EP0732559B1 - Trockner für Tonwaren - Google Patents

Trockner für Tonwaren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0732559B1
EP0732559B1 EP96400523A EP96400523A EP0732559B1 EP 0732559 B1 EP0732559 B1 EP 0732559B1 EP 96400523 A EP96400523 A EP 96400523A EP 96400523 A EP96400523 A EP 96400523A EP 0732559 B1 EP0732559 B1 EP 0732559B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
drying
products
alignments
box structures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96400523A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0732559A1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Hatton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceric SA
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Ceric SA
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Publication of EP0732559B1 publication Critical patent/EP0732559B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/022—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure with provisions for changing the drying gas flow pattern, e.g. by reversing gas flow, by moving the materials or objects through subsequent compartments, at least two of which have a different direction of gas flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/14—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dryer such as those used in the terracotta industry.
  • the manufacturing of this type of product involves essentially three phases: in a first phase the earth is shaped either by molding or by spinning by extrusion which requires it to be in a semi-pasty state that is to say having a high percentage of humidity; then in a second phase the shaped products but raw are dried so as to contain practically no more water; and finally they are cooked at high temperature in a baking oven.
  • the present invention relates to a dryer for the implementation of the second phase.
  • the raw and moist products are placed on racks; the racks are arranged in superimposed layers on wagons which are introduced into an enclosure. This the enclosure is then crossed by a current of air which causes drying of raw products.
  • the drying method according to the present invention consists of depositing the products on low racks width that can accommodate one or two on this width products to dry, stack these racks so as to constitute alignments of small width and large length then to have these alignments in an enclosure so that each alignment is framed by two spaces one of which is under pressure and the other under depression so that the drying air crosses said alignment with a practically constant speed, this after which it is regulated in temperature and humidity then recycled so that the products receive all practically the same amount of air, at the same temperature and at the same humidity level.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for the implementation of this method according to claim 3.
  • the present invention on the other hand the advantage of being usable as well for dryers so-called "chamber” only for "tunnel” type dryers.
  • FIG. 1 represents an enclosure 1, in the middle of which one has arranged an alignment 2 of racks 3 bearing 6 products to dry.
  • the racks 3 are provided with means which allow stack them on top of each other while sparing enough space for air to circulate between each product 6 and the bottom of the rack 3 which is above. These means are known in themselves. As is shown by way of example in FIGS. 5 and 10, the racks can have a section in H.
  • these racks have a small width and carry only one or possibly two products 6.
  • narrow width we mean a dimension corresponding to the dimensions of a brick or tile, like mechanical tile, that is to say about 40 cm.
  • These racks 3 are arranged in stacks, aligned the one behind the other in order to achieve what we will hereinafter call an “alignment”, that is to say a kind of wall having a thickness of the order of 50 cm determined by the width of the racks 3, a height of the order of 1.5 m to 2 m, and a length corresponding to the length of the drying chamber.
  • the racks can be square or be rectangular as shown in the figures. In all cases, their width must be small, of of the order of 50 cm and their length is adapted to the means of handling available: what matters is that the width of the alignments 2 is small, that is to say around 50 cm.
  • alignment 2 is placed in the middle of enclosure 1, which has the effect that it is framed by two volumes A and B.
  • the drying air is brought to the enclosure by a line 7 and then brought to volume A via line 8; this air passes from A to B crossing alignment 2; then is evacuated via line 10.
  • drying air going from space A (under pressure) towards space B (under depression) does not crosses only one alignment 2. It is then regulated in temperature and humidity before being re-breathed into A and to cross again the alignment 2.
  • the return line 10 has an outlet bypass 10a provided with a valve 10b; distribution line 7 comprises a fan 11 a heating means 12 and a fresh air supply line 13. When there is too much air charged with humidity, it is evacuated in 10a and air outside is introduced at 13, pulsed by the fan 11 and reheated in 12.
