EP0808946B1 - Rail fastening - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a guide plate (5) and a clamp spring (3), held in assembly position by a fastening element, anchored in the sleeper (1). The element is a preferably lockable anchor element (15) with cam plate (18). When the anchor element is turned, the cam plate tensions the clamp spring. The cam plate is stepped and has one first ramp-shaped section, which merges into a first locking step. A second ramp-shaped section next to the step merges into a second locking step. The first step corresponds to an assembly position, the second step corresponds to a final fitted position.

Description

The present invention relates to a Concrete sleepers or the like pre-assembled Rail fastening, which is on both sides of the rail on the Rail attachment point is arranged and each an elastic clamp spring and an angular one Has guide plate, the guide plate with one side on the rail foot and on that of the rail opposite side with an inclined surface on one corresponding support surface of a recess Concrete sleeper or the like is applied and the Guide plate and the clamping spring by means of a in the Anchored concrete sleeper or the like Fasteners held in their pre-assembly position be and the clamping spring in the final assembly position presses the rail foot.

Such a rail attachment is from the DE 39 18 091 A1 known. Serve as a fastener there threshold screws that using Plastic dowels in corresponding holes in the Concrete sleepers are screwed in. In the case of the Clamp springs held by sleeper screws around specially designed tension clamps made of steel bars, which together with angle guide plates on the Pre-assembled concrete sleepers. The tension clamps from the pre-assembly position as far as Moved towards the rail until it was on the Side facing away from the rail in a in the angle guide plate engage trained guide groove and press their free ends onto the rail foot. In this The position is then dismantled by the Threshold screws using a torque wrench be tightened until a desired clamping force is reached, the middle part of the tension clamp in one comes to a small distance above the rail foot.

This known rail fastening is characterized by a easy pre-assembly as well as a simple transition from the Pre-assembly in the final assembly position after inserting the Rail off. In addition, the angle guide plates sure that horizontal forces are directly on the concrete sleepers are transmitted and thus only pure tensile forces on the Threshold screws act so that they do not can solve automatically.

However, many railway engineers are incomprehensible believe that bolted rail fastening systems are maintenance-intensive because Would loosen screw connections automatically, whereas screwless systems require little or no maintenance are.

Screwless rail fastening systems require special Anchoring in the sleepers. Systems are known where springs, for example, parallel to the rail or be threaded perpendicular to the rail. Also exist in the prior art systems in which a spring end in one opening is inserted, after which the second Spring end by lever into a second half-open bracket use.

EP 0 373 099 A1 describes one on concrete sleepers pre-assembled rail fastener known, the one elastic clamping spring and an angular guide plate having. The clamping spring is in one piece with it trained fasteners in the form of a Anchor element provided in a concrete sleeper cast sleeve is anchored. For this is the sleeve at one end with a radial extension provided, in the radial at the end of the anchor element protruding paragraph can be screwed. The tension the clamping spring takes place in that this with a cooperates on the guide plate arranged ramp. The guide plate is relatively flat. Accordingly, it is due to its facing away from the rail Side on a relatively small, essentially vertical support surface of a recess in the concrete sleeper on. This guide plate can therefore only be used relatively Introduce low horizontal forces into the concrete sleeper.

The present invention is based on the object a rail fastening of the type mentioned above improve that besides the benefits of screwed Rail fastening systems, such as the direct derivation of Horizontal forces in the concrete body, an even faster and easier rail mounting.

This object is achieved in that the fastener is an anchor element attached to one within the Threshold mounted cam plate attacks when Twisting the anchor element tensioning the clamping spring causes. The solution according to the invention represents a kind Quick release represents an almost foolproof Rail assembly guaranteed. By maintaining the for taken known angular guide plate this in turn ensures that only tensile forces, however, no shear forces act on the anchor element. As Clamping springs can e.g. Tension clamps, so-called fast clips or the like are used.

A preferred embodiment of the invention Rail fastening is characterized in that the Cam is stepped and at least has a ramp-shaped section over which the Clamping spring is tensioned when the anchor element is rotated. The anchor element is preferably lockable. to The anchor element can be locked in the cam disc one or more rest stages are formed, which different degrees of tension assigned to the clamping spring are.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment provided that the cam disc a first rising has ramp-shaped section, which in a first Resting stage passes, to which an in turn increases second ramp-shaped section that connects into a second rest stage passes, the first rest stage one Pre-assembly position and the second locking step one Final assembly position corresponds. The ramped sections can be different Have slopes, preferably the slope of the first section is larger than that of the second Section. In this way, the torque increase be reduced when tensioning the clamping spring, so that turning the anchor element into the final assembly position is relieved accordingly.

