EP0742539B1 - Système radio d'alarme - Google Patents

Système radio d'alarme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0742539B1
EP0742539B1 EP96105764A EP96105764A EP0742539B1 EP 0742539 B1 EP0742539 B1 EP 0742539B1 EP 96105764 A EP96105764 A EP 96105764A EP 96105764 A EP96105764 A EP 96105764A EP 0742539 B1 EP0742539 B1 EP 0742539B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
radio
alarm
radio alarm
central station
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96105764A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0742539A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Dipl. Ing. Salm
Günter Dr. rer. nat. Haag
Gerhard Staffen
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TELENOT ELECTRONIC GmbH
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TELENOT ELECTRONIC GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radio alarm system.
  • a radio alarm system with an asynchronous system is known Transmission of messages via time channels of different periods.
  • the Message channels in the direction of transmission from the detectors to the central unit, through different, characteristic for the individual detectors Periods of the message repetition are formed.
  • the disadvantage here is that with radio alarm systems, which next to the radio alarm center a variety of detectors or other peripheral devices coding of the individual detectors over different periods can no longer be guaranteed. Even with this Design of the system to a small disturbance in the transmission channel Lead to misidentification.
  • EP-A1-0 293 627 describes a radio transmission method for an alarm system known, in which to transmit information between the radio alarm center and the detectors use the same radio frequency the individual message channels using a time-division multiplex method be formed. These message channels are cyclical, i.e. temporally separately, polled one after the other by the radio alarm center. The, by the permanent query of high "energy consumption” proves itself here as very disadvantageous, so that larger radio alarm systems using this method can also not be built up meaningfully.
  • a radio alarm system is known from DE-OS 40 35 070, which from a radio alarm center with a receiver unit for receiving of radio signals from detectors in the form of data telegrams becomes.
  • the receiver units are designed so that only data telegrams processed by detectors belonging to the radio alarm system, to trigger an alarm or function. Every detector sends thereby at least two radio signals of different carrier frequencies, which are coded the same or different.
  • the Radio alarm center with its receiver unit at least two different ones Radio signals from each detector and checks the affiliation of the Detectors emitting radio signals by checking the coding.
  • a secure transmission of messages between detectors and the radio alarm center The various message channels are used in accordance with EP-A1-0 602 563 using code division multiplexing. Subsequently the spread message channels thus formed are superimposed on one another and converted to a single carrier frequency.
  • DE-PS 43 14 282 is a radio alarm system with a variety of radio transmission channels for the transmission of messages between one Radio alarm center and peripheral facilities described at the carrier frequency required for the transmission is only a single one High frequency oscillator is generated. This can stabilize the frequency the carrier frequency is eliminated even in narrowband operation.
  • the high-frequency oscillator can be controlled by a random generator, which creates unpredictable changes in carrier frequency become.
  • a radio alarm system is described in EP-A1-0 547 458, wherein the transmitter unit of the detector sends an initial radio signal to the Central releases which is received by its receiving unit and in this a request signal for repetition of the first radio signal triggered by the detector and that a random generator generates a code, which is stored in the memory of the computer unit and for processing the radio signal is used.
  • the repeat signal is used of the code received by the control center, which is sent by the sending unit is emitted.
  • the receiving unit of the control center receives this Repetition signal and forwards it to your computer unit in which the received code filtered out and with the one stored in its memory Code is compared. If the received code differs from the saved one Code, an alarm is generated by the control panel, whereas if both codes are identical, the message according to their content and the Condition of the control center is processed.
  • EP-A3-0 484 880 describes a radio alarm system which to increase security against interference by blocking the radio links and against manipulation from the outside provides that each reporting unit the alarm system for a message at least two different radio signals Carrier frequency transmits, which codes the same or different are. Accordingly, the radio alarm center receives with its receivers the at least two radio signals from each reporting unit and checks the Affiliation of the signaling units emitting the radio signals by checking the validity of the coding.
  • an evaluation unit is provided in the receiver unit, which the Field strength of each received radio signal is recorded, the associated data telegrams on the affiliation of the reporting units issuing them to the system analyzed, if an invalid data telegram is found the Value of the received field strength of the radio signal in question with a comparable predeterminable minimum value, and if this minimum value is exceeded by a predeterminable amount, this amount for a specific amount Time must be exceeded, a warning display is triggered.
  • the invention has for its object to a radio alarm system create, which does not have the disadvantages of known systems described.
  • the energy consumption of the radio alarm system should be minimized the time between two maintenance intervals is as large as possible.
  • the radio alarm system should be as installer-friendly as possible this applies to installation, commissioning, maintenance and changes in the overall structure. It is also desirable that the radio alarm system Guidelines of the Association of Property Insurers. Functional safety, the detection of malfunctions and manipulation attempts is therefore of particular importance.
