EP0760699B1 - Dispositif d'avertissement pour masques respiratoires - Google Patents

Dispositif d'avertissement pour masques respiratoires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0760699B1
EP0760699B1 EP95915875A EP95915875A EP0760699B1 EP 0760699 B1 EP0760699 B1 EP 0760699B1 EP 95915875 A EP95915875 A EP 95915875A EP 95915875 A EP95915875 A EP 95915875A EP 0760699 B1 EP0760699 B1 EP 0760699B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
warning device
breathing
mask
opening
sound generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95915875A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0760699A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Hornberger
Willi W. Stumpf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Comasec International SA
Original Assignee
Comasec International SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comasec International SA filed Critical Comasec International SA
Publication of EP0760699A1 publication Critical patent/EP0760699A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0760699B1 publication Critical patent/EP0760699B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/006—Indicators or warning devices, e.g. of low pressure, contamination

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a warning device for breathing connections, in particular breathing masks that can be connected to a breathing gas supply, the warning device for identifying a fault or interruption serves the breathing gas supply, and wherein the warning device off a tone generator responsive to gas flow.
  • Such a disturbance or interruption can result, for example that the connection to a connected blower or a compressed air line is interrupted or no new breathing gas is made available because, for example, the breathing gas bottle is almost or completely is empty.
  • this can mean that the mask wearer Air from the possibly contaminated environment would breathe or would suffocate due to a lack of fresh breathing gas.
  • the mask wearer keeps the breathing gas supply closed and with it already put on breathing mask from the still harmless environment breathes so as not to waste gas unnecessarily.
  • DE-OS 42 for example, is used as a warning device for breathing masks 01 832 a flow indicator for breathing air is known, which at the air outlet end the blower connection of a respirator to display a required breathing air flow is arranged.
  • This flow indicator is designed in the form of a plate and in this way on a guide device movably guided that the plate in existing air flow in the field of view of the mask wearer emerges, while when insufficient Breath air flow jumps back and in view of the A warning flag appears attached to the mask wearer.
  • Such optical warning devices have the major disadvantage, however, that on the one hand they are only suitable for full face masks covering the entire field of vision of the mask wearer, but none for half masks Can find application; on the other hand, they pile up the mask wearer with a lot of unimportant information while available Air flow so that the warning signal in the event of a malfunction can easily go unnoticed, especially if the mask wearer in emergency situations on things other than the constantly moving optical Flow indicator concentrated.
  • the Warning device requires a certain illumination of the mask interior, through which only the mask wearer can perceive the current indicator can.
  • warning devices are extremely sensitive to movement, since even slight air currents cause a shift the plate into the visual field, which means that the much larger, forces exerted on the plate from the outside, for example by the mask wearer caused by walking or changing head posture will cause false reports.
  • An acoustic warning device is also known from FR-A 385 677, which consists of a tone generator responsive to gas flow.
  • the acoustic warning device is in a main line branch - For example, in the connecting line between two oxygen tanks - Arranged and activated when an upstream Valve arrangement briefly opens the branch due to the drop in oxygen pressure, here the main line with the environment for generating the warning sound connects and then the branch due to further pressure drop closes again, which means that there is no further warning.
  • the mask wearer may be able to use this type of warning disregard the mask wearer because they are either too short or too short is quiet.
  • FR-A-880 206 also discloses an acoustic warning device which is disclosed in is arranged in a self-contained system and should warn against this, if the breathing gas supply is not yet open, i.e. the mask wearer still breathing in his previously exhaled air.
  • the object of the invention is a warning device for breathing masks that provide the mask wearer provided with information only in the event of a fault, but also via the total duration of the accident, with all types of breathing connections - with breathing masks and hoods, with full and half masks for over- and Vacuum breathing apparatus - is applicable and by which the manageability known breathing connections can be further improved.
  • the mask wearer By using an acoustic device known per se Warning device in such a way that it opens with a breath mask interacts and on the slightest gas flow between the mask interior and environment or ambient air flow in the opposite direction responds, the mask wearer is only in the event of a fault and also during the entire Duration of the accident or if the breathing gas supply is interrupted provided with appropriate information while in trouble-free State the warning device remains deactivated. Furthermore, the Attach the warning device to every breathing mask without any problem certain position - like the field of view in the prior art - required would. Finally, it allows the placement of the tone generator in a mask opening that the mask wearer intentionally opened this opening can hold to breathe from a still unpolluted environment, being constantly on the sound generator before breathing from the environment is warned. As a result, the operating time of the mask wearer can be reduced of an emergency situation, as it is despite wearing a breathing mask not yet the very limited one before reaching the site Breath gas supply must consume.
