EP0798511B1 - Heizkessel und Verfahren zu seinem Betreiben - Google Patents
Heizkessel und Verfahren zu seinem Betreiben Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0798511B1 EP0798511B1 EP97104267A EP97104267A EP0798511B1 EP 0798511 B1 EP0798511 B1 EP 0798511B1 EP 97104267 A EP97104267 A EP 97104267A EP 97104267 A EP97104267 A EP 97104267A EP 0798511 B1 EP0798511 B1 EP 0798511B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- heating boiler
- axial
- exhaust gas
- secondary air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
- F23B5/04—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in separate combustion chamber; on separate grate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B7/00—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus
- F23B7/002—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements
- F23B7/005—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements with downdraught through fuel bed and grate
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the Preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the Invention a boiler according to the preamble of Claim 3.
- the flue gases can be particularly advantageous after their swirling in two essentially axial and parallel longitudinal flows through two essentially cylindrical, arranged downstream of the flue gas inlet Suck areas out of the combustion chamber.
- the device mentioned at the outset has the solution to task set the features of the invention characterizing part of claim 3.
- the flue gas duct forms a narrowest cross section, so to speak of the system in which a correspondingly high speed prevails. This leads - as in the case of known device - for a very good interference of Secondary air in the pyrolysis flue gases.
- the mixture occurs then radially into the combustion chamber and hits the opposite combustion chamber wall on the axial inner rib.
- the mixture flow divides and forms the two opposing longitudinal vertebrae, which are at their axial Hike through the entire combustion chamber mutually penetrate and thereby an extremely even and cause low-emission combustion.
- the flue gas duct as Axial slot opens into the combustion chamber. This will cause this End of the combustion chamber, which is closed in the axial direction is already having a certain axial length of the combustion chamber the mixture consisting of the flue gases and the secondary air acted upon, with a relatively thin, broadband gas flow, which is divided into broadband, splits even thinner longitudinal eddy currents. This too helps to make the combustion even.
- the secondary air duct to at least one side of the Axial slot runs essentially parallel to this and is connected to it by at least one slot nozzle.
- the secondary air preheated in this way is removed by the Slit nozzle into the flue gas duct at a relatively high speed sucked in at a point where in this also has a relatively high flow rate prevails. It happens before entering the combustion chamber So to a very good mixing, which is encouraged by it can be that the slot nozzle in the flow direction the smoke is inclined.
- edges of the axial slot are advantageously rounded inwards so that the opposite Vortex in the upper area towards the center of the combustion chamber are pressed downwards and thus in the area of the Combustion chamber center meet. This also promotes the mixing.
- the cross section of the combustion chamber at least in the range of Flue gas routing essentially circular or elliptical is trained. Especially with circular cross sections excellent results have been achieved. But also the elliptical shape leads to very good mixing.
- the axial inner rib advantageously extends essentially over the entire length of the combustion chamber, so that the opposite vortex formation up to the end of the combustion chamber stops.
- the Area of the combustion chamber assigned to the flue gas duct downstream connect two substantially cylindrical areas that on both sides of the plane defined by the axial inner rib run parallel to each other up to the end of the combustion chamber.
- the gas flow is thus within the combustion chamber divided into two parallel firing zones, in which the turbulence continues.
- the combustion chamber is preferably below the filling space arranged, the flue gas duct essentially runs vertically. In this way, a special one arises favorable design and a uniform gas flow in the Footwell of the filling room, especially if the flue gas duct starts from the center of the filling chamber floor.
- the boiler according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has a filling space 1 in which solid fuel 2 is pyrolyzed.
- a primary air duct 3 opens in the filling chamber 1 is only indicated schematically here.
- the combustion chamber 4 is over with the filling chamber 1 a flue gas duct 5 connected.
- the mouth of the flue gas duct 5 lies at the right end of the combustion chamber 4, at which this is closed.
- the smoke gases leave the Combustion chamber 4 at its left open end.
- the combustion chamber 4 is also supplied with secondary air via a secondary air duct 6, which is only schematic in FIG. 1 is shown, but results more clearly from FIG. 2.