  • the mutual impairment of the message channels by transmission impulses excessive intensity as well as the transmission rate of transmission pulses be as small as possible.
  • Radio alarm system has the advantages that, as far as security-relevant Aspects are not affected, a largely fully automatic learning of System configuration while minimizing the total transmission power and there is also permanent function monitoring of the entire radio alarm system is given. This is the only way to make high Allow installation densities of different radio devices without this adversely affects the function of the individual radio alarm systems or other radio systems or other radio equipment will be disturbed.
  • the radio alarm system is in a block diagram shown. 1 identifies the radio alarm center, which bidirectionally connected to the detectors 2, M1 to Mn via message channels is.
  • the radio alarm system is shown here as an example using the arming device 3, SSE and / or a handheld transmitter 4, HS.
  • Alarm messages as well as fault reports can be made via a transmission device 5, UE, to be forwarded to a targeted group of people, if this is desired.
  • Another way of alerting can be through a Several signaling modules 6, SG, take place, the associated message channel is also realized by a bidirectional radio link.
  • An emergency call alarm module 28, NAM can be used in emergency situations via the radio alarm center 1 and the transmission device 5 one or several - also different ones determined by the operator of the radio alarm system Place - be informed so that targeted relief efforts are initiated can be.
  • Each detector 2 has a code number which is in the microcontroller 7 of the Detector 2, or alternatively stored in the non-volatile data memory 12. This eliminates the need for complex coding switches. The danger multiple assignments of the same code number or other input errors this is considerably reduced by the installer. So that will also a contribution to a simpler and therefore cheaper installation the radio alarm system, while increasing the reliability of the Plant achieved. The documentation of events in the event of an alarm is also provided significantly improved since the code number is also transmitted with every message becomes.
  • the detector can 2 for example as a glass break detector, infrared detector, contact detector, ultrasonic detector, capacitive detector, noise detector, etc.
  • the microcontroller 7 controls the sensor 8 and evaluates its signals. In the event of an alarm the microcontroller 7 sends a corresponding one via the transceiver 9 of the detector 2 Message to the transceiver 9 of the radio alarm center 1, figure 3.
  • the energy supply of the detector 2 is through an energy supply module 11 ensured.
  • specific detector characteristics e.g. Threshold values and code tables, filed. This enables remote parameterization via the radio alarm center 1 possible.
  • the radio alarm center 1 can be operated via the detectors 2 (Ml to Mn) or other peripheral devices or via the transmission device 5 cause activation of the control module 10. So that's it conceivable and possible to effect switching operations. This is another one according to the invention Advantage of the radio alarm system described.
  • the power supply module 11 is in accordance with the guidelines of the association the property insurer (VdS) trained.
  • the invention provided that the power supply module 11 of two equivalent Batteries is formed, the first battery being the full one Ensures power supply to detector 2 until a lower threshold of Capacity is reached. Then by the microcontroller 7 on the second battery switched, which is now the full power supply takes over. This switching process is done via the microcontroller 7 and the transceiver 9 forwarded to the radio alarm center 1. In order to ensures that timely battery replacement is initiated.
  • the structure of the invention has the advantage that the time of replacement delayed for the first battery almost to the life of the second battery can be.
  • the first battery which has been used up to its capacity limit, is replaced, while the second battery reaches its lower threshold takes over complete energy supply.
  • the microcontroller 7 switches then back to the first, now "new" battery. This process is repeated accordingly after each battery change. This makes it flexible Maintenance enabled, with almost complete emptying ensured of the individual batteries also takes ecological aspects into account become. In addition, the storage is limited to the same batteries Capacity.
  • FIG. 3 shows the schematic structure of the radio alarm center 1.
  • the microcontroller 14 controls and monitors the function of the whole Radio alarm system.
  • the radio alarm center is located above the transceiver 9 1 with detectors 2, M1 to Mn and other peripheral devices, such as. SSE, HS, ÜE, SG, in connection.
  • the energy supply module 15 is constructed in accordance with the current technical status. Wired Detectors can be connected via the zone module 16.
  • the radio alarm center 1 can switch the signal generator via a switching module 17 6 and control the transmission device 5.
  • the input module 18 uses the input module 18 the entire system configuration of the radio alarm system entered or changed or acknowledged.
  • the input module 18 can, for example a central display and input unit, an external one Programming device or a conventional computing unit, such as a PC.
  • the chronological sequence of the individual messages is controlled by a clock module 19 detected and stored in the non-volatile central data storage 13.
  • an automatic system configuration of the radio alarm system consists of that a detector 2 or other peripheral device of the radio alarm system automatically after the supply voltage is applied is in initialization mode and therefore periodically a special identification signal sends out, which receives the radio alarm center 1 and clear identification of the detector 2 or other peripheral devices leads.
