EP0838552B1 - Weiche für eisenbahnschienen - Google Patents

Weiche für eisenbahnschienen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0838552B1
EP0838552B1 EP97919409A EP97919409A EP0838552B1 EP 0838552 B1 EP0838552 B1 EP 0838552B1 EP 97919409 A EP97919409 A EP 97919409A EP 97919409 A EP97919409 A EP 97919409A EP 0838552 B1 EP0838552 B1 EP 0838552B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
movable element
moulded
rail
parts
acute
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97919409A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0838552A1 (de
Inventor
José Antonio BARRENCUA LEON
Juan Carlos Sanchez Jorrin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JEZ Sistemas Ferroviarios SL
Original Assignee
JEZ Sistemas Ferroviarios SL
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Application filed by JEZ Sistemas Ferroviarios SL filed Critical JEZ Sistemas Ferroviarios SL
Publication of EP0838552A1 publication Critical patent/EP0838552A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/10—Frogs
    • E01B7/14—Frogs with movable parts

Definitions

  • the object of this invention refers, as its title indicates, to an acute swing nose crossing for railways, which can be incorporated to a continuous welded-rail, comprising a fixed element and a movable element, presenting important advantages over the methods currently used for this purpose.
  • the first known type of acute swing nose crossing includes those crossings carried out entirely assembled, where the housing or casing, that is, the fixed element, is made of rails, preferably joined by brackets and bolts and nuts to a plate assembly, in turn joined to the sleeper, and the movable element is made of machined carbon steel rails or forged elements of the same material.
  • the housing or casing that is, the fixed element
  • the movable element is made of machined carbon steel rails or forged elements of the same material.
  • the second known type of acute swing nose crossing for railways groups those crossings in which the fixed element, in its front part, is a cast mono-block, preferably of austenitic manganese steel, and the moving element is entirely made of machined rails.
  • the crossings of the second described type represent an improved design with respect to the crossings of the first type, on eliminating the assembled fixed element and replacing the latter by a cast mono-block housing, preferably of austenitic manganese steel and making the movable element of a machined rail.
  • the bolted joints are eliminated in the fixed element area bearing the passage of the wheel, with the consequent saving in maintenance costs.
  • the beneficial properties of said material with respect to impacts and wear are taken advantage of.
  • said material When implemented, said material has a moderate natural surface hardness (approximately 200 HBN), so that in the first moments working it undergoes plastic deformations due to the passage of train wheels, causing the typical lips and burrs on the edges of the rolling table.
  • said phenomenon requires a maintenance work consisting of eliminating burrs by grinding when the crossing has achieved its superficial regime hardness (approximately 350 HBN-400 HBN).
  • this invention refers to an acute swing nose crossing suitable for being coupled to entrance and exit rails, consisting of a fixed element and another movable element, in which the former consists of a first part made of cast manganese steel and of a second part made in rails, preferably formed by joining two rails to said first part, which are appropriate to act as anchoring elements for accessories such as buffers, heel-blocks, ribbed plates and expansion joint and whose movable element consists of an element made of cast manganese steel and of two rail parts joined to the former, one of said rails being joined to said part made of rails of said fixed element by means of bolted heel-blocks and joining the other of said rails to the expansion joint, this latter part of the longitudinal rail sliding in the expansion joint on the side of the diverted line suitable to prevent the assembly formed by said moving element from forming a non-deformable triangle.
  • the acute swing nose crossing object of this invention, has sliding means for the movable element inside the fixed element, as well as means for coupling
  • Said rail parts, both the fixed element and the moving element, which are joined to the respective parts made of moulded manganese steel, as well as the union of the fixed moulded part with the entrance rails, is made by means of a welding procedure, preferably by flash butt welding.
  • the union or unions of the moulded part of the moving element with the rail parts of said movable element are reinforced, preferably by means of safety fish plates.
