EP0807064B1 - flacon de distribution d'un produit - Google Patents
flacon de distribution d'un produit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0807064B1 EP0807064B1 EP95911373A EP95911373A EP0807064B1 EP 0807064 B1 EP0807064 B1 EP 0807064B1 EP 95911373 A EP95911373 A EP 95911373A EP 95911373 A EP95911373 A EP 95911373A EP 0807064 B1 EP0807064 B1 EP 0807064B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- neck
- seal
- bottle
- cap
- end piece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D51/18—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures
- B65D51/20—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing
- B65D51/22—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure
- B65D51/221—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening
- B65D51/226—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening the piercing or cutting means being non integral with, or not fixedly attached to, the outer closure
- B65D51/227—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening the piercing or cutting means being non integral with, or not fixedly attached to, the outer closure and further comprising a device first inhibiting displacement of the piercing or cutting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
- B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
- B65D47/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages
- B65D47/18—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages for discharging drops; Droppers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0006—Upper closure
- B65D2251/0015—Upper closure of the 41-type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0037—Intermediate closure(s)
- B65D2251/0056—Intermediate closure(s) of the 47-type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0068—Lower closure
- B65D2251/0093—Membrane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0068—Lower closure
- B65D2251/0093—Membrane
- B65D2251/0096—Membrane integral with the container
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bottle body and a bottle intended to contain a fluid product, as well that a process for manufacturing such a bottle.
- the neck Before the filling operation, the neck is generally closed with an attached seal intended to be pierced when using the bottle.
- Some of these bottles are intended to contain a sterile product, for example eye drops.
- the invention aims to provide a bottle intended to be filled with a fluid product, allowing minimize the number of operations required to filling to limit the risk of contamination.
- Another object of the invention is a method of production of a bottle according to claim 8.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a pre-assembled bottle 10 comprising a hollow body 12, intended for receive a sterile fluid product, a nozzle 14 and a cap 16.
- the assembly has a general axis of symmetry X-X assumed vertical.
- the hollow body 12 has a rear end and lower open 18 intended for its filling, and a narrowed front and top end forming a neck 20 capped by the cap 16 and on which is fitted the end piece 14.
- the body 12 further comprises a cover 22 transverse so as to hermetically seal the neck, set back from the orifice of exit from it.
- the cover 22 has essentially its surface is relatively thick and has a zone 24 of weaker mechanical resistance which weakens said seal to make it tearable.
- the zone 24 of less mechanical resistance has the shaped like a four-pointed star, such as 25, regularly distributed in the cover 22 so as to form a cross. These branches are made using a strong thinning of the corresponding areas of cover 22.
- the branches 25 of the weakening star delimit two by two in the cover 22 of the flaps retractable, such as 25A, of radially increasing width towards the periphery of the cover.
- the cover thus has four shaped flaps triangular.
- It also includes four articulation zones, such as 25B, located near the periphery of the cover 22 and each corresponding to an articulation zone for one of the flaps 25A.
- the articulation zones shown in dotted lines in Figure 2, connect two to two the radially outer ends of two 25 consecutive branches.
- the body 12 further comprises an annular seat 26 and a coaxial shoulder 28, of smaller diameter, more close to the neck 20.
- the annular seat 26 is intended for receive part of the cap 16, as will be described in detail below.
- the bottle 10 also includes means for perforation of the cover 22. According to the embodiment shown, these means are constituted by a body thrust of the flaps 25A formed by the end piece 14, fitted in the neck 20.
- the end piece 14 is axially movable in the neck 20 between a standby position and a position active tear seal and has a tail 30 tearing of this cover 22 extending the tip 14 in the neck 20.
- the tail 30 has a free end zone of circular section ending with a circular edge 31, forming a circular support area on an area additional support 31A of the flaps 25A during the tearing of the cover 22.
- the outside diameter of the tail 30 is adapted so that the complementary support area 31A of the flaps 25A cuts the branches 25 in their part radially outside.
- this zone 31A is substantially tangent to the articulation zones 25B.
- the tail 30 is extended downstream, that is to say towards the top of FIG. 1, by a nose 32 opening out towards the outside of the body 12.
- the end piece 14 is longitudinally crossed by a flow channel 34 of fluid emerging on the one hand upstream, that is to say towards the bottom of figure 1, on the free end of the tail 30, and on the other hand downstream on the free end nose 32.