  • the special identification signal Information about the main characteristics of detector 2 or others peripheral devices, e.g. the serial number and the detector status.
  • the detector 2 or other peripheral setup of the radio alarm system in an internal component list the radio alarm center 1 added. Sends at the same time the radio alarm center 1 sends a signal for confirmation of detection to the detected Detector 2 or the recognized other peripheral device and switches this or these into the "disarmed" operating mode.
  • the radio alarm system can also be operated manually a switch or other device, e.g. of the remote control 4 or the arming device 3, in the initialization mode brought if this should be desired.
  • the internal component list of the radio alarm center 1 viewed by means of the input module 18 and checked for correctness become. If the internal component list is complete, a confirmation is given by entering a confirmation code on the input module 18 the radio alarm center 1. This is the automatic system configuration completed.
  • the additional check on the component list Completeness and the confirmation of the component list makes sense and necessary so that a subsequent change of the component list, e.g. due to the installation or removal of an additional detector or caused by simply replacing a detector.
  • the radio alarm center 1 is again in the initialization mode to switch.
  • the ready-to-use supplemented or replaced detector in turn sends out its specific identification signal, which of the radio alarm center 1 enables the unique identification of the detector 2.
  • the component list is expanded accordingly. After confirmation the completeness of the new component list by entering the Confirmation codes are extensions or additions to the radio alarm system completed.
  • the inventive Radio alarm system directly manually by entering the respective special Identification signals of the detector 2 or other peripheral devices to program on the radio alarm center 1, by means of the input module 18.
  • the special identification signal is identical to that through the corresponding detector 2 or the corresponding peripheral device emitted, special identification signal.
  • Radio alarm center 1 Another option for automatic system configuration is in that after installation of the radio alarm center 1 and all detectors 2 or other peripheral devices the radio alarm center 1 at the instigation of the installer, a prompt signal for identification of the individual associated system components (M1 to Mn, SSE, SG, ÜE, HS), and the system components consecutively with their Report special identification signal to the radio alarm center 1.
  • the Radio alarm center 1 in turn sends a recognition confirmation to the respective detector 2 or the other peripheral devices back and switches this to the "disarmed" operating mode.
  • each detector 2 or any other peripheral device according to a specific Waiting time, for example from the code number of the detector 2 or the corresponding peripheral device is formed, its identification signal transmitted to the radio alarm center 1.
  • This special configuration makes it possible to use various devices according to the invention Install radio alarm systems in the same building or room, without adversely affecting each other Radio alarm systems are created. This becomes all the more important because of the more and more frequent installation of such radio alarm systems in the future Do not install in neighboring apartments or houses from the outset can be excluded.
  • Construction and conception compared to conventional radio alarm systems detect. This is the only way to make radio alarm systems even with high installation densities operate reliably.
  • the interference immunity of a radio alarm system is directly dependent on availability of the message channel or channels used.
  • The is known Formation of the message channels using frequency, time or code multiplexing. All of the methods mentioned are for the implementation of radio alarm systems suggested.
  • a disadvantage of these design methods of the message channels is that due to the unidirectional data transmission from the detectors 2 or other peripheral devices for Radio alarm center 1 transmits every change in the detector status must become. This leads to a problem especially in the "unset" time greatly increased radio activity, which adversely affects the availability of the News channels. With increasing plant size and installation density this is a major disadvantage.
  • transceiver structure i.e. a bidirectional data transmission between the radio alarm center 1 and the detectors 2 or other peripheral Facilities.
  • radio alarm system Another advantage of the radio alarm system described is that that is only sent when an alarm or other Message should be transmitted. This ensures that the news channels are not unnecessarily "occupied” and thus for others or others Data transfers are no longer available or are disrupted. At the same time, the energy supply to the detector 2 or the other peripheral Facilities not through the high-performance notifications to the radio alarm center 1 unnecessarily (see Figure 8)
  • the 4 shows the schematic structure of the arming device 3, SSE, shown.
  • the arming device 3 has a code number, which is stored in the microcontroller 7.
  • the microcontroller 7 monitors the contacts necessary for arming the radio alarm system in the Entrance area of the access doors by means of the monitoring module 20.
  • the monitoring module 20 has a receiving element, which Information from the hand transmitter 4, HS or a special transmitter were sent, received. It can thus be recognized whether the Switching operation on the handheld transmitter 4 took place outside the secured object. In compliance with the guidelines of the Association of Property Insurers thus arming the radio alarm system using the handheld transmitter 4 enables. This represents a further decisive advantage of this configuration the radio alarm system.
  • the control module 21 which for example block lock magnets, impulse door opener and acknowledgment buzzer or controls lamps. Sends in the event of an alarm or during a switching operation the microcontroller 7 via the transceiver 9 of the arming device 3 a corresponding message to the transceiver 9 of the radio alarm center 1.
