EP0843295A1 - Système de communication de bord de route - Google Patents

Système de communication de bord de route Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0843295A1
EP0843295A1 EP97120015A EP97120015A EP0843295A1 EP 0843295 A1 EP0843295 A1 EP 0843295A1 EP 97120015 A EP97120015 A EP 97120015A EP 97120015 A EP97120015 A EP 97120015A EP 0843295 A1 EP0843295 A1 EP 0843295A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
mobile station
antennas
beacon
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97120015A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Makoto Takao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd
Publication of EP0843295A1 publication Critical patent/EP0843295A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an communication systems on toll roads, including automatic toll gate systems.
  • this invention relates to a vehicle identifier system that detects and identifies vehicles which pass through the toll gate.
  • this invention especially relates to the system which is settled beside a road which comprises a plurality of lanes on each way.
  • Fig. 1 shows elements of a typical automatic toll gate system.
  • the automatic toll gate system comprises a roadside system and a mobile station including a transponder.
  • the roadside system comprises an antenna assembly 1, a beacon 2, and a roadside controller 4.
  • the antenna assembly 1 transmits and receives information signals between the antenna assembly 1 and mobile station (shown below) while a vehicle runs through under the antenna assembly 1 along the road.
  • the beacon 2 has three functions. One function is to detect vehicle. Another function is to communicate with the mobile station while the vehicle runs through below the antennas 1 or 2. And still another function is to detect received signal level from the mobile station .
  • the roadside controller 4 in addition to general control of popular beacon 2 functions, compares plural received signal level.
  • the antenna assembly 1 comprises plane antennas 1a and 1b.
  • the antennas are located above each lanes of the road.
  • Each of the antennas 1a and 1b radiates a radio frequency over service areas on each lanes.
  • the service areas are elongated along each lanes so that the beacon 2 can take a time period long enough to communicate with the mobile station.
  • the roadside controller 4 detects vehicle when a vehicle comes into the service area. The detection is established by the beacon 2, through the radio communication between the antenna 1 and the mobile station. Then, the roadside controller 4 sends a request signal toward the mobile station to request a response including a vehicle identification signal.
  • the mobile station is set on each vehicles.
  • the mobile station On receiving the request signal from the roadside controller 4, the mobile station transmits an identification signal.
  • the identification signal is unique with each transponder.
  • This identification signal is utilized to identify a vehicle from another. If the roadside controller 4 receive two different identification signals, the roadside controller 4is regarded to detect two different vehicles.
  • the controlller researches whether the vehicle is permitted to pas through the toll gate without toll payment. If roadside controller 4 finds the vehicle is permitted, the roadside controller 4 tells a electronic banking system (not shown) that the vehicle goes through the toll gate. Then the banking system carries out the toll payment operation automatically.
  • Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a roadside tollgate utilizing the automatic toll gate system.
  • antennas 1a and 1b are located straight above the lanes so that the vehicles go through near one of those antennas.
  • Each antenna communicates with vehicles that go through the lanes stright under the antenna.
  • each antenna Because the antenna has to identify each vehicle to communicate individually, each antenna communicates with vehicles on the lanes in pararell.
  • This pararell communication by each of the antennas is indispensable in the case that two or more vehicles run along each lane substantially side by side.
  • each datas received by the antenna must be identified to be transmitted from the same vehicle.
  • one effecive resolution is to join each antenna to each lane (or vehicle on the lane) one by one. In this case, each antenna never communicates with two or more vehicles in pararell. As a result of the above design, the communications between each antenna and each vehicles are not interrupted by inaccurate communication dates.
  • the first subject is to lengthen a service area of the antenna along the lanes. That is, to lengthen the distance L shown in Fig. 3.
  • the main purpose to lengthen the service area is, to elongate a time period which allows data communication between the antenna 1a or 1b and the vehicle transmitter 3.
  • the first subject is an important subject in order to assure communication accuracy between the antenna 1a or 1b and the vehicle transmitter, because the distance shown in Fig.3 must be longer when the vehicle runs at higher speed, in order to elongate the time period to complete the data communication between the antenna 1a or 1b and the vehicle transmitter 3. It is because, vehicle at higher speed only needs less time to run through the distance L of the service area .
  • the communication accuracy is a critical problem in the toll gate system case, because the toll gate system handles money transaction.
  • the second subject is to sharpen the service area of the antenna across the lanes. That is, to contract the width W shown in Fig. 4.
  • the main purpose to sharpen the service area is, to keep the antenna from communication with improper vehicles on the other lanes.
  • the beacon 2 misdetects the one vehicle as a plurality of vehicles. If two antennas communicate with one vehicle, the beacon misdetects the vehicle as two vehicles.
  • the antenna tends to be larger and heavier. It will be inevitable because directional antennas are utilized in order to sharpen the service area. The directional antennas are relatively large and heavy.
  • this invention will try to provide a suitable solution against the dilemma. Objectively, this invention will keep the toll gate system free from the misdetection of vehicles when the service area is elongated.
