EP0828645A1 - Braking device for a railway vehicle - Google Patents

Braking device for a railway vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP0828645A1
EP0828645A1 EP96920867A EP96920867A EP0828645A1 EP 0828645 A1 EP0828645 A1 EP 0828645A1 EP 96920867 A EP96920867 A EP 96920867A EP 96920867 A EP96920867 A EP 96920867A EP 0828645 A1 EP0828645 A1 EP 0828645A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
braking
pad
braking device
wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96920867A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Michel Deramaux
Bernard Caron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forges De Fresnes Ste
Original Assignee
Forges De Fresnes Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9506469A external-priority patent/FR2729358B1/en
Application filed by Forges De Fresnes Ste filed Critical Forges De Fresnes Ste
Publication of EP0828645A1 publication Critical patent/EP0828645A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61HBRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H13/00Actuating rail vehicle brakes
    • B61H13/20Transmitting mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61HBRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H11/00Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
    • B61H11/14Combinations of different types of brakes, e.g. brake blocks acting on wheel-rim combined with disc brakes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a braking device for a railway vehicle, and more particularly to such a device comprising traction means arranged to apply a braking pad on a braking surface secured to a wheel of the vehicle.
  • the brake pad acts by friction on the tire of the wheel to cause braking.
  • the traction means generally consist of a triangular member made of metal bars and called the brake triangle. This triangle is isosceles with its vertex in the plane of symmetry of the wagon and its two other angles in the vicinity of two of the wheels of the wagon mounted on the same axis.
  • the braking force is applied to the top of the brake triangle in the aforementioned plane of symmetry, and this force is equally distributed between the two pads to apply them to the corresponding wheel tread to cause the braking of the wagon.
  • the present invention aims to provide improved braking means for railway vehicles. More particularly, it aims to provide a braking device combining the simplicity and robustness of traditional brakes with more effective braking. It also aims to provide such a device which can use the traditional triangle brake chain. of brake. It also aims to increase the braking capacity of such braking chains without increasing the braking force applied to the brake triangle, to reduce operating noise and this at an advantageous cost compared to that of traditional disc braking. .
  • the subject of the invention is a braking device for a railway vehicle, comprising traction means arranged to apply a braking pad on a braking surface secured to a wheel of the vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a reaction member, at least one lever arranged to cooperate with said reaction member, connection means between said traction means and said lever, said brake shoe being carried by said lever to be applied to said braking surface by pivoting of said lever under the action of said traction means and said reaction member.
  • the lever device according to the invention makes it possible to increase the braking power while retaining the same braking control chain as in conventional devices.
  • said reaction member is constituted by the tire of a vehicle wheel, said lever cooperating with said tire by means of a support member.
  • said support member can form a braking pad, said braking surface then forming a complementary braking surface.
  • the additional braking surface increases the braking capacity compared to a conventional triangle braking device.
  • the brake control chain is the same as in these conventional devices.
  • the support member does not participate in braking and consists, for example, of a roller rolling on the tire.
  • the reaction member is integral with the structure of the vehicle.
  • the reaction member is in fact integral with the structure of the bogie.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to avoid involving the 4th tire of the wheel in the braking process, and therefore to avoid damaging it. This results in a reduction of noise and vibrations.
  • said lever comprises two lever arms on either side of its pivot axis, one of the lever arms carrying the support member and the other arm lever carrying the brake shoe.
  • said braking surface may be a cylindrical surface coaxial with the wheel.
  • Said braking surface can also be a flat annular surface substantially parallel to the plane of the wheel and coaxial with the wheel.
  • the device according to the invention may comprise two integral braking surfaces, each associated with a pad and a lever, the two pads exerting their forces in opposite directions on their respective braking surface.
  • the device according to the invention may comprise two pad-carrying levers and an operating lever, one of said pad-holding levers being mounted at its end opposite the pad, pivoting on the reaction member, said operating lever also being pivotally mounted on the reaction member and being connected to the traction means, the other shoe-carrying lever having its end opposite the shoe connected to the operating lever, and said door levers -patin being connected in their central area by a connecting rod.
  • It can also include two pad-carrying levers and a force-deflection cylinder substantially at right angles with a longitudinal piston connected to said traction means and a transverse piston, one of said pad-carrying levers being mounted at its end opposite to pad, pivoting on the reaction member, and the other pad holder lever having its end opposite the pad connected to the transverse piston, and said pad holder levers being connected in their central zone by a connecting rod.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a partial top view of a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views of one of the levers of Figures 3 and 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 and 9 are perspective views of two of the organs of the device of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 10 is a top view of a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 a brake triangle of known type, formed by two metal bars 1 of the same length and a third bar 2.
  • a jack not shown allows to exercise at point 3 common to the two bars 1 an illustrated effort by arrow F.
  • the points 4 common on the one hand to the bar 2 and on the other hand to each of the bars 1 respectively, are located in the vicinity of each of the wheels 5 carried by the same vehicle wheel shaft. When the tensile force F is exerted at point 3, points 4 approach the wheels 5.
  • the points 4 are in fact hinge axes for levers 6 each comprising two lever arms 7 and 8 respectively, at right angles.
  • the lever arms 7 come out substantially parallel to the axes of the wheels 5, while the arms 8 are substantially parallel to the axis of the vehicle.
  • the lever arms 7 carry, at their end opposite to the articulation 4, a braking pad 9 by means of a piston holder (not shown).
