EP0815902A2 - Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung und Vorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung und Vorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0815902A2 EP0815902A2 EP97102737A EP97102737A EP0815902A2 EP 0815902 A2 EP0815902 A2 EP 0815902A2 EP 97102737 A EP97102737 A EP 97102737A EP 97102737 A EP97102737 A EP 97102737A EP 0815902 A2 EP0815902 A2 EP 0815902A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fire
- ammonia
- water
- turbine
- combustion chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/50—Application for auxiliary power units (APU's)
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for fighting fires in closed rooms and buildings where by introducing at least one inert gas, the oxygen content the atmosphere in the area of the fire under one necessary to maintain the fire Value is lowered. It also affects one Device for performing such a method.
- halons were the preferred extinguishing agent for fighting fires in closed rooms where water jets, foam or powder cannot or must not be used.
- a method of the type mentioned at the outset was proposed as an alternative, in which an inert gas is blown into the room affected by a fire, in order in this way to reduce the oxygen content of the atmosphere therein to that required for the fire to continue Press value of about 12 to 15 percent.
- Propellants that develop high nitrogen-containing exhaust gases during their reaction have already been considered as possible inert gas generators. However, in addition to nitrogen (N 2 ), these exhaust gases usually also contain carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in a proportion of up to 20%.
- solid propellants based on sodium azide have been proposed, such as those used in miniaturized form in vehicle airbags. Although these have the advantage that they provide almost pure nitrogen as the reaction product, their use on a larger scale is contrary to the toxicity of the starting products. In addition, when they burn, there are corrosive and health-damaging dusts that have to be intercepted or neutralized by special measures.
- Another object of the invention is a device to provide the simplest possible and effective way of performing the invention Procedure allows.
- the invention achieves the first object by a method in which a reaction of ammonia (NH 3 ) with ambient air generates nitrogen (N 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O) and is supplied to the source of the fire as a quenching gas mixture.
- NH 3 ammonia
- APU auxiliary power unit
- Similar small gas turbine plants are also used in stationary operation as small power plants, but where they are also operated with hydrocarbons as fuels.
- the invention therefore has the advantage that it is based on the use of such a system, which largely corresponds to the state of the art, on the one hand on tried and tested and reliable and also immediately available components, and on the other hand, through the use of ammonia as the fuel provided for this system delivers absolutely CO 2 -free exhaust gas, which is also free of dust particles. It can be operated for long periods of time by adding ammonia that can be stored easily and in large quantities, and can be switched off and started again as often as required. In addition, their operation can be maintained by simply refilling ammonia or their operational waiting state can be guaranteed.
- the device according to the invention can be both stationary operated and connected to a fire extinguishing pipe network as well as in the form of a mobile unit for one autonomous operation can be provided. Your start can just as with kerosene-operated systems, electro thermally or via a pilot flame. Finally has the device according to the invention in its preferred embodiment via a sensor-controlled Temperature control of both the working gas before entry into the turbine as well as the inert gas before Feed into the fire extinguishing pipe network. This is about realized a water injection.
- the figure shows a schematic representation of the Construction of a device for producing carbon dioxide-free Inert gas for fire fighting purposes. Of the The structure of this device corresponds essentially that of a small gas turbine plant, such as Auxiliary power generation system or APU in aircraft is used.
- ambient air is drawn in by a compressor (1) and, in a compressed state, is pressed into a combustion chamber (2).
- ammonia (NH 3 ) is supplied via an injection valve (3), which is conveyed from a storage container (5) by means of a pump (4) and brought to the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber (2).
- This water is over a second pump (6) from a second reservoir (7) promoted and dosed.
- the two pumps (4) and (6) are driven by a gear (8) on a common shaft (9) with the compressor (1) and is arranged with a turbine (10).
