EP0800895A1 - Grinding for clothing - Google Patents

Abstract

The carding instrument (1) has fibre material fed into a filling shaft (2) in the form of dispersed and cleaned flocks, where it is taken over by a breaker or tearer. It is then fed to a drum (4) and is dispersed and cleaned by a shift cover unit (5). Fibres are then taken from the fleece located on the drum by a pick-up (7) and are formed into a carding strip (9) in an outlet part (8) consisting of several rollers. The grinding or card sharpening apparatus has a number of individual grinding components which penetrate into the points of the fitting to be ground, extending over the head parts of the points and grinding them.

Description

The invention relates to the grinding of sets, in particular but not exclusively of sets of covers of a revolving card. The invention is suitable for the installation of a grinding device in the card, but is not restricted to this, and could therefore be used in a device that is attached to a card if necessary and is to be carried from card to card. The invention is designed in such a way that the device can be used while the card is running. However, this does not represent a restriction either, the invention could be applied in a device that only works when the card is stopped.

State of the art:

The grinding of the lid set is described in "Handbook of Textile Manufacturing, Die Kurzstapelspinnerei", Volume 2: Cleaning and Carding (The Textile Institute, author: W. Klein), page 58/59. The means used for this are in principle very old, see e.g. GB 22 533 from 1895, DE 61636 from 1891 and DE 606 832 from 1933. Another proposal that the revolving cover assembly can be removed as a "module" from the machine for maintenance is in DE 2741089 from the Trützschler company listed. A more modern grinder has also been explained in JP 57-112415 (published on July 13, 1982).

In EP-C-322637 a grinding device has been presented which is constantly in use or ready for use. This device can be provided for grinding a cover set, a corresponding embodiment has been shown in FIG. 3 of EP-C-322637 and is explained below with reference to FIG. 2 of this application, which is why further treatment is not given here.

The invention:

The invention provides a grinding device, which is characterized in that a plurality of individual grinding elements are provided which penetrate between the tips of the clothing to be ground, paint over the head parts of the tips and can thereby grind. The grinding elements are preferably elastically bendable.

The grinding elements can be arranged in such a way that they are distributed over the working width of the card during operation. For this purpose, they can be carried by an elongated carrier, e.g. in such a way that each grinding element is attached to the carrier at one end and protrudes transversely to the carrier from its attachment point.

The arrangement can be made in such a way that when the grinding elements are worn out (no longer usable), they can be replaced by exchanging the carriers. For this purpose the supports can be formed as half-shells, e.g. according to the principle that was explained in connection with Figures 4 and 5 of DE utility model 94 14 196.

The grinder may comprise a carrier which is movable, e.g. rotatable, can be assembled. The carrier can be mounted in operation on the card frame by means of a holder in an approximately predetermined relationship with the revolving flat unit, e.g. such that the lids are ground during the "return".

The grinding elements, the carrier and the holder can together form a device which is installed in the card, for example in such a way that the device is put into operation with the card itself. For this purpose, the card can comprise a drive or a control for the grinding device. The device could be like this be designed so that it can be attached to the card, for example, it could include its own drive or control.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below as examples with reference to the figures of the drawings.

Fig. 1

eine Kopie der Figur 1 aus EP Patentanmeldung Nr.96 101 466 vom 2.2.1996,

Fig. 2

eine Kopie der Figur 3 aus EP-C-322 637,

Fig. 3 bis 5

Kopien der Figuren 3 bis 5 aus dem vorerwähnten DE Gebrauchsmuster 94 14 196,

Fig. 6

eine erste Ausführung der Erfindung in der Form einer Modifikation der Anordnung nach den Figuren 3 bis 5,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung eines einzelnen Drahtstückes, von vorne betrachtet, um die Schleifwirkung zu veranschaulichen,

Fig. 8

eine schematische Darstellung des gleichen Drahtstückes von der Seite betrachtet,

Fig. 9

eine schematische isometrische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführung, wobei die Figur 9A ein Detail aus der Figur 9 darstellt,

Fig. 10

eine schematische isometrische Darstellung einer dritten Ausführung, wobei die Figur 10A ein Detail aus der Figur 10 darstellt, und

Fig. 11 bis 13

weitere Alternative für Schleifelemente nach dieser Erfindung.

