EP0815902A2 - Method for lighting fire and apparatus for carrying out said process - Google Patents

Method for lighting fire and apparatus for carrying out said process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0815902A2
EP0815902A2 EP97102737A EP97102737A EP0815902A2 EP 0815902 A2 EP0815902 A2 EP 0815902A2 EP 97102737 A EP97102737 A EP 97102737A EP 97102737 A EP97102737 A EP 97102737A EP 0815902 A2 EP0815902 A2 EP 0815902A2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
fire
ammonia
water
turbine
combustion chamber
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EP97102737A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0815902B1 (en
EP0815902A3 (en
Inventor
Claus Dipl.-Ing. Cohrt
Jürgen Dr.-Ing. Schaper
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Airbus DS GmbH
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Daimler Benz Aerospace AG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/50—Application for auxiliary power units (APU's)

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for fighting fires in closed rooms and buildings where by introducing at least one inert gas, the oxygen content the atmosphere in the area of the fire under one necessary to maintain the fire Value is lowered. It also affects one Device for performing such a method.
  • halons were the preferred extinguishing agent for fighting fires in closed rooms where water jets, foam or powder cannot or must not be used.
  • a method of the type mentioned at the outset was proposed as an alternative, in which an inert gas is blown into the room affected by a fire, in order in this way to reduce the oxygen content of the atmosphere therein to that required for the fire to continue Press value of about 12 to 15 percent.
  • Propellants that develop high nitrogen-containing exhaust gases during their reaction have already been considered as possible inert gas generators. However, in addition to nitrogen (N 2 ), these exhaust gases usually also contain carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in a proportion of up to 20%.
  • solid propellants based on sodium azide have been proposed, such as those used in miniaturized form in vehicle airbags. Although these have the advantage that they provide almost pure nitrogen as the reaction product, their use on a larger scale is contrary to the toxicity of the starting products. In addition, when they burn, there are corrosive and health-damaging dusts that have to be intercepted or neutralized by special measures.
  • Another object of the invention is a device to provide the simplest possible and effective way of performing the invention Procedure allows.
  • the invention achieves the first object by a method in which a reaction of ammonia (NH 3 ) with ambient air generates nitrogen (N 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O) and is supplied to the source of the fire as a quenching gas mixture.
  • NH 3 ammonia
  • APU auxiliary power unit
  • Similar small gas turbine plants are also used in stationary operation as small power plants, but where they are also operated with hydrocarbons as fuels.
  • the invention therefore has the advantage that it is based on the use of such a system, which largely corresponds to the state of the art, on the one hand on tried and tested and reliable and also immediately available components, and on the other hand, through the use of ammonia as the fuel provided for this system delivers absolutely CO 2 -free exhaust gas, which is also free of dust particles. It can be operated for long periods of time by adding ammonia that can be stored easily and in large quantities, and can be switched off and started again as often as required. In addition, their operation can be maintained by simply refilling ammonia or their operational waiting state can be guaranteed.
  • the device according to the invention can be both stationary operated and connected to a fire extinguishing pipe network as well as in the form of a mobile unit for one autonomous operation can be provided. Your start can just as with kerosene-operated systems, electro thermally or via a pilot flame. Finally has the device according to the invention in its preferred embodiment via a sensor-controlled Temperature control of both the working gas before entry into the turbine as well as the inert gas before Feed into the fire extinguishing pipe network. This is about realized a water injection.
  • the figure shows a schematic representation of the Construction of a device for producing carbon dioxide-free Inert gas for fire fighting purposes. Of the The structure of this device corresponds essentially that of a small gas turbine plant, such as Auxiliary power generation system or APU in aircraft is used.
  • ambient air is drawn in by a compressor (1) and, in a compressed state, is pressed into a combustion chamber (2).
  • ammonia (NH 3 ) is supplied via an injection valve (3), which is conveyed from a storage container (5) by means of a pump (4) and brought to the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber (2).
  • This water is over a second pump (6) from a second reservoir (7) promoted and dosed.
  • the two pumps (4) and (6) are driven by a gear (8) on a common shaft (9) with the compressor (1) and is arranged with a turbine (10).
  • Latter is caused by the exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber (2) driven and feeds this into a mixing chamber (11) where it is made by a valve (12) Water injection on fire fighting appropriate temperature cooled and in a Fire extinguishing pipe network (13) is fed.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Bei einem Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung in geschlossenen Räumen wird durch die Reaktion von Ammoniak mit Umgebungsluft ein aus Stickstoff und Wasserdampf bestehendes Löschgasgemisch erzeugt, das dem Brandherd zugeführt wird. Die Löschgaserzeugung erfolgt in einer Vorrichtung, deren Aufbau im wesentlichen demjenigen einer Kleingasturbine entspricht und bei der als Brennstoff Ammoniak eingesetzt wird. Durch die zusätzliche Einspritzung von Wasser in die Brennkammer dieser Vorrichtung sowie in eine der Turbine nachgeschalteten Mischkammer wird die Temperatur des so erzeugten Löschgases kontrolliert. <IMAGE>In a method for fighting fires in closed rooms, the reaction of ammonia with ambient air produces an extinguishing gas mixture consisting of nitrogen and water vapor which is fed to the source of the fire. The extinguishing gas is generated in a device, the structure of which essentially corresponds to that of a small gas turbine and in which ammonia is used as fuel. The temperature of the extinguishing gas generated in this way is controlled by the additional injection of water into the combustion chamber of this device and into a mixing chamber downstream of the turbine. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung in geschlossenen Räumen und Gebäuden, bei dem durch Einleitung wenigstens eines Inertgases der Sauerstoffgehalt der Atmosphäre im Bereich des Brandherdes unter einen zur Aufrechterhaltung des Brandes erforderlichen Wert abgesenkt wird. Ferner betrifft sie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines derartigen Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for fighting fires in closed rooms and buildings where by introducing at least one inert gas, the oxygen content the atmosphere in the area of the fire under one necessary to maintain the fire Value is lowered. It also affects one Device for performing such a method.