- Latter is caused by the exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber (2) driven and feeds this into a mixing chamber (11) where it is made by a valve (12) Water injection on fire fighting appropriate temperature cooled and in a Fire extinguishing pipe network (13) is fed.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung in geschlossenen Räumen und Gebäuden, bei dem durch Einleitung wenigstens eines Inertgases der Sauerstoffgehalt der Atmosphäre im Bereich des Brandherdes unter einen zur Aufrechterhaltung des Brandes erforderlichen Wert abgesenkt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch eine Reaktion von Ammoniak (NH3) mit Umgebungsluft Stickstoff (N2) und Wasserdampf (H2O) erzeugt und als Löschgasgemisch dem Brandherd zugeführt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umgebungsluft aus dem den Brandherd enthaltenden Raum entnommen und die Ammoniakzufuhr zur Reaktion dem Sauerstoffgehalt dieser Luft angepaßt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Löschgas durch Wassereinspritzung abgekühlt wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 in Form einer Kleingasturbine, gekennzeichnet durch einen Verdichter (1), eine diesem nachgeschalteten und mit einer Einspritzvorrichtung (3,4) für flüssiges Ammoniak (NH3) versehene Brennkammer (2), eine auf einer gemeinsamen Welle (9) mit dem Verdichter (1) angeordnete, der Brennkammer (2) nachgeschaltete und durch die in der Brennkammer (2) gebildeten Reaktionsgase beaufschlagbare Turbine (10) sowie einen Vorratsbehälter (5) für flüssiges Ammoniak (NH3).
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zur Einspritzvorrichtung für das Ammoniak gehörige Pumpe (4) über ein von der Turbine (10) beaufschlagbares Getriebe (8) antreibbar ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auslaßöffnung der Turbine (10) eine Mischkammer (11) nachgeschaltet ist, die mit einer Einspritzvorrichtung (6,12) für Wasser versehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennkammer (2) mit einer Einspritzvorrichtung (6,14) für Wasser versehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einspritzvorrichtung (6,12,14) für das Wasser über Temperatursensoren ansteuerbar ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19625559 | 1996-06-26 | ||
| DE19625559A DE19625559C1 (de) | 1996-06-26 | 1996-06-26 | Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung und Vorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0815902A2 true EP0815902A2 (de) | 1998-01-07 |
| EP0815902A3 EP0815902A3 (de) | 1999-05-19 |
| EP0815902B1 EP0815902B1 (de) | 2001-08-29 |
Family
ID=7798068
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97102737A Expired - Lifetime EP0815902B1 (de) | 1996-06-26 | 1997-02-20 | Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung und Vorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5957210A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0815902B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19625559C1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (34)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6257341B1 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2001-07-10 | Joseph Michael Bennett | Compact affordable inert gas fire extinguishing system |
| US6390203B1 (en) | 1999-01-11 | 2002-05-21 | Yulian Y. Borisov | Fire suppression apparatus and method |
| US6672397B2 (en) | 2000-04-21 | 2004-01-06 | Timothy Nathaniel Taylor | Breathable fire control system |
| DE10033395B4 (de) * | 2000-07-08 | 2006-04-13 | Kidde-Deugra Brandschutzsysteme Gmbh | Verfahren zum Bekämpfen eines Brandes und Brandbekämpfungseinrichtung |
| DE10051662B4 (de) | 2000-10-18 | 2004-04-01 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Löschung eines innerhalb eines geschlossenen Raumes ausgebrochenen Feuers |
| WO2002043811A1 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-06 | Korea Institute Of Machinery And Materials | Inert gas generator for fire suppressing |
| FR2822713B1 (fr) * | 2001-04-02 | 2003-05-16 | Air Liquide | Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un feu dans un compartiment d'avion |
| DE10152964C1 (de) | 2001-10-26 | 2003-08-21 | Airbus Gmbh | Löschsystem zur Löschung eines innerhalb der Kabine oder eines Frachtraumes eines Passagierflugzeuges ausgebrochenen Feuers |
| DE10205373B4 (de) * | 2002-02-09 | 2007-07-19 | Aloys Wobben | Brandschutz |
| CA2499963C (en) | 2002-09-28 | 2011-02-15 | N2 Towers Inc. | System and method for suppressing fires |
| US7028782B2 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2006-04-18 | Nz Towers Inc. | System and method for suppressing fires |
| DE10310439B3 (de) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-12-09 | Basf Coatings Ag | Verfahren zum Brand- und Explosionsschutz in einem Hochregallager für chemische Gefahrstoffe und brand- und explosionsgeschütztes Hochregallager |
| DE10311558B3 (de) * | 2003-03-17 | 2004-10-21 | Fritz Curtius | Löschverfahren für Brandstellen |
