EP0728859B1 - Shapable and heat stabilisable textile loop pile fabric - Google Patents
Shapable and heat stabilisable textile loop pile fabric Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0728859B1 EP0728859B1 EP96101887A EP96101887A EP0728859B1 EP 0728859 B1 EP0728859 B1 EP 0728859B1 EP 96101887 A EP96101887 A EP 96101887A EP 96101887 A EP96101887 A EP 96101887A EP 0728859 B1 EP0728859 B1 EP 0728859B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filament
- loop
- fact
- yarn
- per
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 96
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 80
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- -1 aliphatic diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
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- CQPBLBQMIFRGLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]hepta-1(7),2,4-triene-6-carbonyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)N)=CC=C1C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC1=C2 CQPBLBQMIFRGLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical class [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXGJIOMUZAGVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chamazulene Chemical group CCC1=CC=C(C)C2=CC=C(C)C2=C1 GXGJIOMUZAGVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D27/00—Woven pile fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/587—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads adhesive; fusible
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/02—Pile fabrics or articles having similar surface features
- D04B1/04—Pile fabrics or articles having similar surface features characterised by thread material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
- A44B18/00—Fasteners of the touch-and-close type; Making such fasteners
- A44B18/0069—Details
- A44B18/0092—Details flame retardant
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/04—Heat-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/041—Heat-responsive characteristics thermoplastic; thermosetting
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
- D10B2501/06—Details of garments
- D10B2501/063—Fasteners
- D10B2501/0632—Fasteners of the touch-and-close type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/27—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc. including readily dissociable fastener having numerous, protruding, unitary filaments randomly interlocking with, and simultaneously moving towards, mating structure [e.g., hook-loop type fastener]
- Y10T24/275—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc. including readily dissociable fastener having numerous, protruding, unitary filaments randomly interlocking with, and simultaneously moving towards, mating structure [e.g., hook-loop type fastener] with feature facilitating or causing attachment of filaments to mounting surface
- Y10T24/2758—Thermal or adhesive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/23979—Particular backing structure or composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/23986—With coating, impregnation, or bond
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/23993—Composition of pile or adhesive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24008—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including fastener for attaching to external surface
- Y10T428/24017—Hook or barb
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a loop pile fabric made of a textile back made of knitwear or woven fabric and integrated handle-forming Pile yarns, the textile back of which is made from a multifilament hybrid yarn from one Mixture of lower melting and curled higher melting There is filament that is three-dimensionally deformable and the back through a heat treatment can be solidified.
- the pile goods according to the invention is ideal as an eyelet surface for Velcro fastenings, especially for large, high-strength Velcro fasteners.
- Velcro fasteners are known, preferably in the form of tapes, Velcro fasteners that can be used instead of zippers. They consist of a band or fabric that has a surface Variety of ticks, mostly made of polymer monofilaments, that the Hook surface of the closure forms and a complementary surface, the one Has a plurality of small eyelets, which forms the eyelet surface of the closure, and in which the check marks intervene when the two surfaces are combined and be anchored. The eye surface thus forms the anchoring surface in the can anchor the ticks on the checkmark area.
- EP-B-0359436 discloses lamella curtains, the lamellae of which consist of a fabric of lower-melting and higher-melting yarns, which after its production is subjected to a heat treatment in which the lower-melting yarn portions melt and stiffen the fabric.
- the Base fabric consists of a yarn of lower melting and higher melting fibers. After fabrication and binding of the pole the material is heated to a temperature at which the lower melting Melt the fibers, causing the back of the fabric to solidify. From the An example of this document can be seen that it is used to manufacture the woven
- the yarn used in the back is a staple fiber yarn made from a mixture lower melting and higher melting staple fibers Secondary spinning is obtained.
- An object of the present invention is a loop pile article To provide, which due to their loop-forming pole as an eyelet surface for Velcro fastenings are suitable, are easy to manufacture and deform three-dimensionally and thus also complicated three-dimensional surfaces, e.g. the Inside of car doors, backrests or rear surfaces of bucket seats, without folds can be adjusted, and their backs by simply heating them in one Adjusted to the requirements of further processing solidified and stiffened can be.
- An object of the present invention is a loop pile fabric made of a textile back made of knitted fabric or woven fabric and loop-forming pile yarns integrated therein, which is characterized in that that their textile back consists of a multifilament hybrid yarn of at least 2 types A and B of filaments and possibly accompanying filaments C, whereby the filaments A are textured and have a melting point above 180 ° C., preferably above 220 ° C., in particular above 250 ° C. the filaments B have a melting point below 220 ° C., preferably below 200 ° C., in particular below 180 ° C., the melting point of filaments B is at least 20 ° C., preferably at least 40 ° C., in particular at least 80 ° C.