  • both of the movable and fixed elements can be made of heat treated carbon or low alloy steel, and joined to the adjacent rails, that is, both parts of both elements made in rail, and the entrance rails, by means of conventional welding procedures.
  • said parts made of cast manganese steel are preferably hardened by explosive hardening in the areas subjected to wear and/or deformation by the train wheels, as well as in the areas of mutual coupling between said parts, up to a hardness of approximately 350 HBN.
  • the advantages contributed by the acute swing nose crossing for railways, object of this invention, in its preferred embodiment can be easily deduced, in this way constituting an improvement over the two main existing types of swing nose crossing.
  • the advantages contributed by using high manganese content austenitic steel in the rolling areas, on both the fixed and the movable elements since it benefits from the advantages of said material itself, because it is a material that can easily be repaired by welding, is resistant to wear and impacts in the most critical crossing areas and the hard layer of the material is regenerated with the passage of the wheels, as compared with materials hardened by heat treatment, whose hard layer gradually disappears with wear.
  • the use of monolithic parts instead of assembled ones requires less maintenance and involves greater safety.
  • the explosive impact hardening of the manganese steel in the coupling areas of both the moving and fixed elements, as well as in the rolling areas permits a longer lasting operation of said elements, since it previously acquires an elevated hardness preventing initial wear and plastic deformations occurring in non-hardened manganese steel elements, a better conservation of the ideal geometrical shape of the elements subjected to contact with the wheel, nose and housing, hence avoiding the formation of burrs, which may hinder the correct coupling between both, as well as noises and impacts in rolling and lower conservation costs, on preventing grinding jobs and burr elimination.
  • Figure 1 shows a plant view of the acute swing nose crossing for railways, object of this invention, giving passage to the circulation by direct rail, considering that said crossing is integrated in a simple diversion, with diversion to the right.
  • Figure 2 shows a plant view of the acute swing nose crossing for railways represented in the previous figure, giving passage to the circulation along the diverted rail.
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 represent the cross sections AB, CD and EF of figure 1, respectively.
  • Figure 6 shows a plant view of the part made of cast manganese steel of the fixed element of the acute swing nose crossing for railways, object of this invention.
  • Figure 7 shows the cross section OP of the part shown in the previous figure.
  • Figure 8 shows a plant view of the part made of cast manganese steel of the movable element of the acute swing nose crossing for railways, object of this invention.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show the cross sections QR and ST of the part shown in the previous figure, respectively.
  • the acute swing nose crossing for railways, object of this invention consists of a fixed element (1) and another movable element (2).
  • the fixed element (1) comprises a first moulded part (1A) made of cast manganese steel and a second part (1B), formed by joining two rails to said first molded part (1A), which are appropriate to act as anchoring elements for accessories such as buffers, heel-blocks, ribbed plates and expansion joint (3).
  • the movable element (2) consists of a first moulded part (2A) of a triangular shape made of cast manganese steel and of two rail parts (2B, 2B'), joined to said moulded part (2A) at its heel, by means of one or two of its extensions.
  • One of said rail parts (2B) is joined to said part made of rails (1B) of said fixed element (1) by means of bolted heel-blocks (4A, 4B, 4C).
  • the other of said rail parts (2B') of the movable element (2) slides longitudinally on the expansion joint (3) formed by the rail part (2B') and the splice rail (5), with the purpose of preventing the triangle formed by said movable element (2) joined to the heel-blocks (4A, 4B, 4C) comprising a non-deformable triangle on making its lateral movement.
  • Said parts of rail (2B, 2B') of the movable element (2) may be joined to the moulded part (2A) by means of two independent joints, as shown in figures 1 and 2 or by means of a single double joint of both parts of the rail (2B, 2B') with said moulded part (2A).
  • Figures 1 and 2 show the movable element (2) coupled on the fixed element (1), opening the way to circulation along the direct line and the diverted line, respectively.
  • the transfer of rolling between the fixed element (1) and the movable element (2) is performed in the respective parts made of moulded manganese steel (1A, 2A), taking advantage of the excellent impact and wear characteristics of said material, since in this area impact and wear loads are produced, especially when worn double flanged wheel sets circulate.
