EP0802961B1 - Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen - Google Patents

Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0802961B1
EP0802961B1 EP96900311A EP96900311A EP0802961B1 EP 0802961 B1 EP0802961 B1 EP 0802961B1 EP 96900311 A EP96900311 A EP 96900311A EP 96900311 A EP96900311 A EP 96900311A EP 0802961 B1 EP0802961 B1 EP 0802961B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel oil
fuel
oil composition
engine
composition according
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Revoked
Application number
EP96900311A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0802961A1 (de
EP0802961B2 (de
Inventor
Rinaldo Caprotti
Roy D. Cole
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ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc
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Exxon Chemical Patents Inc
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Publication of EP0802961B2 publication Critical patent/EP0802961B2/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
    • C10L1/2225—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates hydroxy containing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
    • C10L1/2387—Polyoxyalkyleneamines (poly)oxyalkylene amines and derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the use of an additive for providing a low sulphur fuel oil with improved lubricity and other benefits and to fuel oil compositions containing the additives.
  • US-A-4,409,000 describes additives for normally liquid fuels for providing carburettor and engine detergency.
  • a combination of at least one hydroxyl amine of specified formula and at least one hydrocarbon soluble carboxylic dispersant is proposed for inhibiting the formation of sludge in the carburettor and engine.
  • the sole exemplification relates to the use of such combinations of ingredient in gasoline.
  • the compositions provide carburettor and engine detergency no other information is provided as to properties provided by these compositions.
  • US-A-2,527,889 describes polyhydroxy alcohol esters as primary anti-corrosion additives in diesel engine fuel
  • GB-A-1,505,302 describes ester combinations including, for example, glycerol monoesters and glycerol diesters as diesel fuel additives, for combinations being described as leading to advantage including less wear of the fuel-injection equipment, piston rings and cylinder liners.
  • GB-A-1,505,302 is, however, concerned with overcoming the operational disadvantages of corrosion and wear by acidic combustion products, residues in the combustion chamber and in the exhaust system.
  • the document states that these disadvantages are due to incomplete combustion under certain operating conditions.
  • Typical diesel fuels available at the date of the document contained, for example, from 0.5 to 1 % by weight of sulphur, as elemental sulphur, based on the weight of the fuel.
  • the sulphur content of diesel fuels has now been or will be lowered in a number of countries for environmental reasons, i.e. to reduce sulphur dioxide emissions.
  • heating oil and diesel fuel sulphur content are being harmonised by the CEC at a maximum of 0.2% by weight, and, at a second stage, the maximum content in diesel fuel will be 0.05% by weight. Complete conversion to the 0.05% maximum may be required during 1996.
  • the process for preparing low sulphur content fuels in addition to reducing sulphur content, also reduces the content of other components of the fuel such as polyaromatic components and polar components. Reducing one or more of the sulphur, polyaromatic and polar component content of the fuel creates a new problem in use of the fuel, i.e. the ability of the fuel to lubricate the injection system of the engine is reduced such that, for example, the fuel injection pump of the engine can fail relatively early in the life of an engine, failure being, e.g. in rotary distributor pumps, in high pressure fuel injection systems such as high pressure rotary distributors, in-line pumps and unit injectors and injectors. Such severe failures are not due to corrosive wear as described in GB-A-1,505,302.
  • a fuel oil composition comprising major proportion of a liquid hydrocarbon middle distillate fuel oil having a sulphur content of between 0.2% and 0.005% by weight of the fuel oil and a minor proportion of at least one hydroxy amine of formula.
  • R 1 is an alkenyl radical having one or more double bonds or an alkyl radical and containing from 12 to 50 carbon atoms, or a radical of the formula: where each of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 is independently hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical; R 8 is an alkenyl radical having one or more double bonds or an alkyl radical and containing from 12 to 50 carbon atoms; R 9 is an alkylene radical containing from 2 to 35, e.g. 2 to 6, carbon atoms; each of p, q and v is an integer between 1 and 4; and each of a, b and c may be 0, providing that at least one of a, b or c is an integer between 1 and 75.
  • a second aspect of the invention is the use of a fuel oil composition as defined in the first aspect of the invention as the fuel in a compression-ignition (diesel) engine for controlling wear rate in the injection system of the engine in operation of the engine.
  • a compression-ignition (diesel) engine for controlling wear rate in the injection system of the engine in operation of the engine.