  • the system observes the received radiowave signals from the mobile station, and detects signal levels from the radiowave signals. If the plurality of antennas receive radiowave signals from one mobile station, the beacon compares the signal levels from each antennas, and employs only one signal that shows higher (or highest) signal level. Then, the following signals from the antenna which received the higher (or highest) level signal will be employed by the beacon.
  • the higher (or highest) signal level shows a relatively closer (or closest) communication between an antenna and a mobile station. It means that the antenna than brings a higher (or highest) signal level is one the antennas which is positioned straight above the lane along which the vehicle is running.
  • Fig. 1 shows a driver's view when a vehicle comes up to an automatic toll gate.
  • Fig. 2 shows a summarized sectional view of an automatic toll gate system.
  • Fig. 3 shows a conceptional view of a service area length.
  • Fig. 4 shows a conceptional view of a service area width, and also of a misdetection of vehicles.
  • Fig. 5 shows a conceptional view that the plurality of antennas request an ID signal for a mobile station.
  • Fig. 6 shows a conceptional view that the mobile station transmits ID signal in response to the request.
  • Fig. 7 shows a conceptional view that the beacon detects signals and compares the signal levels.
  • Fig. 5 shows a conceptional view of the toll gate system from the driver's position. As shown in the fig. 5, antennae 1a and 1b are held aloft above the road. Each of the antennas are positioned substantially straight above each lane, so that each of the antennas correspond with each lanes one by one.
  • antennas 1a and 1b communicate with the vehicle transmitter (cited as 3 below) being kept under control of beacon 2. Under the control of the beacon 2, the antennas 1a and 1b synchronize with each other in communication process between the antennas and the vehicle transmitter.
  • a vehicle comprises a mobile station 3.
  • the transponder has a radiowave transceiver that can exchange digital dates between the antennas 1a and 1b.
  • the datas include vehicle ID data, which is unique to each transponder 3.
  • the beacon 2 When a vehicle approaches the toll gate, the beacon 2 detects the vehicle. Then the beacon 2 generates a request signal (not shown), and transmits the request signal from the antennas 1a and 1b toward the vehicle. In this condition, the beacon 2 does not recognize whether the vehicle is on the right lane (above which the antenna 1a is held aloft) or on the left lane (above which the antenna 1b is held aloft).
  • This request signal should be synchronized, because the mobile station 3 should correctly regard that the request signal was transmitted only once, not twice.
  • the mobile station 3 When the request signal is transmitted from the antenna 1a or 1b, the mobile station 3 receives the request signal. In this condition, the mobile station 3 does not distinguish from which antenna 1a or 1b the request signal was received.
  • the mobile station 3 transmits a response signal (not shown) toward both of the antennas 1a and 1b.
  • the mobile station 3 does not specify a transmission object as the antenna 1a or 1b but radiates the radiofrequency response signal broadly forward.
  • the beacon 2 On receiving the response signal from the mobile station 3, the beacon 2 interrupts the signal transmission temporally. During the interruption, the beacon 2 analyses the response signals received by the antennas 1a and 1b.
  • the analysis contains two sequential processes; a first process to find vehicle IDs contained in the response signals both from the antennas 1a and 1b, and a second process to compare whether the vehicle IDs from the antenna 1a and the one from the antenna 1b are the same or not.
  • the beacon 2 resumes each communication utilizing the antennas 1a and 1b.
  • the antennas 1a and 1b are communicating with respective mobile station 3s. That is, two (or more) vehicles are approaching the toll gate substantially side by side. So, the beacon 2 must continue communication with each mobile station 3s, in order to settle account on each vehicle respectively.
  • the beacon 2 utilizes only one response signal for fee account.
  • the beacon 2 measures signal levels of each response signals. Then the beacon 2 translates the signal levels into additional level signals.
  • the beacon 2 transmits the additional level signals to the beacon controller.
  • the beacon controller 4 compares the singnal levels of the response signals each received by the antenna 1a and received by the antenna 1b.
  • each of the signal levels indicate the distances between the mobile station 3 and each antennas 1a and 1b.
  • the distances inform that along which lane the vehicle is going. By comparing the distance, it is identified which antenna was of the shortest distanse from the mobile station 3.
  • the antenna of the shortest distance should continue communication with the mobile station 3.
  • the antenna 1a After that identification, the antenna 1a, of the shortest distance, resumes the communication process.
  • the beacon controller 4 registers the ID of the mobile station 3. Then the vehicle corresponding to the ID is regarded to run along the lane which is straight below the antenna 1a.
  • the beacon 2 transmits following signals.
  • the following signals show that the beacon controller 4 has registered the vehicle ID to the system.
  • the antenna 1b of the longer distsance, keeps the following communication process in suspend.
  • the antenna 1b transmits the request signal repeatedly, because the antenna 1b must communicate with another vehicle that approaches the toll gate along the lane below the antenna 1b.
  • the antenna 1b is free from wasting communication ability.
  • the communication between the antenna 1a or 1b and the mobile station 3 is completed only once for one mobile station 3.
  • This process is effective for fee transaction accuracy, because the toll gate system can avoid double charge of the fee. And this process is also effective for accuracy, because the beacon will not overlook any vehicles which have mobile stations.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
EP97120015A 1996-11-14 1997-11-14 Système de communication de bord de route Withdrawn EP0843295A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8302765A JP2974972B2 (ja) 1996-11-14 1996-11-14 路車間無線通信方法
JP302765/96 1996-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0843295A1 true EP0843295A1 (fr) 1998-05-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97120015A Withdrawn EP0843295A1 (fr) 1996-11-14 1997-11-14 Système de communication de bord de route