A simple and inexpensive anchoring results when the anchor element with a angled end portion attacks on the cam. Alternatively, however, several can also be attached to the anchor element Anchor claws should be formed.

To attach a wrench or another suitable tool, the anchor element have standardized railroad screw head. Alternatively, it can also be useful if the Head of the anchor element is designed so that only a special one, but not a commercially available one Wrench can be attached. In this way unauthorized persons prevent the anchoring from being loosened or at least difficult. For example, that Anchoring element an internal key approach have and / or with an opening or holding part be provided for the attachment of a crossbar.

According to another advantageous embodiment provided that the cam in one in the Concrete sleeper arranged housing is held that preferably consists of plastic. That way it is possible to put the cam with the housing directly in to integrate the concrete sleeper in its manufacture. The housing serves as a placeholder and the electrical track insulation, provided it is made of plastic or another electrically insulating material is made.

The can also be used for electrical track insulation Cam made of plastic and / or that Overmolded anchor element with a plastic jacket or be covered. Furthermore, the anchor element can also be in a sleeve made of plastic or another electrical insulating material.

Further advantageous embodiments of the Rail fastening according to the invention are in the Subclaims marked.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch ein Schienenprofil mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Schienenbefestigung, bei welchem die linke Seite die Endmontagestellung im Gleisaußenraum und die rechte Seite die Vormontagestellung im Gleisinnenraum im Schnitt darstellt;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf das Schienenprofil und die Schienenbefestigung gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

in Seitenansicht ein stangenförmiges Ankerelement mit einem Vierkantkopf und einem abgewinkelten Endabschnitt;

Fig. 4

in Seitenansicht ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel eines stangenförmigen Ankerelements mit einem besonders ausgestalteten Kopfabschnitt;

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht auf den Kopfabschnitt gemäß Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf eine Winkelführungsplatte für die erfindungsgemäße Schienenbefestigung;

Fig. 7

einen Querschnitt durch die Winkelführungsplatte gemäß Fig. 6 entlang der Linie A-A;

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt durch die Winkelführungsplatte gemäß Fig. 6 entlang der Linie E-E;

Fig. 9

eine Draufsicht auf eine Kurvenscheibe für die erfindungsgemäße Schienenbefestigung;

Fig. 10

einen Querschnitt durch die Kurvenscheibe gemäß Fig. 9 entlang der Linie A-A;

Fig. 11

den abgewickelten Außendurchmesser der Kurvenscheibe gemäß Fig. 9;

Fig. 12

eine Seitenansicht eines zweiteiligen, in Längsrichtung geteilten Gehäuses zur Aufnahme der Kurvenscheibe;

Fig. 13

eine Draufsicht auf das Gehäuse gemäß Fig. 12 in zusammengesetztem Zustand;

Fig. 14

eine Draufsicht auf das Gehäuse gemäß Fig. 12 in geöffnetem Zustand; und

Fig. 15

eine vergrößerte schematische Darstellung des Details Z der Fig. 14.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a cross section through a rail profile with a rail fastening according to the invention, in which the left side represents the final assembly position in the track exterior and the right side the pre-assembly position in the track interior in section;

Fig. 2

a plan view of the rail profile and the rail fastening according to FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

in side view a rod-shaped anchor element with a square head and an angled end portion;

Fig. 4

in side view another embodiment of a rod-shaped anchor element with a specially designed head portion;

Fig. 5

a plan view of the head portion of FIG. 4;

Fig. 6

a plan view of an angle guide plate for the rail fastening according to the invention;

Fig. 7

a cross section through the angle guide plate of FIG 6 along the line AA.

Fig. 8

a cross section through the angle guide plate of FIG 6 along the line EE.

Fig. 9

a plan view of a cam for the rail fastening according to the invention;

Fig. 10

a cross section through the cam according to FIG 9 along the line AA.

Fig. 11

the unwound outer diameter of the cam according to FIG. 9;

Fig. 12

a side view of a two-part, longitudinally divided housing for receiving the cam;

Fig. 13

a plan view of the housing of FIG 12 in the assembled state.

Fig. 14

a plan view of the housing of FIG 12 in the open state. and

Fig. 15

an enlarged schematic representation of the detail Z of FIG. 14th

1 and 2 is the rail fastening according to the invention on the left half of the picture in the Final assembly position and on the right half of the picture in the Pre-assembled position shown, namely in Fig. 1 in a central longitudinal section through a concrete sleeper 1 and in Fig. 2 in a plan view, but the Concrete sleeper omitted and the rail 2 outside the Epsilon-shaped clamping springs 3 is cut off. The left side shows the track exterior and the right side the track interior, with the rail 2 in the track exterior in the assembled state and in the track interior in pre-assembled state is shown.

