EP0800190B1 - Leistungsschalter - Google Patents

Leistungsschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0800190B1
EP0800190B1 EP97810126A EP97810126A EP0800190B1 EP 0800190 B1 EP0800190 B1 EP 0800190B1 EP 97810126 A EP97810126 A EP 97810126A EP 97810126 A EP97810126 A EP 97810126A EP 0800190 B1 EP0800190 B1 EP 0800190B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
compression
breaker according
volume
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97810126A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0800190A1 (de
Inventor
Lukas Dr. Zehnder
Robert Anderes
Bodo Dr. Brühl
Christian Dähler
Ion Gavrilita
Kurt Dr. Kaltenegger
Joachim Stechbarth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Hochspannungstechnik AG
Original Assignee
ABB Hochspannungstechnik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0800190A1 publication Critical patent/EP0800190A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0800190B1 publication Critical patent/EP0800190B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/904—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism characterised by the transmission between operating mechanism and piston or movable contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/80—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7038—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/80—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve
    • H01H33/82—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve the fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a circuit breaker is e.g. in DE-A-2 316 008.
  • a circuit breaker which has an arcing chamber with two fixed, spaced-apart erosion contacts.
  • the quenching chamber is filled with an insulating gas, preferably SF 6 gas under pressure.
  • an insulating gas preferably SF 6 gas under pressure.
  • the bridging contact concentrically surrounds the cylindrical erosion contacts.
  • the bridging contact and the two erosion contacts form a power current path which is only subjected to current when it is switched off.
  • the bypass contact slides down from a first of the erosion contacts and draws an arc, which initially burns between the first erosion contact and the end of the bypass contact facing it.
  • the pressurized insulating gas required for the blowing is generally generated by means of a blowing piston connected to the movable bypass contact.
  • This circuit breaker also points in parallel to the Power current path has a nominal current path that at open circuit breaker carries the operating current.
  • the nominal current path is concentric around the power current path arranged.
  • the bridging contact is here with one movable, arranged in the nominal current path Nominal current contact mechanically rigidly connected.
  • the rated current path is interrupted first The current to be interrupted then commutates to the Power current path, where then, as described above Arc is initiated and then extinguished.
  • the bypass contact points due to its Dimensions, a comparatively large mass to be moved to accelerate the first when switching and then slow down.
  • the circuit breaker drive must provide the necessary energy for this.
  • Another circuit breaker is known from the published patent application DE 31 27 962 A1, which has an arcing chamber with two fixed, spaced-apart erosion contacts.
  • the quenching chamber is filled with an insulating gas, preferably SF 6 gas under pressure.
  • an insulating gas preferably SF 6 gas under pressure.
  • the bridging contact concentrically surrounds the cylindrical erosion contacts.
  • the bypass contact is also designed here as a nominal current contact. Opening this circuit breaker is similar to the circuit breaker described above.
  • This bridging contact also shows, due to its dimensions, a comparatively large one to move Mass on that accelerate when switching and is to be slowed down.
  • the circuit breaker drive must provide the necessary energy for this.
  • CH 651 420 is a circuit breaker known, which has a fixed blowing volume, in which is generated by a pressure source, under high pressure standing insulating gas is fed. The high pressure will degraded when entering the blowing volume, so that for the Blowing the arc is only a comparative low blowing pressure is available.
  • the circuit breaker is with a high pressure injection provided, which a targeted increase in blowing pressure in the arc zone allowed.
  • the high pressure injection takes place directly in the arc zone, which makes a special intense blowing of the arc becomes possible. It will in the circuit breaker according to the invention with simple Average reached comparatively high blowing pressures.
  • the circuit breaker has fixed, with a Bridging contact connected erosion contact arrangements on. Since the bridging contact inside the AbbrandANDanan extract is arranged, he can with a advantageously small diameter and thus with a particularly small mass can be executed.
  • the Bridging contact is here as a simple switching pin formed, which has no resilient contact elements, it is therefore comparatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • This circuit breaker comes with a comparative high switch-off speed, since the comparatively small mass of the bridging contact too with a comparatively small and inexpensive Drive effectively accelerated and at the end of the Switch-off movement can also be braked reliably.
  • the moving nominal current contact becomes much slower than moving with him over a speed reducing lever linkage connected switching pin.
  • the Lifetime of the nominal current contacts is, because of the smaller mechanical stress, advantageously increases what the Availability of the circuit breaker significantly improved.