  • the moulded part (1A) of the fixed element (1) consists of an extended and hollow housing, the moulded part (2A) of the movable element (2) slides inside said part (1a) (see figures 3 and 4), being joined on one side to the entrance rails (6) by means of a flash butt welding procedure and, on the other, to the part made of rails (1B) of the fixed element itself (1), the latter being a support part of other items, such as buffers, heel-blocks, etc.
  • the rail part (2B') and the splice rail (5) are directly welded to the adjacent rails by means of a procedure such as thermit welding. Since the manganese steel making up the moulded part (1A) of the fixed element (1) and the carbon steel of the adjacent rails (6) cannot be welded in a conventional way, it is necessary to use a special welding procedure, preferably by flash butt welding, for the union of the former.
  • said joints are reinforced by means of safety fish plates (8) bolted to the web of the parts of the movable element (2), to provide greater safety to said joint before said stresses.
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 show different cross sections of the swing nose crossing for railways represented in figure 1. More specifically, figure 3 (section AB) corresponds to a coupling section of the moulded manganese steel parts (1A, 2A) in the position of the movable element (2) shown in figure 1. Of course, the other position of the movable element (2) will be symmetrical to that shown in said figure 3.
  • Figure 4 (section CD) corresponds to a section in the area where there is no direct coupling between the fixed element (1) and the movable element (2).
  • figure 5 (section EF) corresponds to a crossing section representing the embedded area between the fixed element (1) and the movable element (2).
  • the moulded parts (1A, 2A) made of cast manganese steel are preferably hardened by explosive hardening in the areas subjected to wear and/or deformation by the train wheels, as well as in the areas of mutual coupling between said parts, up to a hardness of at least 350 HBN approximately.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show by means of a grid and a dotted dashed line, respectively, different views of the areas to be hardened by explosive hardening of the moulded part (1A) of the fixed element (1) corresponding to the rolling table and the coupling area between the former and the moulded part (2A) of the movable element (2).
  • figures 8, 9 and 10 show by means of a grid and a dotted dashed line, respectively, different views of the areas to be hardened by explosive hardening of the moulded part (2A) of the movable element (2) coincident with the rolling table and with the coupling area between the former and the moulded part (1A) of the fixed element (1).
  • the acute swing nose crossing is completed with devices such as locks, detecting rods, as well as other parts, which are not object of this patent.
  • the entire assembly of the invention will be adjusted to the different cants the rolling elements may take, whether 1:20, 1:30, 1:40 and even 1: ⁇ .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Weiche mit beweglichem Herzstück für Schienen, die in eine nahtlosgeschweisste Schiene eingebunden werden kann, welche ein festes und ein bewegliches Element beinhaltet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das festes Element (1) aus einem geformten und aus Manganhartstahl bestehendes Teil (1A) und aus einem zweiten, aus Schienen gebildeten, Teil (1B), welcher bevorzugterweise durch eine Verbindung zweier Schienen mit dem ersten Teil (1A) hergegestellt wird, welche als Ankerelemente für Zusätze wie Puffer, Riegelkeil, Rippenplatte, Dehnungsausgleicher (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das bewegliche Teil (2) aus einem aus Manganhartstahl geformten Teil (2A) besteht und die zwei Schienenteile (2B, 2B') zu dem vorigen zusammengefügt sind, wobei eines der besagten Schienenteile (2B) an das besagte Schienenteil (1B) des genannten festen Elements (1) mittels einer Bolzenverbindung eines Riegelkeils (4A, 4B, 4C) gekuppelt ist, und das andere Schienenteil (2B') mit dem Dehnungsausgleicher (3) verbunden ist, und dadurch, dass eine Vorrichtung zum Verschieben von besagtem beweglichen Elements (2) innerhalb des festen Elements (1) aufweisst, wie auch eine Vorrichtung zum Verkuppeln des beweglichen Elements (2) zur Rechten oder zur Linken.
  2. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Weiche mit beweglichem Herzstück für Schienen, unter Bezug zum vorherigen Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in besagtem Schienenteil (2B') des beweglichen Elements (2) innerhalb des besagtem Dehnungsausgleichers (3) sich in Längsrichtung auf der Seite des sich abzweigendes Gleises bewegt und dadurch geeignet ist, das Dreieck, welches von besagtem beweglichen Element (2) gebildet ist, vor der Bildung eines nichtverformbaren Dreiecks zu bewahren.