It shows:

Fig. 1

1 a copy of FIG. 1 from EP patent application No. 96 101 466 from February 2, 1996,

Fig. 2

a copy of Figure 3 from EP-C-322 637,

3 to 5

Copies of Figures 3 to 5 from the aforementioned DE utility model 94 14 196,

Fig. 6

1 a first embodiment of the invention in the form of a modification of the arrangement according to FIGS. 3 to 5,

Fig. 7

1 shows a schematic representation of a single piece of wire, viewed from the front, to illustrate the grinding effect,

Fig. 8

a schematic representation of the same piece of wire viewed from the side,

Fig. 9

2 shows a schematic isometric illustration of a second embodiment, FIG. 9A representing a detail from FIG. 9,

Fig. 10

2 shows a schematic isometric illustration of a third embodiment, FIG. 10A representing a detail from FIG. 10, and

11 to 13

another alternative for grinding elements according to this invention.

1 schematically shows a revolving flat card 1 known per se, for example card C50 from the applicant. The fiber material is fed into the filling shaft 2 in the form of dissolved and cleaned flakes, taken over as a wadding by a breeze or licker-in 3, transferred to a drum or drum 4 and dissolved and cleaned by a traveling cover set 5, which follows a closed path via deflection rollers 6 is driven in the opposite or the same direction to the direction of rotation of the drum 4. Fibers from the nonwoven fabric located on the reel 4 are then removed by a pickup 7 and formed into a card sliver 9 in an outlet section 8 consisting of different rollers. This card sliver 9 is then deposited in a cycloidal manner from a sliver holder 10 into a transport can 11. The revolving cover set 5 comprises revolving cover rods which are not shown individually in FIG. 1, but are indicated with the reference symbol 13 in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3. Each rod 13 is provided with a set 14.

The covers 13 in the revolving cover set 5 move in a "lead" from an entry point E to a discharge point A. The carding work is carried out during the lead. The lids are cleaned on the "return" at a cleaning point 60 - the cleaning device is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 3. Then e.g. at position 62, the covers 13 are ground according to EP-C-322 637, as will be explained with reference to FIG. 2.

Fig. 2 shows a grinding device 32 which is acted on the revolving flat bars 13. The grinding device 32 comprises a trough-shaped container with two side walls 33 and a cover plate 34. The free edges 36 of the walls 33 run parallel to the grinding device 32 which is in contact with the revolving cover 13 or perpendicular to it Direction of movement of the clothing 14. A support 37 designed as a flexible band is attached to the free edges 36 and extends along the entire length of the cover 13 (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing). On its side facing the revolving cover 13, the carrier 37 has an abrasive coating which, for example, can consist of fine abrasive particles, in particular diamond powder. The carrier 37 can be, for example, a metallic thin strip, a fabric or plastic with an abrasion coating, which adapts to the local irregularities, ie the geometric shape of the surface defined by the tooth tips of the clothing, but is not deformed by the grinding forces. In addition, it must not form folds.

A hose 38 made of elastic material closed at both ends extends inside the trough-shaped container 33, 34 over its entire length. The hose 38 can be filled with a fluid of the desired pressure through a valve 39. In operation, the hose 38 thus exerts the same pressure at every point on the carrier 37. The carrier 37 is thereby pressed over its entire length against the cover 13 and therefore lies evenly on the clothing 14 with its abrasive coating. As a result, there is also the fact that even in the event of irregularities in the height of the tooth tips of the clothing 14, there is a uniform contact of the band 37 over the entire length of the cover 13. This is because the zones of the carrier 37 moving into an elevation or depression can only carry out their movement if, at the same time, zones adjacent to these zones carry out movements which are parallel to the carrier 37, i. 2 have horizontal movement components.

The grinding device shown is only able to treat the outer end faces of the wires of the cover set. Although the conventional grinders work similarly, the treatment is not at least for certain types of clothing advantageous. In addition, the relative movement between the abrasive and the clothing is too slow if one relies on the movement of the lids 13.

