EP0787841B2 - Production method of a carding sliver with a carding machine and carding machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a card sliver with a carding machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a carding machine according to the preamble of claim 16. The preamble of claim 1 and the preamble of claim 16 take into account the prior art according to EP 0 627 508 A1, which will be explained below.

The conventional rollover card is provided on each side with a so-called flexible arch, which is adjustable relative to the corresponding side plate to adjust the carding nip (between the set of flat bars and the set of the spool). The adjustment can be done manually according to DE-Gbm 9313633.

It is also known in today's Wanderdeckelkarden, for example, in the card C50 of the patent applicant, that the quality of the card sliver produced is checked at regular intervals with a laboratory device. The Garneturzahn is visually inspected by the spinning master. If, on the basis of his observations and the duration of operation, he determines that the quality falls below a specified standard, the card must be shut down so that the teeth of the spool and possibly also of the trim set can be reground. Often this work is carried out by the clothing manufacturers in the context of service contracts.

After grinding, the existing carding clearance, which has become larger as a result of the wear and the grinding, must then be readjusted. For this purpose, three to five control elements are usually provided on the flexible sheet on each card side. The carding distance is measured and adjusted with a Blattlehre at different points. This work is known to be time consuming and cause downtime of up to one day on a single card. It goes without saying, however, that the spinning mills want to utilize the operating times of the machines as fully as possible and therefore try to minimize the service lives for machine overhauls. In many spinning mills, therefore, this revision work is carried out only at the last moment, that is, when the quality of the card sliver produced is almost sufficient or even below the tolerance. In view of this unsatisfactory situation, the Applicant has presented various proposals for automatic grinding of the spool set in the European patent applications EP A = 497736 and EP-A-0 565 486. In the last document, for example, a control is provided for the use of a grinding element in periodic Arbeftsintervallen. By means of automatic grinding, the quality of the produced card sliver can be maintained over a certain period of time and within a certain tolerance range. However, it is still necessary to adjust the carding distance by hand.

From EP 0 627 508 A1 a card is known which comprises a spool and comprises parts which are adjustable and preferably nominally spaced, such as a briseur, a stationary cover, a revolving cover or a tote. To check the existing or Advised set distance between the spool and the opposing said parts, a sensor is provided. The feeler may be disposed on the side of the assembly or in an area located between the sides of the spool and the probe may be carried by a flat rod.

In addition to the means for checking said distance, a setting actuator and an actuator influencing control is also provided, which processes said distance signal to control the actuators. In this case, the actuator system can be provided for setting a stationary cover element or for adjusting the flexible bend, etc.

It is an object of the present invention to further reduce the adjustment work on the card without any loss of quality on the card sliver produced.

This object is achieved procedurally by the features of claim 1 and Vorrichtsungsmässig by the features of claim 16.

Preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention or the carding machine according to the invention can be found in the subclaims and in the following description.

• Fig. 1 eine Wanderdeckelkarde nach dem Stand der Technik, anhand welcher die vorliegende Erfindung verdeutlicht wird,
• Fig. 2 schematisch einen Flexibelbogen einer Wanderdeckelkarde mit motorisch verstellbaren Stellelementen und einer erfindungsgemässen Steuerung,
• Fig. 3 eine graphische Darstellung des Verlaufs des Abnutzungsgrades an Arbeitselementen der Wanderdeckelkarde, die dem Steuerungsprogramm einer Maschine nach Fig. 2 zugrunde gelegt werden kann,
• Fig. 4 eine Modifikation derverstelleinrichtung nach der DE-Gbm 93 13 633,
• Fig. 5 eine Kopie der Fig. 2 der EP-A-565 486 mit Ergänzungen nach dieser Erfindung,
• Fig. 6 und 7 Kopien der Figuren 3 bzw. 4 der EP-A-565 486 zur Erklärung des gesteuerten Garniturschieffens,
• Fig. 8 eine schematische Ansicht vom Seitenschild einer Karde nach der Erfindung, um die bevorzugte Lösung darzustellen,
• Fig. 9 ein Detail der Anordnung nach Fig. 8, und zwar in der Richtung des Pfeils IX in Fig. 8,
• Fig.10 eine schematische Darstellung des Kardierabstands,
• Fig.11 ein Detail der Anordnung nach Fig. 10, und
• Fig.12 ein Diagramm zur Erklärung des Arbeitsprinzips der bevorzugten Lösung.