  • the movable nominal current contact is also in one volume housed by the area of the Circuit breaker, in the hot gases generated by the arc and combustion particles occur, is completely separated. These hot gases and combustion particles can therefore Do not adversely affect the nominal current contacts, causing their Stability and thus their lifespan advantageous is increased.
  • Circuit breaker according to the invention results from that the erosion contact arrangements and partly also the Housing parts made of identical parts mirrored to one Plane of symmetry are built.
  • the Circuit breaker at least one compression unit with at least one first piston-cylinder arrangement, which have at least two pistons connected in series has, of which a first compression piston insulating medium in a first compression volume pre-compressed, and a second compression piston that precompressed isolating medium in a second, from first compression volume separated, compression volume further compressed.
  • This further compressed isolating Medium is directly in through at least one injection channel introduced the center of the arc zone.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematically represented section through the contact zone 1 of the quenching chamber Embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention when switched on.
  • the arcing chamber is centric arranged symmetrically about a central axis 2.
  • This central axis 2 extends cylindrically trained, metallic switching pin 3, which by means of a Drive, not shown, along the central axis 2 is mobile.
  • the switching pin 3 has a dielectric conveniently shaped tip 4, which if necessary with a electrically conductive, burn-resistant material can be.
  • the Switch pin 3 an electrically conductive distance a between two erosion contact arrangements 5.6.
  • the erosion contact arrangement 5 has a schematic shown contact basket 7, the electrically conductive with a shoulder of a plate-shaped carrier 8 Metal is connected.
  • the contact basket 7 has contact fingers made of metal, which resiliently on the surface of the Put switch pin 3 on.
  • On the the The erosion contact arrangement 6 facing the side of the carrier 8 is a burning plate 9 using one of the known Method has been connected to this carrier 8 in such a way that the ends 10 of the contact fingers are protected against erosion are.
  • the erosion plate 9 is preferably made of graphite manufactured, but it can also be made electrically from others conductive, fire-resistant materials such as sintered tungsten copper connections exist.
  • the one Carrier 8 is facing away from the surface of the erosion plate 9 by means of a ring-shaped cover 36 a burn-resistant insulating material against Arc exposure protected.
  • the Cover 36 prevents the arc base from closing migrates far into the storage volume 17.
  • the structure of the erosion contact arrangement 6 corresponds to that of FIG Burn-up contact arrangement 5, however it is arranged in mirror image to this.
  • a dash-dotted one Line 11 indicates the level of reflection.
  • the Burn-up contact arrangement 6 has a schematic shown contact basket 12, the electrically conductive with a shoulder of a plate-shaped carrier 13 is connected from metal.
  • the contact basket 12 has Contact fingers made of metal, which resiliently on the Place the surface of the switch pin 3.
  • On the Burning contact arrangement 5 facing side of the carrier 13 is a burning plate 14 using one of the known Process associated with this carrier 13, namely so that the ends 15 of the contact fingers against erosion are protected.
  • the erosion plate 14 is preferably made of Made of graphite, but it can also be made from others electrically conductive, fire-resistant materials such as for example sintered tungsten copper compounds consist.
  • the surface facing away from the carrier 13 Burning plate 14 is formed by means of a ring Cover 41 made of a fire-resistant insulating material protected against arcing.
  • the Cover 41 prevents the arc base from closing migrates far into the storage volume 17.
  • the two Covers 36 and 41 form in this variant an annular nozzle channel, the narrowing of the distance a having.
  • the carriers 8 and 13 are concentric central axis 2 arranged annular partition 16 Insulated material clamped.
  • the carriers 8 and 13 and the Partition 16 close an annular one Storage volume 17, which for storing the for the blowing of the arc provided pressurized insulating gas is designed.
  • the carrier 8 represents an end face of a cylindrical, completely enclosed by metallic walls Exhaust volume 18 represents.
  • the carrier 13 is an end face of a cylindrical shape, completely of metallic walls enclosed exhaust volume 19. If a nominal current path is provided, this represents in the the circuit breaker is in the on state electrically conductive connection between the metallic Walls of the two exhaust volumes 18 and 19.
  • the carrier 13 is provided with a bore 20 which a schematically illustrated check valve 21 is closed.
  • a line 22 is connected to the bore 20 connected, which is the one with the switching pin 3 in Actively connected piston-cylinder arrangement in a Switch-off process compressed insulating gas to the storage volume 17 leads.
  • An inflow of the pressurized insulating gas in the storage volume 17 is only then possible if a lower pressure in the storage volume 17 prevails than in line 22.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematically represented section through the contact zone 1 of an embodiment of the Arcing chamber of a circuit breaker according to the invention while switching off.
