DE2718003A1 - DISC BRAKE FOR VEHICLES, IN PARTICULAR ROAD VEHICLES - Google Patents

Description

Munich, April 4th, 1977

KNORR-BEEMSE GMBH, Moosacher Strasse 80, 8000 Munich 40

Disc brakes for vehicles, in particular road vehicles

The invention relates to a disc brake for vehicles, in particular road vehicles, with a cross-section U-shaped fixed brake caliper comprising a brake disc.

It is known that the brake caliper for disc brakes of the type mentioned above is made in one piece or in several parts to train. With multi-part design of the brake caliper

its individual parts are largely designed differently; especially those on both sides of the brake disc The leg sections of the brake caliper located here represent different ones, each over the entire width of the caliper Extending parts. It follows that for each brake disc diameter and for each intended Braking power different brake calipers or brake caliper parts are required. The production of the brake caliper will this makes it more difficult and expensive.

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It is the object of the invention to create a disc brake of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the brake caliper is composed essentially of individual parts, which are designed identically and for brake caliper of different disc brakes can be used · The individual parts of the brake caliper are therefore in large numbers and accordingly cheap to manufacture.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the brake caliper has at least one caliper section with two to the radial center plane of the brake disc has saddle parts arranged in mirror image to one another that the Saddle parts are formed at least substantially similar to each other that each saddle part in view one approximately trapezoidal shape and with the shorter of its parallel side edges facing the brake disc axis, this vertically crossing, is arranged, in its middle section a housing for an actuating device carries and near its corners is provided with holes parallel to the brake disc axis that the

at least

two caliper parts through / two parallel to the brake disc axis, the brake disc radially inwardly or outwardly overlapping retaining bolts, which in each case one of the parallel side edges engage the saddle parts adjacent holes, are rigidly connected to each other, with between the two saddle parts on each of the retaining bolts one in his

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Thickness is at least approximately the thickness of the brake disc corresponding spacer, and that at least one of the two saddle parts by means of the other holes penetrating fastening bolts with a fixed one Support part is rigidly connected.

In order to spread the brake caliper formed in this way during braking, which in particular is due to elastic stretching the parts located in its web area can be conditionally avoided or at least reduced, it is expedient according to a further feature of the invention if each saddle part between the retaining bolts one having radially cantilevered approach and if between the opposing approaches of the two saddle parts a bolt is clamped. The bolt designed as a pressure bolt can be preloaded to a certain value be, whereby the brake caliper contains a bias counteracting its bending.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous if the pressure bolt is chamfered on the one hand End rests in a correspondingly conical recess of the approach of a saddle part and on the other hand has a conical centering hole in which a coaxial with a corresponding centering tip to the pressure bolt arranged, with the shoulder of the other saddle part screwed pressure screw engages.

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In such a disc brake can after a Another feature of the invention, the brake pads get a simple and reliable guide that the Pressure bolt protrudes slidably through the carrier plates for the brake pads in bores, whereby the bores are located in eye bases protruding radially from the carrier plates

To form a high-performance disc brake, it is expedient according to a further feature of the invention, when the brake caliper is angled from several side by side according to the curvature of the circumference of the brake disc arranged saddle sections, wherein the spacers are tab-like and of each two adjacent retaining bolts of two adjacent saddle sections are penetrated. Here can be omitted Always use the same caliper parts for disc brakes with different braking powers. By using the Similar caliper parts for all disc brakes, the caliper parts can be manufactured cheaply in large numbers will.

According to the further invention, it is expedient here if the support part is designed in the form of a ring and is screwed to all of the caliper parts located on one side of the brake disc. This results in a good fastening of the brake

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ice cream.

According to a further feature of the invention, a disc brake designed in this way can also be advantageous be characterized in that in the housing of at least one saddle part a mechanical, in the Housings of all remaining saddle parts are each arranged a hydraulic actuator. Here it can be useful if all hydraulic actuating devices are connected to one another by a drilling line are connected, wherein the drilling line the brake disc in a side facing away from the brake disc Spacers located groove crossed running. This protects the pipeline from mechanical damage largely protected; to increase the protection against the brake heat, the brake line in the area the spacers must be surrounded by an insulating jacket.