The invention has the significant advantage that the necessary adjustments to the working elements of the carding machine are carried out automatically in a simple and cost-effective manner in a timely manner and without additional checking of the spinning master. This can be done during carding, so that otherwise necessary downtime can be avoided, thereby increasing the productivity of the carding machines. Especially with the capital-intensive touring flat card, this is of extraordinary importance. The automatic readjustment or readjustment also guarantees a constant quality of the produced card sliver independent of the operating personnel. Further advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims and can be taken from the following description. There, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Showing:

• 1 is a prior art traveling lid card illustrating the present invention;
• 2 shows schematically a flexible bend of a revolving flat card with motor-adjustable adjusting elements and an inventive control,
• 3 is a graphical representation of the course of the degree of wear of working elements of the revolving flat card, which can be based on the control program of a machine according to FIG. 2, FIG.
• 4 shows a modification derverstelleinrichtung according to DE-Gbm 93 13 633,
• 5 shows a copy of FIG. 2 of EP-A-565 486 with additions according to this invention,
• FIGS. 6 and 7 are copies of FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively, of EP-A-565 486 for explaining the control of the set of clothing;
• 8 is a schematic view of the side plate of a card according to the invention to illustrate the preferred solution.
• 9 shows a detail of the arrangement according to FIG. 8, in the direction of the arrow IX in FIG. 8, FIG.
• 10 shows a schematic representation of the carding distance,
• 11 shows a detail of the arrangement according to FIGS. 10, and
• 12 is a diagram for explaining the principle of operation of the preferred solution.

In Fig. 1 is a known Wanderdekkelkarde 1, for example, the card C50 Arimelderin, shown schematically. The fiber material is fed in the form of dissolved and purified flakes in the hopper 2, taken over by a Briseur or licker 3 as Wattenvorlage, handed over to a drum or drum 4 and parallelized by a decklid set 5, the opposite pulleys 6 to the direction of rotation of the main cylinder 4th is driven. Fibers from the non-woven fabric located on the drum 4 are then removed by a take-off roller 7 and formed into a card belt 9 in a discharge section 8 consisting of different rollers. This card sliver 9 is then deposited by a reel 10 in a transport can 11 in a cycloidal manner.

In Fig. 2 is now shown in a section of the flexible sheet 12 such a card, with revolving it revolving lids 13, (only two shown) by a toothed belt 14 and a drive not shown here in the same direction or opposite to the direction of rotation of the spool 4 are slowly moved , On this flexible sheet 12 adjusting elements 15 are provided, with which the distance of the revolving lid 13 to the drum surface, the so-called carding, can be adjusted. The structural design of such control elements on the flexible bend are known, for example, from German Utility Model DE-U-9313 633 by the applicant. In this case, however, the adjusting elements 15 are not only manually adjustable, but they are automatically adjustable by means of an actuator to example small servomotors 17. Suitable for this task are, for example, piezoelectric translators of the designation P-170 to P-173 of the company Physik Instrumente GmbH & Co. in D-7517 Waldbronn. This actuator is connected to a controller 16, which determines the setting of the flexible sheet 12, and thus the Kardierabstandes; for example, according to an adjustment characteristic of FIG. 3.

In Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the change in the carding distance K on the abscissa as a function of the cumulative carding belt production P in tonnes (kg) on the ordinate for various processed material types. The curve S indicates the desired distance, that is the carding distance, which would be given without wear of the set of the spool (and the revolving lid). Depending on the carding work that is required to process a particular material (influenced, for example, by the dirt, the fiber length and the nits of the fiber material fed in), there is now a greater or lesser degree of wear as a function of production, as with the curves a and b is illustrated for the different fiber materials A and B. The degree of wear as a function of the current production for the various provenances of the fiber material (A or B) is either known or empirically ascertainable, so that these data can be entered into the controller 16 (FIG. 2), and the adjusting elements 15 readjusted on the basis of this information can be.

The current production of a card is a function of the delivery speed and the band number. The total production of a card at a given time (e.g., from a garniture change) is now determined by programmable control of the machine and displayed on demand, that is, such data is normally already present in the machine control. Of course, the "zero point" for the calculation of this total production can also be used as the zero point for the control of the adjustment of the carding distance. A prerequisite is that the elements to be readjusted are in a predetermined state at the zero point, which must be ensured by the operating personnel. Otherwise it will be necessary to monitor the "starting position" of the elements with suitable sensors and to report them to the control, which considerably increases the required outlay.

The controller can be programmed by the machine supplier with the adjustment characteristic, ie the characteristic is entered in the memory of the controller. The user can then call the appropriate characteristic by entering the material to be processed.

The adjustment is preferably not continuous, but intermittently (gradually) depending on the capabilities of the actuators. The actuator is preferably able to reliably perform an adjustment that represents only a fraction (eg, maximum 20%) of the normal carding distance. Such distances are today in the range 20 to 30 hundredths of a millimeter. Preferably, the actuator can perform reliable readjustment steps in the range 1 to 3 hundredths.

