EP0767134A2 - Elevator system and its building method - Google Patents

Abstract

The lift system has a cabin (6) movable along a support frame (8) formed from individual parts which can be built up to great conveyor heights. An assembly platform can be used to convey the individual parts during construction of the shaft. The individual parts can be connected into different types of lifts. A perpendicular frame (20) is mounted at the top position of a shaft and an assembly plate at the bottom. Wires (21) are tensioned between the frame and plate. Rails and shaft bars (25) are fixed vertically one above the other on the assembly plate. A mobile assembly basket can be guided on the rail for further assembly.

Description

The present invention relates to an elevator system for elevators guided in vertical shafts and a method for assembling the elevator system.

Various elevator systems of this type are known, for example from DE 37 21 930, DE-GM 93 02 119, EP 0 375 208, EP 0 475 074. However, the disadvantage of these known elevator systems is that they are relatively complex to install and to which local conditions must be adapted through extensive installation work.

The object of the invention is to provide an elevator system that is easy to install and can be used universally.

The object is achieved with a device according to claim 1 and a method for assembly according to claim 4. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

The advantage of the invention is that a large part of the components of the elevator system can be exchanged in the different configurations. The system according to the invention is therefore suitable for pre-assembly from standard bearing parts for simplified and time-saving assembly on the construction site, for elevator systems of various types, such as elevators with direct hydraulics, indirect hydraulics, pulling pistons, rope elevator with machine at the top and rope elevator with machine at the side.

The system preferably consists of the following components: shaft pit parts, rail segments, shaft doors, car complete, counterweight frame plus filling weights, drive unit, control cabinet and shaft wiring, as well as switching elements and pushbuttons and lighting.

The assembly can be carried out according to the invention without continuous scaffolding and is therefore an advantage, particularly in the case of larger delivery heights. The system allows installation to begin before the lift shaft is complete. The assembly platform can be used to transport your own materials. This makes the assembly process independent of on-site funding.

According to the invention, the previously relatively high installation effort in the machine room of an elevator system can advantageously be reduced to such an extent that substantial time savings are achieved from the moment the machine room level is available until the elevator system is used.

Fig. 1a

eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung in Form eines Rucksacksystems mit einem Seilhydraulikaufzug zeigt;

Fig. 1b

einen Teil des Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzersystems für das System von Fig. 1a zeigt;

Fig. 1c

einen Teil des des Rucksacksystems von Fig. 1a ohne Kabine zeigt;

Fig. 2

eine zweite Ausführungsform der Erfindung in Form eines Rucksackaufzugs mit Hydraulikaufzug zeigt;

Fig. 3

das Ausgangsschema für die Montage zeigt;

Fig. 4

einen Teilausschnitt mit einem Schachtbügel zeigt;

Fig. 5

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem Hydraulikzylinder zeigt;

Fig. 6

ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem Hydraulikzylinder, der indirekt betrieben wird, zeigt;

Fig. 7

ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem Seilaufzug zeigt;

Fig. 8

schematisch die Schieneninstallation mit vorgefertigten Segmenten zeigt;

Fig. 9a

eine Seitenansicht eines in der Montage befindlichen Fahrkorbrahmens wiedergibt;

Fig. 9b

eine Draufsicht auf den Fahrkorbrahmen der Fig. 9a zeigt;

Fig. 10

die Montagevorrichtung am Fahrkorbrahmen zeigt und

Fig. 11

eine Seitenansicht des Fahrkorbrahmens zeigt.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1a

shows an embodiment of the invention in the form of a backpack system with a rope hydraulic elevator;

Fig. 1b

shows part of the speed limiter system for the system of Fig. 1a;

Fig. 1c

shows part of the backpack system of Figure 1a without a cabin;

Fig. 2

shows a second embodiment of the invention in the form of a backpack elevator with hydraulic elevator;

Fig. 3

shows the initial schematic for assembly;

Fig. 4

shows a partial section with a shaft bracket;

Fig. 5

shows a third embodiment with a hydraulic cylinder;

Fig. 6

shows a fourth embodiment with a hydraulic cylinder, which is operated indirectly;

Fig. 7

shows a fifth embodiment with a cable elevator;

Fig. 8

schematically shows the rail installation with prefabricated segments;

Fig. 9a

a side view of a car frame being assembled;

Fig. 9b

Figure 9a shows a top view of the car frame of Figure 9a;

Fig. 10

the mounting device on the car frame shows and

Fig. 11

a side view of the car frame shows.

