EP0810939B1 - Rail brake element - Google Patents

Rail brake element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0810939B1
EP0810939B1 EP96901770A EP96901770A EP0810939B1 EP 0810939 B1 EP0810939 B1 EP 0810939B1 EP 96901770 A EP96901770 A EP 96901770A EP 96901770 A EP96901770 A EP 96901770A EP 0810939 B1 EP0810939 B1 EP 0810939B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
element according
brake element
brake
clamping
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96901770A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0810939A1 (en
Inventor
Reinhard Roick
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A Rawie GmbH and Co
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A Rawie GmbH and Co
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Publication of EP0810939A1 publication Critical patent/EP0810939A1/en
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Publication of EP0810939B1 publication Critical patent/EP0810939B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61KAUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K7/00Railway stops fixed to permanent way; Track brakes or retarding apparatus fixed to permanent way; Sand tracks or the like
    • B61K7/16Positive railway stops
    • B61K7/18Buffer stops
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61KAUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K7/00Railway stops fixed to permanent way; Track brakes or retarding apparatus fixed to permanent way; Sand tracks or the like
    • B61K7/02Track brakes or retarding apparatus
    • B61K7/04Track brakes or retarding apparatus with clamping action

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a track braking element, in particular in connection with track brake baffle blocks, after the preamble of claim 1.
  • a track brake element of the type mentioned is out DE 24 53 223 become known.
  • the approximately in cross section C-shaped clamps are placed above the rail head pressed together with the help of clamping bolts. in the the lower area have the clamping plates angular Friction elements made of a suitable friction material, for example bronze.
  • the friction elements settle against the underside and the side surfaces of the rail head.
  • a so-called is supported on the rail head Lining piece, which is also made of rubbing material and which has sloping surfaces on its top, with which the upper leg of the clamping plates engages stands. If there is tension in the tensioning screws a compressive and tensile force on the friction elements via wedge effect exercised so that a corresponding frictional force on Rail head is created.
  • the height over which the raised section extends over the actual brake pad layer can be very small be.
  • the compressive strength of the wear material used and the height are to be chosen so that the one to be applied Pressing force a noticeable application of the brake lining layer is avoided on the rail head. This should can only be produced by abrasion of the wear material.
  • the training is particularly advantageous the plug-like wear section with a flange, which cooperates in countersinking the brake bar holes, the side facing the clamping plate is formed. In this way, the wear section through the facing section of the clamping plate in the Bore of the brake bar held.
  • the convex curvature of the Brake bar has the advantage that it with a defined surface lies on the rail head.
  • the tensioning device extends over a block
  • the friction material is supported on the top of the rail head and exerts a tensile force on the clamping plate.
  • the pressing force for the brake lining layer is not applied by wedge action, as with the track brake elements according to the above-mentioned prior art, but exclusively by pulling on the clamping plates.
  • the Traction can be applied using a clamping bolt. It is much more precise to apply the braking force by applying one Set pressure force than by generating a Wedge action as in the prior art.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section of a first rail 10 (left Side) and a second rail 12 (right side) with one Rail head 14 or 16.
  • Rail head 14 or 16 For both rail heads 14, 16 an identical track brake element 18 is provided.
  • In 2 is a third rail 20 with a rail head 22 for which the identical track brake element 18 is applied. It can therefore be used universally. It points to opposite sides of the rail head
  • Clamping plates 24, 26 approximately in cross section Are C-shaped and at the ends by standing inwards Flanges 80, 82 form ends.
  • An upper leg 28 or 30 of the clamping plates 24, 26 overlaps a lining strip 32, which has roof surfaces on the top.
  • the Make the brake lining layer 38, 40 holes in the plug-like wear sections forming a raised section are used.
  • the cross section circular wear sections 44 point to the Clamping plate 24 facing side a flange 46 which in a corresponding recess or counterbore Brake bar sits. This makes the wear sections 44 held securely in the brake bar.
  • Each Brake bar can be spaced a row in the longitudinal direction have such wear sections 44. They exist from a suitable plastic material, for example Polyamide, which has a relatively high compressive strength. They are only slightly above the curved top of the Brake strips above (see Fig. 1 and right side Fig. 2), however form the only contact surface on the underside of the rail head 14, 16 or 22.
  • the extending over the length of the clamping plates 24, 26 Lining strip 32 has three in the bottom Spaced circular recesses 48 in which Fit cylindrical blocks 50. They consist of one suitable friction material, for example bronze.
  • plug-like wear sections 52 made of a suitable pressure-resistant plastic material, For example, polyamide, embedded and through Press fit held in it. Form the protruding flanges as raised sections, the only contact surface of the Blocks 50 on the rail head 14, 16 or 22.
  • a clamping bolt 60 is supported on the thrust washer 58 from whose shaft 62 in a threaded bore of the chuck 32 sits.
  • the clamping bolt exercises over the thrust washer 58 60 exerts pressure on the block 50. Because the lining bar 32 with screws 64 or 66 with the clamping plates 24, 26 is connected, a tensile force is applied to the latter, the against a pressing force of the brake rails the bottom of the rail head 14, 16 and 22 leads.
  • the shafts of the threaded bolts 64, 66 extend through generously dimensioned openings 76 of the clamping plates 24, 26.
  • Chuck 32, clamping bolt 60, thrust washer 58, spring washer package and blocks 50 form a pre-assembled unit, before the track braking element 18 on the rail head 14, 16, 22 is assembled.
  • the unit described is based on the The rail head is attached and the is attached Clamping plates 24, 26 using the screws 64, 66.
  • Tightening the tension bolt 60, as described is a Pressing force applied to the blocks 50 and the brake bars, the distance traveled by the clamping bolt 60 is a measure of this force. This path can now be taken through the Display mandrel, which sits on the block 50, are measured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a rail brake element, in particular for use in rail brake buffer blocks, comprising a pair of clamping plates extending about a rail head from each side and supported against its top surface, which clamping plates are clamped against the rail head by a clamping device including a clamping bolt and a spring assembly, and include at its portion below the rail head a brake lining portion of suitable rigid friction material for engagement with the rail head, wherein the brake lining layer engages the rail head by means of a raised portion of wear material having a static friction coefficient smaller than that of the brake lining layer.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Gleisbremselement, insbesondere in Verbindung mit Gleisbremsprellböcken, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a track braking element, in particular in connection with track brake baffle blocks, after the preamble of claim 1.