  • circuit 7, 13, 11, 12, 8, 10 will hereinafter be called the recycling circuit, even if the air is only partially recycled, some being evacuated in 10a and part being newly admitted in 13.
  • the method according to the invention therefore consists in making cross only one narrow alignment at a time by drying air. This width being small and the air circulation can be reversed, this results that all 6 products receive practically the same amount of air at the same temperature and to the same degree hygrometric, which it is not possible to obtain with known devices.
  • Figures 3 to 6 show a third example production of a drying device using the method according to the invention.
  • the dryer consists of an enclosure 1 parallelepiped inside which are arranged parallel to each other two alignments 2a and 2b of stacked screens.
  • Each alignment 2a or 2b consists of a succession of stacks of racks 3.
  • the alignments 2 are made by aligning end to end six stacks of racks 3.
  • the two alignments 2a and 2b are arranged so that they are parallel to each other and parallel to the side walls of enclosure 1 so to provide between the two alignments 2a, 2b a space A and outside these two alignments, two spaces B, one spaces B being between the alignment 2a and the side wall of the enclosure 1 which is close to it and the other space B being between the alignment 2b and the other side wall of enclosure 1.
  • the method according to the invention consists in making circulate the ventilation air either from A to both spaces B crossing the alignments 2a, 2b or vice versa from outdoor spaces B to space interior A.
  • Each box 4 is pierced with a plurality orifices 5.
  • the caissons 4 occupying the volumes B will only be provided with orifices 5 on the side facing a alignment, 2a or 2b.
  • the left outer box 4 in Figure 2 will be provided with holes 5 only on its side right, the right exterior box 4 will not be provided with orifices 5 only on its left side and the inner box 4 will be provided with orifices 5 on its two sides.
  • the orifices 5 will be disposed of so as to be each above a rack 3; But it is not compulsory because you have to be able to use 3 heights in the same dryer "h" varied.
  • the drying air circulation is ensured by a distribution pipe 7, disposed above the alignments 2, which by means of several pipes vertical 8 feeds the central box 4 (corresponding inside volume A); while the air entering the side boxes 4 (corresponding to volumes B), after be passed on the products 6 through the alignments 2 (2a, 2b), is brought back by two lines 10 to the line of distribution 7.
  • this conduct of distribution 7 includes a fan 11 and a means of heating (or heat exchanger) 12; lines 8 are provided with valves 9 and the lines 10, with outputs 10a controlled by l0b valves.
  • Means such as fan 11 and valves 9 allow the air flow in the different caissons and even in different zones of the same set of boxes since there are several lines 8 each provided with a valve 9.
  • the heating means 12 makes it possible to adjust the temperature.
  • the drying air is constantly recycled in the circuit consisting of line 7, lines 8, boxes 4 and pipes 10, with, as was explained above evacuation or not of air having loaded humidity on products 6 and introduction or no fresh air through the opening (s) 13.
  • the stacks 2 are brought inside the enclosure 1 by conveyors 14 and the enclosure is closed by a door 15, which, as in the example shown, can be a rolling shutter.
  • the device intended for the implementation of the drying process according to the invention in relation to Figures 1 to 6 is a dryer of the type called "chamber" that is to say inside which the products remain motionless inside the enclosure throughout the drying operation.
  • the enclosure 1 has much larger dimensions so that one will have a plurality of alignments, that is to say n, so that these n alignments will be framed by n + 1 volumes of circulation (A or B), in which there will be n + 1 boxes 4.
  • Alignments 2 are made identically of what has been described above, as well as the boxes 4.
  • the present invention has been described in connection with the problem of drying raw products in the ground before their baking in an oven, in the earth industry cooked; but it is obvious that it is not limited to this particular application and can be used to any drying of any products.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Verfahren zum Trocknen von Produkten, wie insbesondere von Rohprodukten, die in einem Ofen gebrannt werden sollen, durch Ventilation, wobei man die zu trocknenden Produkte (6) auf Rosten (3) von geringer Breite ablegt, die auf dieser Breite ein oder zwei zu trocknende Produkte aufnehmen können, man ferner diese Roste (3) so stapelt, daß sie zumindest eine Reihe (2) von geringer Breite und großer Länge bilden, und man anschließend diese Reihe oder diese Reihen (2) in einem Trocknungsraum (1) so anordnet, daß jede Reihe zwischen zwei Räumen (A, B) liegt, deren einer unter Druck und deren anderer unter Unterdruck steht, so daß die Trocknungsluft die Reihe (2) mit einer praktisch konstanten Geschwindigkeit durchströmt, worauf ihre Temperatur und ihre Feuchtigkeit reguliert werden und sie zumindest teilweise rezykliert wird derart, daß die zu trocknenden Produkte (6) praktisch dieselbe Luftmenge mit derselben Temperatur und mit derselben relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit erhalten.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem man die Zirkulation der Luft im Laufe ein und desselben Trocknungszyklusses periodisch umkehrt.