  • the arms 8 carry, "at their end opposite to the articulation 4, a shoe 10.
  • the shoes are produced in a known manner from cast iron and the shoes 10 from composite friction material.
  • the annular bands 12 are made of any suitable friction material. They are coaxial with the wheels 5 to which they are fixed and of which they are therefore integral in rotation.
  • the invention makes it possible to apply a first braking force of F / 2 to the wheel treads and also a second force of braking on the strips 12.
  • the two braking forces exerted on the two strips 12 are directed outward and therefore opposite, which ensures the balance of the brake triangle.
  • the lever arm opposite the lever arm 7, namely the lever arm 8 ′ carries a pad 10 ′ which cooperates with a complementary braking surface 12 ′ cylindrical, coaxial to the wheel 5.
  • the tire 11 exerts on the shoe 9 a reaction force tending to pivot the lever 6 around the joint 4 in the direction of the arrow F1.
  • the pad 10 ' is therefore applied against the surface 12', which, here too, provides a second braking force
  • Figures 3 to 6 differs from that of Figure 1 essentially in that it comprises two levers 6 'and 6 "mounted on joints 4' and 4". These articulations are here carried on a part 19 mounted at the end of the bars 1 and 2 and consist of yokes 20 mounted on the axes 4 'and 4 ".
  • the pad holders 21 are mounted on the lever arms 8' and 8 "and support the friction pads 10a and 10b themselves.
  • the lever arms 7 'and 7 “here “ here” have at their ends return projections 21' and 21 "together receiving a horizontal axis 22 and parallel to the axis of the wheels, and supporting the shoe holder 9 '.
  • axis 22 therefore connects the ends of the lever arms 7 'and 7 "and the shoe holder 9'.
  • the wheel 5 here carries two complementary friction surfaces on which act two pads 10a and 10b. It thus acts as the disc of known disc brakes.
  • the pad 9 When traction is exerted on the brake triangle, the pad 9 is pressed on the tire 11 which pushes the axis 22 and rotates the levers 6 'and 6 "around the axes 4' and 4" so that the pads 10a and 10b are applied to the additional braking bands.
  • the reaction member is a fixed member 20, integral with the supporting structure of the wheels, and therefore either of the body of the wagon or of the structure of the bogie.
  • This member 20 supports two fixing lugs 21 and 22, the function of which will be seen below.
  • An operating lever 23 in the form of a square is pivotally mounted at its midpoint on the ear 21, about an axis 24.
  • the end of one of its branches, 25, forms a yoke 26 and the end of its other branch 27 has a bore 28.
  • the end 29 of the brake triangle is pierced with an oblong hole 30 so as to engage in the yoke 26.
  • An axis 31 passes through the holes 32 of the yoke 26 and 30 of the brake triangle.
  • Two levers 33 and 33 ' have one of their ends which supports a brake shoe 34 and 34' respectively cooperating with braking surfaces 35 and 35 'formed on the flanks of the wheel 36.
  • the surfaces 35 and 35' could be formed on a disc mounted fixed on the axis of the wheel 36.
  • a connecting rod 37 connects the end of the branch 27 of the bracket 23 to the end of the lever 33 opposite the shoe 34.
  • this connecting rod is articulated at one of its ends on an axis 30 passing through the hole 28 and at its other end on a pin 39 mounted on the aforementioned end of the lever 33, opposite the shoe 34.
  • the embodiment of Figures 7 to 9 which has just been described comprises a number of joints whose wear and tear could eventually affect the performance of the system.
  • the embodiment of Figures 10 and 11 overcomes this drawback while retaining the same operating principle.
  • the brake triangle 1, 2 here acts on a connecting piece 50.
  • the member 20 forms two receiving cavities 51 of hydraulic fluid, forming a jack, from each of which two pistons 52 and 53 come out at right angles.
  • the piston 52 is parallel to the direction of traction of the brake triangle and has at its free end a yoke 54 receiving an ear 55 of the connecting piece 50.
  • the free end of the piston 53 receives one end of the lever 33 '(which is double, as can be seen in Figure 11) opposite the shoe 34 '.
  • the end of the lever 33 opposite the shoe 34 is pivotally mounted on the fixed member 20.
  • This embodiment is more robust than the previous one, and it also offers greater adaptability due to the possible choice of the areas of the pistons 52 and 53.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The object of the invention is a braking device for a railway vehicle, comprising traction means (1, 2) adapted for engaging a brake shoe with a braking surface integral with the vehicle wheel. The device has a reaction unit (11, 20), one or more levers (6; 6', 6'; 33, 33') co-operating with said reaction unit, and coupling means (23, 41) between said traction means and said lever, wherein the brake shoe is carried by the lever so that it engages the braking surface when the lever is rotated by the action of said traction means and reaction unit.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE FREINAGE BRAKING DEVICE
POUR VEHICULE FERROVIAIREFOR RAIL VEHICLE
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de freinage pour véhicule ferroviaire, et plus particulièrement un tel dispositif comprenant des moyens de traction agencés pour appliquer un patin de freinage sur une surface de freinage solidaire d'une roue du véhicule.The present invention relates to a braking device for a railway vehicle, and more particularly to such a device comprising traction means arranged to apply a braking pad on a braking surface secured to a wheel of the vehicle.
