EP0754806A1 - Schalung für Betonkonstruktionen - Google Patents

Schalung für Betonkonstruktionen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0754806A1
EP0754806A1 EP96305061A EP96305061A EP0754806A1 EP 0754806 A1 EP0754806 A1 EP 0754806A1 EP 96305061 A EP96305061 A EP 96305061A EP 96305061 A EP96305061 A EP 96305061A EP 0754806 A1 EP0754806 A1 EP 0754806A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
rigid
formwork
bodies
containing surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96305061A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Clifford John Wren
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balfour Beatty PLC
Original Assignee
BICC PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BICC PLC filed Critical BICC PLC
Publication of EP0754806A1 publication Critical patent/EP0754806A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E02D5/185—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ with flexible joint members between sections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E02D5/182—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ using formworks to separate sections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/40—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings for coffered or ribbed ceilings
    • E04G11/46—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings for coffered or ribbed ceilings of hat-like or trough-like shape encasing a rib or the section between two ribs or encasing one rib and its adjacent flat floor or ceiling section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G19/00—Auxiliary treatment of forms, e.g. dismantling; Cleaning devices

Definitions

  • This invention relates to re-usable formwork for casting concrete bodies and more especially (but not exclusively) for forming the end, for the time being, of a concrete body to be extended in a subsequent casting step (hereinafter for brevity called the "growing" end).
  • An important application is in constructing walls below ground level (either to remain so as a “diaphragm wall” or to be exposed by subsequent excavation of the ground to one side of the wall as a retaining wall).
  • Diaphragm walls are generally cast in sections short enough to for the excavation to be supported by a drilling fluid (typically bentonite slurry), and thus require large numbers of joints.
  • a drilling fluid typically bentonite slurry
  • the sides of the excavation itself may be sufficient to contain the concrete, but formwork is normally needed at the growing end of the casting (or at both ends, where the wall is to be extended in both directions), so that the end shall be true enough to ensure proper coupling and sealing to the next section; if the end face is true enough, it may be used to guide the machine excavating for the next section.
  • formwork has been extracted sideways after excavation for the next section is complete by manipulation of the excavating tool or an auxiliary tool.
  • reusable formwork for construction in concrete comprises at least two rigid formwork bodies together forming a containing surface for concrete to be cast and mechanical means for producing forces across the containing surface tending to produce relative movement of the said bodies and sufficient to release one of them from adhesion to concrete cast on the said containing surface.
  • one of the two rigid bodies forms the main structural member of the formwork (though it may itself be of modular construction) and the, or each, other rigid body is a plate closing an aperture in that one rigid member.
  • there is more than one other rigid body not only to allow forces to be distributed over the area of the formwork but also to allow the associated mechanical means to be actuated successively to release all the parts of the formwork.
  • the formwork is of steel, for durability and to allow the dimensional accuracy needed to ensure there is negligible risk of concrete leaking between contacting parts.
  • the said mechanical means are preferably hydraulic jacks, either direct-acting or using levers, wedges or the like to change the direction of movement.
  • Other suitable mechanisms including pneumatic motors and screw jacks) can be used if preferred, for instance because hydraulic power is not readily available on site.
  • the containing surface may be generally flat, but preferably it incorporates at least one projection or recess (for example a vertical rib or channel) to provide mechanical interlock between the concrete sections.
  • rubber or other resilient strips may be inserted partly into longitudinal slots in the formwork so that they may become embedded in the concrete cast against it and may subsequently be pulled free from the formwork when it is released from the concrete and in due course be embedded in the concrete of the next section to be cast.
  • the invention includes a method of casting a concrete wall or other body in successive steps including defining the growing end of the body by reusable formwork comprising at least two rigid formwork bodies together forming a containing surface for the concrete of a first section to be cast and mechanical means for producing forces across the containing surface tending to produce relative movement of the said bodies, casting a first section of the concrete body against the containing surface and after it has set actuating the said mechnical means to produce forces sufficient to release one of the two rigid bodies from adhesion to the concrete and then withdrawing the formwork.
  • the parts may be coupled in a manner allowing relative movement in both directions (using close-fitting sliding surfaces or a compressible gasket to maintain a seal against leakage of concrete) and to be actuated first in a direction to release one (preferably the smaller) of the two rigid bodies and then in the other direction to release the other.
  • the mechanical means associated with them are actuated sequentially so that in a first step at least two of the rigid bodies are released from the concrete and in a second step at least one of them is moved back into contact with the concrete from which it was released in the first step to transmit forces sufficient to release the, or each, rigid body that was not released in the first step.
  • the formwork shown in the drawings is of modular construction and comprises at least two active sections (at top and bottom) spaced apart by plain sections of the same overall plan section.
  • the active sections have a casing 1 (cross-hatched for clear identification) and the plain sections are of the same plan shape except for portions 2 which, for clarity, are shown only in Figure 1.
  • the active sections include a pair of similar rams 3,4 which can be urged outwards by respective hydraulic jacks 5,6 and, in line between them a smaller ram 7 which can be urged outwards by another hydraulic ram 8.
  • Membranes 9, 10, 11 ensure that the rams are leakproof in their unactuated starting positions. Aligned slots are used to hold and position water-stop strips 13, 14.
  • the formwork is set up in the starting position in an initial excavation, either contacting the earth at its ends as shown or if the nature of the ground demands it in conjunction with other formwork, with its back face 12 in nominal contact with the earth 13 of the next section to be excavated, and concrete 16 ( Figure 2) poured to fill the existing excavation 17 and allowed to harden.
  • a new section of excavation 18 is next formed outside the formwork, and then hydraulic jacks 5 and 6 are actuated, urging their rams 3 and 4 towards the concrete and the remainder of the formwork away from it; since the rams have nowhere to go, this moves the remainder of the formwork and releases both the body 1 and the ram 7 from adhesion to the concrete. This leaves the formwork adhered to the concrete only over the area of the rams 3 and 4 and the waterstops 13 embedeed in the concrete.
  • a first alternative design of formwork simply omits the ram 7 and its jack 8; the procedure is as described to the stage of Figure 2 but the rams 3 and 4 are freed from adhesion to the concrete by applying a few blows to the formwork by swinging the excavating apparatus or some other adequately massive object.
  • a second alternative design of formwork also omits the ram 7 and jack 8 but in this case the jacks 5 and 6 are bidirectional and the membranes 9, 10, 11 are replaced by comressible gaskets.
  • the first action for the release of the formwork is to drive the jacks 5 and 6 in the direction to compress the gaskets, so freeing the rams 3 and 4 from adhesion; the second and final is to drive them in the other direction to urge the freed rams 3 and 4 into engagement with the concrete and release the main body 1 of the formwork.
  • the gaskets may be resilient and reusable (e.g. of a foam rubber) or they could be crushable and disposable (e.g. of expanded polystyrene).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
EP96305061A 1995-07-19 1996-07-09 Schalung für Betonkonstruktionen Withdrawn EP0754806A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9514814.4A GB9514814D0 (en) 1995-07-19 1995-07-19 Formwork for construction in concrete
GB9514814 1995-07-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0754806A1 true EP0754806A1 (de) 1997-01-22