  • the switching pin 3 has in the course its switch-off movement in the direction of arrow 27 between the erosion plates 9 and 14 drawn an arc 23.
  • the Arc 23 impinges on the insulating gas surrounding it thermal and thereby temporarily increases the pressure in it inside between the erosion contact arrangements 5 and 6 located and designated as the arc zone 24 of the Arcing chamber.
  • the pressurized insulating gas is in the Storage volume 17 temporarily stored. Part of the however, pressurized insulating gas flows on the one hand through an opening 25 into the adjacent exhaust volume 18 and on the other through an opening 26 into the adjacent one Exhaust volume 19 from.
  • the switching pin 3 is with a piston-cylinder arrangement connected, in which insulating gas during a switch-off process is compressed.
  • This compressed insulating gas is like an arrow 28 indicates through the line 22 in the Storage volume 17 initiated when in storage volume 17th the pressure is lower than in line 22.
  • a pressure relief valve 29 and Excess pressure is injected into the exhaust volume 18 reduced.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial section through a with blowing coils 30 and 31st provided contact zone of an inventive Circuit breaker in the open state.
  • the blow coil 30 is in a recess of the Carrier 8 embedded, the one winding end 32 a has bare metallic contact surface, which by means of a screw 33 against the bright metallic surface of the Carrier 8 is pressed.
  • the winding end 32 is thus electrically conductively connected to the carrier 8. Between the remaining surface of the blow coil facing the carrier 8 30 and the carrier 8 is electrical insulation 34 intended.
  • This insulation 34 also distances the Winding coils 30 from each other.
  • the other Winding end 35 of the blow coil 30 is electrically conductive with the burn plate 9 connected.
  • the facing away from the carrier 8 Surface of the blow coil 30 and part of the surface of the Burning plate 9 is made from a cover 36 burn-resistant insulating material against Arc exposure protected.
  • the blow coil 31 is in a recess of the carrier 13 embedded, the one winding end 37 a metallic has bare contact surface, which by means of a screw 38 against the bare metal surface of the carrier 13 is pressed.
  • the winding end 37 is thus electrical conductively connected to the carrier 13.
  • the surface of the blow coil 31 facing the carrier 13 and electrical support 39 is provided on support 13. This insulation 39 also distances the turns of the Blow coil 31 from each other.
  • the other winding end 40 of the Blow coil 31 is electrically conductive with the erosion plate 14 connected.
  • the surface facing away from the carrier 13 Blow coil 31 and part of the surface of the erosion plate 14 is by means of a cover 41 from a burn-resistant insulating material against Arc exposure protected.
  • the two blow coils 30 and 31 are arranged such that the generated by these blow coils 30 and 31 Mutually reinforce magnetic fields.
  • the blow coils 30 and 31 can be in any of the variants of the present Circuit breaker are used.
  • the two covers 36 and 41 form one in this embodiment annular nozzle channel, the narrowing of the distance a has, and which widens in the radial direction until it merges into the storage volume 17.
  • FIG. 4 shows a greatly simplified section through a circuit breaker according to the invention, shown schematically, in the right half of the figure the circuit breaker is shown in the switched-on state, in the left half of the figure the circuit breaker is shown in the switched-off state.
  • the circuit breaker is constructed concentrically around the central axis 2.
  • the exhaust volume 18 filled with insulating gas under pressure, preferably SF 6 gas, is enclosed by the carrier 8, a cylindrical housing wall 42 connected to it and a sealing cover 43 opposite the carrier 8 and screwed to the housing wall 42 in a pressure-tight manner.
  • the closure cover 43 is provided in the center with a cylindrical flow deflection 44 extending in the direction of the opening 25.
  • the housing wall 42 and the closure cover 43 like the carrier 8, are generally made of an electrically highly conductive metal.
  • the housing wall 42 is pressure-tightly connected to a cylindrical insulating tube 45.
  • the insulating tube 45 is pressure-tightly connected to a further cylindrical housing wall 46.
  • the housing wall 46 is of exactly the same design as the housing wall 42, but is arranged in mirror image to it, the dash-dotted line 11 indicating the plane of reflection.
  • the insulating tube 45 is arranged concentrically with the insulating partition 16. This housing wall 46 is connected to the carrier 13.
  • the exhaust volume 19 filled with insulating gas under pressure, preferably SF 6 gas, is enclosed by the carrier 13, the housing wall 46 connected to it and a cover 47 opposite the carrier 13 and screwed to the housing wall 46 in a pressure-tight manner.