  • a third aspect of the invention is a method of operating a compression-ignition (diesel) engine comprising providing a fuel oil composition as defined in the first aspect of the invention as the fuel in the engine thereby to control wear rate in the injection system of the engine.
  • a compression-ignition (diesel) engine comprising providing a fuel oil composition as defined in the first aspect of the invention as the fuel in the engine thereby to control wear rate in the injection system of the engine.
  • the additive in use of the composition in a compression-ignition internal combustion engine, is capable of forming over the range of operating conditions of the engine, at least partial mono- or multi-molecular layers of the additive on surfaces of the injection system, particularly the injector pump that are in moving contact with one another, the composition being such as to give rise, when compared with a composition lacking the additive, to one or more of a reduction in wear, a reduction in friction, or an increase in electrical contact resistance in any test where two or more loaded bodies are in relative motion under non-hydrodynamic lubricating conditions.
  • the inclusion of the additive in the fuel oil has been found to give rise to the further advantage that the tendency of the fuel oil to foam is markedly reduced, whereby the antifoaming agents conventionally added thereto may be reduced or even eliminated.
  • the additive which may be a single hydroxy amine compound or mixture of compounds, is capable of forming at least partial layers on certain surfaces of the engine.
  • the layer formed is not necessarily complete on the contacting surface. Thus, it may cover only part of the area of that contacting surface, for example 10% or more, or 50% or more.
  • the formation of such layers and the extent of their coverage of a contacting surface can be demonstrated by, for example, measuring electrical contact resistance or electrical capacitance.
  • An example of a test that can be used to demonstrate one or more of a reduction in wear, a reduction in friction or an increase in electrical contact resistance according to this invention is the High Frequency Reciprocating Rig test which will be referred to hereinafter.
  • the hydroxy amine compounds identified above as suitable for use in the invention must contain a group, R 1 or R 8 , attached to a nitrogen atom which is an alkyl or alkenyl group having one or more double bonds, containing 12 to 50, preferably 12 to 30, and more preferably 12 to 25 carbon atoms.
  • the hydroxy functionality is provided by at least one hydroxy alkyl group attached to a nitrogen atom, either directly (as illustrated, for example, by the moiety when a is 1, or indirectly via an oxyalkylene or polyoxyalkylene linking group (when, for example, a is 2 or more.
  • the hydroxy alkyl group and the oxyalkylene units of any linking group may contain from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with lower alkyl radicals.
  • By 'lower' alkyl is meant an alkyl group containing 6 or less carbon atoms.
  • p, q and v, if present, are equal to 1.
  • the hydroxy alkyl group and the oxyalkylene units of any linking group may together form a chain having up to 75 units including the terminal hydroxy alkyl group.
  • the number of oxyalkylene units does not exceed 10.
  • the most preferred number represented by a, b and c in the structural formula is 1 for each of a, b and when present, c.
  • radicals R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are preferably hydrogen or methyl.
  • R 9 is preferably an alkylene radical containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, which may be a straight or branched chain of carbon atoms.
  • Suitable hydroxy amines may be prepared by reaction of amine, substituted with an appropriate R 1 or R 8 group and having residual amine functionality, with an alkylene oxide, such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide.
  • Suitable ethoxyamines are commercially available from Armak Company under the trade names 'Ethomeen' and 'Ethanolomeen'.
  • concentration of hydroxy amine which is effective in significantly improving the lubricity of the fuel is extremely low and may readily be determined by the wear tests identified in the Examples. In general, a noticeable reduction in wear is observed using as little as 5 ppm of additive by weight of fuel. Preferred concentrations range from 10 ppm to 0.2% by weight. Although higher concentrations may be used the wear test should be used to determine the optimum concentration. For reasons of economics the minimum effective amount should be used. A concentration between 25 ppm and 1000 ppm is preferred.
  • the additives of the invention are effective when used with a liquid hydrocarbon middle distillate fuel oil containing not greater than 0.2% by weight of sulphur.
  • the sulphur concentration is 0.05% by weight or less, such as 0.01% by weight or less, and may be as low as 0.005% by weight.
  • the art describes methods of reducing the sulphur concentration of hydrocarbon distillate fuel oils, such methods including for example solvent extraction, sulphuric acid treatment, and hydrodesulphurisation.
  • Middle distillate fuel oils to which this invention is applicable generally boil within the range of 100°C to 500°C, e.g. 150°C to 400°C.
  • the fuel oil can comprise atmospheric distillate or vacuum distillate, or cracked gas oil or a blend in any proportion of straight run and thermally and/or catalytically cracked distillates.