- the fluid flow channel 34 comprises, near from its upstream end, a calibrated orifice 35 which defines the pressure drop in the canal.
- This orifice 35 is connected to the circular edge 31 by an area 34A of cross section gradually increasing towards the upstream orifice, giving the channel a flared shape.
- the nose 32 has at its base a shoulder annular 36 extended upstream by a skirt 38 surrounding the neck 20.
- the bottle 10 includes means for positioning of the tearing tail 30 of the endpiece 14 in the neck 20 in at least two axial positions relative.
- these means consist of successive latching means formed on the one hand by a crown of inclined notches 40 upward, projecting from the inner side of the skirt 38, and, on the other hand, two flanges 42 and 44 axially offset arranged on the external surface of the neck 20, each defining an upper ramp latching for notches 40 and delimiting two respective grooves 45 and 46.
- the shoulder 36 further comprises a set lights, such as 47, intended to facilitate the release of the notches 40.
- crown of notches on the external surface of the neck and the flanges on the internal surface of the skirt are also possible, in particular in combination with a single snap ring.
- the bottle 10 further includes a tip operation 14.
- This member is constituted by the cap 16, covering the neck 20.
- This cap 16 comprises means frangibles of inviolability and retention of the tip 14 in waiting position. These means are formed by a removable ring 48 of inviolability made as a whole with the free edge of the cap 16. The junction between the cap 16 and the tamper-evident ring 48 is ensured by at least one zone 49 of less tearable thickness, for the removal of this ring.
- the ring 48 has an annular bead internal 50 cooperating with a latching flange 52 formed on the external face of the neck 20 and defining below her a throat 53.
- the cap 16 has a second annular bead 54 similar to bead 50 of the ring 48 and intended to cooperate with the same groove 53 of the neck 20. It also has, near its upper bottom region, a set of ribs radial, such as 56, forming bearing surfaces, intended to cooperate with the shoulder 36 of the endpiece 14, and its bottom has internally a central stud 58 closing the downstream orifice of the flow channel 34 tip fluid 14.
- the end piece 14 is then engaged in the neck 20 of so that the row of notches 40 snaps into upper notch 45.
- the bottle in this position, is waterproof and the product contained in the hollow body is perfectly preserved from any contamination. Vial pre-assembled can be made sterile, so that risks of contamination during filling are minimized.
- the user removes firstly the tamper-evident ring 48. He applies a pressure on the cap in order to ensure its displacement in the space freed by the ring 48, until its annular bead 54 snaps into the groove 53, and that the end edge of the cap 16 abuts against the seat 26 of the body 12, that of the end piece coming then opposite shoulder 28.
- the cover is located on the end path of the tail 30.
- the latter causes the branches 25 of the cover 22 to rupture by pressing edge 31 on a region of the neighboring flap 25B articulation zones, folding of the flaps 25A around their articulation zone 25B and therefore the opening of the cover 22. Consequently, the communication from the upstream port of the fluid flow channel 34 with the interior of the body 12 is ensured.
- the configuration of the seal and the tail 30 limits the travel of the end piece 14 required to reliably tear the cover.
- the body 12 of the bottle 10 has in known manner a radially deformable structure to facilitate product distribution, and channel configuration of fluid flow 34 is adapted to ensure a drop by drop distribution of the product.
- the central stud 58 closes the downstream orifice of the fluid flow channel 34, on the one hand to avoid any leakage of fluid from body 12 and other share any contamination of this liquid when the seal 22 was torn.
- the base of the cap 16 can be shaped so as to be screwed onto a thread provided on the external surface of the body 12. The perforation of the seal is then carried out by gripping and rotating the cap.
- the invention is not limited to the modes of realization described.
- the seal can also present a thinned area of less mechanical resistance having other geometric shapes, for example a shape circular slightly larger in diameter than the edge 31.
Description
- la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective avec coupe partielle d'un flacon pré-assemblé conforme à l'invention ;
- la figure 2 représente une vue schématique en coupe transversale et à plus grande échelle du goulot du flacon de la figure 1 ;
- la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne 3-3 de la figure 2 ;
- la figure 4 est une vue schématique et à plus grande échelle d'une partie de l'embout et de l'opercule du flacon de la figure 1 ;
- la figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale du flacon de la figure 1 illustrant le déchirement de l'opercule.