Based on the drawings, exemplary embodiments for disc brakes designed according to the invention are shown, namely show:

ilgur 1 shows a section through a vehicle wheel built-in disc brake, in the upper part the section of the line A-A and in the lower part Part of the line B-B of Fig. 2 follows,

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FIG. 2 shows a view of a disc brake with one composed of two caliper sections Brake caliper,

FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a disc brake with a saddle section comprising a saddle section Brake caliper, with a second caliper section indicated by dash-dotted lines to which the disc brake corresponds to that of FIG. 2,

Figure 4- a saddle part in view,

Figure 5 cLas saddle part in plan and

Figure 6 the saddle part in section,

FIG. 7 a carrier plate for a brake lining,

Figure 8 shows a modified carrier plate for a brake lining in view,

FIG. 8a shows a partial section through the carrier plate according to line C-C in FIG. 8,

Figure 9 shows a support part in view,
FIG. 10 the supporting part in section,

FIG. 11 schematically shows the view of three disc brakes and

FIG. 12 shows a partial image of a section similar to FIG. 1 through a modified embodiment of FIG Disc brake.

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According to FIG. 1, the disc brake has a brake disc 2 which is connected to a vehicle wheel 1 and which, like shown, can be ventilated design, but can also be designed as a simple disc. The brake disc is overlapped by a U-shaped brake caliper 3, which may consist of one or more, according to Fig. 2 of two saddle sections 4-. The one on the side of the brake disc 2 located leg parts of each saddle section 4 consist essentially of a saddle part 5 according to 4- to 6. Each saddle part 5 has, as shown in Fig. 4-, a substantially trapezoidal view in view Shape up. Near each corner of the saddle part 5 there is a hole, the longer of the two parallel trapezoidal boundaries adjacent holes with the reference numeral 6 and the two remaining holes are provided with the reference number 7. The middle absenteeism of the saddle part 5 is formed into a housing 8, which has two cylinder spaces of graduated diameter 9 records. A pressure medium connection 10 leads through the wall of the housing into the cylinder spaces 9 · on the the side facing away from the brake disc, the housing 8 is connected to the smaller of the two cylinder spaces 9 by means a cover section 11 closed. The saddle part 5 is to the side of the housing 8, as is particularly clear from Figs. J and 5 can be seen, with bends provided in such a way that the bores 6 having

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Edge areas of the saddle part 5 of the brake disc 2 approximated are. Between the two bores 6, the caliper part 5 is with one, in relation to the brake disc 2, provided radially projecting extension 13, in which there is a threaded hole 14 parallel to the holes 6 and 7, which merges into a conically widened section 15 near its mouth on the brake disc side.

Two saddle parts 5 are, as shown in the lower part of the Pig. 1 can be seen, arranged in a mirror image to the radial center plane of the brake disk 2 next to the brake disk 2 and screwed together by means of their bores 6 protruding retaining bolts 16. Between the two Saddle parts 5 are located in the area of both retaining bolts 16 each a spacer 17 ″ which approximately has the same thickness as the brake disk 2 and the caliper parts 5 are therefore out of contact with the brake disk 2 holds. In the illustrated embodiments of the brake disc, the retaining bolts and the spacers overlap 17 the brake disc 2 radially on the outside. In the cylinder chambers 9 of the saddle parts 5 are, as in the upper one

Part of Fig.1 shown, designed as a hydraulic actuating piston stepped piston

device / piston members 18, which can be acted upon via the pressure medium connections 10 in the pressing direction on the brake disc 2. Between the piston members 18 and the

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Housing ^ 8 can be in the usual, not separately designated Wise adjustment devices for limiting the return stroke of the piston members 18 can be classified. The piston links 18 act on brake shoes, each of which consists of a brake lining 19 and a carrier plate 20 carrying it exist. A pressure bolt 21 is clamped between the lugs 13 of the opposing saddle parts 5; this lies on the one hand with a correspondingly conical chamfer 22 in section 15 of the threaded hole 14 of the a saddle part 5 and is on the other hand with a conical Centering hole provided, in which the corresponding conical centering tip 23 with the shoulder 13 of the other saddle part 5 screwed pressure screw 24 engages. By means of the pressure screw 24, the pressure bolt 21 is pretensioned to a specific compressive stress.