Fig. 3 shows a cleaning device with a pivotable device 16, which is irrelevant for this invention and is not described here. In addition, the cleaning device comprises a brush 51 provided with bristles 50 and rotating at a predetermined speed, the bristles 50 of which, on the one hand, reach to the bottom of the clothing 14 of the cover 13 and, on the other hand, into the pivoting region 52 (shown schematically by a dash-dotted circular line) of the pivotable device 16 are sufficient, which, as can be seen from the figures, is equipped with clothing wires.

This engagement of the bristles 50 in the swivel range mentioned cleans the device 16 during the cleaning movement clockwise, as seen in FIG. 3.

The bristles are provided in a row and are preferably arranged helically. The brush 51 extends over the entire working width. A flat bar 13, which leaves the device 16, soon comes into contact with the brush 51, which therefore carries out a second cleaning step.

A hood 55 delimits a suction area 54. A suction line 56 opens into this area and can be integrated (e.g.) in a system according to EP-A-394 831 or EP-A-583 219. Dust and flight which are whirled up by the bristles 50 now reach the suction area 54 and are removed via the suction line 56. Of course, the suction effect also carries away material that is eliminated from the device 16.

A preferred embodiment of the brush 51 is shown schematically in FIGS. 4 and 5 and is described below, it having to be said that the brush 51 (FIG. 3) is rotated via a shaft 57 by means of a drive (not shown). The shaft 57 is supported in bearings (not shown) that are in the side plates 20 are mounted. The shaft 57 can therefore not be easily removed from its carrier. The brush 51 is, however, a wearing part that has to be replaced occasionally.

Basically, the brush consists of a sleeve 59 (FIG. 3) and the aforementioned bristles 50, which are carried by the sleeve and extend away from the sleeve 59 in the radial direction. 4, the sleeve 59 is formed from two "half-shells" 59A, of which the end parts of a half-shell are shown from the side in FIG. 5. Each half-shell has an outer cylindrical outer surface 62 and an inner cylindrical surface 63 which, when installed, fits snugly on the shaft 57. The two half-shells which together form a sleeve 59 are identical, both with regard to the structure of the sleeve part 59A itself and with regard to the arrangement of the blind holes 60 (FIG. 5) which accommodate the bristles 50. It is therefore not necessary to choose "a pair" of such half-shells 59A to form a brush 51 - every two half-shells match each other as well as any other. The bristles of two assembled half-shells 59A are therefore not oppositely opposed to one another - they are arranged such that by rotating the brush 51 through 180 ° about the longitudinal axis of the shaft 57, the bristles 50 of one half-shell 59A are in the previous positions of the bristles 50 of the other Enter half-shells 59A.

The half-shells 59A are each provided with fastening means in the form of through bores 61. This allows bolts (not shown) to be passed through to connect the half-shell to the shaft 57. For this purpose, the shaft 57 has two rows of bores (not shown), each with an internal thread, the bores of these rows mating with the bores 61. However, alternative (preferably easily detachable) fastening means can be provided.

Of course, more than two longitudinal parts can be used to form the brush 51. The simple solution with two half-shells offers significant advantages over more complicated constructions.

FIG. 6 shows a first embodiment according to the present invention, which is formed as a modification of the arrangement according to FIGS. 3 to 5. Accordingly, a flat bar 13 (including clothing 14), the sleeve 59 and the bristles 50 (if still present) are shown again schematically in FIG. 6. The direction of movement of the flat bar 13 and the direction of rotation of the sleeve 59 are indicated by arrows.

As is customary when garnishing card covers, the garnish 14 is designed as a flexible or as a semi-rigid garnish (see the aforementioned manual for textile manufacture, volume 2, page 52), the individual garnish elements 40 made of wire (flat wire or round wire), each with a so-called Knee 41 are formed. The bristles 50 penetrate to the bottom of the clothing 14, i.e. down to the surface of the rod 13 from which the wires 40 protrude in order to clean the clothing thoroughly. In this case, however, only half of the circumference of the sleeve 59 is covered with bristles 50, the other half carries grinding elements 42, as will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. In this case, the sleeve 59 serves as a carrier for the grinding elements 42, which together with their carrier and its holder form a grinding device according to the invention.