  • the control and display module 22 enables control of the entire Radio alarm system and displays its operating status. It is also conceivable and possible programming by means of the operating and display module 22 make the radio alarm center 1, of course programming is only possible with the appropriate authorization.
  • the arming device 3 is supplied with energy by an energy supply module 11 ensured. In a non-volatile data storage 12, specific characteristics of the arming device 3 are stored.
  • the handheld transmitter 4 has a code number that is stored in the microcontroller 7 or in the non-volatile data memory 12.
  • the keyboard matrix 24 is used to enter control and switching commands and is evaluated by the microcontroller 7.
  • the Notification module 26 can, for example, be an acoustic alarm (buzzer), a vibrator or an electrification device. This enables a so-called Buttler function to be implemented, i.e.
  • the One or more selected detectors 2 are triggered directly via the Hand transmitter 4 reported to the operator.
  • a transmission element 27 becomes the receiving element of the monitoring module 20 of the arming device 3 controlled.
  • the hand transmitter 4 is supplied with energy through a special power supply module 23. For energy saving and to increase safety, the Buttler mode is switched off independent if specified criteria are met.
  • FIG. 6 shows the schematic structure of the emergency call alarm module 28 shown.
  • the emergency call alarm module 28 has a code number, which are stored in the microcontroller 7 or in the non-volatile data memory 12 is.
  • An emergency call is triggered via a switching module 29, which is evaluated by the microcontroller 7.
  • the switching module 29 can for example, a button or a switch or dead man's switch.
  • the Emergency call alarm module 28 is via the transceiver 9 with the radio alarm center 1 in connection.
  • the switching module 29 Depending on the design of the Emergency call alarm module 28 are two different reaction options provided for the person. A first way is inside confirm the warning signal during the reaction period. this happens by pressing the switching module 29 again. When the emergency call is confirmed transmits the radio alarm center 1 via the transmission device 5, a corresponding message to a designated location.
  • the the second option provides that automatically after the reaction period the emergency call by the radio alarm center 1, via the transmission device 5 is discontinued. However, it is within the response period possible, by actuating the switching module 29, the emergency call forwarding to prevent.
  • the selection module 30 allows a flexible request for help. For example, the selection module 30, for example by means of a selection switch, the emergency call alerting module 28 to different emergency situations be adjusted. According to the invention, this is useful in order to avoid unnecessary Avoid alerting the emergency doctor, if appropriate assistance can also be done by a neighbor, for example.
  • the energy supply for the emergency alarm module 28 is carried out by a special power supply module 23.
  • radio alarm center 1 it is conceivable and possible to cyclically test the radio connection, through periodic polling and monitoring of the received field strengths of radio alarm center 1 and emergency call alarm module 28 to activate the notification module 26. Leaves about the needy Person, with the emergency alerting module 28, the reception area for a certain predefined time is carried out via the notification module 26 a warning to the person concerned. Of course, the output Warning by the radio alarm center 1 saved if necessary and processed further.
  • FIG. 7 shows the schematic structure of a signal transmitter module 6.
  • the microcontroller 7 controls and monitors the function of the signal generator module 6. Via the transceiver 9, the signal transmitter module 6 is available the radio alarm center 1 in connection.
  • the energy supply module 15 is constructed in accordance with the current technical status. Wired Detectors can be connected via the zone module 16.
  • the signaling module 6 can switch conventional signaling means via the switching module 17 head for.
  • Each signal transmitter module 6 has a code number, those in the microcontroller 7 of the signaling module 6 or alternatively in the non-volatile Data storage 12 is stored.
  • the microcontroller receives 7 a corresponding one via the transceiver 9 of the signal generator module 6 Message from the transceiver 9 of the radio alarm center 1.
  • FIG 8 shows a schematic representation of the transmission activities of the invention Radio alarm system compared to conventional radio alarm systems.
  • An example is a radio alarm system, built with 64 Considered detectors. You put in conventional radio alarm systems based on an average reporting interval of approx. 15 minutes 64 motion detectors 6144 messages per day.
  • conventional systems where the individual components, e.g. the detectors only with one or several transmitters, it is imperative that each triggering of a detector by a corresponding radio signal from the radio alarm center 1 is communicated.
  • all messages are repeated several times. Thereby there is a high radio traffic density with the already mentioned negative ones Effects on the availability of the radio alarm channels. As for every message Approx. 3 seconds are needed, there is a medium availability of about 80%.
  • the radio operation of the radio alarm system according to the invention is limited refer only to messages of internal status changes, e.g. sharp / out of focus or disarmed / armed as well as status queries, fault messages and alarm messages. This is due to the dialog ability (transceiver structure) of the individual components of the radio alarm system. The availability of the Radio channels are thus significantly improved.