The carrier plates 20 have an apparent from FIG. 7, a shape substantially corresponding to the shape of the saddle part 5 within the abutments 12; when inserting the Brake shoe in a saddle part 5, the carrier plate is accordingly guided between the abutments 12. At At its outer edge, the carrier plate 20 is provided with an eyelet 25 in which a bore 26 is located. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, the bore 26 is penetrated by the printed sheet 21 with little play; the carrier plate 20 is thereby in the assembled state

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State another guide to the saddle parts 5. Near their side boundaries are in the carrier plate

20 two blind bores 28 parallel to the side boundaries 27. In the blind bores facing one another 28 of two oppositely mounted brake shoes 19 »20, the ends of a compression spring 29 each engage middle section with play spirally around the pressure pin

21 is winding. The compression springs 29 seek two opposing each other under their own tension Spread apart brake shoes 19.20, and thus from the Lift off brake disc 2.

The saddle part 5 facing away from the disk of the vehicle wheel 1 is fastened by means of fastening bolts engaging in its bores 7 30 rigidly connected to a support part 31 which, as will be explained later, can be designed in a ring shape and which is connected to a fixed vehicle part is.

It is possible, for a disc brake with relatively low braking power, to have a brake caliper composed of only two of each other opposing saddle parts and thus only a saddle section 4- to form, as shown in Fig. 3 with extended Lines is shown. But it is also possible to use a disc brake with greater or very large braking power by arranging several, two opposite each other

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to create lying saddle parts 5 comprehensive saddle sections 4-. In FIG. 2, a brake disc is shown which has a brake caliper 3 composed of two caliper sections 4. The two saddle sections 4 are adjacent to one another and are attached to an annular support member 31 at an angle corresponding to the angle of curvature of the outer circumference of the brake disc 2, in such a way that they at least almost touch one another with their approximately radial, facing lateral boundaries. In order to achieve a connection between the two saddle sections 4- also radially on the outside, the spacers 17 are designed like tabs. The spacer 1? Located between the two saddle sections M- is penetrated by the adjacent retaining bolts 16 of the two saddle sections 4- and thus connects them to one another; The spacers 17 located at the free ends of the brake caliper 3 are tangential to the circumference of the brake disc 2 completely between the cranked areas of the respective opposing caliper parts 5, with only their bore adjacent to the brake caliper end face 32 being penetrated by the retaining bolt 16, as shown in FIG. 2 on the right brake caliper end face 32 can be seen. The cylinder spaces 9 of all the saddle parts 5 are connected to one another by a drilling line 33 and can thus be acted upon with pressure medium through a common supply line (not shown). The pipeline 33

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the brake disc 2 crosses approximately at the joint between the two caliper sections 4-, whereby it runs in a groove 34, which has the spacer 17 on its side facing away from the brake disc 2. In the area of the groove 34 is the pipe 33 is provided with an insulating jacket 35 for its thermal protection.

In Pig. 3 is a second saddle section 4 · with dash-dotted lines Lines indicated.

To further increase the braking power of the disc brake, it is possible to use the brake caliper 3 with further Saddle sections 4- to be provided, which preferably then are to be arranged on the brake caliper end faces 32. In Fig. 11 there are three in the left half, such juxtaposed saddle sections 4 shown or indicated. All such saddle sections 4- are to be connected to one another radially on the outside by means of the tab-like spacers 17 and radially on the inside with a to fasten their saddle parts 5 sun support part 31 by means of fastening bolts 30. The support part 31 is according to this 9 annularly with five arranged evenly distributed on its circumference, protruding radially outwards and each two adjacent bores having eyes 36 formed so that a total of five saddle sections 4 can be held, which has a closed,

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annular caliper result. The apparent from Fig. 10, The L-shaped cross section of the support part 31 gives it great rigidity.