  3. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einer Einfassung (1) besteht, die wenigstens eine Reihe (2) von übereinandergestapelten Rosten (3) aufnimmt, wobei diese Roste (3) eine geringe Breite aufweisen und die Einfassung (1) Räume (A oder B) umfaßt, die so angeordnet sind, daß sie jede Reihe (2) umgeben, wobei einer derselben unter Druck und der andere unter Unterdruck steht und diese Räume über Leitungen (7, 8, 10) mit Luftzirkulationsmitteln (11) verbunden sind, in denen die Luft hinsichtlich ihrer Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit geregelt und zumindest teilweise rezykliert wird.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, bei der Kassetten (4), die mit Öffnungen (5) versehen sind, in den unter Druck stehenden Räumen (A) angeordnet sind.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, bei der Kassetten (4), die mit Öffnungen (5) versehen sind, in allen Räumen (A oder B) angeordnet sind.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Inneren der Einfassung (1) n Reihen (2) und n + 1 Kassetten (4) vorgesehen sind.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, bei der die Roste (3) eine Breite in der Größe von 40 cm aufweisen, entsprechend den Abmessungen eines Mauerziegels oder eines Falzziegels, so daß jede Reihe (2) eine Art Mauer bildet, deren Dicke durch die Breite des Rostes (3) festgelegt ist, wobei ihre Länge als Funktion der Länge der Einfassung (1) bestimmt ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, bei der die Seitenwände der Kassetten (4) mit seitlichen Öffnungen (5) versehen sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, bei der die Kassetten (4), die zwischen zwei Reihen (2) eingeschlossen sind, mit Öffnungen (5) an ihren beiden Seitenwänden versehen sind, während die zwei äußeren Kassetten (4) nur auf der den Reihen zugewandten Seite Öffnungen (5) aufweisen.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, mit einer Luft-Verteilerleitung (7), die oberhalb der Reihen (2) angebracht ist und mittels mehrerer vertikaler Leitungen (8) die Kassetten (4) versorgt, ferner mit mindestens einer Rückführleitung (10), die der Verteilerkanalisation (7) die Luft, welche durch die Reihen (2) hindurchgeströmt ist, wieder zuführt, und mit wenigstens einer Auslaßleitung (10a) und einem Frischluftzuführeinlaß (13), damit die Trocknungsluft ständig in Zirkulation versetzt wird, indem sie teilweise oder vollständig rezykliert wird.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, die zwei Reihen (2), welche von drei Kassetten (4) umgeben sind, sowie eine Leitung (7), die mit der mittleren Kassette (4) mittels einer Vielzahl von vertikalen Leitungen (8) verbunden ist, und zwei Leitungen (10) umfaßt, die mit den äußeren Kassetten (4) verbunden sind.
  12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, die eine Anzahl n von Reihen (2) aufweist, die von n + 1 Kassetten (4) umgeben sind, in denen die Zirkulation von Trocknungsluft durch mehrere Verteilerkanalisationen (8) und durch mehrere Rückführkanalisationen (10) sichergestellt wird.
  13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, bei der die Zirkulationsrichtung der Luft in den Leitungen (7) und (10) umgekehrt werden kann.
  14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, bei der die Leitungen zur Zirkulation der Luft mit einem Ventilator (11), Heizmitteln (12) und zusätzlichen Lufteinlässen (13) ausgestattet sind.
  15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 14, bei der die Trocknungsanlage von der Art mit einer Kammer ist.
  16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 14, bei der die Trocknungsanlage in der Art mit einem Tunnel ausgebildet ist.
  17. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, bei der die jeweiligen Positionen der Verteilerleitungen (7) und der Abzugsleitungen (10) relativ zu den Kassetten (4) umgekehrt werden können, was in dem Maße zu einer Umkehrung der Zirkulationsrichtung der Luft über den Produkten (6) führt, in dem diese sich in einer zu den Kassetten (4) parallelen Richtung fortbewegen.
EP96400523A 1995-03-14 1996-03-14 Trockner für Tonwaren Expired - Lifetime EP0732559B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9502949 1995-03-14
FR9502949A FR2731782B1 (fr) 1995-03-14 1995-03-14 Sechoir pour produits en terre cuite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0732559A1 EP0732559A1 (de) 1996-09-18
EP0732559B1 true EP0732559B1 (de) 1999-07-28