  3. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Weiche mit beweglichem Herzstück für Schienen unter Bezugnahme der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Verbindung besagter Schienenteile (1B, 2B, 2B') beide festen Teile (1) und das bewegliche Element (2) zu den entsprechend geformten Teilen (1A, 2A), die aus Manganhartstahl bestehen, wie auch die Verbindung von besagten geformten Teil (1A) und des festen Elements (1) an der Einführungsschiene (6), mittels durch Schweissverfahren hergestellt, bevorzugterweise mittels Abbrennstumpfschweissen und dadurch das die Verbindung oder die Verbindungen (7) des geformten Teils (2A) mit den Schienenteilen (2B, 2B') von dem beweglichen Element (2) durch die Sicherheitslasche (8) verstärkt ist.
  4. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Weiche mit beweglichem Herzstück für Schienen unter Bezugnahme von den Ansprüchen 1,2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet das die geformten Teile (1A, 2A), aus Manganhartstahl hergestellt, durch explosives Härten gehärtet zu einer durchschnittlichen Härte von ungefähr 350 HBN in den durch Verschleiss und Verformung durch die Zugräder betroffenen Bereichs, wie auch den Bereichen der gemeinsamen Kupplung dient.
  5. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Weiche mit beweglichem Herzstück für Schienen, welche in eine nahtlosgeschweisste Schiene eingebunden werden kann, welche ein festes Element und ein bewegliches Element beinhaltet, die daurch gekennzeichnet sind, dass das feste Teil (1) aus einem zuerst geformten Teil (1A), aus einer Kohlenstoff- oder niedrigen Stahllegierung bestehendem und einem zweiten Teil, der aus Schienen gebildet (1B), bevorzugterweiser mittels einer Verbindung von zwei Schienen zu besagtem gebildeten Teil (1A) geformt ist, welche als Ankerelemente für Zusatzgegenstände wie Puffer, Riegelkeil, Rippenplatte und Dehnungsausgleicher (3) geeignet sind, in das das bewegliche Element (2), aus dem geformten Teil (2A) bestehend, welches aus einer Kohlenstoff- oder einer niedrigen Stahllegierung besteht und aus zwei Schienenteilen (1B) von dem festen Element (1) mittels eines bolted Riegelkeil (4A, 4B, 4C), und von der Verbindung mit anderen besagten Schienenteilen (2B') zu den Dehnungsausgleicher (3), dadurch, dass Möglichkeiten zum Verschieben des besagten beweglichen Elements (2) innerhalb des festen Elements (1) besitzt, wie auch die Möglichkeit zum Verkuppeln der beweglichen Elemente (2) zur Rechten oder zur Linken, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rollfläche der geformten Teile (1A, 2A) hitzebehandelt sind und besagte geformte Teile (1A, 2A) mit den Schienenteilen (1B, 2B, 2B') und den anliegenden Schienen (6) mittels herkömmlichen oder speziellen Schweissvorgängen verbunden sind.
  6. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Weiche mit beweglichem Herzstück für Schienen, gemäss Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schienenteil (2B') des beweglichen Teils (2) in länglicher Richtung in besagtem Dehnungsausgleicher (3) verschiebbar ist, was dazu geeignet ist, das durch besagtes bewegliches Element (2) geformte Dreieck davor bewahrt ein nicht unverformbares Dreieck zu bilden.
  7. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Weiche mit beweglichem Herzstück für Schienen, gemäss Ansprüchen 5 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das die Verbindung von besagten Schienenteilen (1B, 2B, 2B'), beide festen Elemente (1) und das bewegliche Element (2) zu dem entsprechend geformten Teilen (1a, 2A), die aus Kohlenstoff- oder einer leichten Stahllegierung hergestellt sind, wie auch die Verbindung der besagten geformten Teile (1A) des festen Elements (1) an der Einführungsschiene (6), die mittels herkömmlichen oder speziellen Schweissvorgängen hergestellt werden, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindung oder die Verbindungen (7) der geformten Teile (2A) mit einem Schienenteil (2B, 2B') vom beweglichen Element (2) mittels Sicherheitslaschen (8) verstärkt sind.
  8. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Weiche mit beweglichem Herzstück für Schienen, gemäss der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rollflächen, im festen und beweglichen Modus einen bevorzugte Schienenneigung von 1:20, 1:30, 1:40 oder 1: einnehmen.
EP97919409A 1996-04-29 1997-04-24 Weiche für eisenbahnschienen Expired - Lifetime EP0838552B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES9600974A ES2137807B1 (es) 1996-04-29 1996-04-29 Cruzamiento agudo de punta movil para ferrocarril.
ES9600974 1996-04-29
PCT/ES1997/000104 WO1997041305A1 (es) 1996-04-29 1997-04-24 Cruzamiento agudo de punta movil para ferrocarril