Zur Brandbekämpfung in geschlossenen Räumen, in denen nicht mittels Wasserstrahl, Schaum oder Pulver gelöscht werden kann oder darf, fand in der Vergangenheit vorzugsweise Halon als Löschmittel Einsatz. Nach dessen Verbot wurde als Alternative unter anderem bereits ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art vorgeschlagen, bei dem ein Inertgas in den von einem Brand betroffenen Raum eingeblasen wird, um auf diese Weise den Sauerstoffgehalt der darin befindlichen Atmosphäre unter den für die weitere Aufrechterhaltung des Brandes erforderlichen Wert von etwa 12 bis 15 Prozent zu drücken. Als mögliche Inertgasgeneratoren wurden dabei bereits Treibsätze erwogen, die bei ihrer Reaktion hochstickstoffhaltige Abgase entwickeln. Allerdings enthalten diese Abgase in der Regel neben Stickstoff (N2) häufig auch noch Kohlendioxyd (CO2) in einem Anteil von bis zu 20 %. Dies ist immer dann problematisch, wenn sich in dem Raum, in dem der Brand ausgebrochen ist, noch Personen aufhalten, die den Raum nach Möglichkeit nicht verlassen sollen oder die dies nicht können. Wegen der schädigenden Wirkung erhöhter CO2-Konzentrationen in der Atemluft sollte deshalb nach Möglichkeit die wegen des Brandes ohnehin schon mit Kohlendioxyd angereicherte Atmosphäre nicht noch mit zusätzlichem CO2 aus dem Löschgas belastet werden. Hinzu kommt, daß die Reaktionsgase Solcher Treibsätze häufig noch mit Kohlenmonoxid (CO), Wasserstoff (H2) und Methan (CH4) brennbare Anteile enthalten. Schließlich können diese Treibsätze bei ihrem Abbrand noch staubförmige Schlacken auswerfen, deren Anteil bis zu 40 Gewichtsprozent der Treibstoffmasse betragen kann.In the past, halons were the preferred extinguishing agent for fighting fires in closed rooms where water jets, foam or powder cannot or must not be used. According to its ban, a method of the type mentioned at the outset was proposed as an alternative, in which an inert gas is blown into the room affected by a fire, in order in this way to reduce the oxygen content of the atmosphere therein to that required for the fire to continue Press value of about 12 to 15 percent. Propellants that develop high nitrogen-containing exhaust gases during their reaction have already been considered as possible inert gas generators. However, in addition to nitrogen (N 2 ), these exhaust gases usually also contain carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in a proportion of up to 20%. This is always problematic if there are still people in the room in which the fire broke out, who should not leave the room if possible or who cannot. Because of the damaging effect of increased CO 2 concentrations in the air we breathe, the atmosphere, which has already been enriched with carbon dioxide due to the fire, should not be contaminated with additional CO 2 from the extinguishing gas. In addition, the reaction gases of such propellants often still contain parts combustible with carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ). Finally, when they burn up, these propellants can still throw out dust-like slags, the proportion of which can amount to up to 40 percent by weight of the fuel mass.