The system is most suitable for the user who processes a given type of material over a longer period. The calculation of the "total production" with frequent material changes will prove to be difficult.

If the material type and the delivery remain unchanged over a long period and the efficiency can be foreseen, the time instead of the production can be used as the control parameter. The efficiency here means the effective production time in a given period of time.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of FIG. 1 of DE-Gbm-9313 633 in order to be able to carry out the motor adjustment according to this invention. This embodiment also corresponds in part to the actuator system according to FIG. 13 of our Swiss Patent Application No. 1681/93 (EP 94 810 309.8).

In Fig. 4, an adjusting device 20 is shown on a card in the partial cross section. Left is a partial section through the drum 22 of the card and at the top is schematically the profile of a flat bar 23 can be seen. This flat rod 23 lies with its head piece 24 on a bearing, here a sliding or flexible bend 25 (also called flexible bend), which is held approximately free of play in a support element 26 with a U-shaped profile. The U-shaped profile is provided in the region of the sliding or flexible arch 25 with a precisely fitting shaft, so that it is held almost clampingly in the support element 26. Below the sliding or flexible bend 25, the U-shaped profile of the support element 26 is widened, so that said almost clamping effect - i. the precise guidance - only in the area of the sliding or flexible arch 25 is necessary. This simplifies the production since only these contact surfaces have to be precisely processed (for example by grinding). The support member 26 is here integrally connected to a side plate 27 indicated only schematically, but it may also be an independent part, which is connected in a known manner by means of screws or the like to the side plate. In the base 28 of the support member 26, a bore 29 is provided, in which an actuator 31 can move freely in its longitudinal direction. At the foot of the adjusting element 31, a shoe 30 is provided, which will be discussed in more detail below. In the longitudinal direction of the adjusting 31.kann can be provided on the shank of a shallow and narrow groove in which a setting scale is engraved so that the adjustment of the sliding or Flexibelbogens can be read directly. The adjustment member 31 and the shoe 30 are indeed outside of the drum table arranged, and therefore always easily accessible. The head 32 of the adjusting member 31 is slightly cambered and is in contact with the underside of the sliding or flexible arch. The location-precise guidance of the sliding or flexible arch 25 in the support element 26 and the location of the point of contact of the control element on the flexible bend preclude tilting and provide a simple and time-saving adjustment.

The shoe 30 is mounted on the cylindrical surface 33 of an eccentric cam 34 mounted on a shaft 35 for rotation with the shaft 35 about the longitudinal axis thereof when an adjustment motor 36 is actuated. The motor 36 is, for example, a stepping motor that can be energized by a control unit 37 to rotate the shaft 35 by a number of steps set by the unit 37. The shaft 35 is mounted in the carding frame (not shown) in order to perform the rotational movement about its own longitudinal axis, but no further movements.

The weight of the traveling lid assembly (shown only partially here) presses the flexible sheet 25 onto the head 32 of the actuator 31. Other elements of this type may be provided to determine the curvature of the sheet with respect to the drum axis (not shown) Only one adjustable element 31 per sheet 25 can be provided, for example, according to FIG. 13 of the preceding application CH 1681/93. A double of the arrangement according to FIG. 4 must be provided in mirror image on the other side of the card in order to be able to adjust the corresponding flexible sheet.

By means of the embodiments already described, the carding distance can be adjusted automatically during ongoing production in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner; This avoids unnecessary downtime. The readjustment or readjustment of the carding distance can also be made depending on the grinding of a clothing, in particular the automatic grinding of the spool set. Thus, the operating times of the carding machines are significantly increased in a spinning mill, without having to accept considerable loss of quality. A suitable embodiment is described below with reference to FIG. 5. This figure corresponds to a combination of Fig. 2 of EP-A-565 486 with Fig. 13 of CH 1681/93 (EP 94 810 309.8) and with additions according to this invention. It will initially controlled grinding according to EP-A- 565 486 briefly, with reference being made to the entire EP document for details of the method or the arrangement.

Fig. 5 shows schematically the spool 40, breeze 42, pickup 44 and the grinding system, which is indicated as a whole by the reference numeral 46. The system 46 includes a grindstone, its holder, a drive motor, and a guide means (not shown) which guides the shed striker across the width of the card during a stroke movement. These latter elements are discussed in more detail in EP-A-565 486 and the description is not repeated here. Fig. 5 also shows the drive motor 50 for the card, the spool 40, for example via a toothed belt 52 set in rotation when the card is in operation. The motor 50 is controlled by signals from a card controller 54 and returns its status to this controller 54. The card control 54 also controls the grinding system 46, in the illustrated example it has been assumed that the grinding system is provided with its own "sub-control" 56, which performs certain control functions autonomously by means of control commands from the main controller 54.