On connaît déjà de tels dispositifs, qui sont plus particulièrement utilisés sur les wagons de marchandises. Le pa in de freinage agit par friction sur le bandage de la roue pour provoquer le freinage. Les moyens de traction sont généralement constitués d'un organe triangulaire réalisé en barres métalliques et dénommé triangle de frein. Ce triangle est isocèle avec son sommet dans le plan de symétrie du wagon et ses deux autres angles dans le voisinage de deux des roues du wagon montées sur un même axe.Such devices are already known, which are more particularly used on freight wagons. The brake pad acts by friction on the tire of the wheel to cause braking. The traction means generally consist of a triangular member made of metal bars and called the brake triangle. This triangle is isosceles with its vertex in the plane of symmetry of the wagon and its two other angles in the vicinity of two of the wheels of the wagon mounted on the same axis.
La force de freinage est appliquée au sommet du triangle de frein dans le plan de symétrie précité, et cette force se répartit également entre les deux patins pour les appliquer sur le bandage de roue correspondant pour provoquer le freinage du wagon.The braking force is applied to the top of the brake triangle in the aforementioned plane of symmetry, and this force is equally distributed between the two pads to apply them to the corresponding wheel tread to cause the braking of the wagon.
On connaît également, généralement utilisés sur les motrices et les voitures de voyageurs, des freins à disques du même type que ceux utilisés par exemple sur les véhicules automobiles. Ces freins présentent l'avantage de fournir un freinage très énergique, et d'être plus silencieux et de générer moins de vibrations que les freins traditionnels agissant sur les bandages de roues. Ils sont toutefois très onéreux et fonctionnent d'une manière totalement différente. Ils ne sont donc pas adaptables aux véhicules ferroviaires munis de triangles de frein.Also known, generally used on power cars and passenger cars, disc brakes of the same type as those used for example on motor vehicles. These brakes have the advantage of providing very vigorous braking, and of being quieter and generating less vibration than traditional brakes acting on wheel treads. However, they are very expensive and work in a completely different way. They are therefore not adaptable to railway vehicles fitted with brake triangles.
La présente invention vise à fournir des moyens de freinage perfectionnés pour véhicules ferroviaires. Plus particulièrement, elle vise à fournir un dispositif de freinage alliant la simplicité et la robustesse des freins traditionnels à un freinage plus efficace. Elle a également pour but de procurer un tel dispositif qui puisse utiliser la chaîne de freinage traditionnelle à triangle de frein. Elle vise en outre à augmenter la capacité de freinage de telles chaînes de freinage sans augmenter la force de freinage appliquée au triangle de frein, à en diminuer le bruit de fonctionnement et cela à un coût avantageux comparé à celui d'un freinage à disques traditionnel.The present invention aims to provide improved braking means for railway vehicles. More particularly, it aims to provide a braking device combining the simplicity and robustness of traditional brakes with more effective braking. It also aims to provide such a device which can use the traditional triangle brake chain. of brake. It also aims to increase the braking capacity of such braking chains without increasing the braking force applied to the brake triangle, to reduce operating noise and this at an advantageous cost compared to that of traditional disc braking. .
A cet effet, l'invention à pour objet un dispositif de freinage pour véhicule ferroviaire, comprenant des moyens de traction agencés pour appliquer un patin de freinage sur une surface de freinage solidaire d'une roue du véhicule, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un organe de réaction, au moins un levier agencé pour coopérer avec ledit organe de réaction, des moyens de liaison entre lesdits moyens de traction et ledit levier, ledit patin de freinage étant porté par ledit levier pour être appliqué sur ladite surface de freinage par pivotement dudit levier sous l'action desdits moyens de traction et dudit organe de réaction.To this end, the subject of the invention is a braking device for a railway vehicle, comprising traction means arranged to apply a braking pad on a braking surface secured to a wheel of the vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a reaction member, at least one lever arranged to cooperate with said reaction member, connection means between said traction means and said lever, said brake shoe being carried by said lever to be applied to said braking surface by pivoting of said lever under the action of said traction means and said reaction member.
Le dispositif à levier selon l'invention permet d'augmenter la puissance du freinage tout en conservant la même chaîne de commande de freinage que dans les dispositifs conventionnels.The lever device according to the invention makes it possible to increase the braking power while retaining the same braking control chain as in conventional devices.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, ledit organe de réaction est constitué par le bandage d'une roue du véhicule, ledit levier coopérant avec ledit bandage par l'intermédiaire d'un organe d'appui .In a particular embodiment of the invention, said reaction member is constituted by the tire of a vehicle wheel, said lever cooperating with said tire by means of a support member.
Plus particulièrement, ledit organe d'appui peut former un patin de freinage, ladite surface de freinage formant alors une surface de freinage complémentaire.More particularly, said support member can form a braking pad, said braking surface then forming a complementary braking surface.
La surface de freinage complémentaire permet d'augmenter la capacité de freinage par rapport à un dispositif de freinage à triangle conventionnel. Néanmoins, comme cela a été indiqué précédemment, la chaîne de commande de freinage est la même que dans ces dispositifs conventionnels.The additional braking surface increases the braking capacity compared to a conventional triangle braking device. However, as indicated above, the brake control chain is the same as in these conventional devices.