1a shows an embodiment of a backpack system with a cable hydraulic elevator. The device comprises a speed limiter 1, a piston switch 2, a shaft copying system (SIS) 3 and a cable roller yoke. The cabin moves on a support frame 6 by means of a cylinder 7 along rails 8 and a rope 9. A cylinder support 10 is provided to support the cylinder. A slack rope switch 11 and buffer supports 12 complete the system. Furthermore, a speed limiter cable guide 17 is provided on the support frame 6.

The speed limiter cable guide 17, which is shown partially enlarged in FIG. 1b, can be adjusted by a control lever 13, which is connected to a connecting tube 15 and a connecting angle 16 via a connecting strap 14.

In Fig. 1c, part of the rail system and the support frame without a cabin is shown.

FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention with a shaft copy (SIS) 3, a piston switch 2 and a connecting element 18. The cabin 5 is supported by a support frame 6 and moved along rails 8 by means of a cylinder 7. A cylinder support 10 and a buffer support 12 are provided as in the elevator system of FIG. 1.

3, a solder frame 20 with fixed markings for the solder positions is attached to the top of the vehicle shaft. In the lower area of the vehicle shaft there is a removable mounting plate 23, on which two solder rails 24 with adjustable positions for the solders are provided on two opposite sides. A first rail segment 22, which has a rail base and a shaft bracket, is arranged on the mounting plate 23. Solder wires 21 are stretched between the upper solder frame 20 and the solder rails 24.

4 shows a section of a rail segment 22 in which a shaft bracket 25 is arranged between two rails 8. In addition to the shaft bracket 25, two solder wires 21 run perpendicularly thereto. The shaft bracket can be fastened by means of fastening bolts 27, a marking 26 on the shaft bracket ensuring precise assembly. Another marking 29 can be used, for example, for the assembly of the straightening angle 28.

5 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the elevator system which uses direct hydraulics. For this purpose, a hydraulic cylinder 7 is located above the mounting plate 23 between the two rails 8 and is telescopically extended during a vertical movement. For this purpose, two guide strips 30 are provided for guiding the vertical movement.

As can be seen in accordance with a further exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the support frame can also be used for an indirect hydraulic operation. For this purpose, an intermediate support 32 is arranged between the two rails 8 and is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 31. A roller yoke 33 is provided above the hydraulic cylinder 31.

7 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment in which a cable elevator is used. For this purpose, the rail base plate 35 is arranged on the mounting plate 23, on which two guide rails 39 are fastened. The two guide rails 39 are each connected to the rails 8 via the shaft bracket 25. The counterweight 36 of the cable lift is guided on the guide rails 39. The car (not shown) is guided on the rail 8.

8 shows the rail installation with prefabricated segments. Individual assembly elements 42 are each connected to one another vertically one above the other. The mounting elements 42 have a rail 8 'and a shaft bracket 25'. The mounting plate 40 is arranged on the lowest mounting element 42, on which the mounting buffers 41 with a buffer base are arranged.

9a and 9b, the elevator shaft with a car frame 46 is shown. A safety device 47 is located below the car frame 46. The drive machine 43 for the elevator is supported on a support 44. On the machine frame 45 there are guide shoes 38 over which the speed limiter 1 is arranged. The machine frame 45 has adjustable supports and can therefore be suitably positioned by the guides. The shaft cover 48 is located between the machine frame 45.

10 shows a mounting device that can be used on the support frame. The mounting device has a mounting base 55, which is arranged on a standard car frame 53. A safety device 47 is located on the car frame 53 in the lower region. A guardrail 54 is provided to secure the assembly personnel. The carrying cable 50 is also fastened to the car frame via a cable rocker 49. The suspension cable 50 is guided to the assembly winch (not shown). The safety device 47 is connected to the safety device 51 for assembly via the safety rod 52 of the safety device.