The main controller 54 is provided with a display 58 and a keyboard 60 for human-machine communication. This controller 54 also includes a time signal generator, which is indicated schematically at 62.

• a) die Anzahl Hubbewegungen des Schleifsteines während einer bestimmten Betriebsphase,
• b) die Betriebsgeschwindigkeit derartiger Bewegungen (dies kann aber in der Untersteuerung 56 einprogrammiert sein),
• c) ein Startsignal zum Auslösen einer Betriebsphase.

The main controller 54 now gives the following control commands to the sub-controller 56:

• a) the number of strokes of the grindstone during a certain phase of operation,
• b) the operating speed of such movements (but this may be programmed in the sub-controller 56),
• c) a start signal for triggering an operating phase.

The various phases (and the corresponding control commands or machine settings to be entered by the operator) will now be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

Fig. 6 is a timing chart used to explain the duration of each standby or waiting phase, respectively. This diagram is not to be understood as a realistic representation of reality, but as a purely fictional diagram for explaining principles.

In Fig. 6, the time on the horizontal axis and the tooth wear of the spool set are plotted on the vertical axis. The "curve" K1 represents the increasing tooth wear during a period T1 of uninterrupted operation with a given spool speed and a certain processed material. The "wear" is here to be understood as tooth wear, which leads to an impairment of the functioning of the tooth as a carding element. This will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. In other operating conditions (spool speed, processed material), wear is slower (e.g., after curve K2) or even faster (not shown), resulting in a steeper curve.

It is assumed in Fig. 6 that tooth wear has reached such a level at "N" that it is necessary to grind. This is not an absolutely valid level, but can be determined by the spinning company at its own discretion, depending on its production program (orders). The decision is made e.g. precipitated on the basis of the delivered card sliver quality, e.g. after the Nissen level. The (rather unrealistic) assumptions of the illustrated example result in a maximum operating time T1 for the operating conditions of the curve K1 and a maximum operating time T2 for the curve K2 until the carding belt (without the use of a built-in grinding system) has to be shut down and partially dismantled. In this case, work has been carried out over a large part of this period T1 (or T2) with a considerable degree of tooth wear. The grinding then causes an interruption U until the card can again operate for a further period T1 (or T2).

By means of the continuous use of a built-in grinding system (such as the system 46, Fig. 5), it is possible to adhere the effective (for product quality) tooth wear to almost zero. However, this represented a complex operation, because a certain degree of wear of the teeth without significant loss of Glualität remains, that is quite bearable. In the operating conditions of the curve K1, it is accordingly possible to let the card work over an operating time t, for example, without any measurable effect on the quality of the product. At the conclusion of this period of operation, the system 46 (Figure 5) is actuated to cause a predetermined number of stroke movements of the grindstone, bringing the effective wear back to zero, without interrupting operation. One way to control the number of strokes will be explained below with reference to FIG. A preferred solution is listed below towards the end of the description.

The service life (without use of the grinding system) is equal to the readiness period of the grinding system 46. During this period, the grindstone waits in its end position or is ready for use in this end position. The time t can be entered by the operator via the keyboard 60 into the controller 54 (and retrieved via the display 58 back to the control). Test settings can first be used to determine the "optimal" conditions, and the determined values can then be hard-coded for normal operation.

However, it may turn out that the "optimal" waiting period t over the life of a given clothing (i.e., until re-carding the card) decreases; the duration of this waiting period will often prove to be a function of the total operating time of the clothing. This may be taken into account by the controller 54 by means of an operating hours counter (not shown) and messages from both the motor 50 and the time signal generator 62. The motor 50 (which drives the spool) is shown only as an example as a source for the signals that drive the operating hours counter. Such signals could e.g. be removed from the customer drive and would thus have a closer relationship to the material flow.

The correct function of the operating time and a start signal after re-embellishment must be entered by the operator, after which the controller 54 is able to determine the correct times for the use of the grinding system. At the conclusion of each waiting period, the controller 54 sends a start signal to the sub-controller 56 to initiate the use of the grinding system. The following application will now be explained with reference to FIG. 7.

Fig. 7 shows diagrammatically two teeth 64, 66 of a clothing and their direction of movement P. The work of the tooth is done at the point S, and the wear at this point is decisive for the quality of the product. The technology of carding (the product quality) depends on the sharpness of the tip at the leading edge of each tooth 64,66 and so on. When grinding (of all types), the tooth height is reduced to restore a sharp tip S1, S2, etc. at the leading edge during each grinding operation. This can be continued to a very low tooth height, e.g. to the top Sn (Figure 7) where the tip is in transition to the next tooth.