Family

ID=9477012

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96400523A Expired - Lifetime EP0732559B1 (de) 1995-03-14 1996-03-14 Trockner für Tonwaren

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EP (1) EP0732559B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE182672T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69603391T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2731782B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0877220A3 (de) * 1997-05-06 2000-12-20 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau und Verfahrenstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trocknen von Keramikformlingen
FR2787179B1 (fr) 1998-12-11 2001-01-19 Equip Tech Ind Alimentaires Procede de thermisation de produits convoyes avec circulation alternee du gaz thermisant
IT1318348B1 (it) * 2000-06-23 2003-08-25 Piccinini Impianti S R L Impianto per l'essiccazione continua di prodotti laterizi.
DE102005017152B4 (de) * 2005-04-13 2007-02-08 Lindauer Dornier Gmbh Verfahren zum Trocknen von vorzugsweise plattenförmigen Produkten und Durchlauftrockner in Mehretagenbauweise
IT1393966B1 (it) * 2009-03-26 2012-05-17 Gerardi Essicatoio per manufatti, particolarmente ceramiche, laterizi, resine, cementi, pietre naturali e simili
FR2989764B1 (fr) * 2012-04-24 2014-04-11 Cleia Installation et procede de sechage de produits en terre cuite
CN107289768B (zh) * 2017-06-13 2022-09-02 河南中联热科工业节能股份有限公司 一种动态明胶烘干系统

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191204011A (en) * 1912-02-17 1913-02-17 Tozaburo Suzuki Improvements in Drying Arrangements or Apparatus Employing Air Circulation.
US1539230A (en) * 1923-01-10 1925-05-26 George R Anderson Drier
FR1101524A (fr) * 1953-06-06 1955-10-07 Robert Aebi & Cie Séchoir à tunnels à ventilation transversale pour l'industrie céramique
FR1096717A (fr) * 1953-12-28 1955-06-23 Procédé de séchage à flux variable inversé et séchoirs pour sa mise en oeuvre
US2928158A (en) * 1956-01-09 1960-03-15 Boyd C Miller Apparatus for and method of heattreating articles
CH340768A (de) * 1956-05-04 1959-08-31 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Durchlaufofen zum Trocknen von ummantelten Schweisselektroden
DE2848302C2 (de) * 1978-11-07 1986-04-03 Fuchs & Co Aktiengesellschaft für Elektrodraht-Erzeugung und Maschinenbau, Graz Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung und zum selbsttätigen Verladen von gebrannten Tonformlingen
FR2529654A1 (fr) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-06 Neu Ets Etuve ventilee
ATA121992A (de) * 1992-06-15 1996-08-15 Wienerberger Ziegelind Verfahren zum trocknen und/oder brennen von ziegelrohlingen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69603391D1 (de) 1999-09-02
DE69603391T2 (de) 2000-04-06
FR2731782A1 (fr) 1996-09-20
EP0732559A1 (de) 1996-09-18
FR2731782B1 (fr) 1997-05-30
ATE182672T1 (de) 1999-08-15

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