Ein Gleisbremselement der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der DE 24 53 223 bekanntgeworden. Die im Querschnitt annähernd C-förmigen Klemmplatten werden oberhalb des Schienenkopfes mit Hilfe von Spannbolzen zusammengepreßt. Im unteren Bereich weisen die Klemmplatten winkelförmige Reibelemente auf, die aus einem geeigneten Reibmaterial, zum Beispiel Bronze, bestehen. Die Reibelemente legen sich gegen die Unterseite und die Seitenflächen des Schienenkopfes. Auf dem Schienenkopf stützt sich ein sogenanntes Futterstück ab, das ebenfalls aus reibendem Material besteht und das an seiner Oberseite Schrägflächen aufweist, mit denen der obere Schenkel der Klemmplatten in Eingriff steht. Bei einer Zugspannung in den Spannschrauben wird über Keilwirkung eine Druck- und Zugkraft auf die Reibelemente ausgeübt, so daß eine entsprechende Reibkraft am Schienenkopf entsteht. A track brake element of the type mentioned is out DE 24 53 223 become known. The approximately in cross section C-shaped clamps are placed above the rail head pressed together with the help of clamping bolts. in the the lower area have the clamping plates angular Friction elements made of a suitable friction material, for example bronze. The friction elements settle against the underside and the side surfaces of the rail head. A so-called is supported on the rail head Lining piece, which is also made of rubbing material and which has sloping surfaces on its top, with which the upper leg of the clamping plates engages stands. If there is tension in the tensioning screws a compressive and tensile force on the friction elements via wedge effect exercised so that a corresponding frictional force on Rail head is created.

Aus der DE 834 572 oder der DE 34 22 230 sind Modifikationen eines derart beschriebenen Bremselements bekanntgeworden.Modifications are from DE 834 572 or DE 34 22 230 of a braking element described in this way.

Von dem Reibungskoeffizienten abgesehen, ist die Bremswirkung eines derartigen Gleisbremselements abhängig von der Kraft, mit der die Reibelemente gegen den Schienenkopf gepreßt werden. Diese Kraft wird über den Spannbolzen eingeleitet, wobei zwischen dem Spannbolzen und einer Klemmplatte ein Doppelfederring angeordnet ist. Die einzige Möglichkeit, die Preßkraft vorzugeben, besteht in der Messung des Drehmoments, mit dem die Spannbolzen festgezogen werden. Zwischen dem gemessenen Drehmoment und der tatsächlich ausgeübten Preßkraft bestehen jedoch nicht definierte Beziehungen, da das gemessene Drehmoment auch von anderen Größen abhängt, wie zum Beispiel der Reibung des Spannbolzengewindes oder der Reibung des Schraubenkopfes an der Feder usw. Kommt es zu einem Verschleiß des Reibelements, wird der verminderte Weg durch die Schraubenfeder ausgeglichen. Hat die Schraubenfeder ein ungünstiges Kraft-Weg-Verhalten, was bei den verwendeten Schraubenfedern normalerweise der Fall ist, führt der Verschleiß zu einer signifikant verringerten Preßkraft.Apart from the coefficient of friction, the braking effect of such a track brake element depending on the Force with which the friction elements are pressed against the rail head will. This force is introduced via the clamping bolt, being between the clamping bolt and a clamping plate a double spring washer is arranged. The only It is possible to specify the pressing force in the measurement the torque with which the clamping bolts are tightened will. Between the measured torque and the actual one However, there is no defined pressure force Relationships because the measured torque also from depends on other sizes, such as the friction of the Clamping bolt thread or the friction of the screw head on the spring, etc. If the friction element wears, becomes the diminished path through the coil spring balanced. The coil spring has an unfavorable Force-displacement behavior, what with the coil springs used usually the case, the wear leads to a significantly reduced pressing force.