From Fig. 7 it can be seen that the carding distance is forcedly changed during each grinding operation unless it is reset. This can now be accomplished by means of an actuator, for example according to the modifications described below in Fig. 5 of this application over Fig. 2 of EP-A-565 486.

The card has on each side a flexible sheet 70 (only schematically indicated). The machine frame (not shown) includes a guide (not shown) for an actuator 72, similar to, for example, the actuator 31 (FIG. 4), which cooperates with an eccentric cam 74. The cam is rotated by a motor 76 by means of a shaft 76 when the motor 78 is controlled by the card control 54 for this purpose. The same controller 54 now controls both the grinding by means of the device 46 as well as the adjustment of the flexible sheet (of which only such a sheet 70 in Fig. 5 can be seen) by means of the motors 78 (one per card side).

1. 1. Das Schleifen und das Verstellen wird jedes für sich, d.h. unabhängig voneinander, gesteuert (programmgemäss ausgelöst),
2. 2. das Verstellen wird im Anschluss an einen Schleifvorgang ausgelöst.
3. 3. Das Verstellen und das Schleifen kann unabhängig voneinander ausgelöst werden, wobei das Verstellen auch im Anschluss an einen Schleifvorgang ausgelöst werden kann.

Depending on the programming of the controller 54, various combinations are possible, namely:

1. 1. The grinding and adjustment is controlled individually (ie triggered independently), ie independently of each other,
2. 2. the adjustment is triggered following a grinding process.
3. 3. The adjustment and the grinding can be triggered independently of each other, whereby the adjustment can be triggered also after a grinding process.

The preferred solution provides for adjustment following a grinding operation after a number of grinding operations determined by the controller. The adjustment can be triggered only after several grinding operations, z. B. only when the peak S2 (FIG. 7) or even the peak S3 is reached. The number of operations can be preprogrammed. The also programmed adjustment then depends both on the stated number of operations and on the intensity of the grinding.

According to an advantageous modification of the program according to FIG. 7, the use of the grinding system is not controlled strictly according to the time, but according to the production. For this purpose, the user can enter the desired Gamiturlebensdauer measured by the amount of material produced (tons), in the controller. According to a given characteristic in the memory of the controller, the latter can then determine how often it has to be ground. If necessary, this characteristic is to be adapted to the type of material and / or the type of garnish, or the appropriate type must be called up from the memory by the user. This characteristic, in turn, determines both the total number of grinding cycles (e.g., the double stroke of the grindstone) over the set life of the clothing, as well as the distribution of these life cycles.

The adjustment of the flexible sheet can now be controlled on the basis of the same characteristic, probably only after a few grinding cycles it becomes possible to take into account the change in the tooth shape as a result of the adjustment of the sheet.

The use of the actuator to balance the effect of grinding is of course not limited to combination with a machine controlled grinding operation. It could e.g. be entered by the user, a signal in the control, which causes a user-defined adjustment. These signals could be determined according to an operating manual for grinding, even if a grinding device for grinding has to be mounted on the card and then dismantled again. It could even be pre-programmed "Verstellschritte" triggered by the user, the time of adjustment is set by the user himself.

The use of the actuator to compensate for the effect of tooth wear (without regard to the grinding) is not limited to the solution of FIG. It may be e.g. be sufficient to control in a simplified solution, the use of Verstellaktorik only after production (without consideration of the material type).

Of course, the actuators can be used to compensate for the effects of wear on the spools and / or the top bars, i. the invention is not limited to the consideration of wear of the tambourine sets.

A conventional card today has a considerable size - see, for example, the comparative values given in EP-A-446796. It is necessary to strictly adhere to the carding clearance settings, at all points, ie over the entire length Working area of the flat bars. It is therefore desirable to guide the flexible sheet in several places and nachzuführen when readjusting, as will now be explained with reference to Figures 8 to 12. Figures 10 and 11 will be explained relatively briefly for the time being, as they are given merely to explain terms used below in the explanation of the other figures.

The curve 80 in FIG. 10 represents the "beating circle" (or "shell surface") of the tips of the clothing 81 carried by the spool 4. The curve 82 represents the beating circle (or shell surface) of the tips of the clothing 83 carried by the flat bars 13 (Figure 2). In Fig. 10, the division of the set 83 has been neglected in sub-sets on the different Dekkelstäbe 13, since this division is irrelevant to the required explanation. Because of this division, the effective beating circle in practice is not a curve segment, but a polygon that approaches a curve segment. The carding distance KA is the distance from the beating circle 82 to the beating circle 80. This distance is usually deliberately variable over the length of the flexible bows - it is relatively large at the inlet (where a flat bar comes into contact with the flexible bends) and relatively small at the outlet (where the flat bar lifts off the flexible arch again) ..