- the weight ratio of the filaments A: B is in the range from 20:80 to 80:20, preferably from 40:60 to 60:40 and the multifilament hybrid yarn still contains up to 40% by weight of accompanying filaments C, and that the pile is made of There are loop loops with a handle length of 1 to 4 mm, which are formed from a multifilament yarn with a total titer of 30 to 200 dtex and single titer from 5 to 25 dtex, and / or from monofilaments with a titer of 20 to 70 dtex.
- loop pile fabric is three-dimensionally deformable. This valuable property is particularly favored and is also achieved when the back consists of a fabric, when the higher-melting textured filaments A have a crimp of 3 to 50%, preferably 8 to 30%, in particular 10 to 22%.
- the crimping of the higher-melting filaments can be done by all known methods take place in which the filaments at elevated temperature a two- or three-dimensional crimp is fixed. Suitable known Procedures are e.g. the stuffer box crimp, the gear crimp, the "knit-deknit” process in which a yarn is first made into a knitted tube is knitted, this is heat-set and then pulled up again.
- the preferred method for texturing the filaments A is that in False wire methods described in numerous publications.
- the higher-melting textured filaments A are expediently air nozzle textured or preferably false wire textured.
- the lower-melting filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn of the textile back form at least partially a matrix that connects the higher-melting textured filaments of the multifilament hybrid yarn to one another and to the pile yarn in the area of the back plane.
- a matrix is to be understood as a coherent polyester mass which is formed by the complete or partial melting of the filaments B or by gluing together the filaments B which have softened to the point of stickiness.
- the filaments A have a melting point of over 220 ° C., preferably of Have 220 to 300 ° C, especially 240-280 ° C.
- the filaments B have a melting point of below 220 ° C., preferably from 110 to 220 ° C., in particular from 150 to 200 ° C.
- Essential to the invention is the use of filament types A, B for which certain melting point specifications exist.
- the melting point of the filaments is determined on the polymer raw material used for their production.
- a special feature of many polymer materials, such as polyester materials, is that they usually soften before melting and the melting process extends over a relatively wide temperature range. Nevertheless, it is possible to determine easily reproducible temperature points which are characteristic of these polymer materials, for example polyester materials, at which the examined sample loses its geometric shape, ie changes to a liquid (albeit often highly viscous) state.
- the “melting range” mentioned is a certain rather narrow temperature range which is characteristic of the material and in which there is a noticeable acceleration in the penetration of the measuring tip into the polyester material.
- a temperature point at which the measuring tip has reached a certain depth of penetration can then be defined as an easily reproducible melting point.
- the melting point is defined as the temperature point (average of 5 measurements) at which a measuring tip with a circular contact surface of 1 mm 2 and a contact weight of 0.5 g is placed in a polymer sample heated at 5 ° C./min, for example polyester sample , 1000 ⁇ m has penetrated.
- the thread closure between the filaments is necessary in order to form a thread body which can be processed in the manner of a yarn, ie which can be woven or knitted, for example, without individual filaments of the composite becoming detached from it or forming larger loops and thus disrupting the processing steps to lead.
- the required thread closure can be brought about, for example, by imparting a so-called protective twist of, for example, 10 to 100 turns / m to the yarn, or by spot welding the filaments together.
- the required thread closure is preferably brought about by swirling in a jet nozzle, the filaments to be connected to a yarn being blown laterally in a narrow thread channel with a sharp gas jet.
- the degree of intermingling and thus the quality of the thread closure can be varied by the strength of the blowing.
- the filaments are preferably A, B and possibly C of the multifilament hybrid yarn intermingled with each other, the degree of intermingling of the multifilament hybrid yarn suitably corresponds to an opening length of 10 to 100 mm.
- the degree of swirl is characterized by the opening length, those according to the needle test method described in US-A-2 985 995 with a ITEMAT needle test device is measured.
- the filaments B are smooth, that Multifilament hybrid yarn contains no accompanying filaments C, it has a total titer of 80 to 500 dtex, preferably 100 to 400 dtex, in particular 160 to 320 dtex, , the higher melting textured filaments A has a single filament titer of 0.5 to 15 dtex, preferably 2 to 10 dtex, and the low-melting filaments B a single filament titer of 1 to 20 dtex, preferably from 3 to 15 dtex.
- a multifilament hybrid yarn higher melting textured filaments A an initial modulus of 15 to 28 N / tex, preferably from 20 to 25 N / tex, and a fineness-related maximum tensile force of over 25 cN / tex, preferably over 30 cN / tex, in particular from 30 to 40 have cN / tex.
- the basis weight of the loop pile fabric according to the invention is 80 to 250 g / m 2 , preferably 100 to 180 g / m 2 , in particular 100 to 150 g / m 2 , and that the weight ratio of textile back to pile yarn in the Raw goods are in the range from 90:10 to 50:50, preferably 85:15 to 70:30.
- the handles have a length of 1.0 to 4.0 mm, preferably from 1.0 to 3.0 mm.
