Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
  • E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood

Definitions

• the invention relates to a prefabricated wall element for a building.
• Prefabricated wall elements are known from the prefabricated house construction in a wide variety of configurations. In contrast to conventional construction projects in which the walls of a building are built on site, it is possible to assemble prefabricated wall elements directly on the construction site. This results in advantages with regard to the assembly effort required. Furthermore, the wall elements can be prefabricated industrially. This allows devices and devices to be used regardless of the weather.
• the individual wall elements are each manufactured as frame elements which are provided with insulation and filling materials and with a vapor barrier.
• the frame elements each have a cladding on their outside and on their inside.
• the buildings produced in this way consist of a large number of different materials, which have not proven to be optimal with regard to the indoor climate and the heat and sound insulation.
• disposal since diverse materials have to be separated from one another and in some cases disposed of as special waste.
• This also applies to the wooden components used, which are pressure-impregnated and which are screwed or nailed by means of various metallic connecting elements with the interposition of angles and the like.
• the construction of the known prefabricated wall elements does not meet the high ecological requirements, since the impregnation and insulation agents used can release gaseous residues into the interior of the building and since, particularly through the use of vapor barriers, good ventilation of the building is prevented.
• the invention is based on the object of creating a prefabricated wall element for a building which, with a simple construction and simple handling, meets the ecological requirements and in particular ensures a good indoor climate.
• the invention is thus achieved by a prefabricated wall element which consists of a plurality of horizontally lying boards which are connected to one another only by gluing.
• the Wandele ⁇ element is thus constructed like a glulam, but since the joining surfaces, i.e. the glue joints between the individual boards run horizontally, these do not hinder the wall climate. Rather, the wall element is particularly advantageous in terms of building physiology, since it forms a homogeneous wooden wall that reacts like a solid wood component.
• the wall can be formed in one layer, no vapor barriers or the like are required. The merging processes through the horizontally lying boards are possible in the same way as with a solid wood element.
• the wall element according to the invention has the decisive advantage that there is a single-shell, compact wall which can be prefabricated and manufactured in the simplest way. No nailing and the like are required. Rather, the homogeneous structure results from the gluing of the individual boards.
• glues Conventional biologically harmless glues can be used as glues, for example PU glues, the glue content being approximately 1%. Such glues are completely harmless with regard to immissions. PU glues have not previously been used in glue house construction, but this is possible due to the construction of the wall elements according to the invention.
• the wall elements according to the invention also have the advantage that, since they are glued laminated timber, they do not warp and do not work.
• the wall elements meet the highest requirements with regard to fire protection (fire protection class F90b), they offer excellent sound insulation.
• any wall thicknesses can be selected, in practice wall thicknesses between 6 and 28 cm can be achieved, and with corresponding processing machines, larger wall thicknesses are also possible.
• the wall elements can be prefabricated industrially, this prefabrication is independent of the weather and can be done with optimal use of equipment and labor.
• the installation and assembly of the wall elements on the construction site requires extremely short assembly times.
• the wall elements according to the invention are ecologically particularly valuable since they consist almost entirely of renewable raw materials. Domestic woods can be used. Since no impregnation of the wall elements is required and since no additional materials are installed, the wall elements can be disposed of without any problems. This is relevant not only when the building is demolished, but also when renovations, extensions or the like.
• wall elements which are each composed of prefabricated segments can comprise, for example, a threshold, a wall part and / or a lintel element.
• a threshold can be made which extends over the entire wall width, while a plurality of individual wall parts, for example two wall parts, are provided, between which there is a free space for inserting a door.
• a lintel element can then be placed on the wall parts.
• Both the threshold, as well as the individual wall parts and the lintel element can be in be produced as glulam in the manner already described, but it is also possible to manufacture the lintel element or the threshold from a solid wood material. The joining by means of gluing to the finished wall element is also carried out industrially.
• any desired finished walls of a building can be produced. It proves to be particularly advantageous if the wall element is designed as a module element. This means that standardized or standardized dimensions are selected and that standardized or standardized connection areas for ceiling elements, roof elements, further wall elements and / or interior wall elements are provided in the same way. In spite of the industrial production of the wall elements, the needs and requirements of each individual client can be addressed individually. The entire construction planning is greatly simplified as a result, it is possible to generate the finished construction drawings of the individual modules using a relatively simple computer program.
• Conventional windows or doors can be mounted in the door cutouts or window cutouts provided according to the invention.
• connection of the individual wall elements, interior wall elements, ceiling elements, roof elements, etc. takes place by means of joints, penetrations and connections which are formed using conventional folds. Wooden dowels or lock screws or simplex screws can be used as connecting elements. This ensures both the stability of the building and its tightness.