| US20050115721A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Blau Reed J. | Man-rated fire suppression system |
| US7337856B2 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2008-03-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Method and apparatus for suppression of fires |
| ES2265260B1 (es) * | 2005-01-26 | 2008-01-01 | Luis Maria Bordallo Alvarez | Procedimiento para la extincion de incendios forestales desde el aire. |
| US7269952B2 (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2007-09-18 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for gas turbine dry low NOx combustor corrected parameter control |
| RU2292959C1 (ru) * | 2005-06-08 | 2007-02-10 | Игорь Александрович Лепешинский | Способ создания газокапельной струи и устройство для его осуществления |
| CA2625200C (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2015-05-26 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Fuel cell system for extinguishing fires |
| DE102005053692B3 (de) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-01-11 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Brandschutz mit Brennstoffzellenabluft |
| US20080135266A1 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-12 | Richardson Adam T | Sodium azide based suppression of fires |
| RU2375091C1 (ru) * | 2008-07-16 | 2009-12-10 | Черников Арнольд Александрович | Способ тушения очаговых пожаров |
| US8672348B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2014-03-18 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Gas-generating devices with grain-retention structures and related methods and systems |
| US8939225B2 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2015-01-27 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Inflator-based fire suppression |
| WO2012091711A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-05 | Utc Fire & Security Corporation | Fire suppression system with dual use of gas source |
| WO2012091710A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-05 | Utc Fire & Security Corporation | Fire suppression system with variable dual use of gas source |
| US8616128B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2013-12-31 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Gas generator |
| US8967284B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2015-03-03 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Liquid-augmented, generated-gas fire suppression systems and related methods |
| EP2594319B1 (de) * | 2011-11-18 | 2018-05-30 | Minimax GmbH & Co KG | Anlage zum Löschen oder Inertisieren mit einem synthetischen flüssigen Löschmittel |
| US9072921B2 (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2015-07-07 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Thermodynamically-optimized advanced fire suppression system |
| EP2964342B1 (de) | 2013-03-06 | 2021-05-19 | Airbus Canada Limited Partnership | Schnittstelle zwischen feuerunterdrückender leitung und frachtraum eines flugzeugs |
| EP2896432B1 (de) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-05-25 | Minimax GmbH & Co KG | Verfahren und Anlage zum Löschen mit einem flüssigem synthetischem Löschmittel |
| FR3024180B1 (fr) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-07-22 | Turbomeca | Dispositif pneumatique de reactivation rapide d'un turbomoteur, architecture d'un systeme propulsif d'un helicoptere multi-moteur equipe d'un tel dispositif et helicoptere correspondant |
| CN105833450A (zh) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-10 | 商河县公安消防大队 | 干粉灭火系统 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3438445A (en) * | 1967-07-25 | 1969-04-15 | Calmac Mfg Corp | Life-supporting and property protecting firefighting process and apparatus |
| DE1759749A1 (de) * | 1968-06-04 | 1971-07-01 | Reuter Werner | Feuerloesch-Schnellverfahren mittels Schnelldampferzeugern |
| US3893514A (en) * | 1973-11-23 | 1975-07-08 | Us Navy | Suppression of fires in confined spaces by pressurization |
| SU571615A2 (ru) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-09-05 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт горноспасательного дела | Генератор инертного газа |
| US4067392A (en) * | 1976-05-24 | 1978-01-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Toxic gas control for RF absorber fires |
| JPS55163057A (en) * | 1979-05-15 | 1980-12-18 | Dainippon Ink & Chemicals | Powdered fireeextinguishing substance and its preparation |
-
1996
- 1996-06-26 DE DE19625559A patent/DE19625559C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-20 EP EP97102737A patent/EP0815902B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-20 DE DE59704419T patent/DE59704419D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-06-04 US US08/868,640 patent/US5957210A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59704419D1 (de) | 2001-10-04 |
| EP0815902A3 (de) | 1999-05-19 |
| EP0815902B1 (de) | 2001-08-29 |
| DE19625559C1 (de) | 1997-10-09 |
| US5957210A (en) | 1999-09-28 |
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