Daneben wurden bereits Feststofftreibsätze auf der Basis Natriumazid (NaN3) vorgeschlagen, wie sie in miniaturisierter Form Verwendung in Fahrzeug-Airbags finden. Diese haben zwar den Vorteil, daß sie als Reaktionsprodukt nahezu reinen Stickstoff liefern, jedoch steht ihrer Verwendung in größerem Maßstab die Giftigkeit der Ausgangsprodukte entgegen. Hinzu kommen bei ihrem Abbrand korrosiv wirkende und gesundheitsgefährdende Stäube, die durch besondere Maßnahmen abgefangen bzw. neutralisiert werden müssen.In addition, solid propellants based on sodium azide (NaN 3 ) have been proposed, such as those used in miniaturized form in vehicle airbags. Although these have the advantage that they provide almost pure nitrogen as the reaction product, their use on a larger scale is contrary to the toxicity of the starting products. In addition, when they burn, there are corrosive and health-damaging dusts that have to be intercepted or neutralized by special measures.

Eine Verwendung von Feststofftreibsätzen hat außerdem den Nachteil, daß diese nach einmal erfolgter Zündung in der Regel komplett abbrennen und daß eine erneute Zündung, beispielsweise bei einem Wiederaufflackern eines vermeintlich bereits gelöschten Brandes, nicht möglich ist. Schließlich würde die Verwendung von Gaserzeugungssystemen mit Feststoffgeneratoren bei einem Einsatz in größeren Räumen bzw. in einem Brandlöschrohrnetz für größere Gebäudetrakte eine Modularisierung mit vielen Einzelgeneratoren und entsprechenden Anschlüssen erforderlich machen. The use of solid propellants also has the disadvantage that this once ignition usually burn completely and that a new one Ignition, for example when there is a flare a supposedly already extinguished fire, not is possible. Finally, the use of gas generation systems with solid generators at one Use in larger rooms or in a fire extinguishing pipe network Modularization for larger building wings with many individual generators and corresponding connections make necessary.

Daher ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß es ein Löschgas liefert, das frei ist von Kohlendioxyd oder anderen schädlichen bzw. brandfördernden Anteilen sowie von Staubpartikeln, das beliebig oft abgeschaltet und wieder in Gang gesetzt werden kann und das sich sowohl für ortsfest installierte Brandbekämpfungsanlagen als auch für mobile, autonom arbeitende Einrichtungen eignet. Weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, die auf möglichst einfache und effektive Weise die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method of type mentioned so that it is a Extinguishing gas provides that is free of carbon dioxide or other harmful or fire-promoting parts as well of dust particles, which can be switched off as often as required can be started again and that both for fixed fire fighting systems as also for mobile, autonomously working facilities is suitable. Another object of the invention is a device to provide the simplest possible and effective way of performing the invention Procedure allows.

Die Erfindung löst die erste Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren, bei dem eine Reaktion von Ammoniak (NH3) mit Umgebungsluft Stickstoff (N2) und Wasserdampf (H2O) erzeugt und als Löschgasgemisch dem Brandherd zugeführt werden. Die Lösung der weiteren Aufgabe erfolgt mittels eines sogenannten Kleingasturbinenanlage, wie sie im Prinzip in ähnlicher Form als Triebwerk oder Hilfsenergieerzeugungsanlage (APU = "auxiliary power unit") in Flugzeugen eingesetzt wird, wobei bei dieser Anlage jedoch zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens Ammoniak (NH3) anstelle des sonst üblichen Kerosins als Treibstoff dient. Ähnliche Kleingasturbinenanlagen finden daneben auch im stationären Betrieb als Kleinkraftwerke Verwendung, wo sie allerdings ebenfalls mit Kohlenwasserstoffen als Treibstoffen betrieben werden.The invention achieves the first object by a method in which a reaction of ammonia (NH 3 ) with ambient air generates nitrogen (N 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O) and is supplied to the source of the fire as a quenching gas mixture. The further task is solved by means of a so-called small gas turbine plant, as it is used in principle in a similar form as an engine or auxiliary power unit (APU = "auxiliary power unit") in aircraft, but in this plant ammonia (NH 3 ) serves as fuel instead of the usual kerosene. Similar small gas turbine plants are also used in stationary operation as small power plants, but where they are also operated with hydrocarbons as fuels.