• the wall elements according to the invention although usually neither an outer facade nor an inner cladding are required to meet the required insulation values, can be provided with additional external insulation and a corresponding formwork.
• Both wooden beam ceilings and slab ceilings are suitable for use with the wall elements; the roof trusses can be constructed conventionally or in slab construction.
• the wall elements can be provided with suitable recesses, for example in the form of an eaves wall. It is also possible to provide connections for balconies, etc.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the structure of the wall element according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows an illustration of an embodiment of the wall element according to the invention with additional insulation and cladding
• FIG 3 shows another embodiment of the wall element according to the invention with insulation and cladding
• Fig. 4 is a schematic partial exploded view of an under
• 4a is a schematic plan view of a connection area between an outer wall element and an inner wall element
• FIG. 5 shows a perspective partial representation of a building constructed using wall elements according to the invention
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic partial plan view of a corner region of two wall elements according to the invention
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic partial view, similar to FIG. 5, which shows a further exemplary embodiment of a building constructed using the wall elements according to the invention
• 8 is a partial perspective view of an interior of a building using wall elements according to the invention
• FIG. 9 shows a schematic partial sectional view of an outer wall of a building using wall elements according to the invention.
• FIG. 10 shows a further schematic partial representation of a corner area of two wall elements according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 to 3 each show a perspective partial view of wall elements 1 which are constructed from horizontally lying boards which are glued together.
• the boards are not connected to additional connecting elements, in particular not nailed.
• the illustration shows that the existing glue joints are arranged horizontally, so that diffusion processes and the like can take place unhindered through the entire cross section of the wall element. This results in the above-mentioned advantages of the homogeneous wall.
• the dimensioning of the wall element 1 can be chosen as desired, it goes without saying that, in the case of wall elements which are longer than the boards available, the boards, as is known in the case of glulam, can be joined to one another on the end face.
• the thickness and height of the wall elements is only limited by the processing machines available.
• the cladding 10 can be designed in the form of tongue and groove boards which are fastened by means of battens 11.
• the wall elements can be designed not only in the form of entire, continuous plates, but also that Door cutouts 6 and window cutouts 7 can already be provided.
• the wall elements 1 are composed of segments which are prefabricated, in order then to be assembled industrially by gluing to the respective wall element. These segments include, for example, a threshold 3, wall parts 4 and a lintel element 5.
• FIG. 4 shows that the most varied variations are possible in order to adapt the wall elements to the shape of the building.
• the building can be provided with a conventional roof truss, balconies can be provided, and the ceiling constructions can be carried out in a conventional manner using beams.
• the wall elements according to the invention can also be designed in the form of gable elements.
• FIG. 10 shows an enlarged representation of the corner connection area shown in FIG. 4. It can be seen that the wall elements are folded in order to produce a dense joining area, furthermore the sleepers are notched or overlap so that connecting elements 8, for example wooden dowels or screws or other metallic elements, can be used. This allows a modular construction.
• FIG 4a shows a schematic representation of the connection area between a wall element 1 and an inner wall element 12.
• the wall element 1 has a groove into which the inner wall element 12 can be inserted.
• FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a building in which the wall elements 1 have already been joined together.
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic, enlarged partial representation of the corner area. It can be seen that the adjacent wall elements 1 are connected by means of screws 8. A facing 13 is applied to the outside.
• FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a building in which the roof structure is built in a plate construction. 8 shows the perspective area of the transition area between individual elements using the modules according to the invention.
• FIG. 9 shows a vertical section through an outer wall of a building constructed according to the invention. It can be seen that the wall element 1 comprises the threshold 3, a wall part 4 and a lintel element 5. A window is conventionally inserted into the window section 7. Furthermore, the connection of a ceiling element 14 is shown schematically.
• the invention thus makes it possible to produce wall elements in industrial or manual pre-production which meet the highest physical and structural requirements and offer a multitude of advantages.
• the wall elements represent modules which can be easily assembled on site to form a finished building.
• the result is a modular construction of the building.
• the invention relates to a prefabricated wall element 1 for a building, consisting of a plurality of horizontally lying boards 2 which are connected to one another only by gluing.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
• Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7786260

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (7)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 1996
  • 1996-02-23 DE DE19606857A patent/DE19606857C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1997
  • 1997-02-21 AT AT97905073T patent/ATE209279T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-02-21 CZ CZ19973205A patent/CZ292629B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-02-21 EP EP97905073A patent/EP0823010B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-02-21 WO PCT/EP1997/000847 patent/WO1997031163A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-02-21 DE DE59705453T patent/DE59705453D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-10-22 NO NO974875A patent/NO974875D0/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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