- a suction fan 7 creates a vacuum in that Space in which the combustion chamber 4 opens. This leads to, that flue gases from the filling room 1 through the flue gas duct 5 are sucked into the combustion chamber 4. At the same time, primary air flows through the primary air duct 3 sucked through into the filling chamber 1. Secondary air sucked in through the secondary air duct 6.
- Fig. 2 shows that the secondary air duct 6 from two channels exists, the flue gas duct 5 parallel on both sides run to this, the flue gas guide 5 in this Area is designed as an axial slot.
- the connection of the Secondary air duct 6 with the flue gas duct 5 consists of Slot nozzles 8, which are inclined in the flow direction of the flue gas are. So it happens before entering the combustion chamber 4 for an intimate mixing of the flue gases with the secondary air.
- the flue gas guide 5 opens radially into the combustion chamber 4.
- the combustion chamber has an axial inner rib opposite it 9 on, which has a sharp-edged back and rounded merges into the combustion chamber wall.
- the interior of the Incidentally, the combustion chamber is circular.
- combustion chamber 4 essentially is elliptical, apart from the axial Inner rib 9 and that the edges 10 of the slot-shaped exhaust duct 5 rounded inwards are.
- the opposite longitudinal vortices are therefore in the upper Area more towards the center of the combustion chamber directed where there is a particularly intensive mixing is coming.
- combustion chamber 4 is only in that The area is elliptical, that of the flue gas duct 5 is assigned. Close to this area downstream two cylindrical areas 11 which the swirling Divide the flue gas flow into two partial flows. The latter run parallel to each other on both sides to that of the axial Inner rib 9 defined level.
- the combustion chamber is 4th arranged centrally below the filling space 1, since this too an inexpensive slim design and an even one Gas extraction leads from the filling room.
- the combustion chamber can also be located to the side of the filling chamber.
- the cross section of the combustion chamber can change over their length and also the axis of the Combustion chamber to incline limited to the horizontal.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Heizkessel;
- Fig. 2
- einen Teilschnitt entlang der Linie II-II in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3
- eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform in einer Darstellung nach Fig. 2;
- Fig. 4
- eine weitere abgewandelte Ausführungsform in einer Darstellung nach Fig. 2.
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Heizkessels, wobeifeste Brennstoffe unter Zugabe von Primärluft pyrolysiert werden,die entstehenden Rauchgase durch Zugabe von Sekundärluft und unter Verwirbelung durch eine langgestreckte, im wesentlichen horizontale Brennkammer hindurchgesaugt werden,die Sekundärluft den Rauchgasen vor Eintritt in die Brennkammer zugegeben wird undin der Brennkammer zwei gegenläufige, im wesentlichen parallelachsige Längswirbel erzeugt werden,daß die Längswirbelerzeugung durch eine axiale Längsrippe gefördert wird, die auf der Innenseite der Brennkammer dem Rauchgaseintritt gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist, unddaß die Rauchgase an einem Ende der Brennkammer eingeführt und am anderen Ende abgesaugt werden, so daß eine vollständige axiale Durchströmung der Brennkammer erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rauchgase nach ihrer Verwirbelung in zwei im wesentlichen axialen und parallelen Längsströmen durch zwei im wesentlichen zylindrische, stromab des Rauchgaseintritts angeordnete Bereiche hindurch aus der Brennkammer herausgesaugt werden.
- Heizkessel zum Verbrennen von festen Brennstoffen, miteinem Füllraum (1) zum Pyrolysieren der Brennstoffe,einer im Füllraum mündenden Primärluftführung (3),einer langgestreckten Brennkammer (4) mit im wesentlichen horizontalen Achse,einer Rauchgasführung (5), die das untere Ende des Füllraums (1) mit der Brennkammer (4) verbindet,einem mit einem Ende der Brennkammer (4) in Verbindung stehenden Saugzuggebläse (7) undeiner die Brennkammer (4) versorgenden Sekundärluftführung (6),
wobei die Sekundärluftführung (6) in der Rauchgasführung (5) und diese radial in der Brennkammer (4) mündet,daß die Brennkammer (4) eine der Rauchgasführung (5) gegenüberliegende axiale Innenrippe (9) aufweist unddaß die Rauchgasführung (5) an demjenigen Ende in die Brennkammer (4) mündet, welches dem mit dem Saugzuggebläse (7) in Verbindung stehenden Ende entgegengesetzt ist, so daß eine vollständige axiale Durchströmung der Brennkammer erfolgt. - Heizkessel nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die axiale Innenrippe (9)einen scharfkantigen Rücken aufweist und gerundet in die Brennkammerwand übergeht.