- the loop pile fabric according to the invention meets the requirements for Velcro fastening material if the total titer of the pile yarn, as stated above, is 30 to 200 dtex.
- the titer range from 76 to 150 dtex is particularly preferred.
- the single filament titer of the pile yarn is normally 5 to 25 dtex, preferably 5 to 18 dtex, in particular 10 to 16 dtex.
- the pile yarns can be smooth. However, it seems that the adherence of the Velcro fastener is improved somewhat if the pile yarns are textured. It is therefore preferred that the pile yarns are textured, preferably blown or false wire textured.
- the loop pile of the loop pile fabric according to the invention can be in addition to the or instead of the relatively coarse-titled, preferably textured ones mentioned above
- Multifilament yarns also contain or consist of monofilaments.
- an embodiment of the loop pile fabric according to the invention is characterized in that the textile back consists of knitted fabric.
- the back of the loop pile fabric according to the invention can be knitted or knitted.
- the knitted textile surfaces can be warp knitted or knitted.
- a knitted or knitted back can have right / right, left / left or a right / left stitch structure and their known variants as well as jacquard patterns.
- a further embodiment of the loop pile fabric according to the invention is characterized in that the textile back is woven.
- a woven backing can have all known fabric constructions such as the plain weave and its derivatives.
- the woven or knitted fabrics are selected according to the intended use of the textile material according to the invention, technical convenience being the primary factor.
- the preferred stitch structure is the basic weave right / right, left / left or a right / left, the preferred weave is the plain weave, if necessary with simple derivatives without major floats.
- the basic structures of the knitted fabrics or fabrics are preferred in each case.
- the density of the back surface depends on the application for which the material is used is provided and depending on the titer of the yarns used in the manufacture for fabrics in the range from 10 to 25 threads / cm, preferably from 14 to 20 Threads / cm in warp and weft, in the case of knitwear with a corresponding one Stitch density of approx. 12 to 30 needles / inch, preferably 16 to 24 needles / inch. Within this range the densities can of course be the intended one Use case to be adapted.
- At least 20%, preferably 33 to 100%, of the stitches have pile yarns on a knitted fabric back.
- not every warp and / or weft thread integrates pile knobs in a backing fabric.
- 20%, preferably 33 to 100%, of the warp and / or weft threads incorporate pile nubs in a backing fabric.
- the arrangement of the pole loops can be uniform over the entire surface of the loop pile fabric, or the pole loops can be arranged in different densities, for example, in a repeat pattern. Areas of the loop pile fabric in which the loops have handles can alternate with zones in which there are no handles.
- the mesh of the basic fabric can be combined in a pattern with handles, which is achieved by appropriate jacquard-like needle selection of the knitting machine, or there can be empty rows of handles, ie complete basic rows without handles. For example, 1 to 5 rows of handles can be followed by one or two rows without handles (cross rib effect). Patterns with a fabric-like character can also be produced in this way. Designs produced in this way have longitudinal and / or transverse and / or diagonal streets.
- All of the filaments contained in the pile yarn preferably have a melting point which is at least 20 ° C., preferably at least 40 ° C., in particular at least 80 ° C. above the melting point of filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn. If this is not the case for special reasons, it should be ensured when the back of the loop pile fabric according to the invention is consolidated that the heat treatment is limited to the back of the material, for example by contact heating on a heating surface, if hardening of the pile yarn is to be avoided.
- the pile can also consist of the multifilament hybrid yarn described above, possibly in the above-mentioned coarse titers, or the pile yarn described above can contain filaments B as contained in the hybrid yarn , exhibit.
- the pile is also stiffened in these cases.
- Suitable yarns in the titer ranges given above are, for example textured under the trade names ®TREVIRA and ®TREVIRA MONOFIL, in different types, known.
- the back of the loop pile fabric according to the invention Made from a multifilament hybrid yarn, the higher melting (A) and has lower-melting filaments (B), the melting points being one certain, procedural minimum distance, and the Filaments A are textured. These characteristics are necessary but also sufficient around the loop pile fabric according to the invention and the back carrying it Deformability and the ability to impart thermosetting.
- filaments A of the multifilament hybrid yarn that they should melt above 180 ° C., preferably above 220 ° C., in particular above 250 ° C.
- they can consist of all spinnable materials that meet these requirements. Suitable are therefore both semi-synthetic materials, such as filaments made from regenerated cellulose or cellulose acetate, and synthetic filaments, which are particularly preferred because of the possibility of varying their mechanical and chemical properties over a wide range.
- Such filaments are described in detail in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th edition (1989), volume A13, pages 1 to 21 and volume 21, pages 449 to 456. They consist, for example, of liquid-crystalline polyesters (LCP), polybenzimidazole (PBI), Polyether ketone (PEK), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether imides (PEI), polyether sulfone (PESU), aramids such as poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA), poly (m-phenylene terephthalamide) (PMTA), or poly (phenylene sulfide) ) (PPS).