  • the transition of the radio alarm system from the unset - to the armed state is shown in FIG. 9.
  • SSE By actuating the arming device 3, SSE at time t 0 , an identification signal containing the arming request SSA is sent to the radio alarm center 1.
  • the radio alarm center 1 then sends out a "wake-up signal" WS which puts the various detectors 2, M1 to Mn in the ready-to-receive state.
  • the time period T w of the "wake-up signal” must be somewhat longer than the maximum "rest period" T R of the individual detectors 2.
  • the associated receiving devices can only be switched to receive at certain times.
  • the resulting "energy saving" is due to the intervening Rest time TR determined.
  • a "switch command" MSS is then transmitted from the unset to the armed state to all detectors 2 or other peripheral devices of the radio alarm system by the radio alarm center 1.
  • the individual n detectors 2 or other peripheral devices are now successively addressed by the radio alarm center 1 by transmitting an address word AM1 to AMm ( m > n ).
  • the associated detectors 2 or other peripheral devices confirm the successful change to the armed state in direct connection to the addressing by a "feedback signal" RM1 to RMm or transmit a fault message to the radio alarm center 1.
  • a further acknowledgment signal SSQ is transmitted to the arming device 3, SSE. Only now, ie at time t 1 , is the radio alarm system in the armed state. If there is a fault message on the radio alarm center 1, the radio alarm system as a whole cannot be armed.
  • FIG. 10 shows the transition of the radio alarm system from the armed to the unset state.
  • an arming request USSA is sent to the radio alarm center 1 by means of the arming device 3, SSE.
  • the radio alarm center 1 confirms the disarming request by an acknowledgment signal USSQ, which is confirmed by the arming device 3, SSE by transmitting a control word KW.
  • the radio alarm system changes to the disarmed state.
  • the individual detectors 2 or other peripheral devices are then put into the ready-to-receive state by a "wake-up signal" WS.
  • a global detector unset signal MUST, all detectors 2 or other peripheral devices are set to the unset state at time t 4 .
  • FIG. 11 shows the change between different message channels A, B in the event of external radio influences.
  • the two message channels A, B are disturbed within different time intervals F s .
  • the radio alarm center is switched to the free message channel B if the interference of message channel A lasts longer than a predetermined time interval T f .
  • the length of the time interval T f is determined by the time required to identify the interference signal.
  • the message channel B is now used by the radio alarm center 1 until a further change to the message channel A takes place due to an impairment of the message channel B.
  • both message channels A and B are disturbed at the same time according to the invention, there is a constant change between message channels A and B with the frequency 1 / T f . If the simultaneous disturbance of the message channels A and B lasts longer than a predetermined time T AB , the radio alarm center 1 displays a disturbance. If disturbances persist for an even longer period of time T AC , a fault message is output.
  • each detector 2 or any other device sequentially emits a first test signal of maximum transmission power, which is transmitted by the radio -Alarm center 1 received and evaluated in terms of reception quality.
  • the radio alarm center 1 sends a corresponding first setting signal to the peripheral device which is just being subjected to the setting process, which leads to a reduction in the transmission power by a predefined value.
  • a second setting signal is sent if it is exceeded, which causes a further reduction in the transmission power of the peripheral device under consideration.
  • This step-by-step adaptation of the transmission power continues until the threshold value S max is finally fallen below for the first time. In this case, a confirmation signal is sent out by the radio alarm center 1, which leads to the storage of the transmission power determined in this way.
  • the predetermined threshold value S max characterizes the minimum transmission power to be applied by the respective peripheral device, which is required for the safe maintenance of the respective radio transmission channels. This has the advantages that not only is the greatest possible protection of the energy reserves (batteries) of the peripheral devices achieved, but also the mentioned goal of minimizing radio interference with other radio devices is achieved.
  • the transmission power is gradually increased until the transmission power S min is exceeded again. If this is no longer possible, a message is issued via the operating and display module 22.
  • the transmission power is expediently queried each time the radio alarm system is activated.
  • a radio signal identifying the alarm is sent.
  • the radio alarm center 1 receives this signal, acknowledges receipt and ends the Alarm transmission.
  • Coding is carried out to prevent disarming by third parties of radio signals, with special emphasis on functional reliability the radio alarm system is placed. Furthermore, the necessary Radio activities should be as low as possible.