Die Erfindung weist damit den Vorteil auf, daß sie durch die Verwendung einer solchen, dem Stand der Technik weitgehend entsprechenden Anlage einerseits auf bereits erprobten und zuverlässigen und zudem sofort verfügbaren Komponenten basiert, andererseits durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Verwendung von Ammoniak als Treibstoff für diese Anlage ein absolut CO2-freies Abgas liefert, das zudem frei von Staubpartikeln ist. Sie kann durch die Zuführung von einfach und in großen Mengen flüssig speicherbarem Ammoniak über beliebig lange Zeiträume betrieben werden, wobei sie beliebig oft abschaltbar und wieder startfähig ist. Zudem kann ihr Betrieb durch einfaches Nachtanken von Ammoniak aufrechterhalten bzw. ihr betriebsbereiter Wartezustand gewährleistet werden.The invention therefore has the advantage that it is based on the use of such a system, which largely corresponds to the state of the art, on the one hand on tried and tested and reliable and also immediately available components, and on the other hand, through the use of ammonia as the fuel provided for this system delivers absolutely CO 2 -free exhaust gas, which is also free of dust particles. It can be operated for long periods of time by adding ammonia that can be stored easily and in large quantities, and can be switched off and started again as often as required. In addition, their operation can be maintained by simply refilling ammonia or their operational waiting state can be guaranteed.

Die Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung kann sowohl ortsfest betrieben und an ein Brandlöschrohrnetz angeschlossen als auch in Form eines Mobilaggregats für einen autonomen Betrieb vorgesehen werden. Ihr Start kann, ebenso wie bei kerosinbetriebenen Anlagen, elektro - thermisch oder über eine Pilotflamme erfolgen. Schließlich verfügt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in ihrer bevorzugten Ausführungsform über eine sensorgesteuerte Temperaturregelung sowohl des Arbeitsgases vor dem Eintritt in die Turbine als auch des Inertgases vor der Einspeisung in das Brandlöschrohrnetz. Diese wird über eine Wassereinspritzung realisiert. Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert werden. Die Figur zeigt dabei in schematischer Darstellung den Aufbau einer Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von kohlendioxidfreiem Inertgas für Brandbekämpfungszwecke. Der Aufbau dieser Vorrichtung entspricht im wesentlichen demjenigen einer Kleingasturbinenanlage, wie sie als Hilfsenergieerzeugungsanlage oder APU in Flugzeugen eingesetzt wird.The device according to the invention can be both stationary operated and connected to a fire extinguishing pipe network as well as in the form of a mobile unit for one autonomous operation can be provided. Your start can just as with kerosene-operated systems, electro thermally or via a pilot flame. Finally has the device according to the invention in its preferred embodiment via a sensor-controlled Temperature control of both the working gas before entry into the turbine as well as the inert gas before Feed into the fire extinguishing pipe network. This is about realized a water injection. Below is supposed to the invention with reference to one shown in the drawing Embodiment are explained in more detail. The figure shows a schematic representation of the Construction of a device for producing carbon dioxide-free Inert gas for fire fighting purposes. Of the The structure of this device corresponds essentially that of a small gas turbine plant, such as Auxiliary power generation system or APU in aircraft is used.

Bei dieser Anlage wird, wie mittels Pfeil angedeutet, Umgebungsluft von einem Verdichter (1) angesaugt und in komprimiertem Zustand in eine Brennkammer (2) gepreßt. Hier wird über ein Einspritzventil (3) Ammoniak (NH3) zugeführt, das mittels einer Pumpe (4) aus einem Vorratsbehälter (5) gefördert und auf den in der Brennkammer (2) herrschenden Druck gebracht wird.In this system, as indicated by the arrow, ambient air is drawn in by a compressor (1) and, in a compressed state, is pressed into a combustion chamber (2). Here, ammonia (NH 3 ) is supplied via an injection valve (3), which is conveyed from a storage container (5) by means of a pump (4) and brought to the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber (2).