A further exemplary embodiment for a standard car frame 59 is shown in FIG. 11. The car frame 59 has a mounting base 64 and a safety device 47. A guide foot 57 is provided in the upper region of the car frame 59. An auxiliary frame 58 is arranged on the car frame 59 in the region of the guide foot 57. On the opposite side of the car frame 59 is the shaft door 60, which has an adjustable lower door bracket 63 and an adjustable upper door bracket 61.

The assembly for the elevator system according to the invention can generally be summarized as follows.

A solder frame 20 is attached in the highest possible position under the ceiling. The solder frame 20 is designed in such a way that the solder cords or solder wires 21 are hung in precisely predetermined positions. Depending on the procedure for door assembly, 4 solders are required.

Preferably 4 solders should be hung, because this ensures that the space is available over the entire shaft and that the threshold level runs parallel to the guide rails.

A shaft pit frame is provided which comprises a separate plate or consists of the shaft pit components screwed together, consisting of a rail base, a buffer base and solder anchor rails, can be pre-assembled. The shaft pit frame is aligned with two diagonal, freely hanging plumb bobs, leveled and screwed to the floor. Then all 3 or 4 pieces of solders are hung in the predetermined anchor points in the pit frame and tightened.

• a) einem Hydraulikstempel;
• b) einer Zusatzschiene für ein 2:1 Umlenkjoch und dem Hydraulikstempel-Unterbau;
• c) einem Gegengewichtsschiene mit Gegengewichtsrahmen; und
• d) einem Tragrahmen für den Anbau von Umlenkrollen oder Seilantriebsmaschine.

The preferred method includes a first set of rails in this stage and is supplemented differently depending on the type of elevator and equipped in this stage with:

• a) a hydraulic ram;
• b) an additional rail for a 2: 1 deflection yoke and the hydraulic ram base;
• c) a counterweight rail with a counterweight frame; and
• d) a support frame for the attachment of deflection rollers or cable drive machine.

Thereafter, guide rails are provided in complete groups (rail segments), in 5-meter standard lengths with shaft brackets, lifted into position and aligned. Exceptions are the order-related adjustment lengths, which are preferably included in the bottom or top rail segment.

Alignment is carried out by simply applying measuring angles to the marking of the shaft bracket and by moving the shaft bracket to the wall or mounting level until the second leg of the measuring bracket lies against the plumb line.

By suspending the solders outside the hoistway, the lifting of the rail segments is unimpeded and the accuracy of the guide rails is properly improved. This method is made possible by the fact that guides of backpack systems are manufactured immovably with the shaft bracket while maintaining low manufacturing tolerances in devices. The temples themselves are screwed directly onto the wings of the building either using set screws or spacer plates.

The car frame is then inserted into the guide rails with a crane immediately after the installation of the first rail segment. If the shaft is open at the top, all guide shoes can already be installed, otherwise one side of the shoes will be delivered loose and installed on site.

If the frame is used as an assembly platform, the frame is equipped with the provisional floor and the safety railing, as well as the assembly aids for installing the shaft doors.

In the event that there are only a few floors in the system, the car frame can alternatively be completely factory-equipped with the cabin and all electrical equipment and used in one operation.

• a) eine direkt Hydraulik, wobei der Stempel im Grubensegment enthalten ist;
• b) eine indirekt Hydraulik nach Positionierung des zweiten Schienensegmentes; Stempel mit Umlenkrolle und 2:1 Seilen,
• c) ein Treibscheibenantrieb, wobei
  • 1) für Antrieb oben, in der Bauphase der komplett vorgefertigte Maschinenrahmen mit Maschinenträgern und Führungsschuhen in die Schienen gesetzt wird. Bei hohen Förderhöhen eignet sich diese Ausführung zur provisorischen Positionierung in der jeweils höchsten Etage während der Bauphase, um einen Material- und Personenservice zu gewährleisten. Die Maschinenträger können teleskopisch ausgefahren oder separat eingelegt, auf die entsprechende Etagendecke oder Zwischenträger gestützt werden.
  • 2) für Antrieb oben und kompletten Schacht die Installationsplattform vorzugsweise mit dem Baukran oder einer Hilfswinde in die nächste Installationsebene zu heben ist.
  • 3) für die bevorzugte Ausführung die Führungsschienen bis in den Maschinenraum durchgeführt werden, um die gleiche vorgefertigte Maschinenplattform wie unter 1) ohne weitere Ausrichtarbeiten direkt in die Schienen zu setzen. Je nach der Ausführung der Schienensteilheit ist es somit möglich, das System selbsttragend auszulegen und mit einem Minimum von seitlicher Abstützung zum Gebäude hin auszukommen.