  • the most common petroleum distillates are kerosene, jet fuels, diesel fuels, heating oils and heavy fuel oils, diesel fuels being preferred in the practice of the present invention for the above-mentioned reasons.
  • the heating oil may be a straight atmospheric distillate, or it may contain amounts, e.g. up to 35% by weight of vacuum gas oil or of cracked gas oils or of both.
  • the additive may be incorporated into bulk fuel oil by methods known in the art.
  • the additive may be so incorporated in the form of a concentrate comprising an admixture of the additive and a liquid carrier medium compatible with the fuel oil, the additive being dispersed in the liquid medium.
  • Such concentrates preferably contain from 3 to 75 wt %, more preferably 3 to 60 wt %, most preferably 10 to 50 wt % of the additive, preferably in solution in the oil.
  • carrier liquid examples include organic solvents including hydrocarbon solvents, for example petroleum fractions such as naphtha, kerosene and heater oil; aromatic hydrocarbons; paraffinic hydrocarbons such as hexane and pentane; alkahols; isoparaffins; and alkoxyalkanols.
  • hydrocarbon solvents for example petroleum fractions such as naphtha, kerosene and heater oil
  • aromatic hydrocarbons paraffinic hydrocarbons such as hexane and pentane
  • alkahols isoparaffins
  • alkoxyalkanols alkoxyalkanols.
  • the additives of the invention may be used singly or as mixtures of more than one additive. They may also be used in combination with one or more co-additives such as known in the art, for example the following: detergents, antioxidants (to avoid fuel degradation), corrosion inhibitors, dehazers, demulsifiers, metal deactivators, antifoaming agents, cetane improvers, cosolvents, package compatibilisers, and middle distillate cold flow improvers.
  • co-additives such as known in the art, for example the following: detergents, antioxidants (to avoid fuel degradation), corrosion inhibitors, dehazers, demulsifiers, metal deactivators, antifoaming agents, cetane improvers, cosolvents, package compatibilisers, and middle distillate cold flow improvers.
  • the Additive A was dissolved in the fuels I and II at various concentrations and the resulting compositions tested using the High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (or HFRR) test described in D. Wei and H. Spikes, Wear, Vol. 111, No. 2, p. 217, 1986; and R. Caprotti, C. Bovington, W. Fowler and M. Taylor, SAE paper 922183. SAE fuels and lubes meeting Oct. 1992, San Francisco, USA.
  • HFRR High Frequency Reciprocating Rig
  • This test is known to provide a measure of the lubricity of a fuel.
  • Additive A was added to fuel oil III at various concentrations and the antifoam performance was measured at 0°C.
  • the test used was as follows:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Brennstoffölzusammensetzung, die einen größeren Anteil eines flüssigen Kohlenwasserstoffmitteldestillatbrennstofföls mit einem Schwefelgehalt von 0,2 bis 0,005 Gew.% des Brennstofföls und einen geringeren Anteil von mindestens einem Hydroxyamin mit der Formel
    Figure 00120001
    umfaßt, wobei R1 ein Alkenylrest mit einer oder mehreren Doppelbindungen oder ein Alkylrest ist und 12 bis 50 Kohlenstoffatome enthält, oder ein Rest mit der Formel
    Figure 00120002
    ist, wobei jeder von R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 und R7 unabhängig Wasserstoff oder ein niederer Alkylrest ist, R8 ein Alkenylrest mit einer oder mehreren Doppelbindungen oder ein Alkylrest ist und 12 bis 50 Kohlenstoffatome enthält, R9 ein Alkylenrest ist, der 2 bis 35 Kohlenstoffatome enthält, jedes von p, q und v eine Zahl zwischen 1 und 4 ist und jedes von a, b und c 0 sein kann mit der Maßgabe, daß mindestens eines von a, b oder c eine Zahl zwischen 1 und 75 ist.
  2. Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, bei der der Schwefelgehalt nicht größer als 0,05 Gew.% ist.
  3. Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 2, bei der der Schwefelgehalt nicht größer als 0,01 Gew.% ist.
  4. Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der R1 oder R8, falls vorhanden, 12 bis 25 Kohlenstoffatome enthält.
  5. Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der a, b und c, falls vorhanden, 10 nicht überschreiten.
  6. Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, in der R2 bis R7 entweder Wasserstoff oder Methyl sind.
  7. Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Konzentration an Hydroxyamin 1 ppm bis 2000 ppm, bezogen auf das Gewicht des Brennstoffs, beträgt.
  8. Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der das Hydroxyamin die Formel
    Figure 00130001
    hat.
  9. Verwendung einer Brennstoffölzusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche als Brennstoff in einem kompressionsgezündeten Motor zum Kontrollieren der Verschleißrate des Einspritzsystems des Motors bei Betrieb des Motors.
  10. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines kompressionsgezündeten Motors, bei dem eine Brennstoffölzusammensetzung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 als Brennstoff in dem Motor bereitgestellt wird, um dadurch die Verschleißrate in dem Einspritzsystem des Motors zu kontrollieren.
EP96900311A 1995-01-10 1996-01-09 Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen Revoked EP0802961B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9500460 1995-01-10
GBGB9500460.2A GB9500460D0 (en) 1995-01-10 1995-01-10 Fuel compositions
PCT/EP1996/000084 WO1996021709A1 (en) 1995-01-10 1996-01-09 Fuel compositions