En variante, l'organe d'appui ne participe pas au freinage et est constitué, par exemple, d'un galet roulant sur le bandage.As a variant, the support member does not participate in braking and consists, for example, of a roller rolling on the tire.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'organe de réaction est solidaire de la structure du véhicule. Bien entendu, dans le cas où le véhicule est un véhicule à boggies, l'organe de réaction est en fait solidaire de la structure du boggie.In another embodiment of the invention, the reaction member is integral with the structure of the vehicle. Of course, in the event that the vehicle is a bogie vehicle, the reaction member is in fact integral with the structure of the bogie.
Ce mode de réalisation permet d'éviter de faire intervenir 4e bandage de la roue dans le processus de freinage, et par conséquent d'éviter de l'endommager. Il en résulte une diminution du bruit et des vibrations.This embodiment makes it possible to avoid involving the 4th tire of the wheel in the braking process, and therefore to avoid damaging it. This results in a reduction of noise and vibrations.
Egalement dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, ledit levier comprend deux bras de levier de part et d'autre de son axe de pivotement, l'un des bras de levier portant l'organe d'appui et l'autre bras de levier portant le patin de freinage.Also in a particular embodiment of the invention, said lever comprises two lever arms on either side of its pivot axis, one of the lever arms carrying the support member and the other arm lever carrying the brake shoe.
Plus particulièrement, ladite surface de freinage peut être une surface cylindrique coaxiale à la roue.More particularly, said braking surface may be a cylindrical surface coaxial with the wheel.
Ladite surface de freinage peut également être une surface annulaire plane sensiblement parallèle au plan de la roue et coaxiale à la roue.Said braking surface can also be a flat annular surface substantially parallel to the plane of the wheel and coaxial with the wheel.
Dans ce dernier cas notamment, le dispositif selon l'invention peut comprendre deux surfaces de freinage solidaires, chacune associée à un patin et à un levier, les deux patins exerçant leurs efforts dans des directions opposées sur leur surface de freinage respective.In the latter case in particular, the device according to the invention may comprise two integral braking surfaces, each associated with a pad and a lever, the two pads exerting their forces in opposite directions on their respective braking surface.
Il est ainsi possible d'augmenter globalement la force de freinage, et donc la capacité de freinage du dispositif, sans pour autant augmenter la force exercée sur les moyens de traction. En effet, les efforts exercés sur les surfaces de freinage seront généralement exercés latéralement et se compenseront.It is thus possible to globally increase the braking force, and therefore the braking capacity of the device, without increasing the force exerted on the traction means. In fact, the forces exerted on the braking surfaces will generally be exerted laterally and will compensate each other.
Selon le mode de réalisation particulier décrit ci-dessus, le dispositif selon l'invention peut comprendre deux leviers porte-patin et un levier de manoeuvre, l'un desdits leviers porte-patin étant monté à son extrémité opposée au patin, pivotant sur l'organe de réaction, ledit levier de manoeuvre étant également monté pivotant sur l'organe de réaction et étant relié aux moyens de traction, l'autre levier porte-patin ayant son extrémité opposée au patin reliée au levier de manoeuvre, et lesdits leviers porte-patin étant reliés dans leur zone centrale par une biellette de liaison. Il peut également comprendre deux leviers porte-patin et un vérin de renvoi d'effort sensiblement à angle droit avec un piston longitudinal relié auxdits moyens de traction et un piston transversal, l'un desdits leviers porte- patin étant monté à son extrémité opposée au patin, pivotant sur l'organe de réaction, et l'autre levier porte-patin ayant son extrémité opposée au patin reliée au piston transversal, et lesdits leviers porte-patin étant reliés dans leur zone centrale par une biellette de liaison.According to the particular embodiment described above, the device according to the invention may comprise two pad-carrying levers and an operating lever, one of said pad-holding levers being mounted at its end opposite the pad, pivoting on the reaction member, said operating lever also being pivotally mounted on the reaction member and being connected to the traction means, the other shoe-carrying lever having its end opposite the shoe connected to the operating lever, and said door levers -patin being connected in their central area by a connecting rod. It can also include two pad-carrying levers and a force-deflection cylinder substantially at right angles with a longitudinal piston connected to said traction means and a transverse piston, one of said pad-carrying levers being mounted at its end opposite to pad, pivoting on the reaction member, and the other pad holder lever having its end opposite the pad connected to the transverse piston, and said pad holder levers being connected in their central zone by a connecting rod.
On décrira maintenant, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, quelques modes de réalisation de l'invention, en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés dans lesquels:A few embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended schematic drawings in which:
- la figure 1 illustre un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;- Figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 2 illustre un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention;- Figure 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 3 est une vue de dessus partielle d'un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention;- Figure 3 is a partial top view of a third embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 4 en est une vue de face;- Figure 4 is a front view;
- les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues en perspective d'un des leviers des figures 3 et 4;- Figures 5 and 6 are perspective views of one of the levers of Figures 3 and 4;
- la figure 7 est une vue de dessus d'un quatrième mode réalisation de l'invention; et- Figure 7 is a top view of a fourth embodiment of the invention; and
- les figures 8 et 9 sont des vues en perspective de deux des organes du dispositif de la figure 7;- Figures 8 and 9 are perspective views of two of the organs of the device of Figure 7;
- la figure 10 est une vue de dessus d'un cinquième mode de réalisation de l'invention; et- Figure 10 is a top view of a fifth embodiment of the invention; and
- la figure 1 1 en est une vue de côté.- Figure 1 1 is a side view.