Since FIG. 11 shows only one detail, on a larger scale, only a single flat bar 13 with a part of the "gamitur" 83 of FIG. 10 appears here. The flat bar 13 has a sliding surface 84 which is mounted on a sliding surface 85 (FIG. Fig. 8) slides on the flexible sheet 12. The dimension ZH in FIG. 11 represents the tooth height or the distance between the striking circle 82 and the sliding surfaces 84 and 85, respectively. The carding interval KA changes while the card is working, for reasons described in this specification in EP-A-384297, EP-A-627508 and DE-A-4235610.

The object of the solution according to FIGS. 8 and 9 is to be able to intermittently restore the once correctly set carding interval KA (including any variability along the flexible bend) by balancing the effects of wear while the card is still working.

For this purpose, the flexible sheet 12 of FIG. 8 at five indicated by respective arrows points S1 to S5 (hereinafter called "control points") out or against the side plate 26 is supported. The shield 26 comprises a bearing part 90, which defines the axis of rotation 92 of the drum 4. Each control point S1 to S5 is assigned its own control element 31, wherein, for the sake of simplicity, only one such control element 31 in FIG. 8 and another 31 A in FIG. 9 are shown. The elements 31 at the control points S1, S2, S3 and S5 each have a cambered head, whereupon the arch 12 is supported, or whereas the arch 12 is pulled by the element 31A at the control point S3. The latter element (FIG. 9) has a Bore 93 with a thread for receiving a bolt 94, of which the head 95 is received in a recess (not shown) in the flexible sheet 12 so that the sheet between the head 95 and the end of the element 31 A is clamped and with the element has to move.

The adjustment mechanism is the same for all elements 31, 31A, so that it suffices to describe only a single copy. This includes two tabs 96 mounted side-by-side on the shield 26 (or molded integrally with the shield) and a pin 97 rotatably supported about a pivot 98 between the tabs 96. The central portion of the pin 97 (between the lugs 96) has a cylindrical surface 99 (see FIG. 9) which is eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation 98. Each actuator 31,31A is provided with a connecting ring 100 which receives the eccentric center portion of the pin 97 without play. As the pin 97 rotates about the axis 98, therefore, the element moves in one or the other radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation. A guide (not shown) may be provided on the shield 26 to ensure straight-line movements of the element 31, 31 A.

Each pin 97 is connected to a rotary lever 101, with the purpose of being able to exert a torque on it. Each rotary lever 101 is associated with a respective rocker arm 102 which can tilt about an axis of rotation 104 carried by the shield 26. The tilting movement of all levers 102 is accomplished by a common actuator 106. This device comprises a rail 107 which is guided in a guide (not shown) carried by the plate, such that it can move about the axis 92 in its own longitudinal direction. Since the rail 107 is connected to each rocker arm 102 (e.g., at the location 108, Fig. 8), the movements of the rail 107 are simultaneously transmitted to all the levers 102 and to all the elements 31, 31 A.

A movement of the rail 107 is effected by a suitable, controllable drive 109. An electric cylinder with a displacement measurement is suitable as a drive 109, the results of the displacement measurement as control signals to a controller (not shown in Fig. 8, but see for example Fig. 5) can be passed on signal lines.

Fig. 8 shows the sheet 12 only on one side of the card. On the other side, a second sheet 12 is provided with its own elements 31, 31A, eccentric pins 97, levers 101, 102 and actuating device 106. The two sheets 12 can therefore be adjusted individually (independently of each other). The principle of setting or tracking is explained below with reference to FIG. 12, this figure being understood as a purely schematic representation (without reference to the reality with respect to mass of the elements).

Assuming that the card is set for the time being, that at operating temperature or operating speed, a beating surface 85A of the flexible sheet is delivered to the beating circle 80A of the beater assembly. It is further assumed that the beating circle 80A is circular about the axis of rotation 92 (see also Fig. 8), wherein the sliding surface 85A may also be circular, or may be "stiffened" relative to the spool, by a variable carding distance in the working area of the flat bars to achieve.

Let it be assumed that the Tambourgam'ttur's circle of sound shrinks to 80B during operation of the card (the masses have been greatly exaggerated here for the sake of illustration). However, the carding distance (including any variability) should be kept as constant as possible, so that the curvature of the sliding surface 85 must be changed, at least to take account of the change in the curvature of the striking circle 80 Fig. 12 may not only drive the sliding surface 85A vertically downwards - it must also adapt to the changed radius of the striking circle 80.