In der Brennkammer (2) wird gemäß der Reaktionsgleichung 4 NH3 + 3O2 + 3 X N2 (3 X +2) N2 + 6H2O wobei X den Stickstoffanteil der Luft, bezogen auf den Sauerstoffanteil, bedeutet, Stickstoff und Wasserdampf als Komponenten eines für die Brandbekämpfung geeigneten Inertgasgemisches erzeugt.In the combustion chamber (2) according to the reaction equation 4 NH 3 + 3O 2 + 3 XN 2 (3 X +2) N 2 + 6H 2 O where X is the nitrogen content of the air, based on the oxygen content, generates nitrogen and water vapor as components of an inert gas mixture suitable for fire fighting.

Um ein möglichst sauerstofffreies Verbrennungsabgas zu erzeugen, sollte das Verhältnis von Brennstoff zu Luft dem stöchiometrischen Verhältnis entsprechen. Da dies andererseits aber zu erhöhten Verbrennungsendtemperaturen führen würde, wird bei dem hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel die Temperatur desTo ensure that the combustion exhaust gas is as oxygen-free as possible should generate the fuel to air ratio correspond to the stoichiometric ratio. As this on the other hand, however, to increased final combustion temperatures would lead to that described here Embodiment the temperature of the

Verbrennungsgases durch eingespritztes Wasser auf einen niedrigeren Wert gebracht. Dieses Wasser wird über eine zweite Pumpe (6) aus einem zweiten Vorratsbehälter (7) gefördert und dosiert. Die beiden Pumpen (4) und (6) werden von einem Getriebe (8) angetrieben, das auf einer gemeinsamen Welle (9) mit dem Verdichter (1) sowie mit einer Turbine (10) angeordnet ist. Letztere wird durch das in der Brennkammer (2) entstehende Abgas angetrieben und fördert dieses in eine Mischkammer (11), wo es durch eine über ein Ventil (12) vorgenommene Wassereinspritzung auf die für die Brandbekämpfung geeignete Temperatur abgekühlt und in ein Brandlöschrohrnetz (13) eingespeist wird. Combustion gas through injected water onto one brought lower value. This water is over a second pump (6) from a second reservoir (7) promoted and dosed. The two pumps (4) and (6) are driven by a gear (8) on a common shaft (9) with the compressor (1) and is arranged with a turbine (10). Latter is caused by the exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber (2) driven and feeds this into a mixing chamber (11) where it is made by a valve (12) Water injection on fire fighting appropriate temperature cooled and in a Fire extinguishing pipe network (13) is fed.

Anstelle des Vorratsbehälters (7) ist es selbstverständlich im Rahmen der Erfindung auch möglich, das Wasser aus einem vorhandenen Leitungsnetz zu entnehmen. Die Einspritzung des Wassers sowohl in die Brennkammer (2) als auch in die Mischkammer (11) wird Jeweils über eine Sensorsteuerung kontrolliert, die auf die beiden Einspritzventile (12) bzw. (14) wirkt. Die für den Betrieb der Anlage benötigte Ansaugluft kann entweder unmittelbar aus der Atmosphäre entnommen werden, was vorzugsweise dann der Fall ist, wenn eine ortsfeste Installation mit einem Anschluß an ein Brandlöschrohrnetz vorgesehen ist, oder aber aus dem Raum, in dem der Brand ausgebrochen ist. In diesem letztgenannten Fall ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Treibstoffzufuhr über das Ventil (3) so mittels eines weiteren Sensors gesteuert wird, daß sie dem abnehmenden Sauerstoffgehalt dieser Atmosphäre angepaßt ist.Instead of the storage container (7), it goes without saying also possible within the scope of the invention Take water from an existing pipe network. The injection of water into both the combustion chamber (2) as well as in the mixing chamber (11) a sensor controller controls that on the two Injector (12) or (14) acts. The for the operation the intake air required for the system can either what can be taken directly from the atmosphere is preferably the case when a stationary Installation with a connection to a fire extinguishing pipe network is provided, or from the room in which the Fire broke out. In this latter case it is advantageous if the fuel supply via the Valve (3) controlled by means of another sensor is that the decreasing oxygen content of this Atmosphere is adjusted.