  • the cover 47 is provided with a cylinder 48 in the center.
  • the housing wall 46 and the cover 47 like the carrier 13, are generally made of an electrically highly conductive metal.
  • a distance b is provided between the two housing walls 42 and 46.
  • the housing wall 42 is provided on the outside with attachment options for power connections 49.
  • the housing wall 46 is also provided on the outside with attachment options for power connections 50.
  • the insulating tube 45 is arranged in an annular recess formed by the two housing walls 42 and 46, as a result of which the tensile forces caused by the pressure in the exhaust volumes 18 and 19 and which stress the insulating tube 45 in the axial direction are minimized. As a result of this recessed arrangement, the outer surface of the insulating tube 45 is particularly well protected against damage in transit.
  • a compression piston 51 slides in the cylinder 48 is connected to the switching pin 3.
  • the compression piston 51 is designed and made with piston rings Insulation material provided that no stray currents from the Flow switch pin 3 into the wall of cylinder 48 can.
  • the compression piston 51 compresses at Switch-off movement of the switching pin 3 in the cylinder 48th insulating gas.
  • the compressed insulating gas flows through the schematically illustrated lines 22 and 22a in the storage volume 17 when the pressure conditions in allow this volume. If in this cylinder 48 If the compression pressure is too high, it can through a pressure relief valve, not shown, into the Exhaust volume 19 are broken down into it.
  • the compression piston 51, the lines 22 and 22a and that Check valve 21 can be used with other possible Variants of this circuit breaker too be omitted.
  • the switching pin 3 is by a not shown Drive moves. At least one on the switching pin 3 Lever 52 hinged. One end of the lever 52 is rotatable in a bearing 52a connected to the switching pin 3 held. The other end of the lever 52 is rotatable here slidably mounted in the housing wall 46. With the Lever 52 is a rocker 53 rotatably connected, which the Force exerted by lever 52 on a hinged rod 54 transmits. The rod 54 moves parallel to the direction the central axis 2, it is here in the housing wall 46 and guided in the carrier 13 with low friction. The other end of the Rod 54 is shown schematically as a triangle shown finger basket 55 connected. The finger basket 55 serves as a holder for a variety of spring-loaded Contact fingers 56.
  • the contact fingers 56 form in switched on state the moving part of the Circuit breaker rated current path.
  • the contact fingers 56 bridge the distance b electrically in this position conductive. The current through the circuit breaker then flows for example from the power connections 49 through the Housing wall 42, through the contact fingers 56 and Housing wall 46 to the power connections 50.
  • the lever linkage which each consist of a lever 52, one Swing arm 53 and a rod 54 are designed so that the drive generated, not shown, comparatively high switch-off speed of the Switch pin 3, which in the range of 10 m / sec to 20 m / sec is implemented in about ten times smaller Switch-off speed of the finger basket 55 of approximately 1 m / sec up to 2 m / sec.
  • This slower movement of the Finger basket 55 is the mechanical stress of the same and also that of the contact fingers 56 advantageously small, so that these components are comparatively light and low in mass can be carried out because they do not have a large mechanical Have to withstand stress.
  • the switching pin 3 is on the one hand with the help of the Cylinder 48 sliding compression piston 51 and on the other hand in a guide part 58.
  • the guide part 58 is with the carrier by means of star-shaped ribs 13 connected. Here too, it is structurally ensured that no stray currents from the switching pin 3 into the guide part 58 can flow.
  • Circuit breakers are the contact elements each as Common parts formed, which are arranged in mirror image are.
  • the use of equal parts is cheaper advantageous the manufacturing cost of the circuit breaker and also simplifies warehousing for it Spare Parts.
  • FIG. 5 shows a first, greatly simplified partial section by a first embodiment of an inventive Circuit breaker, this interface compared to the 1 to 4 shown by 90 ° the central axis 2 is rotated.
  • the circuit breaker in the on state shown in the right half of Fig.5 is the Circuit breakers after driving about one Third of the switch-off stroke shown.
  • the Circuit breaker is constructed with two identical Compression units 60 and 61 for the compression of the Insulating gas provided which is rigid with the carrier 13th are connected. It is also possible to have only one Compression unit 60 to provide or a variety from them.
  • the compression units 60 and 61 are so in the carrier 13 admitted that the exiting from them Injection channels 62 and 63, which in the arc zone 24th flow out, are designed as short as possible so that they have low dead volume.
  • the injection channel 62 is the Compression unit 60 assigned, the injection channel 63 assigned to the compression unit 61.