  • This further Code signal is made up of information contained in a center-specific Code memories are stored and on the by means of a random number generator is accessed, formed, at the same time the chronological order of the Random numbers are also used as a coding criterion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Système d'alarme radio, composé
    d'une centrale d'alarme radio (1) comprenant un émetteur-récepteur (9), un microcontrôleur (14), un module (16) de groupes de détecteurs, un module (15) d'alimentation en énergie, un module (17) de commutation, un module de saisie (18), un module d'horloge (19) et une mémoire de données non volatile (13) de la centrale, et
    d'au moins un détecteur (2) comprenant un émetteur-récepteur (9), un microcontrôleur (7), une mémoire de données non volatile (12), un module d'alimentation en énergie, un module de commande (10) et un capteur (8), et
    d'au moins un dispositif d'armement (3) comprenant un émetteur-récepteur (9), un microcontrôleur (7), une mémoire de données non volatile (12), un module (11) d'alimentation en énergie, un module de surveillance (20), un module de pilotage (21) et un module de commande et d'affichage (22), et
    d'au moins un émetteur à main (4) comprenant un émetteur-récepteur (9), un microcontrôleur (7), une mémoire de données non volatile (12), une matrice de clavier (24), un module d'affichage (25), un module d'information (26), un module spécial (23) d'alimentation en énergie, ainsi qu'un élément émetteur (27), et
    d'au moins un module avertisseur externe (6) comprenant un émetteur-récepteur (9), un microcontrôleur (7), une mémoire de données non volatile (12), un module (15) d'alimentation en énergie, un module (16) de groupes de détecteurs, ainsi qu'un module de commutation (17), et
    d'un dispositif transmetteur (5), et
    d'au moins un module d'alerte par appel de secours (28) comprenant un émetteur-récepteur (9), un microcontrôleur (7), une mémoire de données non volatile (12), un module de commutation (29), un module de sélection (30), un module d'information (26), un module spécial (23) d'alimentation en énergie,
    où
    la centrale d'alarme radio (1) est en communication radioélectrique, par l'intermédiaire des transmetteurs-récepteurs (9), avec les détecteurs (2), le dispositif d'armement (3), les émetteurs à main (4) et avec un ou plusieurs modules avertisseurs (6), ceci via au moins deux canaux de télécommunication, où, en cas de parasitage de l'un des canaux de télécommunication, une commutation de la centrale d'alarme radio (1) sur un canal de télécommunication libre est effectuée, si le parasitage du canal de télécommunication persiste pendant une durée plus longue qu'un intervalle de temps prédéterminé, le canal de télécommunication ainsi sélectionné étant ensuite utilisé jusqu'au moment où, du fait d'une dégradation de ce canal de télécommunication, un nouveau changement vers un autre canal de télécommunication s'impose, et où, en cas d'un parasitage simultané de plusieurs canaux de télécommunication pendant une durée prédéterminée, l'affichage d'un parasitage intervient,
    en cas d'un signalement d'alarme, un signal caractéristique d'une alerte est émis, la centrale d'alarme radio (1) recevant ce signal et confirmant la réception de celui-ci par l'émission d'un signal spécial d'acquittement, terminant ainsi en même temps la transmission de l'alarme du détecteur (2) ou d'un autre dispositif périphérique vers la centrale d'alarme radio (1),
    les signaux radio subissent un codage spécial,
    le signal radio requis pour la commutation de désarmement véhiculant, outre le signal d'identification, un autre signal codé qui est constitué d'informations enregistrées dans la mémoire de données (13) de la centrale, à laquelle on accède au moyen d'un générateur de nombres aléatoires, la séquence chronologique des nombres aléatoires étant en même temps co-employée en tant que critère de codage,
    chaque détecteur (2), chaque dispositif d'armement (3), chaque émetteur à main (4), chaque module d'alerte par appel de secours (28) et chaque module avertisseur (6) possédant son propre numéro de code enregistré dans le microcontrôleur correspondant (7) et/ou dans la mémoire de données non volatile correspondante (12), le numéro de code correspondant étant co-transmis à chaque signalement,
    selon la configuration du capteur (8), le détecteur (2) est réalisé sous forme d'un détecteur de bris de glace et/ou sous forme d'un détecteur à infrarouge et/ou d'un détecteur à contacteur et/ou d'un détecteur à ultrasons et/ou d'un détecteur capacitif et/ou d'un détecteur de bruits,
    la centrale d'alarme radio (1) peut déclencher des opérations de commutation, par l'intermédiaire des détecteurs (2) ou des autres dispositifs périphériques (3, 4, 6, 28), ou par l'intermédiaire du dispositif de transmission (5), par activation du module de commande (10),