Family

ID=10777944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96305061A Withdrawn EP0754806A1 (de) 1995-07-19 1996-07-09 Schalung für Betonkonstruktionen

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0754806A1 (de)
GB (1) GB9514814D0 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110284493A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-09-27 上海隧道工程有限公司 侧向剥离接头装置及其施工方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1634445A1 (de) * 1966-11-08 1970-10-15 Lorenz Dr Ing Hans Verfahren zum Abdichten der senkrechten Arbeitsfugen einer im Untergrund herzustellenden Wand aus Beton oder Stahlbeton
FR2473091A1 (fr) * 1980-01-08 1981-07-10 Sif Entreprise Bachy Dispositif de coffrage autodecoffrant utile pour la realisation d'une paroi moulee dans le sol
EP0414120A1 (de) * 1989-08-24 1991-02-27 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Dichtwand sowie Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
DE9001679U1 (de) * 1990-02-13 1991-06-13 Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH, 8898 Schrobenhausen Vorrichtung zum Lösen von Abschalelementen
EP0440584A1 (de) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-07 Bss Infrag S.A. Verschlagung für eine gegossene Schlitzwand aus bewehrtem Beton und Verfahren für die Verschalung einer solchen Wand

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1634445A1 (de) * 1966-11-08 1970-10-15 Lorenz Dr Ing Hans Verfahren zum Abdichten der senkrechten Arbeitsfugen einer im Untergrund herzustellenden Wand aus Beton oder Stahlbeton
FR2473091A1 (fr) * 1980-01-08 1981-07-10 Sif Entreprise Bachy Dispositif de coffrage autodecoffrant utile pour la realisation d'une paroi moulee dans le sol
EP0414120A1 (de) * 1989-08-24 1991-02-27 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Dichtwand sowie Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
EP0440584A1 (de) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-07 Bss Infrag S.A. Verschlagung für eine gegossene Schlitzwand aus bewehrtem Beton und Verfahren für die Verschalung einer solchen Wand
DE9001679U1 (de) * 1990-02-13 1991-06-13 Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH, 8898 Schrobenhausen Vorrichtung zum Lösen von Abschalelementen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9514814D0 (en) 1995-09-20

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