Der eigentliche Bremseffekt durch das Gleisbremselement erfolgt durch das Verschieben des Gleisbremselements am Schienenkopf, zum Beispiel durch einen Prellbock, der entweder relativ lose auf den Schienen aufsteht oder in dem Gleisbremselemente integriert sind. Bevor es jedoch dazu kommt, muß die Haftreibung überwunden werden, die theoretisch mindestens doppelt so groß wie die Gleitreibung ist, im praktischen Fall jedoch viel höher sein kann aufgrund der witterungsbedingten Korrosion von Schiene und bremsenden Teilen des Gleisbremselements. Für die erste Aufprallphase wirkt daher das Gleisbremselement wie ein starres Hindernis, das sich erst nach Überwindung der Haftreibung in Bewegung setzt. Dies wirkt sich in einem nicht unerheblichen Stoß auf das auffahrende Fahrzeug aus. Die beschriebene Haftreibung führt zu einem außerordentlich hohen, nicht mehr zulässigen Wert, wenn mehrere Gleisbremselemente Stoß an Stoß hintereinander angeordnet werden. Daher ist es in der Praxis üblich, die Gleisbremselemente in Abständen anzuordnen, damit bei einem Auffahrvorgang die Haftreibung der einzelnen Gleisbremselemente nacheinander überwunden wird.The actual braking effect through the track braking element is done by moving the track brake element on Rail head, for example by a buffer, which either gets up relatively loosely on the rails or in the Track brake elements are integrated. Before doing this, however comes, stiction must be overcome, theoretically at least twice the sliding friction, in practice, however, can be much higher due to the weather-related corrosion of rails and brakes Parts of the track braking element. For the first impact phase the track braking element therefore acts like a rigid one Obstacle that only occurs after overcoming static friction sets in motion. This has a not inconsiderable effect Impact on the ascending vehicle. The one described Static friction leads to an extraordinarily high no longer permissible value if several track braking elements Be arranged one after the other. It is therefore common in practice to use the track brake elements to be arranged at intervals so that when opening the static friction of the individual track brake elements one after the other is overcome.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Gleisbremselement, insbesondere in Verbindung mit Gleisbremsprellböcken, zu schaffen, das die genannten Nachteile vermeidet und eine relativ geringe Haftreibung aufweist, gleichwohl einen hohen Bremseffekt durch Gleitreibung erzielt.The invention has for its object a track braking element, especially in connection with track brake bumpers, to create that avoids the disadvantages mentioned and has relatively little stiction, however achieves a high braking effect through sliding friction.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved through the features of the patent claim 1 solved.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Bremselement liegt die Bremsbelagschicht über mindestens einen erhabenen Abschnitt aus einem verschleißfähigen Material mit gegenüber der Bremsbelagschicht kleinerer Haftreibung am Schienenkopf an. Als Verschleißmaterial kann nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung Kunststoff vorgesehen werden, beispielsweise ein geeignetes Polyamid. Erfindungswesentlich ist, daß der erhabene Abschnitt einen relativ geringen Reibungskoeffizienten hat und insbesondere dem Gleisbremselement eine geringe Haftreibung verleiht. Bei einem Auffahrvorgang ist daher nur eine relativ geringe Stoßkraft erforderlich, um das Gleisbremselement in Bewegung zu setzen. Durch die einsetzende Gleitreibung zwischen erhabenem Abschnitt und Schienenkopf soll das Verschleißmaterial auf relativ kurzer Strecke des Gleisbremselements so weit abgerieben wer-den, daß nunmehr die Bremsbelagschicht mit dem Schienenkopf in Eingriff gelangt, um den gewünschten Bremseffekt herbeizuführen.The brake lining layer lies in the brake element according to the invention over at least one raised section a wearable material with opposite the brake lining layer smaller static friction on the rail head. As Wear material can according to an embodiment of the invention Plastic are provided, for example a suitable polyamide. It is essential to the invention that the sublime Section has a relatively low coefficient of friction has and in particular the track braking element gives low static friction. During an opening process therefore only a relatively low impact force is required to to set the track braking element in motion. Through the onset of sliding friction between raised section and Rail head should wear the material relatively short Section of the track braking element are rubbed off so far, that now the brake lining layer with the rail head engages to achieve the desired braking effect bring about.

Die Höhe, über die sich der erhabene Abschnitt über die eigentliche Bremsbelagschicht erhebt, kann sehr gering sein. Die Druckfestigkeit des verwendeten Verschleißmaterials und die Höhe sind so zu wählen, daß bei der aufzubringenden Preßkraft eine merkliche Anlage der Bremsbelagschicht an dem Schienenkopf vermieden wird. Diese soll erst durch Abrieb des Verschleißmaterials hergestellt werden.The height over which the raised section extends over the actual brake pad layer can be very small be. The compressive strength of the wear material used and the height are to be chosen so that the one to be applied Pressing force a noticeable application of the brake lining layer is avoided on the rail head. This should can only be produced by abrasion of the wear material.