  • the respective presetting of the pressure difference - doesn't matter whether overpressure or underpressure breathing apparatus - takes place expediently via at least one spring element, the Depending on the application, effective internally or externally and for example to compensate for the minimum overpressure can be biased.
  • the valve is advantageously provided by a check valve formed that the gas flow only in the event of an accident permits and the deactivation of the warning device ensures in trouble-free condition.
  • the check valve can, for example, from a valve with a check valve consist.
  • the tone generator can be made from one reed set by the flow of gas exist, which advantageously as a check valve itself can act; on the other hand, the sound generator but can also be formed from a simple pipe.
  • Both of the designs listed as examples have one thing in common, that with them even existing breathing masks easily retrofitted without warning device can be because these are individually available conventional tone generator.
  • the warning device serve the To inform mask wearers that he, for example with a breathing mask on before reaching one Emergency site from the still harmless environment breathes
  • the opening of the Breathing mask manually through a first closure element is closable to a second closure element is coupled to block the breathing gas supply. If the first and second closure elements are coupled in such a way that opening the first closure element a simultaneous closing of the second closure element leads and vice versa, this ensures that either from the breathing gas supply or from the environment is breathed.
  • an inventive Warning device it would also be conceivable to include this Filter breathing connections to indicate an increase the breathing resistance to provide, for example to warn of excessive filter clogging, through which the negative pressure in the mask a preset Value and then ambient air through the mask opening and over the sound generator into the Inside the mask flows. This will make the filter breath user informed that to improve the breathing conditions of the filters should be.
  • FIG Form of a tone generator 1 shown in a Breathing mask 2 is attached.
  • breath mask shown 2 is a so-called escape or Working hood with a breathing gas supply line 3 Breathing gas with an overpressure of about half to 10 Millibar is supplied.
  • the not needed and exhaled Gas is constantly via an exhalation valve 4 and to avoid leaks also via the seals to be sealed Connections between the breathing mask and Mask wearers are led outside into the environment.
  • the breathing gas is thus via the supply line according to the arrow e into the inside of the mask led, the mask wearer is there to breathe And is finally available via the exhalation valve 4 discharged into the environment according to arrow a.
  • Figure 2 shows the schematic structure of a check valve 5, an opening on the side facing the environment 6 and on the opposite side facing the inside of the mask Side has two openings 61 and 62 to connect the interior of the mask 1 with the surroundings U and is arranged in a section of the mask wall 7.
  • Inside the check valve is in the Near the opening 6 of the sound generator 1, the one with the open Connection and at the same time prevailing pressure difference between the inside of the mask and the surroundings of it occurring gas flow is applied and this to generate a warning signal in vibration transferred.
  • Check valve 8 positioned so that it is closed Condition of the mask interior from the surroundings seals. Here it lies with one side on one Seal 9, which surrounds a valve opening 10 through which flows the gas when the valve is open.
  • the check valve 8 is in the valve design Figure 2 by two springs, a vacuum spring 11 and a pressure spring 12, which acts on each other attack opposite sides of the check valve and are effective in the opening or closing direction; this is how the vacuum spring supported on the valve housing presses 11 the check valve 8 against the seal 9, while also at least indirectly on the housing supporting pressure spring 12 opposite works.
  • Both springs are used to measure the pressure difference between Preset the interior of the mask and its surroundings Fall below gas through openings 6, 61 and 62 flows and acts on the sound generator 1.
  • Adjustment of the resulting, on the check valve The spring force exerted must depend on the application of the Warning device for positive or negative pressure breathing apparatus can be varied. So indicates with overpressure breathing apparatus falling below a preset Minimum overpressure on disturbances in the breathing gas supply there. Now the resulting spring force is this minimum overpressure adjusted, the valve opens when it falls below of this pressure and gas flows from the inside of the mask out into the environment via the tone generator 1, which thereby generates a warning signal. Will not be another Breathed gas, the pressure ratio changes, until finally negative pressure inside the mask prevails.
  • the check valve 5 is shown in the open position with a gas stream acting on the sound generator 1, which is represented by the arrows w 1 and w 2 .
  • the direction of flow indicated by the arrow w 2 corresponds to the initial flow in the case of positive pressure breathing apparatus; in the later state described above with the reverse pressure gradient and in the case of negative pressure breathing apparatus, the direction of flow is exactly the other way round according to the arrow w 1 .
  • Figure 4 shows in section a part of a breathing mask attachment 20, which is in a tubular coupling element 18 of a breathing mask 17 shown only partially is and a connection for a breathing gas supply 22nd has, over which the mask wearer with cylinder gas is supplied.
  • the coupling element 18 forms and encloses a breathing mask opening 21 in which a connection piece 19 of the essay 20 is guided, which has ambient air openings 23 along its circumference, about the mask wearer when they are opened Ambient air can breathe.
  • the one surrounding the respiratory mask opening 21 functions here front edge 25 of the coupling element 18 as Closure element.