  • the axis of the Injection channels 62 and 63 usually penetrate that Center of the arc zone 24 because of this orientation of the injection channels 62 and 63 the insulating gas under pressure Arc 23 can blow most effectively. It is also imaginable that these axes are not in the center of the Hit arc zone 24.
  • the pressurized insulating gas can also be in an annular channel can be passed, the arc zone 24th concentrically surrounds. Then lead from this ring channel a plurality of injection channels distributed around the circumference into the arc zone 24.
  • the compression unit 60 is cylindrical, she has an axis running parallel to the central axis 2 64 and a first compression volume 65, which in the switched on state of the circuit breaker is greater, as a downstream second compression volume 66.
  • Das first compression volume 65 is replaced by a first Compression piston 67 is applied.
  • the second Compression volume 66 is replaced by a second Compression piston 68 acted upon.
  • the two Compression pistons 67 and 68 are in the usual way Piston and sealing rings, not shown fitted.
  • the second compression piston 68 penetrates the first compression piston 67 sliding and sealed in its center.
  • the second compression volume 66 facing side of the second compression piston 68 is how can be seen more clearly from FIG. 7, on the surface with provided longitudinal grooves 69.
  • the dimensions of the first compression volume 65 are based on the dimensions of the second compression volume 66 so that a sufficiently high blowing pressure for blowing the Arc 23 is generated.
  • the first compression piston 67 is by means of a articulated rod 70 moves.
  • the rod 70 is at the other Articulated end with a fixed on a gear 71 Bearing point 72 connected.
  • the second compression piston 68 is moved by means of a hinged rod 73.
  • the pole 73 is articulated at the other end with one on gear 71 attached bearing point 74 connected.
  • the gear 71 has a center 75, which is rotatable in the housing wall 46 is stored.
  • the ring gear of the gear 71 engages in one rack embedded in the surface of the switch pin 3 76 a. If the switching pin 3 is in the switch-off direction, So in the direction of arrow 27, it moves driven by this gear 71 in the direction of the arrow 77 and the compression unit 60 is driven thereby.
  • the compression unit 61 is cylindrical, she has an axis running parallel to the central axis 2 78 and a first compression volume 79.
  • the two Axes 64 and 78 lie in one plane with the central one Axis 2.
  • the first compression volume 79 is in the switched on state of the circuit breaker greater than a downstream second compression volume 80.
  • Das first compression volume 79 is replaced by a first Compression piston 81 acted upon.
  • the second Compression volume 80 is replaced by a second Compression piston 82 acted upon.
  • the two Compression pistons 81 and 82 are in the usual way Piston and sealing rings, not shown fitted.
  • the second compression piston 82 penetrates the first compression piston 81 sliding and sealed in its center.
  • the second compression volume 80 facing side of the second compression piston 82 is how can be seen more clearly from FIG. 7, on the surface with provided longitudinal grooves 69.
  • the dimensions of the first compression volume 79 are based on the dimensions of the second compression volume 80 so that a sufficiently high blowing pressure for blowing the Arc 23 is generated.
  • the first compression piston 81 is by means of a articulated rod 83 moves.
  • the rod 83 is on the other Articulated end with a fixed on a gear 84 Bearing point 85 connected.
  • the second compression piston 82 is moved by means of a hinged rod 86.
  • the pole 86 is articulated at the other end with one on gear 84 attached bearing point 87 connected.
  • the gear 84 has a center 88, which is rotatable in the housing wall 46 is stored.
  • the ring gear of the gear 84 engages in one rack embedded in the surface of the switch pin 3 89 a. If the switching pin 3 is in the switch-off direction, So in the direction of arrow 27, it moves driven by this gear 84 in the direction of the arrow 90 and the compression unit 61 is driven thereby.
  • FIG. 7 shows a third, greatly simplified Partial section through a third embodiment of a Circuit breaker according to the invention, this arrangement is based on that shown in Fig.5 on the right Arrangement. It also shows some constructive details of the Compression units 60 and 61, the 5 and 6 because of of the comparatively small scale there more difficult are removed.
  • the compression units 60 and 61 have each have a housing 91 in which cylinder for the respective first 67 or 81 and second compression pistons 68 and 82 are incorporated.
  • the first Compression volume 65 or 79 limiting cylinders each have a wall through which bores 92 pass becomes.
  • the holes 92 are positioned so that they are in the the circuit breaker switched on the first Compression volume 65 or 79 with the exhaust volume 19 connect so that the insulating gas fills up this volume can, this corresponds to that in Fig.5 on the left position shown. As soon as the switch-off movement of the Switching pin 3 begins in the direction of arrow 27, closes the respective first compression piston 67 or 81 these bores 92 and the first compression volume 65 or 79 is complete.