On voit sur la figure 1 un triangle de frein de type connu, formé de deux barres métalliques 1 de même longueur et d'une troisième barre 2. Un vérin non représenté permet d'exercer au point 3 commun aux deux barres 1 un effort illustré par la flèche F. Les points 4 communs d'une part à la barre 2 et d'autre part à chacune des barres 1 respectivement, sont situés au voisinage de chacune des roues 5 portées par un même arbre de roue du véhicule. Lorsque l'effort de traction F est exercé au point 3, les points 4 se rapprochent des roues 5.We see in Figure 1 a brake triangle of known type, formed by two metal bars 1 of the same length and a third bar 2. A jack not shown allows to exercise at point 3 common to the two bars 1 an illustrated effort by arrow F. The points 4 common on the one hand to the bar 2 and on the other hand to each of the bars 1 respectively, are located in the vicinity of each of the wheels 5 carried by the same vehicle wheel shaft. When the tensile force F is exerted at point 3, points 4 approach the wheels 5.
Les points 4 sont en fait des axes d'articulation pour des leviers 6 comportant chacun deux bras de levier 7 et 8 respectivement, à angle droit. Les bras de levier 7 sorît sensiblement parallèles aux axes des roues 5, tandis que les bras 8 sont sensiblement parallèles à l'axe du véhicule.The points 4 are in fact hinge axes for levers 6 each comprising two lever arms 7 and 8 respectively, at right angles. The lever arms 7 come out substantially parallel to the axes of the wheels 5, while the arms 8 are substantially parallel to the axis of the vehicle.
Les bras de levier 7 portent, à leur extrémité opposée à l'articulation 4, un patin de freinage 9 par l'intermédiaire d'un porte-pdtin (non représenté). De même, les bras 8 portent, " à leur extrémité opposée à l'articulation 4, un patin 10. Les patins sont réalisées de façon connue en fonte et les patins 10 en matériau de friction composite.The lever arms 7 carry, at their end opposite to the articulation 4, a braking pad 9 by means of a piston holder (not shown). Likewise, the arms 8 carry, "at their end opposite to the articulation 4, a shoe 10. The shoes are produced in a known manner from cast iron and the shoes 10 from composite friction material.
Lorsqu'une traction est exercée sur le triangle de frein, les patins 9 viennent, de façon connue, au contact des bandages 11 des roues 5, ce qui a pour effet de fournir une première force de freinage. Par réaction, les leviers 6 pivotent dans le sens des flèches F1. Dans ce mouvement, chaque patin 10 vient en contact avec une bande annulaire de friction 1 1 située dans un plan parallèle au plan de la roue, ce qui a pour effet de fournir une deuxième force de freinage.When traction is exerted on the brake triangle, the pads 9 come, in known manner, into contact with the tires 11 of the wheels 5, which has the effect of providing a first braking force. By reaction, the levers 6 pivot in the direction of the arrows F1. In this movement, each shoe 10 comes into contact with an annular friction strip 1 1 located in a plane parallel to the plane of the wheel, which has the effect of providing a second braking force.
Les bandes annulaires 12 sont réalisées en tout matériau de friction convenable. Elles sont coaxiales aux roues 5 auxquelles elles sont fixées et dont elles sont donc solidaires en rotation.The annular bands 12 are made of any suitable friction material. They are coaxial with the wheels 5 to which they are fixed and of which they are therefore integral in rotation.
On constate donc que, pour un même effort de traction F que dans les dispositifs de l'art antérieur, l'invention permet d'appliquer une première force de freinage de F/2 sur les bandages de roues et en outre une deuxième force de freinage sur les bandes 12. Les deux forces de freinage exercées sur les deux bandes 12 sont dirigées vers l'extérieur et donc opposées, ce qui assure l'équilibre du triangle de frein.It can therefore be seen that, for the same tensile force F as in the devices of the prior art, the invention makes it possible to apply a first braking force of F / 2 to the wheel treads and also a second force of braking on the strips 12. The two braking forces exerted on the two strips 12 are directed outward and therefore opposite, which ensures the balance of the brake triangle.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, le bras de levier opposé au bras de levier 7, à savoir le bras de levier 8', porte un patin 10' qui coopère avec une surface de freinage complémentaire 12' cylindrique, coaxiale à la roue 5. Comme précédemment, le bandage 11 exerce sur le patin 9 une force de réaction tendant à faire pivoter le levier 6 autour de l'articulation 4 dans le sens de la flèche F1. Le patin 10' est donc appliqué contre la surface 12', ce qui, ici aussi, fournit une deuxième force de freinageIn the embodiment of FIG. 2, the lever arm opposite the lever arm 7, namely the lever arm 8 ′, carries a pad 10 ′ which cooperates with a complementary braking surface 12 ′ cylindrical, coaxial to the wheel 5. As before, the tire 11 exerts on the shoe 9 a reaction force tending to pivot the lever 6 around the joint 4 in the direction of the arrow F1. The pad 10 'is therefore applied against the surface 12', which, here too, provides a second braking force
Le mode de réalisation des figures 3 à 6 diffère de celui de la figure 1 essentiellement par le fait qu'il comprend deux leviers 6' et 6" montés sur des articulations 4' et 4". Ces articulations sont ici portées sur une pièce 19 montée à l'extrémité des barres 1 et 2 et sont constituées de chapes 20 montées sur les axes 4' et 4". Les porte-patin 21 sont montés sur les bras de levier 8' et 8" et supportent eux-mêmes les patins de friction 10a et 10b.The embodiment of Figures 3 to 6 differs from that of Figure 1 essentially in that it comprises two levers 6 'and 6 "mounted on joints 4' and 4". These articulations are here carried on a part 19 mounted at the end of the bars 1 and 2 and consist of yokes 20 mounted on the axes 4 'and 4 ". The pad holders 21 are mounted on the lever arms 8' and 8 "and support the friction pads 10a and 10b themselves.