  • This first closure element 25 is via a coupling linkage 24, consisting of a Release switch 30, a rocker arm 31 and a linkage 32, connected to a second closure element 26, through which the breathing gas supply when closed of the second closure element 26 interrupted becomes.
  • the coupling between the two closure elements 25 and 26 is such that always one of the two is in the open position while the other is closed is, whereby either the openings 23 for Ambient air or the breathing gas supply 22, but not both open at the same time.
  • a tone generator insert 27 is also shown in FIG recognize that in the connecting piece 19 of the mask attachment 20, in the area of the openings 23 for ambient air is arranged.
  • the tone generator insert 27 extends only along the circumference of the connecting piece 19 over a portion of the cross section to be sufficient Space for the breathing gas supply from the breathing gas bottle allow. It also seals the openings 23 towards the rest of the mask, but points even several insert openings 28 on the radially inner side of the insert 27 arranged are and through which the gas flow from the environment over the openings 23 into the mask interior via reeds 29 is performed, which in turn due to the pressure on them Gas flow vibrated become.
  • the breathing mask attachment 20 is open Breathing gas supply 22 and closed openings 23 are shown.
  • the gas flow at the tone generator insert 27 passed.
  • the reeds 29 in the constellation according to FIG. 5 not through acted upon a gas flow and therefore not activated.
  • FIG. 6 shows the structure of the tone generator insert 27 from Figures 4 and 5 in cross section corresponding to Line A-A of Figure 4.
  • four Pairs of insert openings 28 distributed on the inside a reed 29 is arranged in each case.
  • the Air is applied to the reeds 29 the four ambient air openings 23, which are in the circular connecting piece 19 are located in the area. Due to the large number of insert openings 28 and reeds 29 can be a fairly large overall cross section of the insertion openings provided become too small without, however, each individual opening 28 to choose, so that even with low air flow a targeted gas flow over the reeds 29 can be done.
  • the Warning device according to the invention for breathing masks in a more reliable manner is because of an accident or an interruption the breathing gas supply always with a pressure difference and thus a gas flow to act on the sound generator between the inside of the mask and the surroundings.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Dispositif d'avertissement pour des éléments de raccordement respiratoires notamment des masques respiratoires, qui peuvent être raccordés à un système d'amenée de gaz respiratoire, le dispositif d'avertissement servant à signaler une perturbation ou une interruption de l'amenée du gaz respiratoire, le dispositif d'avertissement étant constitué par un générateur acoustique répondant à une circulation du gaz, caractérisé en ce
    que le générateur acoustique (1,29) coopère avec au moins une ouverture (6,23) du masque respiratoire (2,27), que l'ouverture relie l'intérieur du masque à l'environnement, que dans l'ouverture du masque respiratoire est disposé un élément de fermeture (5,25) au moyen duquel l'ouverture peut être fermée, et que lorsque l'élément de fermeture est ouvert, le générateur acoustique prévient d'une évacuation du gaz respiratoire dans l'environnement et/ou d'une respiration de l'air ambiant pénétrant à l'intérieur du masque à partir de l'environnement.
  2. Dispositif d'avertissement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce
    que l'élément de fermeture situé dans l'ouverture (6) est une soupape (5), qui, dans l'état sans perturbation, ferme d'une façon étanche l'ouverture (6), mais qui s'ouvre dans le cas d'une perturbation, lorsque la différence de pression entre l'intérieur du masque et l'environnement tombe au-dessous d'une valeur préréglée, pour former un courant de gaz chargeant le générateur acoustique (1).
  3. Dispositif d'avertissement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce
    que le préréglage de la différence de pression s'effectue au moyen d'un élément de ressort (11,12).
  4. Dispositif d'avertissement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce
    que la soupape (5) est une soupape antiretour, qui permet la circulation du gaz dans une seule direction et uniquement dans le cas d'une perturbation.
  5. Dispositif d'avertissement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce
    que le générateur acoustique (1,29) est constitué par une lame de diapason dont la vibration est décalée par la circulation du gaz.
  6. Dispositif d'avertissement selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que
    le générateur acoustique (1,29) fonctionne lui-même en tant que clapet antiretour (8).
  7. Dispositif d'avertissement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce
    que le générateur acoustique (1,29) est constitué par un sifflet.
  8. Dispositif d'avertissement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce
    qu'il est prévu au moins quatre générateurs acoustiques (1,29) branchés en parallèle.
  9. Dispositif d'avertissement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce
    que l'ouverture (23) du masque respiratoire peut être fermée manuellement par un premier élément de fermeture (25), qui est couplé à un second élément de fermeture (26) pour le blocage de l'amenée du gaz respiratoire.
  10. Dispositif d'avertissement selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce
    qu'un premier élément de fermeture (25) et un second élément de fermeture (26) sont couplés de telle sorte qu'une ouverture du premier élément de fermeture conduit à une fermeture simultanée du second élément de fermeture et inversement.
EP95915875A 1994-05-24 1995-04-13 Dispositif d'avertissement pour masques respiratoires Expired - Lifetime EP0760699B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4418020A DE4418020A1 (de) 1994-05-24 1994-05-24 Warneinrichtung für Atem-Masken
DE4418020 1994-05-24
PCT/EP1995/001400 WO1995032022A1 (fr) 1994-05-24 1995-04-13 Dispositif d'avertissement pour masques respiratoires