Das Verschleißmaterial kann nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ganzflächig auf die Bremsbelagschicht aufgebracht sein, es kann jedoch nach einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung auch in beabstandeten Abschnitten angeordnet sein. Vorzugsweise werden getrennte Teile, vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff, verwendet, die in geeigneter Weise am Bremsbelag angebracht sind. Die Anbringung bzw. Wiederanbringung bei Verschleiß soll möglichst einfach gestaltet werden und von Instandsetzungspersonal ohne weiteres durchgeführt werden können. Bei einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht die Bremsbelagschicht aus einer nur an der Unterseite des Schienenkopfes angreifenden Bremsleiste, die nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung im Querschnitt gewölbt ist. In die Bremsleiste können nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung stopfenartige Verschleißabschnitte in entsprechenden Ausnehmungen eingelassen sein und dort zum Beispiel im Preßsitz befestigt werden. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Ausbildung des stopfenartigen Verschleißabschnitts mit einem Flansch, der in einer Ansenkung von Bohrungen der Bremsleiste zusammenwirkt, die auf der der Klemmplatte zugekehrten Seite gebildet ist. Auf diese Weise ist der Verschleißabschnitt durch den zugekehrten Abschnitt der Klemmplatte in der Bohrung der Bremsleiste gehalten. Die konvexe Wölbung der Bremsleiste hat im übrigen den Vorteil, daß sie mit einer definierten Fläche am Schienenkopf anliegt.According to an embodiment of the Invention applied to the entire surface of the brake lining layer may be, however, according to another embodiment the invention also arranged in spaced sections be. Preferably separate parts are preferred made of plastic, used in a suitable manner are attached to the brake pad. The attachment or reinstallation designed to be as simple as possible when worn and by maintenance personnel without further ado can be carried out. In one embodiment of the Invention, the brake pad layer consists of only one brake bar attacking the underside of the rail head, according to a further embodiment of the invention is arched in cross section. Can in the brake bar according to a further embodiment of the invention, plug-like Wear sections in corresponding recesses be let in and fastened there, for example in a press fit will. The training is particularly advantageous the plug-like wear section with a flange, which cooperates in countersinking the brake bar holes, the side facing the clamping plate is formed. In this way, the wear section through the facing section of the clamping plate in the Bore of the brake bar held. The convex curvature of the Brake bar has the advantage that it with a defined surface lies on the rail head.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Spannvorrichtung sich über einen Klotz aus Reibmaterial an der Oberseite des Schienenkopfes abstützt und eine Zugkraft auf die Klemmplatte ausübt. Auf diese Weise wird die Preßkraft für die Bremsbelagschicht nicht durch Keilwirkung aufgebracht, wie bei den Gleisbremselementen nach dem oben erwähnten Stand der Technik, sondern ausschließlich durch Zugkraft an den Klemmplatten. Die Zugkraft kann durch einen Spannbolzen aufgebracht werden. Es ist viel präziser, die Bremskraft durch Aufbringen einer Druckkraft einzustellen als durch die Erzeugung einer Keilwirkung wie im Stand der Technik. Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wirkt mit dem Klotz ein spannbolzen zusammen, der in einer Gewindebohrung einer Futterleiste sitzt, die von der Klemmplatte übergriffen wird und mit deren Außenseite die Klemmplatten verbunden sind, wobei der Klotz in einer Ausnehmung der Futterleiste sitzt und zwischen Spannbolzen und Klotz eine Druckfeder angeordnet ist. Die Druckfeder kann nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung von einem Tellerfederpaket gebildet werden, das eine günstige Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie aufweist. Der Klotz, der bremsend wirkt, kann ebenfalls mit einem erhabenen Verschleißabschnitt versehen werden, wie in Verbindung mit dem Bremsbelag beschrieben, um auch an dieser Stelle die Haftreibung zu reduzieren. Vorzugsweise sind bei einem länglichen Gleisbremselement mehrere derartige Klötze im Abstand vorgesehen, jeweils in Verbindung mit einem Spannbolzen und einem Tellerfederpaket. According to a further embodiment of the invention, that the tensioning device extends over a block The friction material is supported on the top of the rail head and exerts a tensile force on the clamping plate. To this The pressing force for the brake lining layer is not applied by wedge action, as with the track brake elements according to the above-mentioned prior art, but exclusively by pulling on the clamping plates. The Traction can be applied using a clamping bolt. It is much more precise to apply the braking force by applying one Set pressure force than by generating a Wedge action as in the prior art. After an arrangement the invention acts with the block a clamping bolt together, in a threaded hole in a chuck sits, which is overlapped by the clamping plate and with the outside of which the clamping plates are connected, wherein the block sits in a recess in the lining strip and a compression spring is arranged between the clamping bolt and the block is. The compression spring can be according to an embodiment of the invention are formed by a plate spring assembly that has a favorable force-displacement characteristic. The log, the braking can also have a raised wear section be provided as in connection with the brake pad described to the at this point Reduce static friction. Preferably one elongated track brake element several such blocks in Distance provided, in each case in connection with a clamping bolt and a disc spring package.