As can be seen in Fig. 1, the rail 2, the here using the example of the well-known UIC 60 rail profile is shown using a vibration damping Liner 4 on the concrete sleeper 1 between two angular guide plates 5, the Rail axis in a known manner in a fixed Ratio of e.g. 1:40 compared to the vertical to Track interior is inclined. The angular ones Guide plates 5 each have a longitudinal rib 6, with which they rest on the rail foot 7. The guide plates 5 each have an inclined surface 8 with which they the side facing away from the rail 2 on one corresponding support surface 9 of a recess 10 in the Apply concrete sleeper 1.

Due to the relatively long shape of the inner leg 11 of the Clamping spring 3, it is possible to use the clamping spring 3 without Twist from the pre-assembly position into the Move final assembly position, the free ends 12 of the clamping spring 3 from its pre-assembly position on the Stops 13 of the longitudinal rib 6 of the guide plate 5 over the inclined surface 43 on the rail foot 7 adjacent Slide the top edge of the longitudinal rib 6 onto the rail foot 7. The inner legs 11 of the clamping spring 3 are along the inner guide grooves 14 of the guide plate 5 led.

Rod-shaped are used as fasteners Anchor elements 15, each having a clamping spring 3 holding head 16 and an angled end 17th have, which on a within the concrete sleeper 1st stored cam 18 attacks. The cams 18 are each inserted in a plastic housing 19, with which they are used in the manufacture of the concrete sleeper 1 poured into the concrete mass. The housing 19 can be aligned obliquely so that the central axis of the anchor element 15 used therein Intersects the rail axis below the rail (see Fig. 1). The housing 19 is composed of two parts 20, 21 together, with a slight press fit through a tongue and groove connection 22 can be positively connected to one another are (see Figs. 14 and 15). In the assembled state the housing 19 forms a chamber-like section 23, which has a rectangular cross section. The Cam 18 is accordingly with an im provided substantially rectangular shaped paragraph 24, such as can be seen particularly well in FIG. 9. Paragraph 24 is in the upper area of the chamber-like Housing section 23 by four lying in one plane Support ribs 25 held so that the cam 18 in the axial direction of the anchor element 15 is fixed. On the chamber-shaped section 23 closes in the direction a tubular housing section of the threshold top 26 with a keyhole-shaped cross section one round and one essentially rectangular Has partial area 27 or 28. The rectangular one Partial area 28 is bevelled on the upper side, so that the Housing 19 in concrete just below each Recess 10 arranged for the angle guide plate 5 can be. The housing 19 is on the underside an opening 29 provided with a recess 30 in the underside of the threshold meets (see FIG. 1).

The anchor element 15 can with its angled End section 17 from the top of the concrete sleeper 1 through an elongated hole-like opening 31 within the Guide plate 5 through the channel-shaped Section 26 in the chamber-like housing section 23 be introduced. As FIG. 9 shows, the Cam 18 on a U-shaped opening 32 with the channel-shaped housing section 26 meets, so that the angled end 17 of the anchor element 15th easily pass cam 18 and on it can attack on the underside.

The cam disc 18 has a first ramp-shaped Section 33 with a relatively large slope on the passes into a first trough-shaped locking step 34. On this first locking step 34 closes a second ramped section 35, which is a smaller Has slope and into a second trough-shaped Locking step 36 passes (see. Fig. 9 to 11). The first Locking step 34 serves to lock the anchor element 15 in the pre-assembly position.

After the rail 2 between the angle guide plates 5 using the liner 4 on the Concrete sleeper 1 is placed, the epsilon-shaped Clamping springs 3 from the pre-assembly position in Pushed towards the rail 2 so that their free Press leg ends 12 onto the rail foot 7 and the leg 37 facing away from rail 2 in the longitudinal groove 38 engage the guide plate 5. In this The angled end section 17 becomes the final assembly position of the anchor element 15 then from the first latching step 34 via the second ramp-shaped section 35 into the second locking step 36 rotated and finally there again locked. The shaft of the anchor element 15 looping middle part 39 of the clamping spring 3 comes at a slight distance above the rail foot 7 lie. In this way, the rail 1 with a certain tension force pressed onto the concrete sleeper 1 (see right and left half of Fig. 1).