Claims (8)
- Flacon comportant un corps de flacon en matière plastique injectée d'une seule pièce muni d'une extrémité ouverte postérieure (18) en vue de son remplissage par un produit fluide et d'une extrémité antérieure rétrécie formant un goulot (20), un opercule transversal déchirable (22) obturant de manière étanche la zone d'extrémité antérieure de ce corps, des moyens de perforation (14) de l'opercule (22) axialement déplaçables dans le goulot (20) entre une position d'attente et une position active de perforation de l'opercule (22), et un organe de manoeuvre (16) des moyens de perforation, relié au reste du flacon par des moyens frangibles (48) d'inviolabilité et de maintien des moyens de perforation (14) en position d'attente, ledit organe de manoeuvre étant formé par un capuchon (16) coiffant le goulot (20) et axialement déplaçable par rapport à celui-ci après enlèvement desdits moyens d'inviolabilité (48), ledit capuchon étant muni d'une surface d'appui (56) sur une surface en regard (36) des moyens de perforation (14), caractérisé en ce que ledit opercule (22) est venu de matière avec le corps (12) et est disposé en retrait par rapport à l'extrémité antérieure du corps (12).
- Flacon selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'opercule (22) comporte une zone amincie (24) de moindre résistance mécanique en vue du déchirement dudit opercule.
- Flacon selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la zone amincie constitue une étoile d'affaiblissement de l'opercule, notamment une étoile à quatre branches.
- Flacon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de perforation sont formés par un embout (14) monté sur l'extrémité libre du goulot (20) et traverse longitudinalement par un canal (34) d'écoulement du produit fluide, ledit embout (14) comportant une queue (30) de déchirement de l'opercule s'étendant dans le goulot (20).
- Flacon selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens d'inviolabilité (48) sont munis intérieurement d'un bourrelet (50) coopérant avec une collerette (52) ménagée sur la surface externe du flacon, le capuchon (16) comportant intérieurement un bourrelet analogue (54).
- Flacon selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps (12) et l'embout (14) comportent des moyens de positionnement dans au moins deux positions axiales relatives.
- Flacon selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'embout (14) comporte une jupe axiale (38) entourant le goulot (20), les moyens de positionnement de l'embout comportant des moyens d'encliquetage successifs entre au moins une collerette (42,44) et au moins un cran (40), situés sur la face externe du goulot (20) et sur la face interne de la jupe (38).
- Procédé de réalisation d'un flacon à opercule déchirable, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes consistant à :réaliser par injection d'un matériau plastique un corps (12) muni d'une extrémité postérieure ouverte (18) et d'une extrémité antérieure formant un goulot (20), un embout (14) traversé longitudinalement par un canal (34) d'écoulement de produit fluide, et un capuchon (16) ;le corps (12) étant fermé par un opercule (22) déchirable venu de matière avec le corps (12) et disposé en retrait par rapport à l'extremité antérieure des corps, assembler l'embout (14) sur le goulot (20) de sorte que l'embout (14) soit axialement déplaçable dans le goulot (20) entre une position d'attente et une position active de perforation de l'opercule et coiffer le goulot (20) au moyen du capuchon (16), ledit capuchon (16) étant relié au corps du flacon par des moyens frangibles (48) d'inviolabilité et de maintien de l'embout (14) en position d'attente ;remplir le corps d'un produit fluide par son extrémité ouverte (18) ; etobturer l'extrémité ouverte (18) du corps par pincement et soudage de cette extrémité ouverte.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9501175A FR2729920B1 (fr) | 1995-02-01 | 1995-02-01 | Corps de flacon et flacon de distribution d'un produit |
FR9501175 | 1995-02-01 | ||
PCT/FR1995/000252 WO1996023706A1 (fr) | 1995-02-01 | 1995-03-02 | Corps de flacon et flacon de distribution d'un produit |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0807064A1 EP0807064A1 (fr) | 1997-11-19 |
EP0807064B1 true EP0807064B1 (fr) | 1999-09-22 |
Family
ID=9475744
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95911373A Expired - Lifetime EP0807064B1 (fr) | 1995-02-01 | 1995-03-02 | flacon de distribution d'un produit |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6000578A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0807064B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE184849T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69512440T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2136839T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2729920B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996023706A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0855985A1 (fr) * | 1995-06-21 | 1998-08-05 | Elopak Systems Ag | Dispositif verseur pour recipient |