Der Spannbolzen, der eine Druckkraft aufbringt, hat den Vorteil, daß die Druckkraft proportional dem zurückgelegten Weg ist. Dieser Weg läßt sich auf einfache Weise messen. In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung hierzu ist vorgesehen, daß der Spannbolzen hohl ist und sich ein Anzeigedorn durch den Spannbolzen bis zum Klotz erstreckt und zwischen Spannbolzenkopf und dem Anzeigedorn eine Sicherung vorgesehen ist, die verhindert, daß der Anzeigedorn durch den Spannbolzen hindurchfällt. Die Relativlage von Anzeigedorn und Spannbolzen ist ein Maß für den Weg, den der Spannbolzen beim Festziehen zurücklegt. Dadurch wird ein Maß für die Druckkraft erhalten und damit für die Bremskraft, mit der die Bremsbelagschicht mit dem Schienenkopf zusammenwirkt. Die Sicherung verhindert, daß der Anzeigedorn durch den Spannbolzen hindurchfällt, bevor eine endgültige Montage erfolgt. Ein Preßsitz zwischen Anzeigedorn und Klotz ermöglicht das Festhalten des Klotzes am Spannbolzen, bevor die Einheit montiert ist.The clamping bolt that applies a compressive force has that Advantage that the pressure force is proportional to the distance traveled Is away. This path can be measured in a simple way. In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the clamping bolt is hollow and there is an indicator mandrel extends through the clamping bolt to the block and between the bolt head and the indicator mandrel Fuse is provided that prevents the indicator mandrel falls through the clamping bolt. The relative position of indicator mandrel and clamping bolt is a measure of the way which the clamping bolt covers when tightening. Thereby a measure of the pressure force is obtained and thus for the Braking force with which the brake lining layer with the rail head cooperates. The fuse prevents the Indicator mandrel falls through the clamping bolt before a final assembly takes place. A press fit between the mandrel and block allows the block to be held on the clamping bolt before the unit is installed.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.

Fig. 1
zeigt eine Endansicht eines Gleisbremselements nach der Erfindung für zwei unterschiedliche Schienen.
Fig. 2
zeigt das Gleisbremselement nach Fig. 1 teilweise im Schnitt für eine dritte Schienenform.
Fig. 3
zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Gleisbremselements nach Fig. 1 in Richtung Pfeil 3.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.
Fig. 1
shows an end view of a track brake element according to the invention for two different rails.
Fig. 2
shows the track braking element of FIG. 1, partly in section for a third rail shape.
Fig. 3
shows a side view of the track brake element of FIG. 1 in the direction of arrow 3.

Fig. 1 zeigt im Schnitt eine erste Schiene 10 (linke Seite) und eine zweite Schiene 12 (rechte Seite) mit einem Schienenkopf 14 bzw. 16. Für beide Schienenköpfe 14, 16 ist ein identisches Gleisbremselement 18 vorgesehen. In Fig. 2 ist eine dritte Schiene 20 mit einem Schienenkopf 22 gezeigt, für die das identische Gleisbremselement 18 angewendet wird. Es ist daher universal einsetzbar. Es weist auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Schienenkopfes Klemmplatten 24, 26 auf, die im Querschnitt annähernd C-förmig sind und an den Enden durch nach innen stehende Flanschen 80, 82 Abschlüsse bilden. Ein oberer Schenkel 28 bzw. 30 der Klemmplatten 24, 26 übergreift eine Futterleiste 32, die an der Oberseite Dachflächen aufweist. Am unteren Schenkel 34, 36 der Klemmplatten 24, 26 ist eine Bremsbelagschicht 38 bzw. 40 in Form einer Bremsleiste durch Schrauben befestigt, wie bei 42 angedeutet. In Fig. 1 sind die Schrauben gestrichelt eingezeichnet. Wie zu erkennen, sind die Bremsleisten, die aus einem geeigneten Reibmaterial, wie zum Beispiel Bronze, bestehen, an der Außenseite konvex gewölbt und liegen nur an der Unterseite des Schienenkopfes 14, 16 bzw. 22 an.Fig. 1 shows a section of a first rail 10 (left Side) and a second rail 12 (right side) with one Rail head 14 or 16. For both rail heads 14, 16 an identical track brake element 18 is provided. In 2 is a third rail 20 with a rail head 22 for which the identical track brake element 18 is applied. It can therefore be used universally. It points to opposite sides of the rail head Clamping plates 24, 26 approximately in cross section Are C-shaped and at the ends by standing inwards Flanges 80, 82 form ends. An upper leg 28 or 30 of the clamping plates 24, 26 overlaps a lining strip 32, which has roof surfaces on the top. At the lower leg 34, 36 of the clamping plates 24, 26 is one Brake pad layer 38 or 40 in the form of a brake bar attached by screws, as indicated at 42. In Fig. 1, the screws are shown in dashed lines. How to recognize are the brake bars that come from a suitable Friction material, such as bronze, exist on the The outside is convex and only lies on the underside of the rail head 14, 16 or 22.

