Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
  • B61H13/00—Actuating rail vehicle brakes
  • B61H13/20—Transmitting mechanisms
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
  • B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
  • B61H11/14—Combinations of different types of brakes, e.g. brake blocks acting on wheel-rim combined with disc brakes

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a braking device for a railway vehicle, and more particularly to such a device comprising traction means arranged to apply a braking pad on a braking surface secured to a wheel of the vehicle.
• the brake pad acts by friction on the tire of the wheel to cause braking.
• the traction means generally consist of a triangular member made of metal bars and called the brake triangle. This triangle is isosceles with its vertex in the plane of symmetry of the wagon and its two other angles in the vicinity of two of the wheels of the wagon mounted on the same axis.
• the braking force is applied to the top of the brake triangle in the aforementioned plane of symmetry, and this force is equally distributed between the two pads to apply them to the corresponding wheel tread to cause the braking of the wagon.
• the present invention aims to provide improved braking means for railway vehicles. More particularly, it aims to provide a braking device combining the simplicity and robustness of traditional brakes with more effective braking. It also aims to provide such a device which can use the traditional triangle brake chain. of brake. It also aims to increase the braking capacity of such braking chains without increasing the braking force applied to the brake triangle, to reduce operating noise and this at an advantageous cost compared to that of traditional disc braking. .
• the subject of the invention is a braking device for a railway vehicle, comprising traction means arranged to apply a braking pad on a braking surface secured to a wheel of the vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a reaction member, at least one lever arranged to cooperate with said reaction member, connection means between said traction means and said lever, said brake shoe being carried by said lever to be applied to said braking surface by pivoting of said lever under the action of said traction means and said reaction member.
• the lever device according to the invention makes it possible to increase the braking power while retaining the same braking control chain as in conventional devices.
• said reaction member is constituted by the tire of a vehicle wheel, said lever cooperating with said tire by means of a support member.
• said support member can form a braking pad, said braking surface then forming a complementary braking surface.
• the additional braking surface increases the braking capacity compared to a conventional triangle braking device.
• the brake control chain is the same as in these conventional devices.
• the support member does not participate in braking and consists, for example, of a roller rolling on the tire.
• the reaction member is integral with the structure of the vehicle.
• the reaction member is in fact integral with the structure of the bogie.
• This embodiment makes it possible to avoid involving the 4th tire of the wheel in the braking process, and therefore to avoid damaging it. This results in a reduction of noise and vibrations.
• said lever comprises two lever arms on either side of its pivot axis, one of the lever arms carrying the support member and the other arm lever carrying the brake shoe.
• said braking surface may be a cylindrical surface coaxial with the wheel.
• Said braking surface can also be a flat annular surface substantially parallel to the plane of the wheel and coaxial with the wheel.
• the device according to the invention may comprise two integral braking surfaces, each associated with a pad and a lever, the two pads exerting their forces in opposite directions on their respective braking surface.
• the device according to the invention may comprise two pad-carrying levers and an operating lever, one of said pad-holding levers being mounted at its end opposite the pad, pivoting on the reaction member, said operating lever also being pivotally mounted on the reaction member and being connected to the traction means, the other shoe-carrying lever having its end opposite the shoe connected to the operating lever, and said door levers -patin being connected in their central area by a connecting rod.
• It can also include two pad-carrying levers and a force-deflection cylinder substantially at right angles with a longitudinal piston connected to said traction means and a transverse piston, one of said pad-carrying levers being mounted at its end opposite to pad, pivoting on the reaction member, and the other pad holder lever having its end opposite the pad connected to the transverse piston, and said pad holder levers being connected in their central zone by a connecting rod.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 3 is a partial top view of a third embodiment of the invention.
• FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views of one of the levers of Figures 3 and 4;
• FIG. 7 is a top view of a fourth embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 8 and 9 are perspective views of two of the organs of the device of Figure 7;
• FIG. 10 is a top view of a fifth embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 1 a brake triangle of known type, formed by two metal bars 1 of the same length and a third bar 2.
• a jack not shown allows to exercise at point 3 common to the two bars 1 an illustrated effort by arrow F.
• the points 4 common on the one hand to the bar 2 and on the other hand to each of the bars 1 respectively, are located in the vicinity of each of the wheels 5 carried by the same vehicle wheel shaft. When the tensile force F is exerted at point 3, points 4 approach the wheels 5.