In this embodiment, the grinding elements 42 are at least similar to the bristles 50 in that they are formed as elongated, elastically bendable elements which project approximately radially from the outer surface of the sleeve 59. The grinding elements 42 are also more flexible than the wires 40, so that in the case of contact with such an element with a rotating piece during a relative movement of the element and the wire, the grinding element 42 must give way. The elements 42 are, however, significantly shorter than the bristles 50, so that they only the "head parts" of the clothing wires 40 (above the respective knees 41) - see also FIGS. 7 and 8. The speed of the free end region of each element 42 is nevertheless greater than the speed of the clothing wires 40 in the direction of movement 15. As the grinding elements 42 are moved past the clothing elements 40, they therefore penetrate into the clothing, its free end regions being deflected on both sides of the head parts of the wires (FIG. 7).

The head section of each wire element is provided with a side grinding, i.e. side surfaces 43 (FIGS. 7 and 8) converge outward in the radial direction to form an end edge 44. Each time the grinding elements 42 sweep past the surfaces 43, the side surfaces 43 are polished or ground. The aggressiveness of the polishing or grinding effect depends on the design of the grinding elements and the speed of the relative movement. The optimal effect for a given wire type can be determined empirically.

• die Reinigungswirkung nimmt ab, weil die Hälfte der Borsten 50 "fehlen",
• es ist allenfalls nicht möglich, durch die Einstellung der Drehzahl der Welle 57 (Fig. 3) sowohl die Reinigungs- wie auch die Schleifwirkung zu optimieren,
• es ist nicht möglich, das Schleifen allein "abzustellen", z.B. um ein periodisches Schleifen (nach einem gesteuerten "Stop/Go" Verfahren) zu ermöglichen. Ein solches Verfahren ist z.B. in EP-A-565 486 beschrieben worden.

The solution according to FIGS. 6 to 8 has certain advantages when retrofitting existing cards. The "infrastructure" (ie the carrier, in the form of a sleeve 59, its holder, in the form of the shaft 57 and its mounting and the associated drive, not shown here) already exist. Furthermore, the design can easily be implemented in that a "half-shell" according to FIGS. 4 and 5 is provided with grinding elements 42 instead of bristles 50. The lid cleaning is constantly in use (as long as the card is running), the lid wires are "constantly" ground accordingly. However, certain disadvantages also have to be accepted:

• the cleaning effect decreases because half of the bristles 50 are "missing",
• at most it is not possible to optimize both the cleaning and the grinding effect by adjusting the speed of the shaft 57 (FIG. 3),
• it is not possible to "switch off" the grinding alone, for example to enable periodic grinding (according to a controlled "stop / go" procedure). Such a method has been described, for example, in EP-A-565 486.

In certain cases, it will therefore prove to be more advantageous to provide a separate infrastructure in the card for the grinding, in particular a separate holder for the carrier (on which the grinding elements 42 are attached) and a separate (possibly controllable) drive. This enables a relative speed of the grinding elements to the wires of more than 15 m / sec (e.g. 20 m / sec) to be achieved. Such a relative speed is not optimal for a cleaning bristle. The grinding point is thereby separated from the cleaning point and is preferably viewed after the cleaning point in the direction of movement 15 (FIG. 6). If a control program for grinding the lids is desired, it can be integrated in the card control. However, if the grinding device is independent of the cleaning device, it does not have to have a sleeve 59 as a carrier and it does not have to be arranged in a rotatable manner. The relative movement between the grinding elements and the wires can hardly be accomplished solely by the movement of the wires in the direction 15 (Fig. 6), i.e. it is usually not enough that the holder of the grinding device fix the grinding elements to the card frame.

As a further alternative, however, the grinding elements could be moved linearly along the path of movement of the flat bars 13, this arrangement could lead to problems because it is generally undesirable for the grinding elements to hit the free end of a wire first. After a grinding stroke in such a direction that the grinding elements approach or sweep over the free end of each wire "from behind", the grinding elements would at best have to be "pulled out" and returned to the beginning of a stroke, which is cumbersome and therefore costly also requires a relatively large amount of space in the revolving flat unit, which is why the carrier for the grinding elements is preferably rotatable in the card held, regardless of whether it is formed by half-shells 59A or as a cylindrical sleeve. For the sake of simplicity, FIGS. 9 and 10 only show the latter option.