Les bras de levier 7' et 7" portent "ici à leur extrémité des saillies en retour 21' et 21" recevant ensemble un axe 22 horizontal et parallèle à l'axe des roues, et supportant le porte-patin 9'. L'axe 22 relie par conséquent les extrémités des bras de levier 7' et 7" et le porte-patin 9'.The lever arms 7 'and 7 "here " here have at their ends return projections 21' and 21 "together receiving a horizontal axis 22 and parallel to the axis of the wheels, and supporting the shoe holder 9 '. axis 22 therefore connects the ends of the lever arms 7 'and 7 "and the shoe holder 9'.
La roue 5 porte ici deux surfaces de friction complémentaires sur lesquelles agissent deux patins 10a et 10b. Elle fait ainsi office du disque des freins à disques connus.The wheel 5 here carries two complementary friction surfaces on which act two pads 10a and 10b. It thus acts as the disc of known disc brakes.
Lorsqu'une traction est exercée sur le triangle de frein, le patin 9 est pressée sur le bandage 11 qui repousse l'axe 22 et fait pivoter les leviers 6' et 6" autour des axes 4' et 4" de sorte que les patins 10a et 10b viennent s'appliquer sur les bandes de freinage complémentaires.When traction is exerted on the brake triangle, the pad 9 is pressed on the tire 11 which pushes the axis 22 and rotates the levers 6 'and 6 "around the axes 4' and 4" so that the pads 10a and 10b are applied to the additional braking bands.
Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 7 à 9, l'organe de réaction est un organe fixe 20, solidaire de la structure porteuse des roues, et donc soit de la caisse du wagon soit de la structure du boggie. Cet organe 20 supporte deux oreilles de fixation 21 et 22 dont on verra la fonction ci-après.In the embodiment of FIGS. 7 to 9, the reaction member is a fixed member 20, integral with the supporting structure of the wheels, and therefore either of the body of the wagon or of the structure of the bogie. This member 20 supports two fixing lugs 21 and 22, the function of which will be seen below.
Un levier de manoeuvre 23 en forme d'équerre est monté pivotant en son point milieu sur l'oreille 21 , autour d'un axe 24. L'extrémité d'une de ses branches, 25, forme une chape 26 et l'extrémité de son autre branche 27 possède un perçage 28. L'extrémité 29 du triangle de frein est percée d'un orifice oblong 30 de façon à s'engager dans la chape 26. Un axe 31 traverse les trous 32 de la chape 26 et 30 du triangle de frein.An operating lever 23 in the form of a square is pivotally mounted at its midpoint on the ear 21, about an axis 24. The end of one of its branches, 25, forms a yoke 26 and the end of its other branch 27 has a bore 28. The end 29 of the brake triangle is pierced with an oblong hole 30 so as to engage in the yoke 26. An axis 31 passes through the holes 32 of the yoke 26 and 30 of the brake triangle.
Deux leviers 33 et 33' ont une de leurs extrémités qui supporte un patin de freinage 34 et 34' respectivement coopérant avec des surfaces de freinage 35 et 35' formées sur les flancs de la roue 36. En variante, les surfaces 35 et 35' pourraient être formées sur un disque monté fixe sur l'axe de la roue 36.Two levers 33 and 33 'have one of their ends which supports a brake shoe 34 and 34' respectively cooperating with braking surfaces 35 and 35 'formed on the flanks of the wheel 36. As a variant, the surfaces 35 and 35' could be formed on a disc mounted fixed on the axis of the wheel 36.
Une bielle 37 relie l'extrémité de la branche 27 de l'équerre 23 à l'extrémité du levier 33 opposée au patin 34. A cet effet, cette bielle est articulée à une de ses extrémités sur un axe 30 traversant le trou 28 et à son autre extrémité sur un axe 39 monté sur l'extrémité précitée du levier 33, opposée au patin 34.A connecting rod 37 connects the end of the branch 27 of the bracket 23 to the end of the lever 33 opposite the shoe 34. For this purpose, this connecting rod is articulated at one of its ends on an axis 30 passing through the hole 28 and at its other end on a pin 39 mounted on the aforementioned end of the lever 33, opposite the shoe 34.
Le levier 33' a son extrémité opposée au patin 34' articulée sur l'oreille 22 de l'organe fixe 20. Les zones médianes des leviers 33 et 33' sont reliées par des biellettes de liaison 41 fixées à des axes 42 et 42' respectivement.The lever 33 'at its end opposite the shoe 34' articulated on the ear 22 of the fixed member 20. The middle areas of the levers 33 and 33 'are connected by connecting rods 41 fixed to axes 42 and 42' respectively.