Wie in Fig. 2, linke Seite, zu erkennen, weisen die Leisten der Bremsbelagschicht 38, 40 Bohrungen auf, in die einen erhabenen Abschnitt bildende, stopfenartige Verschleißabschnitte eingesetzt sind. Die im Querschnitt kreisförmigen Verschleißabschnitte 44 weisen an der der Klemmplatte 24 zugekehrten Seite einen Flansch 46 auf, der in einer entsprechenden Ausnehmung oder Ansenkung der Bremsleiste einsitzt. Dadurch sind die Verschleißabschnitte 44 sicher in der Bremsleiste gehalten. Jede Bremsleiste kann in Längsrichtung beabstandet eine Reihe derartiger Verschleißabschnitte 44 aufweisen. Sie bestehen aus einem geeigneten Kunststoffmaterial, beispielsweise Polyamid, das eine relativ hohe Druckfestigkeit aufweist. Sie stehen nur geringfügig über die gewölbte Oberseite der Bremsleisten über (siehe Fig. 1 und rechte Seite Fig. 2), bilden jedoch die einzige Anlagefläche an der Unterseite des Schienenkopfes 14, 16 bzw. 22. As can be seen in Fig. 2, left side, the Make the brake lining layer 38, 40 holes in the plug-like wear sections forming a raised section are used. The cross section circular wear sections 44 point to the Clamping plate 24 facing side a flange 46 which in a corresponding recess or counterbore Brake bar sits. This makes the wear sections 44 held securely in the brake bar. Each Brake bar can be spaced a row in the longitudinal direction have such wear sections 44. They exist from a suitable plastic material, for example Polyamide, which has a relatively high compressive strength. They are only slightly above the curved top of the Brake strips above (see Fig. 1 and right side Fig. 2), however form the only contact surface on the underside of the rail head 14, 16 or 22.

Die sich über die Länge der Klemmplatten 24, 26 erstreckende Futterleiste 32 hat an der Unterseite drei im Abstand angeordnete kreisförmige Ausnehmungen 48, in denen zylindrische Klötze 50 einsitzen. Sie bestehen aus einem geeigneten Reibmaterial, beispielsweise Bronze. In die Unterseite der Klötze 50 sind stopfenartige Verschleißabschnitte 52 aus einem geeigneten druckfesten Kunststoffmaterial, beispielsweise Polyamid, eingelassen und durch Preßsitz darin gehalten. Außen vorstehende Flansche bilden als erhabene Abschnitte die einzige Anlagefläche der Klötze 50 am Schienenkopf 14, 16 bzw. 22.The extending over the length of the clamping plates 24, 26 Lining strip 32 has three in the bottom Spaced circular recesses 48 in which Fit cylindrical blocks 50. They consist of one suitable friction material, for example bronze. In the The underside of the blocks 50 are plug-like wear sections 52 made of a suitable pressure-resistant plastic material, For example, polyamide, embedded and through Press fit held in it. Form the protruding flanges as raised sections, the only contact surface of the Blocks 50 on the rail head 14, 16 or 22.

Oberhalb der Klötze 50 sitzen in den Ausnehmungen 48 als Tellerfederpaket eine Druckfeder 56 und eine Druckscheibe 58. Auf der Druckscheibe 58 stützt sich ein Spannbolzen 60 ab, dessen Schaft 62 in einer Gewindebohrung der Futterleiste 32 sitzt. Über die Druckscheibe 58 übt der Spannbolzen 60 einen Druck auf den Klotz 50 aus. Da die Futterleiste 32 über Schrauben 64 bzw. 66 mit den Klemmplatten 24, 26 verbunden ist, wird eine Zugkraft auf letztere aufgebracht, die zu einer Preßkraft der Bremsleisten gegen die Unterseite des Schienenkopfes 14, 16 bzw. 22 führt.Above the blocks 50 sit in the recesses 48 as Disc spring package, a compression spring 56 and a thrust washer 58. A clamping bolt 60 is supported on the thrust washer 58 from whose shaft 62 in a threaded bore of the chuck 32 sits. The clamping bolt exercises over the thrust washer 58 60 exerts pressure on the block 50. Because the lining bar 32 with screws 64 or 66 with the clamping plates 24, 26 is connected, a tensile force is applied to the latter, the against a pressing force of the brake rails the bottom of the rail head 14, 16 and 22 leads.

Die Spannbolzen 60 sind hohl und nehmen einen Anzeigedorn 66a auf, der bei 68 am unteren Ende im Preßsitz in einer Bohrung des Klotzes 50 einsitzt. Im Bereich des Kopfes 70 des Spannbolzens 60 sorgt eine Sicherung 72 dafür, daß der Anzeigedorn 66a nicht nach unten durch den Spannbolzen 60 fallen kann. Die Sicherung 72 besteht in einem Federring oder dergleichen, der gegen einen Absatz 74 des Spannbolzens 60 anliegt, wenn er eine vorgegebene Strecke nach unten bewegt wird.The clamping bolts 60 are hollow and take an indicator mandrel 66a at 68 at the lower end in a press fit in one Block 50 bore sits. In the area of the head 70 of the clamping bolt 60 ensures a fuse 72 that the Indicator mandrel 66a not downwards through the clamping bolt 60 can fall. The fuse 72 consists of a spring washer or the like, against a shoulder 74 of the clamping bolt 60 is present if it follows a predetermined distance is moved down.

Die Schäfte der Gewindebolzen 64, 66 erstrecken sich durch großzügig bemessene Öffnungen 76 der Spannplatten 24, 26. The shafts of the threaded bolts 64, 66 extend through generously dimensioned openings 76 of the clamping plates 24, 26.