  • FIG. 7 also shows in the course of the injection channel 63 schematically indicated pressure relief valve 93, which is only after exceeding a predetermined threshold of Pressure of the insulating gas in the second compression volume 80 the outflow of this high-pressure insulating gas through the injection channel 63 into the arc zone 24 allows.
  • These threshold values can range around 100 bar lie. It is ensured that both the Injection channel 63 and the pressure relief valve 93 have the smallest possible dead volume in order to reduce it the pressure of the flowing high pressure Avoid insulating gas so that the whole in the Compression unit 61 generated pressure for blowing the Arc 23 is available.
  • the the first compression piston would be a closed ring formed in an annular first Compression volume would work.
  • the second Compression pistons could also be used as an annular piston be formed, which in a correspondingly designed second compression volume would work. It is also imaginable that the first compression piston as closed ring is formed while the second Compression pistons from a variety of individual, on this ring distributed single pistons, which in a corresponding number of cylindrically shaped second Sliding compression volumes is built up.
  • FIG. 8 is a fourth, greatly simplified partial section through a fourth embodiment of an inventive one Circuit breaker shows.
  • a solenoid valve 95 is provided upstream of the injection channel 63 leading away. This solenoid valve 95 is actuated electromagnetically by the higher-level protection of the system in the event of an impending fault current shutdown, in particular in the event of a short-circuit shutdown, so that the pressurized insulating gas is injected directly into the arc zone 24 through the injection channel 63 at the right moment.
  • the solenoid valve 95 is closed again after a predetermined opening time in order to keep the consumption of the high-pressure insulating gas low. However, there is also the possibility of opening this solenoid valve 95 with each switch-off, regardless of the size of the switch-off current.
  • This high pressure container 94 is provided with a pressure monitor, not shown.
  • An eye 96 is incorporated into the high-pressure container 94, to which a pressure line 97 is connected, through which fresh SF 6 gas is fed under high pressure into the high-pressure container 94, which in each case replaces the used SF 6 gas.
  • the insulating gas additionally fed into the circuit breaker when switching must be removed and processed again from the exhaust volumes 18 and 19 after switching in order to avoid overloading the pressurized housing parts.
  • Processing device 98 will generally work at earth potential in addition to the circuit breaker, so that its supply line (not shown) and pressure line 97 must be made at least partially of insulating material in order to be able to bridge the potential difference.
  • the embodiment of the Circuit breaker can be removed by omitting cylinder 48 and the compression piston 51 can be simplified.
  • the Management function that the compression piston 51 for the Switch pin 3 would have to be replaced by another one Component are provided.
  • the pressure generation in the Arc zone 24 can be with the help of blow coils, as in 3 are shown, in particular also in the Time range of the shutdown where the pressure injection is still is not fully effective, can be improved advantageously.
  • the design variants shown here can be adapted to the respective operating requirements, any can be combined with each other.
  • the circuit breaker in which the Pressure injection at normal operational Switching off is not triggered, it makes sense that caused by the thermal effect of the arc 23 Targeted increase in blowing pressure generation.
  • This rotation is usually achieved by one or more blow coils in known manner in the area of the contact zone Circuit breaker can be installed.
  • the magnetic field the blow coils cause the arc 23 to rotate.
  • the present circuit breaker could have the blow coils each set into a recess in the carrier 8 or 13 as shown in Fig.3.
  • FIG. 9 shows a fifth, greatly simplified Partial section through a fifth embodiment of a Circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • the high pressure tank 94 is closed here by an injection valve 99, which directly and depending on the stroke of the switching pin 3 is controlled.
  • This injection valve 99 is activated each time it is switched off so that it opens at the right moment and, according to a given Opening time, closes again securely. That in the Circuit breaker additionally fed when opening Insulating gas must also come out of here again after switching Exhaust volumes 18 and 19 are removed and processed, to overload the pressurized housing parts avoid.
  • the removed insulating gas is in a Processing device 98 cleaned, then again with Pressurized and through the pressure line 97 in the High pressure tank 94 fed back.
  • This Design variant is especially for as a generator switch circuit breakers used, which in operation in usually only a comparatively small number of circuits To run.
  • the arc 23 is very quick because of the Switch-off movement of the switching pin 3 comparatively quickly reach its full length so that shortly after the Contact separation the full arc energy available stands for the pressurization of the insulating gas in the Arc zone 24.