Claims (8)

Verfahren zur Brandbekämpfung in geschlossenen Räumen und Gebäuden, bei dem durch Einleitung wenigstens eines Inertgases der Sauerstoffgehalt der Atmosphäre im Bereich des Brandherdes unter einen zur Aufrechterhaltung des Brandes erforderlichen Wert abgesenkt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch eine Reaktion von Ammoniak (NH3) mit Umgebungsluft Stickstoff (N2) und Wasserdampf (H2O) erzeugt und als Löschgasgemisch dem Brandherd zugeführt werden.A method for fighting fires in closed rooms and buildings, in which the oxygen content of the atmosphere in the area of the fire is reduced below a value required to maintain the fire by introducing at least one inert gas, characterized in that a reaction of ammonia (NH 3 ) with ambient air Nitrogen (N 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O) are generated and fed to the source of the fire as an extinguishing gas mixture. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umgebungsluft aus dem den Brandherd enthaltenden Raum entnommen und die Ammoniakzufuhr zur Reaktion dem Sauerstoffgehalt dieser Luft angepaßt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ambient air from the source of the fire Removed space and the ammonia supply to Response adapted to the oxygen content of this air becomes. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Löschgas durch Wassereinspritzung abgekühlt wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the extinguishing gas by water injection is cooled. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 in Form einer Kleingasturbine, gekennzeichnet durch einen Verdichter (1), eine diesem nachgeschalteten und mit einer Einspritzvorrichtung (3,4) für flüssiges Ammoniak (NH3) versehene Brennkammer (2), eine auf einer gemeinsamen Welle (9) mit dem Verdichter (1) angeordnete, der Brennkammer (2) nachgeschaltete und durch die in der Brennkammer (2) gebildeten Reaktionsgase beaufschlagbare Turbine (10) sowie einen Vorratsbehälter (5) für flüssiges Ammoniak (NH3).Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3 in the form of a small gas turbine, characterized by a compressor (1), a combustion chamber (2) connected downstream thereof and provided with an injection device (3, 4) for liquid ammonia (NH 3 ), a turbine (10) arranged on a common shaft (9) with the compressor (1), connected downstream of the combustion chamber (2) and acted upon by the reaction gases formed in the combustion chamber (2), and a storage container (5) for liquid ammonia (NH 3 ). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zur Einspritzvorrichtung für das Ammoniak gehörige Pumpe (4) über ein von der Turbine (10) beaufschlagbares Getriebe (8) antreibbar ist.Device according to claim 4, characterized in that one to the injector for that Ammonia-related pump (4) via one of the Turbine (10) actable transmission (8) can be driven is. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auslaßöffnung der Turbine (10) eine Mischkammer (11) nachgeschaltet ist, die mit einer Einspritzvorrichtung (6,12) für Wasser versehen ist.Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that that the outlet opening of the turbine (10) a mixing chamber (11) is connected downstream an injection device (6, 12) for water is. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennkammer (2) mit einer Einspritzvorrichtung (6,14) für Wasser versehen ist. Device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized characterized in that the combustion chamber (2) with an injection device (6, 14) for water is. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einspritzvorrichtung (6,12,14) für das Wasser über Temperatursensoren ansteuerbar ist.Device according to claims 6 to 7, characterized in that that the injector (6, 12, 14) controllable for the water via temperature sensors is.
EP97102737A 1996-06-26 1997-02-20 Method for lighting fire and apparatus for carrying out said process Expired - Lifetime EP0815902B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19625559A DE19625559C1 (en) 1996-06-26 1996-06-26 Fighting fires in enclosed spaces and buildings
DE19625559 1996-06-26

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EP0815902A2 true EP0815902A2 (en) 1998-01-07
EP0815902A3 EP0815902A3 (en) 1999-05-19
EP0815902B1 EP0815902B1 (en) 2001-08-29

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EP97102737A Expired - Lifetime EP0815902B1 (en) 1996-06-26 1997-02-20 Method for lighting fire and apparatus for carrying out said process

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EP (1) EP0815902B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19625559C1 (en)

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Also Published As

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EP0815902B1 (en) 2001-08-29
US5957210A (en) 1999-09-28
DE19625559C1 (en) 1997-10-09
DE59704419D1 (en) 2001-10-04
EP0815902A3 (en) 1999-05-19

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