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0760699A1 EP0760699A1 (fr) 1997-03-12
EP0760699B1 true EP0760699B1 (fr) 2000-06-21

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ID=6518799

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95915875A Expired - Lifetime EP0760699B1 (fr) 1994-05-24 1995-04-13 Dispositif d'avertissement pour masques respiratoires

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0760699B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4418020A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995032022A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2752383B1 (fr) * 1996-08-16 1998-11-06 Intertechnique Sa Equipement de protection respiratoire a indication de mode de fonctionnement
DE102008017497B4 (de) * 2008-04-04 2012-03-29 Msa Auer Gmbh Haube für ein Atemschutzgerät

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR385677A (fr) *
DE693685C (de) * 1935-11-19 1940-07-17 Auergesellschaft Akt Ges Warnvorrichtung fuer Sauerstoffatemschutzgeraete
FR880206A (fr) * 1941-03-29 1943-03-17 Auergesellschaft Ag Dispositif avertisseur pour appareils respiratoires à oxygène
DE1889705U (de) * 1962-05-10 1964-03-19 Draegerwerk Heinr & Bernh Warnvorrichtung fuer atemschutzgeraete.
GB1015303A (en) * 1962-05-10 1965-12-31 Drager Otto H Improvements in or relating to warning devices for respiratory apparatus
DE1708050B1 (de) * 1967-09-16 1971-04-15 Draegerwerk Ag Warnvorrichtung fuer Druckgasatemschutzgeraete

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1995032022A1 (fr) 1995-11-30
DE4418020A1 (de) 1995-11-30
DE59508496D1 (de) 2000-07-27
EP0760699A1 (fr) 1997-03-12

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