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0802961A1 EP0802961A1 (de) 1997-10-29
EP0802961B1 true EP0802961B1 (de) 1999-03-10
EP0802961B2 EP0802961B2 (de) 2006-03-22

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ID=10767835

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96900311A Revoked EP0802961B2 (de) 1995-01-10 1996-01-09 Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0802961B2 (de)
JP (1) JPH10512008A (de)
KR (1) KR100345016B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE177467T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69601701T3 (de)
GB (1) GB9500460D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1996021709A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10000649A1 (de) * 2000-01-11 2001-07-19 Clariant Gmbh Mehrfunktionelles Additiv für Brennstofföle
DE10012947A1 (de) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-27 Clariant Gmbh Mischungen aus Carbonsäuren, deren Derivate und hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Polymeren, sowie deren Verwendung zur Verbesserung der Schmierwirkung von Ölen
DE10012946A1 (de) * 2000-03-16 2001-10-11 Clariant Gmbh Mischungen von Carbonsäuren, deren Derivate und hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Polymeren, sowie deren Verwendung zur Verbesserung der Schmierwirkung von Ölen

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EP0869163A1 (de) * 1997-04-03 1998-10-07 Mobil Oil Corporation Verfahren zur Motorreibungsherabsetzung
US6562086B1 (en) 1997-06-26 2003-05-13 Baker Hughes Inc. Fatty acid amide lubricity aids and related methods for improvement of lubricity of fuels
DE19757830C2 (de) 1997-12-24 2003-06-18 Clariant Gmbh Brennstofföle mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung
DE19823565A1 (de) 1998-05-27 1999-12-02 Clariant Gmbh Mischungen von Copolymeren mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung
WO2000020537A1 (fr) * 1998-10-06 2000-04-13 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corporation Additif pour essence destinee a un moteur a essence a injection directe
EP0997517B1 (de) * 1998-10-27 2004-01-14 Clariant GmbH Polymermischungen zur Verbesserung der Schmierwirkung von Mitteldestillaten
DE19927561C1 (de) 1999-06-17 2000-12-14 Clariant Gmbh Verwendung hydroxylgruppenhaltiger Copolymere zur Herstellung von Brennstoffölen mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung
DE19927560C2 (de) 1999-06-17 2002-03-14 Clariant Gmbh Brennstoffölzusammensetzung
EP1116780B1 (de) 2000-01-11 2005-08-31 Clariant GmbH Mehrfunktionelles Additiv für Brennstofföle

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10000649A1 (de) * 2000-01-11 2001-07-19 Clariant Gmbh Mehrfunktionelles Additiv für Brennstofföle
DE10000649C2 (de) * 2000-01-11 2001-11-29 Clariant Gmbh Mehrfunktionelles Additiv für Brennstofföle
DE10012947A1 (de) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-27 Clariant Gmbh Mischungen aus Carbonsäuren, deren Derivate und hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Polymeren, sowie deren Verwendung zur Verbesserung der Schmierwirkung von Ölen
DE10012946A1 (de) * 2000-03-16 2001-10-11 Clariant Gmbh Mischungen von Carbonsäuren, deren Derivate und hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Polymeren, sowie deren Verwendung zur Verbesserung der Schmierwirkung von Ölen
DE10012946B4 (de) * 2000-03-16 2006-02-02 Clariant Gmbh Verwendung von öllöslichen Amphiphilen als Lösemittel für hydroxyfunktionelle Copolymere

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996021709A1 (en) 1996-07-18
EP0802961A1 (de) 1997-10-29
DE69601701D1 (de) 1999-04-15
JPH10512008A (ja) 1998-11-17
DE69601701T3 (de) 2006-08-31
ATE177467T1 (de) 1999-03-15
EP0802961B2 (de) 2006-03-22
DE69601701T2 (de) 1999-11-11
KR100345016B1 (ko) 2002-09-18
GB9500460D0 (en) 1995-03-01
KR19980701301A (ko) 1998-05-15

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