  • the arc 23 impacts it surrounding insulating gas thermally and thereby increases briefly the pressure in the arc zone 24 of the arcing chamber.
  • the pressurized insulating gas is in the storage volume 17th saved temporarily. Part of the pressurized However, insulating gas flows through an opening 25 on the one hand into the exhaust volume 18 and on the other hand through an opening 26 into the exhaust volume 19.
  • the switching pin 3 is, however usually with a single-stage piston-cylinder arrangement connected, in which insulating gas during a switch-off process is compressed. This compressed insulating gas will in addition to the thermally generated pressurized Insulating gas through line 22 into storage volume 17 initiated.
  • the effective blowing pressure in the arc zone 24 is at this version of the circuit breaker additionally the high pressure injection, which directly into the Arc zone 24 takes place, significantly increased.
  • the blowing the arc 23 is particularly effective here.
  • the bores 92 are open and the insulating gas, here for example SF 6 gas, which is generally pressurized to about 6 bar, fills the first compression volume 65 or 79 with this pressure.
  • the switching pin 3 drives the gearwheels 71 and 84, respectively.
  • the gear wheels 71 and 84 each rotate in the direction of the associated arrows 77 and 90.
  • the lever linkage is actuated via the bearing 52a, which moves the contact fingers 56 of the rated current path in the direction of switching off.
  • the right half of Fig.5 shows how the Bearing point 87, in which the second compression piston 82nd moving rod 86 is supported by a dead center running.
  • the second compression piston 82 returns here Direction of movement around, it now moves upwards.
  • the first compression piston 81 keeps its direction of movement still with and thereby increases the pressure in the first Compression volume 79 further.
  • the grooves 69 always connect still the first compression volume 79 with the second Compression volume 80.
  • the switching point is shown where the second Compression piston 68 so far in the second Compression volume 66 has slipped in that the grooves 69 are just closed, so from now on none Pressure equalization between the two volumes more possible is.
  • the intermediate pressure in the first 65 and in the second Compression volume 66 has now risen by ten to ten Fifteen times the initial pressure.
  • the bearing point 72 of the Rod 70 is now also in a dead center position, and the first compression piston 67 returns Direction of movement.
  • the second compression piston 82 compresses the Intermediate pressure in the second compression volume 80 further ten to fifteen times until it reaches its end position reached.
  • the first compression piston 67 was there moved down, the pressure in the first compression volume 65 corresponds approximately to that in the end position shown Outlet pressure of 6 bar.
  • the blowing of the arc 23 can be varied in different ways. As already stated, it can be supported by blow coils 30 and 31 and also by SF 6 gas which is additionally compressed in a one-stage piston-cylinder arrangement and which is introduced into the storage volume 17. In addition, the high-pressure injection can be graded as desired and optimally adapted to the respective operating conditions of the circuit breaker.
  • circuit breaker As a compressed insulating medium can present circuit breaker also insulating Liquids are used. It can prove to be prove sensible, not directly into the arc zone 24 to inject. Especially with liquefied gases it may be cheaper to put this in the first Inject storage volume 17.
  • circuit breaker designs with high-pressure containers 94 can also be modified by blow coils 30 and 31 and also by SF 6 gas compressed in a single-stage piston-cylinder arrangement, which is introduced into the storage volume 17, so that these circuit breakers also optimally meet the respective operating requirements can be customized.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is for Switchgear in the medium-voltage range is particularly good suitable.
  • the compact cylindrical version of the Circuit breaker is particularly suitable for installation in metal-encapsulated systems, especially for installation in metal-encased generator leads.
  • the Circuit breaker very suitable for the replacement of outdated circuit breakers since it, at the same or better breaking capacity, a much smaller one Space requirements than this are usually at one such retrofitting no complex structural changes necessary. If the circuit breaker for operating voltages should be used above about 24 kV to 30 kV, so The distances a and b must be increased and the required Voltage must be adjusted, if necessary also the Switch-off speed of the switching pin 3 accordingly adjusted, i.e. increase.