- LCP liquid-crystalline polyesters
- PBI polybenzimidazole
- PEK Polyether ketone
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- PEI polyether imides
- PESU polyether sulfone
- aramids such as poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA), poly (m-
- the filaments A therefore advantageously consist of regenerated or modified cellulose, higher-melting polyamides (PA), such as 6-PA or 6,6-PA, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, modacrylic polymers, polycarbonate, but especially of polyesters.
- Polyesters are particularly suitable as raw material for filaments A because it is possible to vary the chemical, mechanical and other physical properties relevant to the application, in particular, for example, the melting point, in a relatively simple manner by modifying the polyester chain.
- spinnable polymers are also useful such as.
- Vinyl polymers such as polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, Polybutene, lower melting polyamides, e.g. 11-PA or alicyclic Polyamides (e.g. by condensation of 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane and Decan carbons available product), but especially modified here Low melting point polyester
- the pile yarns largely determine the textile character of the loop pile fabric according to the invention. They can consist of all of the fiber and filament materials commonly used to manufacture the pile of loop pile goods, eg plushes.
- the pile yarns can consist of spun fibers made of natural fiber materials, such as cotton or wool, or of semi-synthetic fiber materials, or also of synthetic fibers and filaments. Blends of natural and synthetic fibers can also be present in the pile yarn if this meets the requirements of the end user.
- the pile yarns are usually dyed, for example spun-dyed, and yarns of different colors are often processed to achieve certain decorative effects. For the reasons already mentioned above, the pile yarns are preferably textured.
- the higher melting textured filaments A are polyester filaments, and that it is particularly advantageous if the lower-melting filaments B consist of modified polyester with a lower melting point.
- the pile yarn is a polyester yarn.
- polyester If the polymer material of the back and pole is polyester, there is furthermore the possibility from the used products e.g. by Alcoholysis valuable raw materials for the new production of polyesters win.
- Polyesters for the purposes of this invention are also copolyesters which consist of more as one type of dicarboxylic acid residue and / or more than one type of diol residue are built up.
- a polyester from which the fiber materials of the loop pile fabric according to the invention are made consists of at least 70 mol%, based on the totality of all polyester assemblies, of assemblies which are derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and from aliphatic diols, and to a maximum of 30 mol%, based on the totality of all polyester assemblies, from dicarboxylic acid assemblies which are different from the aromatic dicarboxylic acid assemblies which form the majority of the dicarboxylic acid assemblies or from araliphatic dicarboxylic acids with one or more, preferably one or two condensed or uncondensed aromatic nuclei, or derived from aliphatic dicarboxylic acids with a total of 4 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms and diol assemblies, which are derived from branched and / or longer-chain diols having 3 to 10, preferably 3 to 6, C atoms, or of cyclic diols, or of diols containing ether groups, or
- the loop pile fabric according to the invention the fiber materials of which Polyesters, especially polyethylene terephthalate, are not easy to kindle.
- flame retardancy can be increased by using flame retardant modified polyesters.
- flame-retardant modified polyesters are known. They contain additions of halogen compounds, in particular bromine compounds, or, which is particularly advantageous, they contain phosphorus compounds which are condensed into the polyester chain.
- flame-retardant loop pile articles according to the invention contain yarns made of polyester in the back and / or pile, which assemblies of the formula in the chain wherein R is alkylene or polymethylene with 2 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl and R 1 is alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl or aralkyl, contained in condensed form.
- R preferably denotes ethylene and R 1 denotes methyl, ethyl, phenyl, or o-, m- or p-methylphenyl, in particular methyl.
- the components of the formula VI are expediently up to in the polyester chain 15 mol%, preferably 1 to 10 mol%, contain.
- the polyesters used do not contain more than 60 meq / kg, preferably less than 30 meq / kg, blocked carboxyl end groups and less than 5 meq / kg, preferably less than 2 meq / kg, in particular less than 1.5 meq / kg, has free carboxyl end groups.
- the polyester therefore preferably has blocked carboxyl end groups, for example by reaction with mono-, bis- and / or polycarbodiimides.
- the polyester of the core and the polyester of the polyester mixture of the jacket have a maximum of 200 ppm, preferably a maximum of 50 ppm, in particular 0 to 20 ppm, mono- and / or biscarbodiimides and 0, 02 to 0.6 wt .-%, preferably 0.05 to 0.5 wt .-% free polycarbodiimide with an average molecular weight of 2000 to 15000, preferably from 5000 to 10,000.
- the polyesters of the yarns contained in the pile fabric according to the invention can contain up to 10% by weight of non-polymeric substances, such as modification additives, fillers, matting agents, color pigments, dyes, stabilizers, such as UV absorbers, antioxidants, hydrolysis and light - And contain temperature stabilizers and / or processing aids.