Depending on the type of elevator, the drive is then installed, e.g.

• a) a direct hydraulic system, the stamp being contained in the pit segment;
• b) an indirect hydraulic system after positioning the second rail segment; Stamp with pulley and 2: 1 ropes,
• c) a traction sheave drive, wherein
  • 1) for drive above, in the construction phase the completely prefabricated machine frame with machine carriers and guide shoes is placed in the rails. At high delivery heights, this version is suitable for provisional positioning on the highest floor during the construction phase to ensure material and personnel service. The machine supports can be extended telescopically or inserted separately, supported on the corresponding floor ceiling or intermediate supports.
  • 2) For the top drive and complete shaft, the installation platform should preferably be lifted to the next installation level using a construction crane or an auxiliary winch.
  • 3) for the preferred version, the guide rails are carried out into the machine room in order to place the same prefabricated machine platform as in 1) directly into the rails without further alignment work. Depending on the design of the rail steepness, it is therefore possible to design the system to be self-supporting and to get by with a minimum of lateral support to the building.

The machine girder construction can alternatively be finished with the finished floor and the girders for transferring the total loads to the building or just consist of the scaffolding for receiving the machine room components. The complete unit includes the drive, the speed limiter, the control cabinet, suspension for shaft cabling and suspension cables.

The landing doors are assembled from the car platform. The doors for this series are generally completely pre-assembled and are transported as a unit into the building and placed on the assembly platform. In the case of complete lift shafts, this is usually on the lowest floor, which is also the last to be installed. In the case of small delivery heights, the rails are initially to be fully assembled, regardless of the type of elevator. In such cases, the mounting platform is positioned with an auxiliary winch. The platform is secured in the working position by a clamping device-O- on the rails. In such cases, shaft doors are installed from top to bottom.

With large delivery heights and extended construction times, there is the option of installing the shaft doors on the completed floor immediately after the positioning of the associated rail segment, because the guides are in the final position and the door, inevitably depending on the assembly template on the platform, reaches the correct end position. An additional advantage of this installation sequence is the safety of the construction site due to the immediate closure of the shaft opening on a completed floor.

It is advantageous that the safety cover is positioned at the top position below the floor under construction, after each lift, exactly above the shaft pit frame and carries the solder cords (wires) with it. The lower anchorage of the solder cord (wire) allows the cord to pass through to the reserve spool for lifting the upper solder frame. The alternative alignment of the upper safety cover with the solder frame can be carried out conventionally on site with the usual optical devices.

The top and intermediate covers in the door area are designed to be foldable, so that the complete door units can be let in from above using a construction crane or auxiliary winch, saving time. At the same time, this increases security for the personnel working underneath.

The elevator system according to the invention allows the vast majority of the individual components to be used for different configurations. In this way, the system is flexible and yet easy and quick to adapt to the respective requirements and local conditions.

Claims (4)

Elevator system with a car (6) which can be moved along a support frame (8), characterized in that the support frame consists of individual parts which can be built up even with large delivery heights without the provision of a continuous frame. Elevator system according to claim 1, characterized by an assembly platform which can be used during the construction of the elevator shaft for conveying the individual parts. Elevator system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the individual parts can be assembled into different types of elevators. Method for assembling an elevator system, characterized in that a solder frame (20) is arranged at an upper position of an elevator shaft, a mounting plate is installed in the lower area of the elevator shaft, solder wires (21) are stretched between the solder frame (20) and the mounting plate (23, 40), rails (8, 8 ') and shaft bracket (25, 25') are fastened vertically one above the other on the mounting plate (23, 40), and a mounting car (53, 59) is guided on the rail (8, 8 ') for further assembly.

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