The setting points S1 to S5, where the actuators contact the sheet 12, must therefore move along the respective radii R1 to R5 intersecting with the axis of rotation 92, and they must all travel the same path DELTA R, e.g. S1 -> S11, S2 -> S22, S3 -> S33, S4 -> S44 and S5 -> S55.

Now, if only the wear on the spool set needs to be considered, the distance DELTA R is equal to the radial distance between the beating circle 80A and the beating circle 80B. However, the readjustment then contains no contribution to take into account the possible wear on the clothing of the flat bars 13. To even out this wear, the sliding surface 85 can be moved closer to the striking circle 80, so that the distance "a" between the sliding surface 85A and the striking circle 80A is greater than the distance "b" between the sliding surface. 85B and the striking circle 80B.

1. 1. Mittels einer Blattlehre (oder eines anderen geeigneten Gerätes) wird fürjede Seite der Karde eine "Grundeinstellung" festgehalten. Dieser Schritt ist nach wie vor zeitraubend und mühsam, und er erfordert sowohl Geschick als auch Erfahrung. Anders als bis anhin kann aber zukünftig die Grundeinstellung durch Nachstellen gemäss der Erfindung relativ leicht wieder hergestellt werden.
2. 2. Beim Nachstellen wird entweder gemäss einem vorgegebenen Programm (z.B. nach Fig. 5) oder gemäss vom Bedienungspersonal eingegeber Angaben (Befehle) der Flexibeibogen verstellt.
3. 3. Es können sicherheitshalber gelegentlich einige Kontrollen pro Seite durchgeführt werden.Da aber der Bogen als Ganzes nachgeführt wird, wobei die Bewegungen an allen Stellpunkten miteinander gekoppelt sind, werden die durch die Grundeinstellung vorgegebenen Verhältnisse auch beim Nachführen aufrechterhalten.
4. 4. Was geprüft werden muss, ist das Mass des Nachführens bzw. die Grösse der Schritte- Dies muss anhand von Erfahrungswerten für den effektiven Verschleiss festgelegt werden.

The term "wear" in this context includes both the wear caused by material processing and the loss due to grinding. The setting now requires the following steps:

1. 1. By means of a Blattle gauge (or other suitable device) a "basic setting" is recorded for each side of the card. This step is still time-consuming and tedious, and it requires both skill and experience. Unlike in the past, however, the basic setting can be restored relatively easily in the future by readjusting according to the invention.
2. 2. During readjustment, either according to a given program (eg according to FIG. 5) or according to information provided by the operating staff (commands) of the flexi plates.
3. 3. As a precaution, occasionally some checks can be made per side. However, since the bow is tracked as a whole, the movements being coupled at all positions, the conditions given by the basic setting are also maintained during tracking.
4. 4. What has to be checked is the degree of tracking or the size of the steps. This must be determined on the basis of empirical values for effective wear.

• Trommelgamiturwechsel
• Deckelsatzwechsel
• Deckelgamiturwechsel
• Ausgleich einer "konischen Trommel"
• Ausgleich eines "konischen Deckelsatzes".

However, a device according to this invention can find a wider application than just rebalancing the effect of wear. The following changes or abuses can also be taken into account by readjustment:

• Trommelgamiturwechsel
• Cover block change
• Deckelgamiturwechsel
• Compensation of a "conical drum"
• Compensation of a "conical cover set".

The last two approaches require differences in tracking the two card pages. Of course, the device can be used if a conventional grinding method is used, e.g. when the drum set or flat set is ground by means of an across the width of the card extending grinding roller.

Claims (22)

1. Method to produce a card sliver (9) with a carding machine (1) whereat the condition of the working elements (81, 83) worsens in relation to the length of operation and whereat the working elements need to be adjusted from time to time in order to at least partially balance the worsening of the condition, whereby the re-adjustment is carried out by an actuating system (15, 17, 78, 106) that is controllable by a control means (16, 54), characterised in that

   a) the control means (16, 54) is provided with a control program which initiates the re-adjustment, based on a pre-known wear characteristic (K1 K2) which depends on the actual production, and/or

   b) that the working elements (81, 83) are the clothings (83) of the flat rods (13) and the clothing (81) of the drum (40) of a revolving flat card (1), that the clothing (81) of the drum is re-ground from time to time and that the carding gap between the clothings (83) of the flat rods (13) and the re-ground clothing (81) of the drum (40) is re-set automatically by the control means (16, 54) in dependence of the grinding of the clothing (81) of the drum (40), or