• the points 4 are in fact hinge axes for levers 6 each comprising two lever arms 7 and 8 respectively, at right angles.
• the lever arms 7 come out substantially parallel to the axes of the wheels 5, while the arms 8 are substantially parallel to the axis of the vehicle.
• the lever arms 7 carry, at their end opposite to the articulation 4, a braking pad 9 by means of a piston holder (not shown).
• the arms 8 carry, "at their end opposite to the articulation 4, a shoe 10.
• the shoes are produced in a known manner from cast iron and the shoes 10 from composite friction material.
• the annular bands 12 are made of any suitable friction material. They are coaxial with the wheels 5 to which they are fixed and of which they are therefore integral in rotation.
• the invention makes it possible to apply a first braking force of F / 2 to the wheel treads and also a second force of braking on the strips 12.
• the two braking forces exerted on the two strips 12 are directed outward and therefore opposite, which ensures the balance of the brake triangle.
• the lever arm opposite the lever arm 7, namely the lever arm 8 ′ carries a pad 10 ′ which cooperates with a complementary braking surface 12 ′ cylindrical, coaxial to the wheel 5.
• the tire 11 exerts on the shoe 9 a reaction force tending to pivot the lever 6 around the joint 4 in the direction of the arrow F1.
• the pad 10 ' is therefore applied against the surface 12', which, here too, provides a second braking force
• Figures 3 to 6 differs from that of Figure 1 essentially in that it comprises two levers 6 'and 6 "mounted on joints 4' and 4". These articulations are here carried on a part 19 mounted at the end of the bars 1 and 2 and consist of yokes 20 mounted on the axes 4 'and 4 ".
• the pad holders 21 are mounted on the lever arms 8' and 8 "and support the friction pads 10a and 10b themselves.
• the lever arms 7 'and 7 “here “ here” have at their ends return projections 21' and 21 "together receiving a horizontal axis 22 and parallel to the axis of the wheels, and supporting the shoe holder 9 '.
• axis 22 therefore connects the ends of the lever arms 7 'and 7 "and the shoe holder 9'.
• the wheel 5 here carries two complementary friction surfaces on which act two pads 10a and 10b. It thus acts as the disc of known disc brakes.
• the pad 9 When traction is exerted on the brake triangle, the pad 9 is pressed on the tire 11 which pushes the axis 22 and rotates the levers 6 'and 6 "around the axes 4' and 4" so that the pads 10a and 10b are applied to the additional braking bands.
• the reaction member is a fixed member 20, integral with the supporting structure of the wheels, and therefore either of the body of the wagon or of the structure of the bogie.
• This member 20 supports two fixing lugs 21 and 22, the function of which will be seen below.
• An operating lever 23 in the form of a square is pivotally mounted at its midpoint on the ear 21, about an axis 24.
• the end of one of its branches, 25, forms a yoke 26 and the end of its other branch 27 has a bore 28.
• the end 29 of the brake triangle is pierced with an oblong hole 30 so as to engage in the yoke 26.
• An axis 31 passes through the holes 32 of the yoke 26 and 30 of the brake triangle.
• Two levers 33 and 33 ' have one of their ends which supports a brake shoe 34 and 34' respectively cooperating with braking surfaces 35 and 35 'formed on the flanks of the wheel 36.
• the surfaces 35 and 35' could be formed on a disc mounted fixed on the axis of the wheel 36.
• a connecting rod 37 connects the end of the branch 27 of the bracket 23 to the end of the lever 33 opposite the shoe 34.
• this connecting rod is articulated at one of its ends on an axis 30 passing through the hole 28 and at its other end on a pin 39 mounted on the aforementioned end of the lever 33, opposite the shoe 34.
• the embodiment of Figures 7 to 9 which has just been described comprises a number of joints whose wear and tear could eventually affect the performance of the system.
• the embodiment of Figures 10 and 11 overcomes this drawback while retaining the same operating principle.
• the brake triangle 1, 2 here acts on a connecting piece 50.
• the member 20 forms two receiving cavities 51 of hydraulic fluid, forming a jack, from each of which two pistons 52 and 53 come out at right angles.
• the piston 52 is parallel to the direction of traction of the brake triangle and has at its free end a yoke 54 receiving an ear 55 of the connecting piece 50.
• the free end of the piston 53 receives one end of the lever 33 '(which is double, as can be seen in Figure 11) opposite the shoe 34 '.
• the end of the lever 33 opposite the shoe 34 is pivotally mounted on the fixed member 20.
• This embodiment is more robust than the previous one, and it also offers greater adaptability due to the possible choice of the areas of the pistons 52 and 53.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9479545

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (24)

• 1996
  • 1996-05-30 CZ CZ973758A patent/CZ375897A3/cs unknown
  • 1996-05-30 HU HU9900792A patent/HUP9900792A3/hu unknown
  • 1996-05-30 US US08/952,508 patent/US6116382A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-05-30 PL PL96323816A patent/PL181034B1/pl unknown
  • 1996-05-30 AU AU62276/96A patent/AU6227696A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-05-30 SK SK1616-97A patent/SK161697A3/sk unknown
  • 1996-05-30 WO PCT/FR1996/000810 patent/WO1996038330A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1996-05-30 EP EP96920867A patent/EP0828645A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1996-05-30 RO RO97-02185A patent/RO117248B1/ro unknown
  • 1996-05-30 EA EA199700441A patent/EA000157B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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