- non-polymeric substances such as modification additives, fillers, matting agents, color pigments, dyes, stabilizers, such as UV absorbers, antioxidants, hydrolysis and light - And contain temperature stabilizers and / or processing aids.
- An object of the invention are also the solidified ones described above Loop pile goods, i.e. those in which the lower melting filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn of the textile back at least partially a matrix form the higher-melting textured filaments of the multifilament hybrid yarn with each other and with the pile yarn in the area of the back plane connects with each other.
- a special characteristic of this material is that not only the back by at least partial matrix formation of filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn of the back is solidified but that surprisingly the The strength of the binding of the pile yarn in the back is higher than that Maximum traction.
- Another object of the present invention is a method for producing a loop pile fabric to be thermally strengthened from a textile back made of knitted fabric or fabric and pile yarns which are incorporated in the handle, by weaving, knitting or knitting a fabric, a knitted fabric or a knitted fabric with integrated handles, the result is marked that at least 30%, preferably at least 75%, of the yarn fed to the loom, the knitting machine or the knitting machine for forming the textile back surfaces of the loop pile fabric is a multifilament hybrid yarn consisting of at least 2 types A and B of filaments and possibly accompanying filaments C. , in which the filaments A are textured and have a melting point above 180 ° C., preferably above 220 ° C., in particular above 250 ° C.
- the filaments B have a melting point below 220 ° C., preferably below 200 ° C., in particular below 180 ° C., the melting point of filaments B is at least 20 ° C., preferably at least 40 ° C., in particular at least 80 ° C.
- the weight ratio of the filaments A: B is in the range from 20:80 to 80:20, preferably from 40:60 to 60:40 and the multifilament hybrid yarn still contains up to 40% by weight of accompanying filaments C, and that a multifilament yarn with a total titer of 30 to 200 dtex and single titer of 5 to 25 dtex, and / or monofilaments with a titer of 20 to 70 dtex is fed to the loom, the knitting machine or the knitting machine for forming the pile.
- the solidified loop pile fabric thus produced is also an object of the present invention.
- the temperature of the final heat treatment and the duration of the treatment depend on the desired degree of solidification and the melting point of the filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn. As a rule, the heat treatment is carried out at 100 to 200 ° C., preferably at 120 to 180 ° C.
- the raw fabric of the pile fabric, knitted fabric or knitted fabric is pre-fixed on the tenter.
- Multifilament hybrid yarns whose filaments B are smooth are preferably used to form the back.
- the process is controlled so that the basis weight of the loop pile fabric is 80 to 250 g / m 2 , preferably 100 to 180 g / m 2 , in particular 100 to 150 g / m 2 , and the running-in ratio of back yarn is increased Polgarn is in the range from 90:10 to 60:50, preferably in the range from 85:15 to 70:30.
- the control takes place depending on the desired pole density and pattern so that at a knitted back at least 10%, preferably 33 to 100% of the Knit pile yarns, with a backing 10%, preferably 33 to Tie in 100% of the warp and / or weft threads.
- the loop pile fabric according to the invention is in the preferred embodiment varietal and therefore has the advantages already described above in the Disposal or recycling. Furthermore, the present invention further advantages, namely the saving of a lamination before further processing, the possibility of stiffening the back so far and to compress that a direct back injection e.g. possible with molded foams is without the foam breaking through to the pole side. Especially It is advantageous that the loop pile fabric, even if its back is woven is, has a very good three-dimensional deformability, which results from the Use of the multifilament hybrid yarn described in the manufacture of the Back gives.
- the following embodiments illustrate the manufacture of the Multifilament hybrid yarn according to the invention and its use in Production of loop pile goods according to the invention.
- a hybrid yarn is produced by dubbing a yarn 167 dtex f 32, jet black, textured, made of unmodified polyethylene terephthalate (raw material melting point 265 ° C) (®TREVIRA Type 536) with a 140 dtex f 24 yarn Isophthalic acid-modified polyethylene terephthalate (raw material melting point 110 up to 120 ° C) and swirling together in an air pressure of 2 bar operated intermingling nozzle, the deeper melting yarn in the remains essentially smooth.
- a knitted fabric is produced on a plush machine type MLPX with 20 needles / inch and 26 "cylinder diameter.
- dtex 84 f 6 raw white for the formation of the handles.
- the goods are then washed (wide wash 40 ° C) and dried, fixed and finished on the frame at 160 ° C.
- the finished product has a tensile weight of 126 g / m 2 .