The saddle sections formed from the saddle parts 5 are also suitable to represent a brake caliper for a brake disc, which has a larger or smaller Has diameter than the brake disc 2 used in the embodiments described above. the individual saddle sections 4 of the brake caliper 3 'or 3 " are for this purpose, as can be seen from the right half of Pig. 11, around the retaining bolts 16 somewhat radially outwards or attached to the extended spacers 17 pivoted radially inward, in such a way that the adjacent Side surfaces of two saddle sections 4 - a widening in a wedge shape radially inwards or radially outwards Have a distance from one another. The support part 31 is here as an annular body with a correspondingly enlarged or reduced diameter and, in the first case, correspondingly enlarged spacing of the holes from his eyes 36.

From the above it can be seen that by means of similar saddle parts 5 different brake calipers can be formed, which, depending on the required braking power, between one and five saddle sections 4 can have and which brake discs with different diameters are able to grip. The saddle part 5 is therefore in part with different disc brakes

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can be used in multiple arrangements and can accordingly be manufactured in large numbers and thus largely by machine and correspondingly cheap. the the few remaining parts required to assemble the brake caliper are simple and also also mostly required several times and in the same design for the different brake caliper designs, so that these parts can also be produced in large numbers and thus cheaply. So it results in a Modular system with cheap individual parts from which brake calipers for different disc brakes are easy and can be set up in a cost-saving manner.

The modular system described above is with appropriate Training of its caliper parts also suitable for the production of brake calipers, which are ring-shaped comprise trained brake disc from radially inside; the spacers and the retaining bolts are radial to be arranged on the inside of the saddle parts. Here, too, it is possible to have different numbers of saddle sections having brake calipers as well as for different brake disc inner diameters build suitable brake calipers from the same individual parts.

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After loosening the pressure screw 24, the pressure bolt 21 can be removed. The brake shoes 19 »20 are then by the saddle parts 5 and the spacers 17 enclosed, in Fig. 3 visible opening for the replacement of worn brake linings 19 'such as shown on the left of the brake disc in FIG. 1, radially removable and through unworn brake linings 19 load bearing brake shoes, as in Pig. 1 shown on the right of the brake disc 2, replaceable.

Palis one more in addition to the hydraulic actuation

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mechanical actuation device, e.g. as a parking brake, for which the disc brake is required, the housing 8 of at least one caliper part 5 of the brake caliper 3, possibly with a modification to the one shown Embodiment can be designed such that in it a mechanical or combined hydraulic-mechanical Application device is mountable. This further increases the possibility of variation of the disc brake.

It should also be mentioned that with a corresponding change in the trapezoidal shape of the saddle parts 5 can be achieved as a modification of the embodiment described above, fewer or more than five saddle sections result in an annular, closed brake caliper.

All embodiments of the disc brake according to the invention thus have a simple, structural design in which, as a result of the action of the pressure bolt 21, the brake caliper opposes a high resistance to its expansion, with no movable saddle bearings required and a simple, problem-free brake pad change is possible. In addition, the disc brake has an optimal Frictional radius and, with its compact design and low weight, has components that are prone to canting. It can be installed in any installation position. A

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Another advantage is that when the brake is released, the friction linings are also under the influence of gravity do not touch the brake disc.

The stepped shape of the housing 8 corresponding to the stepped cylinder spaces 9 facilitates the installation of the Disc brake in vehicle wheels 1, in which there is often only a very limited installation space for the disc brake is available.

In a modification to the above described embodiments, it is also possible, instead of the pressure pin 21 as shown in FIG. 12 having between the simple through bores approaches 13 ¹ use a pipe piece 37 of the seat parts 5 and to be screwed by means of barriers 38 with the lugs 13 'fixed. The support between the saddle parts 5 can then transmit not only compressive forces, but also tensile forces caused, for example, by corresponding prestressing or operating conditions.