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0838552A1 EP0838552A1 (de) 1998-04-29
EP0838552B1 true EP0838552B1 (de) 2003-05-28

Family

ID=8294663

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97919409A Expired - Lifetime EP0838552B1 (de) 1996-04-29 1997-04-24 Weiche für eisenbahnschienen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0838552B1 (de)
ES (2) ES2137807B1 (de)
PT (1) PT838552E (de)
WO (1) WO1997041305A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9710409D0 (en) * 1997-05-20 1997-07-16 Bicc Plc Railway turnout
DE19758042A1 (de) * 1997-12-29 1999-07-15 Duerkopp Adler Ag Kreuzung für einen Hängeförderer
FR2788535B1 (fr) * 1999-01-15 2001-05-04 Comagep Coeur de croisement a pointe mobile et procede de fabrication d'un tel coeur de croisement
KR100395576B1 (ko) * 2000-09-18 2003-08-21 박장묵 철도용 망간크로싱의 육성재생 방법/특결
DE602004006072D1 (de) 2004-01-16 2007-06-06 Jez Sist S Ferroviarios S L Eisenbahnweiche mit flexibler Zunge
ES2265237B1 (es) * 2004-09-08 2007-12-16 Felguera Melt, S.A. Dispositivo para la disminucion de los esfuerzos de maniobra en los cruzamientos ferroviarios de punta movil.
AT505822B1 (de) * 2007-10-05 2009-09-15 Vae Eisenbahnsysteme Gmbh Verfahren zum verbinden eines manganhartstahlgussteils mit einer regelschiene
GB0802495D0 (en) 2008-02-11 2008-03-19 Balfour Beatty Plc Swing nose crossing
DE102008023038B3 (de) * 2008-05-09 2009-06-25 Db Netz Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Herzstücks mit einem Spitzenblock und zwei an den Spitzenblock anschließenden, zu einem Mittelblock gefügten Anschluss-Schienenabschnitten, sowie Herzstück
ES2364827B1 (es) * 2010-01-25 2012-08-03 Amurrio Ferrocarril Y Equipos, S.A. Estructura de cruzamiento tranviario de punta movil
ES2399735B1 (es) * 2010-06-15 2013-11-13 Jez Sistemas Ferroviarios, S.L. Corazon agudo de punta movil para aparatos de via de carril garganta
ES2488765T3 (es) 2011-02-08 2014-08-28 Jez Sistemas Ferroviarios, S.L. Corazón agudo de punta móvil para ferrocarril
FR2992334B1 (fr) * 2012-06-21 2015-01-02 Vossloh Cogifer Jonction d'elements de voie ferroviaire en acier manganese par soudure directe
GB2581383A (en) * 2019-02-15 2020-08-19 Progress Rail Services Uk Ltd Improved steel railway crossing

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT312649B (de) * 1971-03-27 1974-01-10 Krupp Ag Huettenwerke Zungenweiche mit verschwenkbarem Herzstück
FR2142574B1 (de) * 1971-06-21 1973-05-25 Paris & Outreau Acieries
DE3339442C1 (de) * 1983-10-29 1985-05-02 Schreck-Mieves GmbH, 4600 Dortmund Herzstueck fuer Weichen oder Kreuzungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Herzstueckes
FR2640294B1 (fr) * 1988-12-12 1991-03-15 Cogifer Cie Gle Installat Ferr Procede de fabrication d'un coeur de croisement a pointe mobile et coeur de croisement ainsi obtenu
FR2695662B1 (fr) * 1992-09-11 1994-11-18 Cogifer Encastrement de la pointe mobile dans le berceau d'un cÓoeur de croisement incorporé dans les longs rails soudés et procédé de réalisation d'un tel encastrement.
FR2700344B1 (fr) * 1993-01-08 1995-03-31 Cogifer Procédé pour la fabrication d'un élément d'appareil de voie ferroviaire et élément en résultant.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2208894T3 (es) 2004-06-16
PT838552E (pt) 2003-09-30
WO1997041305A1 (es) 1997-11-06
ES2137807A1 (es) 1999-12-16
EP0838552A1 (de) 1998-04-29
ES2137807B1 (es) 2000-08-16

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