- the use of the multifilament hybrid yarn means that the otherwise usual edge gluing is not necessary, since the goods lie perfectly flat. It is ideal as an eyelet surface for large, high-strength Velcro fastenings.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
- Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Schlingenpolware aus einem textilen Rücken aus Maschenware oder Gewebe und darin eingebundenen henkelbildenden Polgarnen, deren textiler Rücken aus einem Multifilament-Hybridgarn aus einer Mischung aus niedriger schmelzenden und gekräuselten höher schmelzenden Filamenten besteht, die dreidimensional verformbar ist und deren Rücken durch eine Wärmebehandlung verfestigt werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Polware eignet sich hervorragend als Ösenfläche für Klettbefestigungen, insbesondere für großflächige hochfeste Klettbefestigungen.The present invention relates to a loop pile fabric made of a textile back made of knitwear or woven fabric and integrated handle-forming Pile yarns, the textile back of which is made from a multifilament hybrid yarn from one Mixture of lower melting and curled higher melting There is filament that is three-dimensionally deformable and the back through a heat treatment can be solidified. The pile goods according to the invention is ideal as an eyelet surface for Velcro fastenings, especially for large, high-strength Velcro fasteners.
Klettbefestigungen sind bekannt, vorzugsweise in Form von Bändern, Klettverschlüssen, die anstelle von Reißverschlüssen eingesetzt werden können. Sie bestehen aus einem Band oder Flächengebilde, das auf seiner Oberfläche eine Vielzahl von Häkchen, meist aus Polymer-Monofilamenten aufweist, das die Häkchenfläche des Verschlusses bildet und einer Komplementärfläche, die eine Vielzahl von kleinen Ösen aufweist, die die Ösenfläche des Verschlusses bildet, und in die beim Vereinigen der beiden Flächen die Häkchen eingreifen und verankert werden. Die Ösenfläche bildet somit die Verankerungsfläche in der sich die Häkchen der Häkchenfläche verankern können.Velcro fasteners are known, preferably in the form of tapes, Velcro fasteners that can be used instead of zippers. They consist of a band or fabric that has a surface Variety of ticks, mostly made of polymer monofilaments, that the Hook surface of the closure forms and a complementary surface, the one Has a plurality of small eyelets, which forms the eyelet surface of the closure, and in which the check marks intervene when the two surfaces are combined and be anchored. The eye surface thus forms the anchoring surface in the can anchor the ticks on the checkmark area.
Auch Flächengebilde aus Hybridgarnen, die aus niedriger schmelzenden und höher
schmelzenden Fasermaterialien zusammengesetzt sind, und die durch eine
Wärmebehandlung verfestigt werden können, sind bereits bekannt.
So sind beispielsweise aus dem EP-B-0359436 Lamellenvorhänge bekannt, deren
Lamellen aus einem Gewebe aus niedriger schmelzenden und höher schmelzenden
Garnen bestehen, das nach seiner Herstellung einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen
wird, bei der die niedriger schmelzenden Garnanteile schmelzen und das Gewebe
versteifen. Flat structures made of hybrid yarns, which are composed of low-melting and higher-melting fiber materials and which can be consolidated by heat treatment, are already known.
For example, EP-B-0359436 discloses lamella curtains, the lamellae of which consist of a fabric of lower-melting and higher-melting yarns, which after its production is subjected to a heat treatment in which the lower-melting yarn portions melt and stiffen the fabric.
Es ist auch bekannt, aus Hybridgarnen, die einen hochschmelzenden oder unschmelzbaren Filamentanteil und einen thermoplastischen niedriger schmelzenden Filamentanteil aufweisen, Flächengebilde herzustellen, die durch Erwärmen über den Schmelzpunkt der thermoplastischen, niedriger schmelzenden Garnkomponente in faserverstärkte, steife Thermoplast-Platten, sog. "organische Bleche" überführt werden können.It is also known to be made from hybrid yarns that have a high melting point or infusible filament content and a thermoplastic lower have melting filament portion to produce fabrics that by Warming above the melting point of the thermoplastic, lower melting Yarn component in fiber-reinforced, rigid thermoplastic sheets, so-called "organic Sheets "can be transferred.
Verschiedene Wege der Herstellung faserverstärkter Thermoplasthalbzeuge sind
beschrieben worden in Chemiefasern/Textiltechnik 39./91. Jahrgang (1989) Seiten
T185 bis T187, T224 bis T228 und T236 bis T240. Die Herstellung ausgehend von
flächenförmigen Textilmaterialien aus Hybridgarnen wird dort als ein eleganter Weg
beschrieben, der den Vorteil bietet, daß das Mischungsverhältnis von Verstärkungs- und
Matrixfasern sich sehr exakt einstellen läßt und daß die Textilmaterialien sich
aufgrund ihrer Drapierfähigkeit gut in Preßformen einlegen lassen
(Chemiefasern/Textiltechnik 39./91. Jahrgang (1989), Seite T186).
Wie aus Seite T238/T239 dieser Publikation hervorgeht, ergeben sich Probleme
allerdings bei der zweidimensionalen Verformung der Textilmaterialien. Da die
Dehnungsfähigkeit der Verstärkungsfäden in der Regel vernachlässigbar klein ist,
können Textilflächen aus herkömmlichen Hybridgarnen, nur noch aufgrund ihrer
Bindung verformt werden.