    le module (11) d'alimentation en énergie est constitué de deux batteries équivalentes, la première batterie assurant la totalité de l'alimentation en énergie du détecteur (2) jusqu'à ce qu'elle ait atteint une valeur seuil inférieure de sa capacité, le microcontrôleur (7) commutant ensuite sur l'autre batterie qui assure maintenant la totalité de l'alimentation en énergie, jusqu'à ce qu'elle ait atteint sa valeur seuil inférieure, l'opération de commutation étant transmise, via le microcontrôleur (7) et le émetteur-récepteur (9), à la centrale d'alarme radio (1), appelant ainsi au remplacement de la batterie,
    le module d'information (26) peut être un avertisseur sonore, un avertisseur vibreur ou un dispositif d'électrisation,
    une adaptation automatique des puissances émettrices respectives des détecteurs (2), des dispositifs d'armement (3), des émetteurs à main (4) et de chaque module avertisseur (6) est effectuée en ce que, pendant une première phase "d'apprentissage", qui s'effectue soit immédiatement avant ou après l'achèvement de la configuration automatique du système, soit de façon spécialement déclenchée au moyen du module de saisie (18), chaque détecteur (2) ou chaque autre dispositif périphérique émet successivement un premier signal test d'une puissance d'émission maximale, qui est reçu par la centrale d'alarme radio (1), et en ce que, si la puissance reçue dépasse une valeur seuil prédéterminée supérieure, la centrale d'alarme radio (1) émet un premier signal de réglage au détecteur correspondant (2) ou à tout autre dispositif périphérique, signal qui produit une réduction de la puissance d'émission d'une valeur prédéterminée, où, après une nouvelle comparaison entre la puissance reçue et la valeur seuil prédéterminée, une réduction supplémentaire de la puissance d'émission est effectuée, au moyen des signaux de réglage, jusqu'à ce que la valeur tombe pour la première fois en dessous de la valeur seuil, la centrale d'alarme radio (1) communiquant ce fait en émettant un signal de confirmation aux détecteurs (2) ou aux autres dispositifs périphériques, ceux-ci enregistrant alors la valeur de la puissance d'émission ainsi déterminée dans leur mémoire non volatile (12), et où, si la puissance d'émission du détecteur (2) ou d'un autre dispositif périphérique tombe en dessous d'une valeur seuil inférieure, une augmentation successive de la puissance d'émission est effectuée grâce à l'émission d'un autre signal de réglage, jusqu'à ce que la puissance d'émission se situe à nouveau dans l'intervalle compris entre les valeurs seuils supérieure et inférieure, où, si la puissance d'émission ne peut plus être correctement réglée, un message est produit via le module (22) de commande et d'affichage,
    une configuration automatique du système est réalisée en ce qu'après l'application de la tension d'alimentation aux détecteurs (2) ou aux autres dispositifs périphériques (3, 4, 6, 28), ceux-ci se trouvent automatiquement en mode initialisation et émettent ainsi périodiquement un signal spécial d'identification que reçoit la centrale d'alarme radio (1) et qui entraíne une identification univoque des détecteurs (2), du dispositif d'armement (3), des émetteurs à main (4), du module avertisseur (6) et des modules d'alerte par appel de secours (28), le signal spécial d'identification contenant des informations concernant les caractéristiques principales des détecteurs (2) ou des autres dispositifs périphériques (3, 4, 6, 28), telles que par exemple le numéro de série continu et l'état du détecteur, et en ce que la centrale d'alarme radio (1) constitue en même temps une liste interne des composants, qui peut être consultée et/ou modifiée au moyen du module de saisie (18), et close par la saisie d'un code de confirmation via le module de saisie (18), ou en ce qu'après l'installation de la centrale d'alarme radio (1) et de tous les détecteurs (2) ou autres dispositifs périphériques (3, 4, 6, 28), la centrale d'alarme radio (1) émet, suite à la demande de l'installateur, un signal d'invitation à identification des différents composants associés (2, 3, 4, 6, 28) du système, et que les composants du système se présentent, les uns après les autres, par leur signal d'identification spécial, auprès de la centrale d'alarme radio (1), et que la centrale d'alarme radio (1) émet une confirmation de reconnaissance au détecteur correspondant (2) ou à l'autre dispositif périphérique correspondant et le commute en son mode de fonctionnement désarmé, et en ce qu'en même temps, une liste interne des composants est constituée, qui peut être consultée et/ou modifiée au moyen du module de saisie (18), et close par la saisie d'un code de confirmation via le module de saisie (18),
    le système d'alarme radio peut également être amené en mode initialisation par actionnement manuel d'un commutateur et/ou de l'émetteur à main (4) et/ou du dispositif d'armement (3),
    le microcontrôleur (7) du dispositif d'armement (3) surveille les contacts nécessaires pour un armement du système d'alarme radio au moyen du module de surveillance (20) et reçoit, via l'élément récepteur du module de surveillance (20), un signal d'identification qui a été émis par l'intermédiaire d'un élément émetteur (27) de l'émetteur à main (4) et/ou par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif émetteur spécial,