  • the switch-on speed of the switching pin 3 is included this circuit breaker in the range 5 m / sec to 10 m / sec, while the contact fingers 56 of the movable Rated current contact with a switch-on speed, corresponding to that of the speed-reducing Lever linkage specified values, in the range of 0.5 m / sec move to their switch-on position up to 1 m / sec.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP97810126A 1996-04-04 1997-03-06 Leistungsschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0800190B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19613569A DE19613569A1 (de) 1996-04-04 1996-04-04 Leistungsschalter
DE19613569 1996-04-04

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EP0800190A1 EP0800190A1 (de) 1997-10-08
EP0800190B1 true EP0800190B1 (de) 2000-08-30

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US (1) US5902978A (ko)
EP (1) EP0800190B1 (ko)
JP (1) JPH1031944A (ko)
KR (1) KR100445851B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1087480C (ko)
CA (1) CA2200388C (ko)
DE (2) DE19613569A1 (ko)
RU (1) RU2189656C2 (ko)
UA (1) UA42020C2 (ko)

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DE19837945A1 (de) * 1998-08-21 2000-02-24 Asea Brown Boveri Schaltanordnung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE10006167B4 (de) * 2000-02-11 2009-07-23 Abb Schweiz Ag Leistungsschalter
ATE349067T1 (de) * 2004-08-23 2007-01-15 Abb Technology Ag Hochleistungsschalter mit bewegungsumkehr
DE502004011745D1 (de) * 2004-08-23 2010-11-18 Abb Technology Ag Schaltkammer und Hochleistungsschalter
US7292422B2 (en) * 2004-11-29 2007-11-06 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Occupancy-based circuit breaker control
US7210974B1 (en) 2006-03-03 2007-05-01 Pennsylvania Breaker Llc Slip-on linkage
US20070205086A1 (en) * 2006-03-03 2007-09-06 Pennsylvania Breaker Llc Linkage for reaction force control
DE102009013337B4 (de) * 2009-03-16 2011-01-27 Schaltbau Gmbh Lichtbogenresistenter Schütz
US9012800B2 (en) * 2010-02-04 2015-04-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas circuit breaker
DE102010020979A1 (de) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Druckgas-Leistungsschalter
WO2011151476A1 (es) 2010-05-31 2011-12-08 Ormazabal Y Cia., S.L. Interruptor de corte en gas
US9299507B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2016-03-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas circuit breaker
US9165732B2 (en) * 2011-08-30 2015-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas circuit breaker
WO2013057808A1 (ja) 2011-10-19 2013-04-25 三菱電機株式会社 ガス遮断器
EP2791958B2 (en) 2011-12-13 2019-07-17 ABB Schweiz AG Circuit breaker with fluid injection
CN104126213B (zh) 2012-03-16 2016-08-24 三菱电机株式会社 气体断路器
US9064659B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2015-06-23 Sensata Technologies Massachusetts, Inc. Circuit interruption device with constrictive arc extinguishing feature
FR3003956B1 (fr) * 2013-03-29 2015-08-07 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Procede et dispositif pour la localisation de defaut electrique dans un systeme modulaire de distribution electrique sous-marin
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EP3149757B1 (en) 2014-06-02 2018-08-08 ABB Schweiz AG High voltage puffer breaker and a circuit breaker unit comprising such a puffer breaker
FR3039924B1 (fr) * 2015-08-07 2019-05-10 Supergrid Institute Appareil de coupure mecanique d'un circuit electrique
CN106783417B (zh) 2015-11-23 2020-08-11 森萨塔科技公司 断路器
CN105390335B (zh) * 2015-12-17 2018-06-29 中国西电电气股份有限公司 一种增加热膨胀效应的自能灭弧室
FR3049386B1 (fr) * 2016-03-24 2018-04-20 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Appareil electrique de coupure d'un courant electrique dans l'air comportant un dispositif de filtrage des gaz de coupure ameliore
CN205621690U (zh) * 2016-03-30 2016-10-05 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 小型断路器
RU170596U1 (ru) * 2016-12-19 2017-05-05 Владимир Максимович Буртовой Дугогасительное устройство
CN111403231B (zh) * 2020-03-13 2022-04-08 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 混合式灭弧室
CN114618824A (zh) * 2022-03-17 2022-06-14 湖南亿胜新材料有限公司 一种精制石英砂酸洗提纯装置
CN117558579B (zh) * 2024-01-11 2024-03-22 宁波天安智能电网科技股份有限公司 一种高压控弧开关及其工作方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5902978A (en) 1999-05-11
CA2200388C (en) 2005-01-04
UA42020C2 (uk) 2001-10-15
CA2200388A1 (en) 1997-10-04
KR100445851B1 (ko) 2004-10-14
DE19613569A1 (de) 1997-10-09
RU2189656C2 (ru) 2002-09-20
KR970071884A (ko) 1997-11-07
CN1087480C (zh) 2002-07-10
EP0800190A1 (de) 1997-10-08
CN1167993A (zh) 1997-12-17
DE59702266D1 (de) 2000-10-05
JPH1031944A (ja) 1998-02-03

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