Futterleiste 32, Spannbolzen 60, Druckscheibe 58, Tellerfederpaket und Klötze 50 bilden eine vormontierte Einheit, bevor das Gleisbremselement 18 am Schienenkopf 14, 16, 22 montiert wird. Die beschriebene Einheit wird auf den Schienenkopf aufgesetzt und es erfolgt das Befestigen der Klemmplatten 24, 26 mit Hilfe der Schrauben 64, 66. Durch Festziehen des Spannbolzens 60 wird, wie beschrieben, eine Preßkraft auf die Klötze 50 und die Bremsleisten aufgebracht, wobei der von dem Spannbolzen 60 zurückgelegte Weg ein Maß für diese Kraft ist. Dieser Weg kann nun durch den Anzeigedorn, der auf dem Klotz 50 aufsitzt, gemessen werden.Chuck 32, clamping bolt 60, thrust washer 58, spring washer package and blocks 50 form a pre-assembled unit, before the track braking element 18 on the rail head 14, 16, 22 is assembled. The unit described is based on the The rail head is attached and the is attached Clamping plates 24, 26 using the screws 64, 66. By Tightening the tension bolt 60, as described, is a Pressing force applied to the blocks 50 and the brake bars, the distance traveled by the clamping bolt 60 is a measure of this force. This path can now be taken through the Display mandrel, which sits on the block 50, are measured.

Erfolgt nun ein Auffahrvorgang, indem beispielsweise ein von einem Fahrzeug bewegter Gleisbremsprellbock auf einer Seite gegen die Spannplatten 24, 26 andrückt, muß zunächst die Haftreibung überwunden werden. Diese wird jedoch ausschließlich durch die stopfenartigen Verschleißabschnitte bestimmt. Da diese bestimmungsgemäß einen sehr kleinen Reibungskoeffizienten haben, ist die Stoßkraft zum Inbewegungsetzen des Gleisbremselements 18 relativ klein. Eine kurze Reibstrecke genügt jedoch, um den erhabenen Abschnitt 44, 54 der Verschleißabschnitte abzutragen, so daß die Bremsleisten bzw. der Klotz 50 reibend mit dem Schienenkopf 14, 16 bzw. 22 zusammenwirken.Now there is an opening process, for example by a track brake baffle moved by a vehicle on a Presses side against the clamping plates 24, 26 must first the static friction can be overcome. However, this is exclusive through the plug-like wear sections certainly. Since this is intended to be a very small one Have coefficients of friction, is the momentum to set in motion of the track braking element 18 is relatively small. However, a short rubbing distance is enough to cover the raised portion 44, 54 of the wear sections, so that the brake bars or the block 50 rubbing against the rail head 14, 16 and 22 cooperate.

Nach einem derartigen Bremsvorgang ist es erforderlich, die Verschleißelemente auszutauschen.After such braking, it is necessary replace the wear elements.

Claims (17)

  1. A rail brake element, in particular for use in rail brake buffer blocks, comprising a pair of clamping plates extending about a rail head from each side and supported against its top surface, which clamping plates are clamped against the rail head by a clamping device including a clamping bolt and a spring assembly, and include at its portion below the rail head a brake lining portion of suitable rigid friction material for engagement with the rail head, characterized in that the brake lining layer (38,40) engages the rail head (14,16,22) by means of a raised portion (44) of wear material having a static friction coefficient smaller than that of the brake lining layer (38,40).
  2. A rail brake element according to claim 1, characterized in that the wear material comprises compression-resistent plastics.
  3. A rail brake element according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the wear material is applied to the brake lining layer so as to be continuous.
  4. A rail brake element according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the wear material is applied to the brake lining layer in spaced areas.
  5. A rail brake element according to any of claims 1 to claim 4, characterized in that the brake lining layer (38,40) comprises a brake ledge facing only the bottom side of the rail head (14,16,22).
  6. A rail brake element according to claim 5, characterized in that block-like wear portions forming raised portions (44) are inserted in recesses of the brake ledge.
  7. A rail brake element according to claim 6, characterized in that the block-like wear portions are interference-fitted into the recesses.
  8. A rail brake element according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that the recesses are throughbores in the brake ledge and the block-like wear portions include a flange (46) which is received in a counterbore of the bores on the side facing the clamping plate (24,26).
  9. A rail brake element according to any of claims 5 to claim 8, characterized in that the side of the brake ledge which faces the rail head (14,16,22) is of a convex arcuate cross-section.
  10. A rail brake element according to any of claim 1 to claim 9, characterized in that the clamping device is supported against the top surface of the rail head (14,16,22) via a pad (50) of friction material and exerts a tension force upon the clamping plates (24,26).
  11. A rail brake element according to claim 10, characterized in that a clamping bolt (60) engages the pad (50), which clamping bolt is received in a threaded bore of a lining ledge (32) across which the clamping plates (24,26) extend and which is connected to the outside of the clamping plates (24,26), the pad (50) being received in a recess (48) of the lining ledge (32) and a compression spring (56) being disposed between the clamping bolt (60) and the pad (50).
  12. A rail brake element according to claim 11, characterized in that the pad (50) has a raised portion (54) resting upon the rail head (14,16,22), which raised portion is of a wear material of a small static friction coefficient.
  13. A rail brake element according to claim 11 or claim 12, characterized in that the compression spring (56) comprises a Belleville spring assembly.
  14. A rail brake element according to any of claim 11 to claim 13, characterized in that the clamping bolt (60) is hollow and an indicator rod (66a) extends through the clamping bolt (60) to the pad (50), and securing means (72) are positioned between the clamping bolt head (70) and the indicator rod (66a) to prevent the indicator rod (66a) from dropping through the clamping bolt (60).
  15. A rail brake element according to claim 14, characterized in that the indicator rod (66a) is interference-fitted into a bore of the pad (50)
  16. A rail brake element according to any of claims 11 to claim 15, characterized in that a plurality of cylindrical pads (50) spaced with respect to each other are received in respective recesses (48) of the lining ledge (32).
  17. A rail brake element according to any of claims 11 to claim 16, characterized in that the lining ledge (32) is connected to the clamping plates (24,26) by means of threaded bolts (64,66) and the apertures (76) in the clamping plates (24,26) for receiving the threaded bolts (64,66) are of a diameter in excess of the diameter of the bolt shafts.
EP96901770A 1995-02-28 1996-01-26 Rail brake element Expired - Lifetime EP0810939B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19506997A DE19506997C1 (en) 1995-02-28 1995-02-28 Track brake element
DE19506997 1995-02-28
PCT/EP1996/000322 WO1996026856A1 (en) 1995-02-28 1996-01-26 Rail brake element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0810939A1 EP0810939A1 (en) 1997-12-10
EP0810939B1 true EP0810939B1 (en) 1998-09-16