The variant according to FIG. 9 comprises a helical arrangement of grinding elements 42 along a cylindrical carrier. Each element is formed as a bristle 45 (see in particular the detail - FIG. 9A). The bristles 45 are shorter than the bristles 50 of the embodiment according to FIG. 6 and the free end area of each bristle 45 is coated with an abrasive to form an abrasive area (grinding body). The coating consists e.g. of hard particles 46 (abrasive grains, diamond grains or the like) which are attached to the bristle 45 by adhesive. The helical row of elements 42 extends over the entire length of the beam and therefore over the entire working width. On the side of the sleeve 59 which is not visible in FIG. 9, a second row of grinding elements can be arranged in mirror image to the first row.

The variant according to FIG. 10 likewise comprises a helical arrangement of grinding elements 42, this time in the form of grinding flaps 47 (see in particular FIG. 10A), which are also coated with an abrasive in the form of hard (grinding) particles. The fins 47 can e.g. can be formed from "sandpaper".

The embodiment according to FIG. 11, which is only partially shown, corresponds to the variants according to FIGS. 9 and 10 in that it is formed by coating a base body. 11 the base body is present as a disk 48, both side surfaces of the disk being coated with hard particles in order to form “emery disks”. The disks can be ring-shaped and have a varying thickness in the radial direction, so that they are thinner on the outer edge and thicker on the inner edge. The inner portion of each disc can be attached to a support (not shown) which is rotatably mounted in the machine. The attachment is accomplished in such a way that the disks 48 also rotate when the carrier is rotated. Form your outer (relatively thin) border areas 7 resiliently bendable grinding areas, which work similarly to the free ends of the elements 42 in the solution according to FIG. 7, ie they dodge when touching the head part of a wire, but graze over the side surfaces 43 and grind them.

The solutions according to FIGS. 12 and 13 are designed differently in that they do not have any coatings, but rather use an "aggressive" design of the base body itself. For this purpose, the surface of each of the elastically bendable bodies (or "flexible fingers") is "profiled", in one case (FIG. 12) by longitudinal ribs 49A and in the other case by transverse ribs 49B. The material of the element or finger should be chosen relatively hard compared to the metal of the wire to be ground, e.g. Steel bristles.

The previous description assumed that the grinding device should be installed in the card. However, the invention is not restricted to this. The card could e.g. only have attachment points where a holder of the grinding device can be attached. The device itself could then be carried from card to card and only assembled and put into operation on a specific card if necessary. Such a device could have its own drive in order to rotate the carrier which carries the grinding elements, or could merely have a coupling in order to enable a temporary connection to the drive of the machine.

The preferred solution comprises a grinding device with its own "infrastructure" (carrier, drive, etc.) and with grinding elements according to FIG. 9, the carrier 59 preferably being "fully equipped" (instead of merely with individual helical rows of grinding elements), i.e. is filled with grinding elements practically over the entire circumference.

Claims (13)

Grinding device for a clothing, characterized in that a large number of individual grinding elements are provided which penetrate between the tips (clothing elements) of the clothing to be ground, paint over the head parts of the tips and can grind them in the process. Grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding elements are elastically bendable. Grinding device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grinding elements can be arranged such that they are distributed over the working width of the card during operation. Grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that the grinding elements are carried by an elongate carrier, preferably such that each grinding element is attached to the carrier at one end and protrudes from its fastening point transversely to the carrier. Grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that the arrangement is such that when the grinding elements are used up (no longer usable), they can be replaced by replacing the carrier. Grinding device according to claim 5, characterized in that the carriers are formed from half-shells. Grinding device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the carrier can be mounted to be movable, for example rotatable, during operation. Grinding device according to claim 7, characterized in that the carrier can be mounted in operation on the card frame by means of a holder. Grinding device according to claim 8, characterized in that the carrier can be mounted in an approximately predetermined relationship with the revolving lid assembly, e.g. such that the lids are ground during the "return". Grinding device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the carrier and the holder together form a device which is built into the card, e.g. such that the device itself is put into operation with the card. Card with a device according to claim 10, characterized in that the card comprises a drive or a control for the grinding device. Card according to claim 11, characterized in that the drive for the grinding device is arranged such that the grinding elements are moved in such a direction that the grinding element comes into contact with a clothing element to be ground before the free end of the clothing element is swept. Card with a device according to claim 10, characterized in that the device is integrated in a cover cleaning system.

Images