    le module de saisie (18) peut être une unité d'affichage et de saisie propre à la centrale, un appareil de programmation externe, ou une unité de calcul classique, par exemple un PC,
    le module avertisseur (6) peut piloter des avertisseurs classiques via le module commutateur (17),
    le module d'alerte par appel de secours (28) peut être activé, dans des situations d'urgence, à la demande de l'utilisateur, par actionnement du module de commutation (29), par exemple par pression sur un bouton ou par actionnement d'un contacteur, un signal d'identification correspondant d'un appel de secours étant alors émis à la centrale d'alarme radio (1) via l'émetteur-récepteur (9), la centrale d'alarme radio (1) émettant un signal d'avertissement au module d'alerte par appel de secours qui devra être actionné dans un intervalle de temps de réaction prédéterminé, par exemple en rappuyant sur un bouton ou en actionnant à nouveau un contacteur, l'intervalle de temps de réaction correspondant étant affiché via le module d'information (26), et, à l'issue de l'intervalle, la centrale d'alarme radio (1) amenant le dispositif transmetteur (5) à transmettre un message correspondant à un organisme prévu à cet effet, ou alors l'appel de secours étant exécuté automatiquement par la centrale d'alarme radio (1), via le dispositif transmetteur (5), après écoulement de l'intervalle de temps de réaction, le module d'alerte par appel de secours pouvant être réglé pour différentes situations de détresse, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'un module de sélection (30), et pouvant ainsi émettre différents signaux d'identification d'appel de secours qui entraínent l'alerte de différents organismes, accompagnée de différents messages,
    le module d'alerte par appel de secours (28) effectue un essai cyclique de la liaison radioélectrique, par exemple par une interrogation périodique et surveillance des intensités de champ de réception de la centrale d'alarme radio (1) et du module d'alerte par appel de secours (28), et active le module d'information (26), si l'on quitte la zone de réception pendant une certaine durée prédéterminée, la centrale d'alarme radio (1) pouvant effectuer un traitement plus approfondi et l'enregistrement des informations d'intensité de champ.
  2. Système d'alarme radio selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, pour assurer une reconnaissance univoque des différents détecteurs (2) ou autres dispositifs périphériques (3, 4, 6, 28), chaque détecteur (2) ou chaque autre dispositif périphérique (3, 4, 6, 28) transmet son signal d'identification pour la configuration du système à la centrale d'alarme radio (1) au bout d'un temps d'attente spécifique qui se calcule par l'intermédiaire d'un algorithme à partir du numéro de code.
  3. Système d'alarme radio selon les revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel, suite à un actionnement manuel d'un commutateur ou suite à un déclenchement effectué via un émetteur à main (4) ou un dispositif d'armement (6), la centrale d'alarme radio (1) est commutée en mode initialisation.
  4. Système d'alarme radio selon les revendications 1 à 3, où la constitution de la liste interne des composants du système d'alarme radio s'effectue directement par l'acquisition des signaux d'identification spéciaux correspondants des détecteurs (2) ou autres dispositifs périphériques (3, 4, 6, 28), via le module de saisie (18) de la centrale d'alarme radio (1), via le module de commande et d'affichage (22) du dispositif d'armement (3), ou via la matrice de clavier (24) de l'émetteur à main (4), le signal d'identification spécial étant associé au signal d'identification spécial émis par le détecteur concerné (2) ou par l'autre dispositif périphérique (3, 4, 6, 28).
  5. Système d'alarme radio selon les revendications 1 à 4, où une alerte est donnée via le module d'information (26) de l'émetteur à main (4), depuis la centrale d'alarme radio (1), si une alarme a été déclenchée sur un ou plusieurs détecteur(s) sélectionné(s) (2), cette fonction particulière pouvant être arrêtée directement au moyen de la matrice de clavier (24), ou via un critère prédéterminé et/ou réglable au moyen de la matrice de clavier (24) de l'émetteur à main (4).
  6. Système d'alarme radio selon les revendications 1 à 5, où le module (28) d'alerte par appel de secours est intégré dans un bracelet spécial ou un émetteur à main.
  7. Système d'alarme radio selon les revendications 1 à 6, où seulement deux canaux de télécommunication sont prévus.
  8. Système d'alarme radio selon les revendications 1 à 7, où les modules avertisseurs (6) peuvent aussi être commandés via des liaisons câblées.
EP96105764A 1995-05-10 1996-04-12 Système radio d'alarme Expired - Lifetime EP0742539B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19517037 1995-05-10
DE19517037A DE19517037A1 (de) 1995-05-10 1995-05-10 Funk-Alarmanlage

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EP0742539B1 true EP0742539B1 (fr) 2000-03-01

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EP0742539A1 (fr) 1996-11-13
DE19517037A1 (de) 1996-11-14
DE59604512D1 (de) 2000-04-06

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