To secure the rail fastening against unauthorized persons The rod-shaped anchor element 15 can be released instead a railroad sleeper screw head 16 preferably a specially designed head 40 exhibit. 4 and 5 is an example of one such special anchor element 15 'shown. The head 40 this anchor element 15 'has three at about 120 ° offset polygonal attachment surfaces 41 for one appropriately trained special keys. At the The top of the head 40 is also a bore 42 arranged in the one on the special key (not shown) provided guide pin can be inserted.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

concrete sleeper

2

rail

3

Clamp spring (tension clamp)

4

liner

5

Angled guide plate

6

Longitudinal rib on the angle guide plate 5

7

rail

8th

Sloping surface on the angle guide plate 5

9

Support surface on the concrete sleeper 1

10

Recess in the concrete sleeper 1

11

Inner leg of the spring clip 3

12

free leg ends of the spring clip 3

13

Stops on the angle guide plate 5

14

inner guide troughs of the angle guide plate 5

15

anchor member

16

Square screw head

17

angled end section of the anchor element 15

18

cam

19

casing

20

first housing part

21

second housing part

22

Tongue and groove connection

23

chamber-like housing section

24

Heel on cam 18

25

support ribs

26

tubular housing section

27

round section of the tubular section 26

28

rectangular section of the tubular section 26

29

bottom housing opening

30

Recess in the concrete sleeper 1

31

Opening in the angle guide plate 5

32

U-shaped opening of the cam disk 18

33

first ramp-shaped section of the cam disk 18

34

first locking stage of the cam disk 18

35

second ramp-shaped section of the cam disk 18

36

second locking stage of the cam disk 18

37

leg of the clamping spring 3 facing away from the rail 2

38

Guide groove in the angle guide plate 5

39

Middle part of the clamping spring (tension clamp) 3

40

anchor head

41

Attachment surfaces for special tools

42

Hole in anchor head 40

Claims (18)

1. A rail fastening that can be pre-mounted on concrete railroad ties (1) or the like and is arranged on both sides of the rail (2) at the rail fastening point, wherein the respective rail fastening contains an elastic clamping spring (3) and an angular guide plate (5), wherein the guide plate (5) adjoins the rail base (7) with one side and a corresponding support surface of a recess in the concrete railroad tie (1) or the like with an inclined surface (8) on the side that faces away from the rail (2), wherein the guide plate (5) and the clamping spring (3) are held in their pre-fastening position by means of a fastening means that is anchored in the concrete railroad tie (1) or the like, and wherein the clamping spring (3) presses on the rail base (7) in the fastened position, characterized by the fact that the fastening means consists of an anchor element (15) that engages on a cam plate (18) arranged within the railroad tie (1), with said cam plate causing the clamping spring (3) to be tensioned when the anchor element (15) is turned.
2. A rail fastening according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the cam plate (18) is formed in a stepped fashion and contains at least one ramp-shaped section (33; 35).
3. A rail fastening according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the cam plate (18) contains one or more catch steps (34; 36).
4. A rail fastening according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by the fact that the cam plate (18) contains a first ascending ramp-shaped section (33) that transforms into a first catch step (34), with the first catch step being followed by a second ascending ramp-shaped section (35) that transforms into a second catch step (36), and with the first catch step (34) corresponding to a pre-fastening position and the second catch step (35) corresponding to a fastened position.
5. A rail fastening according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the ramp-shaped sections (33; 35) have different inclines.
6. A rail fastening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the anchor element (15) contains an angled end section (17) that engages on the cam plate (18).
7. A rail fastening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the anchor element (15) contains a standardized screw head (16).
8. A rail fastening according to one of claims 1-6, characterized by the fact that the anchor element (15) contains a head (40) onto which a special wrench can be positively attached, wherein commercially available wrenches cannot be positively attached to said head such that the anchor element (15) cannot be loosened by unauthorized persons.
9. A rail fastening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the cam plate (18) is held in a housing (19) arranged in the concrete railroad tie (1).
10. A rail fastening according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the housing (19) consists of plastic.
11. A rail fastening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the anchor element (15) is provided with a plastic jacket.
12. A rail fastening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the anchor element (15) is arranged in a sleeve of plastic or another electrically insulating material.
13. A rail fastening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the clamping spring (3) can be displaced from the pre-fastening position into the fastened position.
14. A rail fastening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the guide plate (5) contains a guide groove (38) into which the clamping spring (3) engages in the fastened position.
15. A rail fastening according to claim 14, characterized by the fact that the guide plate (5) contains an oblong opening (31) through which the angled end section (17) of the anchor element (15) can be inserted.
16. A rail fastening according to claim 14 or 15, characterized by the fact that the clamping spring (3) consists of a tensioning clamp which is bent such that its inner limbs (11) are looped around the anchor element (15) and overlapped by the anchor element (15).
17. A rail fastening according to claim 16, characterized by the fact that the guide plate (5) is provided with limit stops (13) that are adjoined by the free ends (12) of the tensioning clamp (3) in the pre-fastening position.
18. A rail fastening according to claim 16, characterized by the fact that the tension spring (3) consists of a tensioning clamp that is formed in the shape of a epsilon.

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