Lorsqu'une traction est exercée sur le triangle de frein, il amène l'équerre 23 à pivoter dans le sens de la flèche F2. Celle-ci amène à son tour le levier 33 à pivoter dans le sens de la flèche F3 autour de l'axe 42. Il en résulte d'une part un appui du patin 34 sur la surface de freinage 35 et, d'autre part, une traction exercée par la biellette 41 sur le levier 33' dans le sens de la flèche F4. Ainsi, les deux patins 34 et 34' sont appliqués sur leur surface de freinage respective 35 et 35'. Par conséquent, dans ce mode de réalisation, le bandage 43 de la roue 36 n'est pas sollicité.When traction is exerted on the brake triangle, it causes the bracket 23 to pivot in the direction of the arrow F2. This in turn causes the lever 33 to pivot in the direction of the arrow F3 around the axis 42. This results on the one hand in pressing the pad 34 on the braking surface 35 and, on the other hand , a traction exerted by the link 41 on the lever 33 'in the direction of arrow F4. Thus, the two pads 34 and 34 'are applied to their respective braking surfaces 35 and 35'. Consequently, in this embodiment, the tire 43 of the wheel 36 is not stressed.
Le mode de réalisation des figures 7 à 9 qui vient d'être décrit comporte un certain nombre d'articulations dont l'usure pourrait à la longue affecter éventuellement le rendement du système. Le mode de réalisation des figures 10 et 11 permet de pallier cet inconvénient tout en conservant le même principe de fonctionnement. Le triangle de frein 1 ,2 agit ici sur une pièce de liaison 50. L'organe 20 forme deux cavités de réception 51 de fluide hydraulique, formant vérin, de chacune desquelles sortent deux pistons 52 et 53 à angle droit.The embodiment of Figures 7 to 9 which has just been described comprises a number of joints whose wear and tear could eventually affect the performance of the system. The embodiment of Figures 10 and 11 overcomes this drawback while retaining the same operating principle. The brake triangle 1, 2 here acts on a connecting piece 50. The member 20 forms two receiving cavities 51 of hydraulic fluid, forming a jack, from each of which two pistons 52 and 53 come out at right angles.
Le piston 52 est parallèle à la direction de traction du triangle de frein et comporte à son extrémité libre une chape 54 recevant une oreille 55 de la pièce de liaison 50. L'extrémité libre du piston 53 reçoit une extrémité du levier 33' (qui est double, comme on peut le constater à la figure 11 ) opposée au patin 34'.The piston 52 is parallel to the direction of traction of the brake triangle and has at its free end a yoke 54 receiving an ear 55 of the connecting piece 50. The free end of the piston 53 receives one end of the lever 33 '(which is double, as can be seen in Figure 11) opposite the shoe 34 '.
L'extrémité du levier 33 opposée au patin 34 est montée pivotante sur l'organe fixe 20.The end of the lever 33 opposite the shoe 34 is pivotally mounted on the fixed member 20.
Ainsi, lorsqu'une traction est exercée par le triangle de frein sur la pièce de liaison 50, celle-ci provoque l'enfoncement des pistons 52 et par conséquent la sortie des pistons 53. Le patin 34' s'applique sur la surface de freinage 35', et le levier 33 est pivoté sous l'action de la biellette 41 , le patin 34 s'appliquant à son tour sur sa surface de freinage 35.Thus, when traction is exerted by the brake triangle on the connecting piece 50, the latter causes the pistons 52 to sink and consequently the pistons 53 to exit. The shoe 34 ′ is applied to the surface of braking 35 ', and the lever 33 is pivoted under the action of the connecting rod 41, the shoe 34 applying in turn on its braking surface 35.
Ce mode de réalisation est plus robuste que le précédent, et il offre en outre une plus grande adaptabilité du fait du choix possible des aires des pistons 52 et 53. This embodiment is more robust than the previous one, and it also offers greater adaptability due to the possible choice of the areas of the pistons 52 and 53.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1- Dispositif de freinage pour véhicule ferroviaire, comprenant des moyens de traction (1 , 2) agencés pour appliquer un patin de freinage sur une surface de freinage solidaire d'une roue du véhicule, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un organe de réaction (11 , 20), au moins un levier (6; 6', 6"; 33, 33') agencé pour coopérer avec ledit organe de réaction, des moyens de liaison (23, 41 ) entre lesdits moyens de traction et ledit levier, ledit patin de freinage étant porté par ledit levier pour être appliqué sur ladite surface de freinage par pivotement dudit levier sous l'action desdits moyens de traction et dudit organe de réaction.1- Braking device for a railway vehicle, comprising traction means (1, 2) arranged to apply a braking pad on a braking surface secured to a wheel of the vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a reaction (11, 20), at least one lever (6; 6 ', 6 "; 33, 33') arranged to cooperate with said reaction member, connecting means (23, 41) between said traction means and said lever, said brake shoe being carried by said lever to be applied to said braking surface by pivoting of said lever under the action of said traction means and said reaction member.
2- Dispositif de freinage selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel ledit organe de réaction est constitué par le bandage (11 ) d'une roue du véhicule, ledit levier coopérant avec ledit bandage par l'intermédiaire d'un organe d'appui (9).2- braking device according to claim 1, wherein said reaction member is constituted by the tire (11) of a vehicle wheel, said lever cooperating with said tire by means of a support member (9 ).
3- Dispositif de freinage selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ledit organe d'appui forme une semelle de freinage, ladite surface de freinage formant une surface de freinage complémentaire.3- A braking device according to claim 2, wherein said support member forms a braking sole, said braking surface forming a complementary braking surface.