   c) that the working elements (81, 83) are the clothings (83) of the flat rods (13) and the clothing (81) of the drum (40) of a revolving flat card (1), that the clothings (83) of the flat rods are re-ground from time to time and that the carding gap between the re-ground clothings (83) of the flat rods (13) and the clothing (81) of the drum is automatically re-set by the control means (16, 54) in dependence of the grinding of the clothings (83) of the flat rods (13).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the wear characteristic also depends on the condition of the material supplied.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the point zero for the calculation of the overall production is used as the point zero for the controlling of the re-adjustment of the carding gap.
4. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that a re-adjustment characteristic, depending on the type of material, is stored in the storage unit of the control unit (16,54).
5. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that, if the type of material and the material supply remain unchanged over a long period of time, and if the efficiency rate is predictable, the time instead of the production is taken as control of the parameter.
6. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the re-adjustment is only initiated after several grinding processes.
7. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the re-adjustment of the carding gap is performed/carried out by re-setting the flex bends (12, 25, 70) and that this re-adjustment is being controlled on the basis of the same characteristic as is applied for the grinding of the clothing (81, 83).
8. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the grinding of the clothings (81, 83) and the re-adjustment of the carding gap are initiated according to the program, independently of each other.
9. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the re-adjustment is initiated after a grinding process.
10. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterised in that during re-adjustment, the positioning points (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5) move radially in relation to the drum (40).
11. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the re-adjustment is carried out in steps, whereat each positioning point (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5), on one side of the card, is moved across the same distance.
12. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the re-adjustment takes place by independent re-adjustment of the two flex bends (12, 25, 70).
13. Method according to claim 12, characterised in that the flex bend (12, 25, 70) is adjusted simultaneously at several points.
14. Method according to claim 13, characterised in that the flex bend (12) is pulled at one positioning point (S3).
15. Method according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the re-adjustment is carried out while the production is running.
16. Carding machine with working elements (81, 83) and means (15, 17, 31, 34, 35, 36, 74, 78,102, 106) for the re-adjustment of said elements (81, 83) in order to at least partially balance a worsening condition of the elements, whereby a control means (16, 54) and an actuating system (15, 17, 31, 34, 35, 36, 74, 78, 102, 106), controllable by the control means, is provided in order to carry out the re-adjustment, characterised in that,

    a) the control unit (61, 54) is provided with a control program which initiates the re-adjustment based on a pre-known wear characteristic (K1 K2) that depends on the actual production, and/or

    b) that the working elements (81, 83) are the clothings (83) of the flat rods (13) and the clothing (81) of the drum (40) of a revolving flat card (1), that the clothing (81) of the drum is from time to time re-grindable by a grinding means (46) and that the carding gap between the clothings (83) of the flat rods (13) and the re-ground clothing (81) of the drum (40) is re-set automatically by the control means (16, 54) in dependence of the grinding of the clothing (81) of the drum (40), or

    c) that the working elements (81, 83) are the clothings (83) of the flat rods (13) and the clothing (81) of the drum (40) of a revolving flat card (1), that the clothings (83) of the flat rods are from time to time re-grindable by a grinding means (46) and that the carding gap between the re-ground clothings (83) of the flat rods (13) and the clothing (81) of the drum is re-set automatically by the control means (16, 54) in dependence of the grinding of the clothing (83) of the flat rods (13).
17. Carding machine according to claim 16, characterised in that the control means (16, 54) comprises a storage unit into which a wear characteristic (K1 K2) of the working elements is entered, said characteristic being dependent on the production, based on said characteristic the control unit (16, 54) acts on the positioning means (15, 31) of the working element (81) of the drum (40) by means of the actuating system (15, 17, 31, 34, 35, 36, 74, 78, 102, 106), so that said working element (81) is automatically re-adjusted and/or repaired at time intervals determined by the control unit (16, 54).
18. Carding machine according to claim 16, characterised in that the characteristics also depend on the condition of the material.
19. Carding machine according to claim 17 or 18, characterised in that an automatic grinding device (46) is provided by means of which the teeth of the clothing (81) of the drum (40) of a flat revolving card (1) are newly ground at time intervals determined by the control means (16, 54).
20. Carding machine according to one of the claims 16 to 19, characterised in that the control means (16, 54) is laid out in such a way that the positioning elements (15, 31) of the flex bend (12, 25, 70) are re-adjustable on the flat revolving card (1) by means of the actuating system (15, 17, 31, 34, 35, 36, 74, 78, 102, 106).
21. Carding machine according to one of the claims 16 to 20, characterised in that the actuating means (97, 101, 102, 106) of one card side comprises a common drive (106) for the positioning elements (31) of said side, which are re-adjustable simultaneously.
22. Carding machine according to one of the claims 16 to 21, characterised in that the actuating systems comprises at least one positioning element (S3) which is subjected to tensile load during the re-adjustment.

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