In a further modification, it is possible, if necessary, near the corners of the saddle parts 5 in a manner not shown to attach several holes 6 or 7 next to each other, whereby a multiple screw connection by means of several Retaining bolt 16 or fastening bolt 30 for each corner of the saddle part can be achieved with a correspondingly increased strength,

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Furthermore, the support plate 20 can be simplified in that instead of the blind bores 28 according to ilg. 7th On the side facing away from the brake lining 19, two brackets 39 are arranged on the support plate 20, as shown in FIG. 8 and 8a is shown. The brackets 39 form openings 28 'into which the ends of the compression springs 29 are inserted will. Otherwise the support plate corresponds to that according to Pig. 7 ·

Claims;

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Claims (11)

Munich, April 4, 1977 TP-so claims 1.} Disc brake for vehicles, in particular road vehicles, with a brake disc with a U-shaped cross section comprehensive, fixed brake caliper, characterized in that the brake caliper (3) has at least one Caliper section (4) with two mirror images of one another to the radial center plane of the brake disc (2) Saddle parts (5) has that the saddle parts are at least substantially similar to one another are that each saddle part in view has an approximately trapezoidal shape and with the shorter its parallel side edges facing the brake disc axis, crossing it vertically, is arranged, carries a housing (8) for an actuating device in its central section and with it near its corners Bores parallel to the brake disc axis (6 and 7) is at least provided that the two saddle parts by / two Retaining bolts (16) parallel to the brake disc axis and overlapping the brake disc radially on the inside or outside, which engage in the bores (6) adjacent to one of the parallel side edges of the saddle parts, are rigidly connected to each other, between the two saddle parts on each of the retaining bolts 809843/0455
ORIGINAL INSPECTED spacer (17) corresponding in its thickness at least approximately to the thickness of the brake disc is located, and that at least one of the two saddle parts is rigidly connected to a fixed support part (31) by means of fastening bolts (30) penetrating through the other bores (7) is. 2. Disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that each caliper part (5) between the retaining bolt (16) has a radially projecting extension (13) and that between the opposing approaches of both Saddle parts a bolt is clamped. 3. Disc brake according to claim 2, characterized in that the bolt formed as a pressure bolt (21) with a chamfered end in a correspondingly conical recess (22) of the extension (13) of the one saddle part (5) and on the other hand has a conical centering hole, in which with a corresponding center point (23) one arranged coaxially to the pressure bolt, with the shoulder (13) of the other saddle part (5) screwed pressure screw (24) engages. 4-, disc brake according to claim 2 or 3 »characterized in that that the pressure bolt (21), the carrier plates (20) for the brake linings (19) in bores (26) can be displaced 809843/0455 protrudes through, the bores being located in eye lugs (25) projecting radially from the carrier plates. 5. Disc brake according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake caliper (3) from several side by side according to the curvature of the circumference of the brake disc (2) to each other there is angled saddle sections (4), the spacers (17) being designed like tabs are and penetrated by two adjacent retaining bolts (16) of two adjacent saddle sections are. 6. Disc brake according to claim 5 »characterized in that that the support part (31) is ring-shaped and all located on one side of the brake disc (2) Saddle parts (5) is screwed. 7 · Disc brake according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that that in the housing of at least one saddle part a mechanical, in the housings (8) of all the rest Saddle parts (5) each have a hydraulic actuating device. 8. Disc brake according to claim 7> characterized in that that all hydraulic controls by 809843/0455 a pipe (33) are connected to one another, wherein the pipeline the brake disc (2) in one of the spacers on the side facing away from the brake disc (17) located groove (34) running crossed. 9. Disc brake according to claim 8, characterized in that the pipeline (33) in the region of the spacers (17) is provided with an insulating jacket (35). 10. Disc brake according to claim 5 »6 or 7» characterized in that that the saddle sections (4-) with a stepped cylinder (9) having hydraulic actuating devices are provided, the cylinder section closer to the brake disc (2) having a larger one and the cylinder portion further away from the brake disc has a smaller diameter. 11. Disc brake according to claim 2, characterized in that the bolt is designed as a pipe section (37) which is connected to the lugs (13 ¹ ) in a tensile and pressure-resistant manner by means of screws (38). 809843/0455