recesses requires that the concrete mass is displaced by the recesses and the mix in the surface is pushed between the successive recesses. This procedure might break the cast product, in case the surface portion thereof has already been compacted. Especially it has been difficult to press recesses into the upper surface of a hollow-core slab, because the hollow-core slab can in this phase easily collapse and the mass of the upper surface falls inside the hollow core when the mass is pressed from above. For this reason, in the method of the present invention, the right timing is essential for the pressing of the recesses.
  • the invention is also applicable for other concrete products manufactured by slide casting, like hollow-core slabs, beams and pillars.
  • the invention can also be used for casting facade elements, to create recesses into the visible surface of the same for achieving an architectural effect.
  • the recesses are made by means of a roller or an endless belt immediately in connection with the compacting.
  • the roller or belt placed after the surface compacting vibrator beam or float forms the recesses during or by the effect of the plasticizing caused by the surface compaction beam.
  • the slide casting machine illustrated by the figures 1 and 2 comprises a feeding hopper 1 and a driving mechanism 2.
  • the machine moves on wheels 3 along a bed 4.
  • a mold is formed by side walls 5 and a top plate 6.
  • the machine has parallel feed screws 7 and as an extension of those hollow core mandrels 8.
  • the top plate 6 travels back and forth moved by a crankshaft 9 in the direction of travel of the machine. Also the side walls can be moved by a crankshaft 10. All this is known in the art.
  • the material of the belts is e.g. steel or rubber, and the belt is provided with protrusions that correspond to the recesses to be formed into the slab.
  • the feed screws 7 feed concrete from the feeding hopper 1 to the bed 4.
  • the driving mechanism 2 rotates the feed screws 7 and, at the same time, the machine moves on the bed on its wheels 3 (in figure 1 from right to left).
  • the rollers 11 within the belt 12 roll along the belt and the belt moves together with the machine forward, along the upper surface of the slab to be cast.
  • the protrusions of the belts press recesses corresponding to the protrusions into the upper surface of the slab.
  • the pressing of the recesses is implemented during the compacting process, and it is started before the slab has been compacted into its final compactness.
  • a roller can be used, the surface of which is provided with protrusions for pressing recesses.
  • Figures 3a and 3b show a top view and a longitudinal section of a cast slab with a continuous transverse grooving on the upper surface of the same.
  • Figures 4a and 4b show a top view and a diagonal section of a slab with a continuous diagonal grooving on the upper surface of the same.
  • Figures 5a and 5b show a top view and a cross section of a cast slab with discontinuous recesses of different forms.
  • the invention is applicable, besides to hollow-core slabs, also to massive slabs. In that case no feed screws 7 and no hollow core mandrels 8 are used.
  • the concrete feeding and compacting can be implemented by using e.g. a feeding hopper moving back and forth, described in international publication WO 95/29799, and a grinding top plate movable back and forth in the direction of the casting. A roller or endless belt provided with protrusions is placed immediately following the grinding top plate.
  • Figure 6 shows an apparatus according to the invention, whereby both an endless belt and a roller are used.
  • the concrete mass is fed by using an oscillating and compacting hopper 1.
  • a grinding top plate 6 moving back and forth in the direction of the casting, the lower surface thereof being provided with longitudinal ridges, is arranged after said oscillating and compacting hopper.
  • the lower portion of the ridges is wider than the base thereof, whereby the upper surface of the slab to be cast will be provided with swallow tail formed grooves (see figure 7b).
  • the longitudinal ridges 14 of the belt support the longitudinal grooves of the slab, and the transversal ridges 15 press transversal grooves into the slab (see figure 7c). Finally, the roller 13 presses additional recesses (figure 7d) into the slab.
  • the final compacting is implemented by the belt 12 and the roller 13 both provided with protrusions.
  • Figures 8a, 8b and 8c illustrate a slab provided with longitudinal grooves having a semicircular cross section.
  • the grooves are in the transversal direction partially discontinuous so that they are provided with transversal extensions on the sides.
  • the slab can be either massive (figure 8a) or a hollow-core slab (figure 8b).
  • the axial grooves can be made by means of a suitable design of the nozzle edge.
  • the transversal extensions of the grooves are formed by means of protrusions of the roller or belt.
  • Figures 9a, 9b and 9c illustrate a slab provided with longitudinal grooves having a rectangular cross section, said grooves being provided with transversal extensions made by a roller or belt.
  • Figures 10a, 10b and 10c illustrate a slab with a swallow tail formed cross section of the grooves. Also this kind of grooves can be provided with transversal extensions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
EP97660132A 1996-12-04 1997-11-26 Method and apparatus for casting concrete products Withdrawn EP0846534A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI964851 1996-12-04
FI964851A FI109284B (fi) 1996-12-04 1996-12-04 Menetelmä ja laitteisto betonituotteiden valamiseksi

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0846534A1 true EP0846534A1 (en) 1998-06-10

Family

ID=8547207

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97660132A Withdrawn EP0846534A1 (en) 1996-12-04 1997-11-26 Method and apparatus for casting concrete products