- Heizkessel nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rauchgasführung (5) als Axialschlitz in der Brennkammer (4) mündet.
- Heizkessel nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sekundärluftführung (6) mindestens zu einer Seite des Axialschlitzes im wesentlichen parallel zu diesem verläuft und durch mindestens eine Schlitzdüse (8) mit ihm verbunden ist.
- Heizkessel nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schlitzdüse (8) in Strömungsrichtung der Rauchgase geneigt ist.
- Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ränder (10) des Axialschlitzes gerundet nach innen eingezogen sind.
- Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt der Brennkammer (4) mindestens im Bereich der Rauchgasführung (5) im wesentlichen kreisförmig oder elliptisch ausgebildet ist.
- Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die axiale Innenrippe (9) im wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge der Brennkammer (4) erstreckt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19612045 | 1996-03-27 | ||
DE19612045A DE19612045A1 (de) | 1996-03-27 | 1996-03-27 | Heizkessel und Verfahren zu seinem Betreiben |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0798511A2 EP0798511A2 (de) | 1997-10-01 |
EP0798511A3 EP0798511A3 (de) | 1998-08-12 |
EP0798511B1 true EP0798511B1 (de) | 2001-05-30 |
Family
ID=7789541
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97104267A Expired - Lifetime EP0798511B1 (de) | 1996-03-27 | 1997-03-13 | Heizkessel und Verfahren zu seinem Betreiben |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0798511B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE201759T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19612045A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0798511T3 (de) |
NO (1) | NO308754B1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7498102B2 (en) | 2002-03-22 | 2009-03-03 | Bookeun Oh | Nonaqueous liquid electrolyte |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT410254B (de) * | 2000-09-01 | 2003-03-25 | Froeling Heizkessel Und Behael | Brennkammer für einen mit festbrennstoffen beheizbaren kessel |
DE102006009335A1 (de) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg | Heizkessel, insbesondere für Bio-Festbrennstoffe |
EP1983258A3 (de) * | 2007-03-13 | 2010-03-31 | Central Boiler Inc. | Mit Holz betriebener Kessel |
EP2615369B1 (de) * | 2012-01-16 | 2019-05-29 | Decona Holding B.V. | Heizvorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE216131C (de) * | ||||
DE3345202A1 (de) * | 1983-12-14 | 1985-06-20 | Franklin 8901 Kissing Schmidt | Vorrichtung zur herabsetzung der taupunkttemperatur von abgasen |
CH678652A5 (de) * | 1989-04-28 | 1991-10-15 | Heitzmann Ag | |
AT400180B (de) * | 1990-01-10 | 1995-10-25 | Froeling Heizkessel Und Behael | Festbrennstoffbeheizter unterbrand-kessel |
DE4007849C3 (de) * | 1990-03-12 | 1999-10-07 | Hermann Hofmann | Ofen für Festbrennstoffe |
EP0563499A1 (de) * | 1992-03-31 | 1993-10-06 | Liebi Lnc Ag | Holzvergaserkessel |
-
1996
- 1996-03-27 DE DE19612045A patent/DE19612045A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-03-13 AT AT97104267T patent/ATE201759T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-13 EP EP97104267A patent/EP0798511B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-13 DK DK97104267T patent/DK0798511T3/da active
- 1997-03-17 NO NO971225A patent/NO308754B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7498102B2 (en) | 2002-03-22 | 2009-03-03 | Bookeun Oh | Nonaqueous liquid electrolyte |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19612045A1 (de) | 1997-10-02 |
ATE201759T1 (de) | 2001-06-15 |
NO971225L (no) | 1997-09-29 |
EP0798511A2 (de) | 1997-10-01 |
EP0798511A3 (de) | 1998-08-12 |
DK0798511T3 (da) | 2001-08-27 |
NO308754B1 (no) | 2000-10-23 |
NO971225D0 (no) | 1997-03-17 |
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