DE19710878C1 (de) * | 1997-03-15 | 1998-07-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Kartuschensystem |
CA2322974A1 (fr) * | 1998-03-05 | 1999-09-10 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Contenant avec buse |
US20030042257A1 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 2003-03-06 | Kimiyoshi Uchiyama | Plugging member and container |
FR2816600B1 (fr) * | 2000-11-13 | 2003-03-21 | Michel Faurie | Dispositif distributeur de liquides goutte a goutte |
DE10126098B4 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2004-04-29 | Uhu Gmbh & Co. Kg | Behälter zur Aufnahme und Abgabe eines fließfähigen Mediums |
JP3875523B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-19 | 2007-01-31 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | パンクシーリング剤の収容容器、及びそれを用いたパンク修理システム |
US7114635B2 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2006-10-03 | Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Contamination preventive cap |
US8403176B2 (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2013-03-26 | Allergan, Inc. | Controlled drop dispensing container |
US8011534B2 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2011-09-06 | Cool Gear International, Llc | Flavoring component holding dispenser for use with consumable beverages |
US7188750B2 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2007-03-13 | Hospira, Inc. | Blow fill sealed container with twist off top operated by overcap and method of forming the same |
US20050279761A1 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2005-12-22 | Weiler Gerhard H | Hermetically sealed container with drop control |
US7537069B2 (en) | 2004-08-16 | 2009-05-26 | Hill-Rom Services, Inc. | Home care equipment system |
WO2006023447A2 (fr) | 2004-08-16 | 2006-03-02 | Hill-Rom Services, Inc. | Fauteuil |
CA2624850A1 (fr) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-19 | Ammann Rainer | Dispositif de fermeture |
ITMO20060191A1 (it) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-17 | Lameplast Spa | Procedimento per la fabbricazione di flaconi per prodotti fluidi, particolarmente farmaceutici, medicinali e cosmetici. |
FR2911329B1 (fr) * | 2007-01-12 | 2009-04-17 | Rexam Pharma Soc Par Actions S | Ensemble de conditionnement et de distribution d'un liquide medical |
DE102008021442A1 (de) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-11-05 | Linhardt Metallwarenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg | Tubenverpackung |
US8459512B2 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2013-06-11 | Sports Pouch Beverage Co., Inc. | Re-sealable spigot for a collapsible beverage container |
US8474665B2 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2013-07-02 | Sports Pouch Beverage Co., Inc. | Re-sealable spigot for a collapsible beverage container |
AU359661S (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-12-18 | Reckitt Benckiser Brands Ltd | Cap |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3029987A (en) * | 1959-09-28 | 1962-04-17 | Container Corp | Spout with frangible diaphragm for caulking cartridge |
FR2236748A1 (en) * | 1973-07-10 | 1975-02-07 | Goiffon Ets Leon | Closure for containers with distribution nozzle - has cutting edge inside screw down cap to pierce top of tube |
DE7431341U (de) * | 1974-09-18 | 1974-12-19 | Schmalbach Lubeca | Kunststoff-Schnappdeckel |
FR2622546B2 (fr) * | 1987-05-25 | 1990-03-16 | Emballages Conseils Etudes | Dispositif de fermeture pour recipients |
BE1000760A6 (fr) * | 1987-07-27 | 1989-03-28 | Lynes Holding Sa | Dispositif de bouchon verseur. |
FR2622795B1 (fr) * | 1987-11-05 | 1994-03-25 | Kerplas Snc | Distributeur goutte-a-goutte |
US5042690A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-08-27 | Cp Packaging, Inc. | Unit dose assembly |
DE4232305C1 (de) * | 1992-09-26 | 1994-03-31 | Bernd Hansen | Kappe für Behältnisse, insbesondere Flaschen |
-
1995
- 1995-02-01 FR FR9501175A patent/FR2729920B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-02 AT AT95911373T patent/ATE184849T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-03-02 DE DE69512440T patent/DE69512440T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-02 ES ES95911373T patent/ES2136839T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-02 EP EP95911373A patent/EP0807064B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-02 US US08/875,588 patent/US6000578A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-02 WO PCT/FR1995/000252 patent/WO1996023706A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2136839T3 (es) | 1999-12-01 |
US6000578A (en) | 1999-12-14 |
FR2729920B1 (fr) | 1997-06-06 |
WO1996023706A1 (fr) | 1996-08-08 |
DE69512440T2 (de) | 2000-08-03 |
EP0807064A1 (fr) | 1997-11-19 |
FR2729920A1 (fr) | 1996-08-02 |
ATE184849T1 (de) | 1999-10-15 |
DE69512440D1 (de) | 1999-10-28 |
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