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0846534A1 (fi)
JP (1) JP4345037B2 (fi)
KR (1) KR100495337B1 (fi)
FI (1) FI109284B (fi)
NZ (1) NZ329310A (fi)
SG (1) SG70048A1 (fi)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1033213A2 (en) * 1999-03-02 2000-09-06 Valkeakoski X-Tec Oy Ltd. Assembly and method for generating a compacting movement in a concrete product casting machine
WO2001081267A3 (en) * 2000-04-20 2002-03-21 Aerock Inc Prefabricated structural building members using high strength light-weight fiber ash composite material and method of manufacture thereof
CN111231061A (zh) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-05 李江平 一种水泥井盖生产的下料自动抹平装置
CN111716543A (zh) * 2020-07-06 2020-09-29 山东鼎鲁建筑有限公司 一种纤维混凝土生产装置
CN112041516A (zh) * 2018-03-12 2020-12-04 弹性势能有限公司 预制地板元件、包括预制地板元件的结构及用于获得预制地板元件的装置
BE1029858B1 (nl) * 2021-10-15 2023-05-15 Betonwerken Vets En Zonen Nv Betonwelfsel met actieve en passieve wapening

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101129275B1 (ko) 2011-10-21 2012-03-26 삼표건설 주식회사 하프 ｐｃ 슬래브의 제조방법

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB907450A (en) * 1959-05-05 1962-10-03 Juan Vinas Tarres Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of hollow concrete blocks
FR2145206A5 (fi) * 1971-07-02 1973-02-16 Spiroll Corp Ltd
FR2151437A5 (fi) * 1971-06-29 1973-04-20 Saret
GB1506722A (en) * 1975-03-06 1978-04-12 Hewitt F Apparatus for extruding concrete
FR2448422A1 (fr) * 1979-02-07 1980-09-05 Applic Ceramiques Et Machine fileuse perfectionnee pour la fabrication de poutrelles precontraintes
US4247269A (en) * 1980-01-21 1981-01-27 Bezhanov Tigran V Concrete placing apparatus

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5850983Y2 (ja) * 1980-03-03 1983-11-21 株式会社クボタ 押出成形装置
KR850001060A (ko) * 1983-07-15 1985-03-14 이수춘 타일의 압출 제조방법
FI76514C (fi) * 1986-04-07 1989-07-31 Kt Suunnittelu Oy Foerfarande och anordning foer gjutning av betongelement.
JPH07112420A (ja) * 1993-10-19 1995-05-02 Toray Ind Inc 模様付押出成形体の製造装置および製造方法
JP2982993B2 (ja) * 1993-11-24 1999-11-29 株式会社ノザワ 押出成型板の製造装置
JPH106320A (ja) * 1996-06-19 1998-01-13 Miyoujiyou Cement Kk 空胴プレキャストコンクリート板の製造装置及びこの装置の使用方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB907450A (en) * 1959-05-05 1962-10-03 Juan Vinas Tarres Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of hollow concrete blocks
FR2151437A5 (fi) * 1971-06-29 1973-04-20 Saret
FR2145206A5 (fi) * 1971-07-02 1973-02-16 Spiroll Corp Ltd
GB1506722A (en) * 1975-03-06 1978-04-12 Hewitt F Apparatus for extruding concrete
FR2448422A1 (fr) * 1979-02-07 1980-09-05 Applic Ceramiques Et Machine fileuse perfectionnee pour la fabrication de poutrelles precontraintes
US4247269A (en) * 1980-01-21 1981-01-27 Bezhanov Tigran V Concrete placing apparatus

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1033213A2 (en) * 1999-03-02 2000-09-06 Valkeakoski X-Tec Oy Ltd. Assembly and method for generating a compacting movement in a concrete product casting machine
EP1033213A3 (en) * 1999-03-02 2002-11-13 Valkeakoski X-Tec Oy Ltd. Assembly and method for generating a compacting movement in a concrete product casting machine
WO2001081267A3 (en) * 2000-04-20 2002-03-21 Aerock Inc Prefabricated structural building members using high strength light-weight fiber ash composite material and method of manufacture thereof
CN112041516A (zh) * 2018-03-12 2020-12-04 弹性势能有限公司 预制地板元件、包括预制地板元件的结构及用于获得预制地板元件的装置
CN111231061A (zh) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-05 李江平 一种水泥井盖生产的下料自动抹平装置
CN111231061B (zh) * 2020-02-27 2021-06-22 张存存 一种水泥井盖生产的下料自动抹平装置
CN111716543A (zh) * 2020-07-06 2020-09-29 山东鼎鲁建筑有限公司 一种纤维混凝土生产装置
CN111716543B (zh) * 2020-07-06 2021-09-07 中铁十八局集团北京工程有限公司 一种纤维混凝土生产装置
BE1029858B1 (nl) * 2021-10-15 2023-05-15 Betonwerken Vets En Zonen Nv Betonwelfsel met actieve en passieve wapening

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR19980063776A (ko) 1998-10-07
FI964851A0 (fi) 1996-12-04
FI109284B (fi) 2002-06-28
JPH10202627A (ja) 1998-08-04
SG70048A1 (en) 2000-01-25
FI964851A (fi) 1998-06-05
KR100495337B1 (ko) 2005-09-30
NZ329310A (en) 1998-06-26
JP4345037B2 (ja) 2009-10-14

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