Family

ID=7755262

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96901770A Expired - Lifetime EP0810939B1 (en) 1995-02-28 1996-01-26 Rail brake element

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6237726B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0810939B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE171122T1 (en)
AU (1) AU695542B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2213415C (en)
DE (2) DE19506997C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2122784T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1996026856A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5865122A (en) * 1997-06-20 1999-02-02 Western-Cullen-Hayes Inc. Apparatus for attaching buffer stop to railroad track
DE20109139U1 (en) * 2001-06-01 2001-08-09 A. Rawie GmbH & Co., 49090 Osnabrück Track brake element
CA2354430A1 (en) 2001-07-31 2003-01-31 A. Rawie Gmbh & Co. Fixed bumping post
US6938739B2 (en) * 2002-12-26 2005-09-06 Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation Brake head positioner
DE102007050030B3 (en) * 2007-10-17 2008-08-21 A. Rawie Gmbh & Co. Kg Track brake element has two clamping plates coupled together, which has rail head of guide rail with break element, where brake element is arranged with two clamping plates at rail head
CN103523051A (en) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-22 芜湖鼎恒材料技术有限公司 Check block for rail
KR101641624B1 (en) * 2014-09-02 2016-07-21 주식회사 포스코 Apparatus for blocking tripper of bin of furnace
CN110901589B (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-05-07 温州科丰汽车零部件有限公司 Wheel sensor
CN114559978B (en) * 2022-03-11 2023-10-31 中交铁道设计研究总院有限公司 Buffer wheel stopper for railway track

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1239448A (en) * 1916-05-26 1917-09-11 American Brake Shoe & Foundry Brake-shoe.
GB278913A (en) * 1926-11-27 1927-10-20 Graphite Products Ltd Improvements in brakes
DE834572C (en) * 1951-02-02 1952-03-20 Berthold Lotze Brake element for track brake bumpers
US2900923A (en) * 1952-01-03 1959-08-25 Hayes Track Appliance Co Wheel retainer with screw actuated clamps
US2762314A (en) * 1952-02-08 1956-09-11 Hayes Track Appliance Co Wheel retainer with wedge actuated clamps
DE2453223C2 (en) * 1974-11-09 1984-07-12 Erhart Dr. 4500 Osnabrück Wilisch Rail brake damper
JPS5531021U (en) * 1978-08-19 1980-02-28
DE2924823A1 (en) * 1979-06-20 1981-01-15 Schneider & Co C Railway track reinforcement near track brake buffers - involves elastic spacer layer between rails and reinforcing supports
GB2060095A (en) * 1979-08-13 1981-04-29 Godwin Warren Eng Ltd Brake Retarder Shoe
DE3422230C2 (en) * 1984-06-15 1987-01-22 Erhart Dr. 4500 Osnabrück Wilisch Track brake element
US5597053A (en) * 1995-12-14 1997-01-28 Weng; Dah-Cherng Brake lining having inserts of chalk infiltrated with rosin
US5753018A (en) * 1997-04-14 1998-05-19 General Motors Corporation Resin mixture for friction materials
US5865122A (en) * 1997-06-20 1999-02-02 Western-Cullen-Hayes Inc. Apparatus for attaching buffer stop to railroad track

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6237726B1 (en) 2001-05-29
WO1996026856A1 (en) 1996-09-06
AU695542B2 (en) 1998-08-13
DE19506997C1 (en) 1996-06-20
ATE171122T1 (en) 1998-10-15
AU4621796A (en) 1996-09-18
CA2213415A1 (en) 1996-09-06
EP0810939A1 (en) 1997-12-10
CA2213415C (en) 2002-11-19
ES2122784T3 (en) 1998-12-16
DE59600572D1 (en) 1998-10-22

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