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0843295A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2974972B2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2375871A (en) * 2001-03-30 2002-11-27 Comm Res Lab Traffic monitoring system using vehicle identification
CN101639950B (zh) * 2008-07-29 2011-07-13 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种车道收费系统中的数据同步方法及装置
WO2016054994A1 (fr) * 2014-10-09 2016-04-14 中国银联股份有限公司 Système de collecte de droit de péage sans arrêt

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0249951A1 (fr) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-23 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Système de balise de côté de route
EP0567905A2 (fr) * 1992-04-28 1993-11-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Système de transmission de données bidirectionelle entre une balise et un véhicule
EP0613108A1 (fr) * 1993-02-23 1994-08-31 Texas Instruments Incorporated Système d'identification

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0249951A1 (fr) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-23 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Système de balise de côté de route
EP0567905A2 (fr) * 1992-04-28 1993-11-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Système de transmission de données bidirectionelle entre une balise et un véhicule
EP0613108A1 (fr) * 1993-02-23 1994-08-31 Texas Instruments Incorporated Système d'identification

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2375871A (en) * 2001-03-30 2002-11-27 Comm Res Lab Traffic monitoring system using vehicle identification
US6781523B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2004-08-24 National Institute Of Information And Communications Technology Road traffic monitoring system
GB2375871B (en) * 2001-03-30 2004-11-24 Comm Res Lab Road traffic monitoring system
CN101639950B (zh) * 2008-07-29 2011-07-13 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种车道收费系统中的数据同步方法及装置
WO2016054994A1 (fr) * 2014-10-09 2016-04-14 中国银联股份有限公司 Système de collecte de droit de péage sans arrêt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH10145288A (ja) 1998-05-29
JP2974972B2 (ja) 1999-11-10

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