4- Dispositif de freinage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3, dans lequel ledit levier comprend deux bras de levier4- Braking device according to any one of claims 2 and 3, wherein said lever comprises two lever arms
(7,8) de part et d'autre de son axe de pivotement (4) , l'un des bras de levier portant l'organe d'appui et l'autre bras de levier portant l'organe de freinage(7,8) on either side of its pivot axis (4), one of the lever arms carrying the support member and the other lever arm carrying the braking member
5- Dispositif de freinage selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel l'organe de réaction (20) est solidaire de la structure du véhicule.5- braking device according to claim 1, wherein the reaction member (20) is integral with the vehicle structure.
6- Dispositif de freinage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel ladite surface de freinage est une surface cylindrique (12') coaxiale à la roue.6- Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said braking surface is a cylindrical surface (12 ') coaxial with the wheel.
7- Dispositif de freinage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel ladite surface de freinage est une surface annulaire (12) plane sensiblement parallèle au plan de la roue et coaxiale à la roue. 8- Dispositif de freinage selon la revendication 7, comprenant deux surfaces de freinage complémentaires solidaires, chacune associée à un patin et à un levier, les deux patins exerçant leurs efforts dans des directions opposées sur leur surface de freinage respective.7- Braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said braking surface is an annular surface (12) plane substantially parallel to the plane of the wheel and coaxial with the wheel. 8- Braking device according to claim 7, comprising two complementary braking surfaces integral, each associated with a shoe and a lever, the two shoes exerting their forces in opposite directions on their respective braking surface.
9- Dispositif de freinage selon l'ensemble des revendications 5 et9- Braking device according to all of claims 5 and
8, comprenant deux leviers porte-patin (33, 33') et un levier de manoeuvre (23), l'un desdits leviers porte-patin étant monté à son extrémité opposée au patin, pivotant sur l'organe de réaction (20), ledit levier de manoeuvre étant également monté pivotant sur l'organe de réaction et étant relié aux moyens de traction, l'autre levier porte-patin ayant son extrémité opposée au patin reliée au levier de manoeuvre, et lesdits leviers porte-patin étant reliés dans leur zone centrale par une biellette de liaison (41).8, comprising two pad-carrying levers (33, 33 ') and an operating lever (23), one of said pad-holding levers being mounted at its end opposite the pad, pivoting on the reaction member (20) , said operating lever also being pivotally mounted on the reaction member and being connected to the traction means, the other pad carrier lever having its end opposite the pad connected to the operating lever, and said pad holder levers being connected in their central area by a connecting rod (41).
10- Dispositif de freinage selon l'ensemble des revendications 5 et 8, comprenant deux leviers porte-patin (33,33') et un vérin (51 ) de renvoi d'effort sensiblement à angle droit avec un piston longitudinal (52) relié auxdits moyens de traction et un piston transversal (53), l'un (33) desdits leviers porte- patin étant monté à son extrémité opposée au patin, pivotant sur l'organe de réaction (20), et l'autre (33') levier porte-patin ayant son extrémité opposée au patin reliée au piston transversal, et lesdits leviers porte-patin étant reliés dans leur zone centrale par une biellette de liaison (41 ). 10- Braking device according to all of claims 5 and 8, comprising two pad-carrying levers (33,33 ') and a jack (51) of force return substantially at right angles with a longitudinal piston (52) connected to said traction means and a transverse piston (53), one (33) of said pad-carrying levers being mounted at its end opposite the pad, pivoting on the reaction member (20), and the other (33 ' ) pad holder lever having its end opposite the pad connected to the transverse piston, and said pad holder levers being connected in their central zone by a connecting rod (41).
EP96920867A 1995-05-31 1996-05-30 Braking device for a railway vehicle Withdrawn EP0828645A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9506469A FR2729358B1 (en) 1994-12-22 1995-05-31 BRAKING DEVICE FOR RAIL VEHICLE
FR9506469 1995-05-31
PCT/FR1996/000810 WO1996038330A1 (en) 1995-05-31 1996-05-30 Braking device for a railway vehicle

Publications (1)

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EP0828645A1 true EP0828645A1 (en) 1998-03-18

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US (1) US6116382A (en)
EP (1) EP0828645A1 (en)
AU (1) AU6227696A (en)
CZ (1) CZ375897A3 (en)
EA (1) EA000157B1 (en)
HU (1) HUP9900792A3 (en)
PL (1) PL181034B1 (en)
RO (1) RO117248B1 (en)
SK (1) SK161697A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1996038330A1 (en)

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WO2015187177A1 (en) * 2014-06-06 2015-12-10 New York Air Brake, LLC Incremented barake pipe reduction
CN106274968B (en) * 2016-09-08 2018-04-13 田春 A kind of Wedge type rail vehicle motor drives friction stopping device

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SK161697A3 (en) 1998-04-08
HUP9900792A3 (en) 2001-10-29
CZ375897A3 (en) 1998-04-15
AU6227696A (en) 1996-12-18
US6116382A (en) 2000-09-12
EA199700441A1 (en) 1998-06-25
EA000157B1 (en) 1998-10-29
PL323816A1 (en) 1998-04-27
PL181034B1 (en) 2001-05-31
HUP9900792A2 (en) 1999-06-28
WO1996038330A1 (en) 1996-12-05
RO117248B1 (en) 2001-12-28

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