Dieser Verformbarkeit sind jedoch in der Regel enge Grenzen gesetzt, wenn
Faltenbildung vermieden werden soll (T239), eine Erfahrung die durch
Computersimulationen bestätigt wurde.
Der Ausweg, die Textilien aus Verstärkungs- und Matrixfäden in Formen zu pressen
ist mit dem Nachteil behaftet, daß dann eine partielle Stauchung eintritt, was zu
einer Verlagerung und/oder Kräuselung der Verstärkungsfäden, verbunden mit
einem Abfall der Verstärkungswirkung, führt.
Eine weitere in Seite T239/T240 angesprochene Möglichkeit, dreidimensional
verformte Formteile mit unverlagerten Verstärkungsfäden herzustellen, bestünde in
der Herstellung dreidimensional gewebter Vorformlinge, was aber erheblichen
maschinellen Aufwand, sowohl bei der Herstellung der Vorformlinge als auch bei
der Thermoplast-Imprägnierung oder -Beschichtung, bedingt. Different ways of producing fiber-reinforced thermoplastic semi-finished products have been described in chemical fibers / textile technology 39/91. Volume (1989) pages T185 to T187, T224 to T228 and T236 to T240. The production based on sheet-like textile materials from hybrid yarns is described there as an elegant way, which offers the advantage that the mixing ratio of reinforcement and matrix fibers can be adjusted very precisely and that the textile materials can be easily inserted into press molds due to their drapability (chemical fibers / Textile technology 39th / 91st year (1989), page T186).
As can be seen from page T238 / T239 of this publication, problems arise with the two-dimensional deformation of the textile materials. Since the elasticity of the reinforcement threads is usually negligible, textile surfaces made of conventional hybrid yarns can only be deformed due to their binding.
However, this deformability is usually limited if wrinkles are to be avoided (T239), an experience that has been confirmed by computer simulations.
The way out of pressing the textiles from reinforcing and matrix threads into molds has the disadvantage that a partial compression then occurs, which leads to a displacement and / or crimping of the reinforcing threads combined with a decrease in the reinforcing effect.
Another possibility mentioned in page T239 / T240 to produce three-dimensionally deformed molded parts with undisplaced reinforcing threads would be the production of three-dimensionally woven preforms, but this requires considerable mechanical expenditure, both in the production of the preforms and in the thermoplastic impregnation or coating .
Zur Verbesserung der Verformbarkeit von Verstärkungseinlagen dient ein aus der DE-A-40 42 063 bekanntes Verfahren. Bei diesem werden in das als Textilbewehrung vorgesehene Flächengebilde längenverformbare, nämlich hitzeschrumpfende, Hilfsfäden eingearbeitet. Durch Erwärmen wird der Schrumpf ausgelöst und das Textilmaterial etwas zusammengezogen, sodaß die Verstärkungsfäden gewellt oder in loser Umschlingung gehalten werden.An from the serves to improve the deformability of reinforcing inserts DE-A-40 42 063 known method. In this are in the as Textile reinforcement is deformable, namely heat shrinking, auxiliary threads incorporated. Heating will shrink it triggered and the textile material contracted somewhat, so that the Reinforcement threads are curled or held in loose wrap.
Aus der Japanischen Patent-Offenlegungsschrift 30 937/1984 ist eine Polware bekannt aus einem Grundgewebe, in das Polgarne eingebunden sind. Das Grundgewebe besteht aus einem Garn aus niedriger schmelzenden und höher schmelzenden Fasern. Nach der Herstellung des Gewebes und Einbinden des Pols wird das Material auf eine Temperatur erwärmt, bei der die niedriger schmelzenden Fasern schmelzen, wobei eine Verfestigung des Geweberückens erfolgt. Aus dem Beispiel dieser Druckschrift ist zu ersehen, daß das zu Herstellung des gewebten Rückens eingesetzte Garn ein Stapelfasergarn ist, das aus einer Mischung niedriger schmelzender und höher schmelzender Stapelfasern durch Sekundärspinnen erhalten wird.From Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 30 937/1984 is a pile fabric known from a basic fabric in which pile yarns are integrated. The Base fabric consists of a yarn of lower melting and higher melting fibers. After fabrication and binding of the pole the material is heated to a temperature at which the lower melting Melt the fibers, causing the back of the fabric to solidify. From the An example of this document can be seen that it is used to manufacture the woven The yarn used in the back is a staple fiber yarn made from a mixture lower melting and higher melting staple fibers Secondary spinning is obtained.
Diese Druckschriften geben allerdings keine Hinweise zur Herstellung einer Polware, die verformbar ist, d.h. sich zum Überziehen kompliziert dreidimensional gestalteter Flächen eignet.However, these publications do not provide any information on the production of a Polware that is deformable, i.e. complicated to put on three-dimensional designed surfaces.
Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Schlingenpolware bereitzustellen, die sich aufgrund ihres schlaufenbildenden Pols als Ösenfläche für Klettbefestigungen eignet, einfach herstellbar ist, sich dreidimensional verformen und damit auch kompliziert dreidimensional gestalteten Oberflächen, wie z.B. der Innenseite von Autotüren, Lehnen oder Rückflächen von Schalensitzen, faltenlos anpassen läßt, und deren Rücken durch einfaches Erwärmen in einem den Erfordernissen der Weiterverarbeitung angepaßten Umfang verfestigt und versteift werden kann.An object of the present invention is a loop pile article To provide, which due to their loop-forming pole as an eyelet surface for Velcro fastenings are suitable, are easy to manufacture and deform three-dimensionally and thus also complicated three-dimensional surfaces, e.g. the Inside of car doors, backrests or rear surfaces of bucket seats, without folds can be adjusted, and their backs by simply heating them in one Adjusted to the requirements of further processing solidified and stiffened can be.
Die im Folgenden beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Schlingenpolware löst diese Aufgabe. The loop pile fabric according to the invention described below solves these Task.
Ein Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine Schlingenpolware aus einem
textilen Rücken aus Maschenware oder Gewebe und darin eingebundenen
henkelbildenden Polgarnen, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist,
daß ihr textiler Rücken aus einem Multifilament-Hybridgarn aus mindestens 2 Sorten
A und B von Filamenten und ggf. Begleitfilamenten C besteht, wobei
die Filamente A
texturiert sind und einen Schmelzpunkt über 180°C, vorzugsweise über
220°C insbesondere über 250°C haben,
die Filamente B
einen Schmelzpunkt unter 220°C, vorzugsweise unter 200°C, insbesondere
unter 180°C haben,
der Schmelzpunkt der Filamente B mindestens 20 °C, vorzugsweise mindestens
40°C, insbesondere mindestens 80°C unter dem Schmelzpunkt der Filamente A
liegt,
das Gewichtsverhältnis der Filamente A:B im Bereich von 20:80 bis 80:20,
vorzugsweise von 40:60 bis 60:40 liegt und das Multifilament-Hybridgarn noch bis
zu 40 Gew.-% Begleitfilamente C enthält, und daß der Pol aus Henkelschlingen mit
einer Henkellänge von 1 bis 4 mm besteht, die aus einem Multifilamentgarn mit
einem Gesamttiter von 30 bis 200 dtex und Einzeltitern von 5 bis 25 dtex, und/oder
aus Monofilamenten mit einem Titer von 20 bis 70 dtex gebildet werden.An object of the present invention is a loop pile fabric made of a textile back made of knitted fabric or woven fabric and loop-forming pile yarns integrated therein, which is characterized in that
that their textile back consists of a multifilament hybrid yarn of at least 2 types A and B of filaments and possibly accompanying filaments C, whereby
the filaments A
are textured and have a melting point above 180 ° C., preferably above 220 ° C., in particular above 250 ° C.
the filaments B
have a melting point below 220 ° C., preferably below 200 ° C., in particular below 180 ° C.,
the melting point of filaments B is at least 20 ° C., preferably at least 40 ° C., in particular at least 80 ° C. below the melting point of filaments A,
the weight ratio of the filaments A: B is in the range from 20:80 to 80:20, preferably from 40:60 to 60:40 and the multifilament hybrid yarn still contains up to 40% by weight of accompanying filaments C, and that the pile is made of There are loop loops with a handle length of 1 to 4 mm, which are formed from a multifilament yarn with a total titer of 30 to 200 dtex and single titer from 5 to 25 dtex, and / or from monofilaments with a titer of 20 to 70 dtex.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieser Schlingenpolware besteht darin, daß sie
dreidimensional verformbar ist.
Diese wertvolle Eigenschaft wird besonders begünstigt und auch dann erzielt, wenn
der Rücken aus einem Gewebe besteht, wenn die höherschmelzenden texturierten
Filamente A eine Einkräuselung von 3 bis 50 %, vorzugsweise von 8 bis 30 %,
insbesondere von 10 bis 22 % aufweisen.A major advantage of this loop pile fabric is that it is three-dimensionally deformable.
This valuable property is particularly favored and is also achieved when the back consists of a fabric, when the higher-melting textured filaments A have a crimp of 3 to 50%, preferably 8 to 30%, in particular 10 to 22%.
Die Einkräuselung der höherschmelzenden Filamente kann im Prinzip nach allen bekannten Methoden erfolgen, bei denen in die Filamente bei erhöhter Temperatur eine zwei- oder dreidimensionale Kräuselung einfixiert wird. Geeignete bekannte Verfahren sind z.B. die Stauchkammerkräuselung, die Zahnradkräuselung, das "knit-deknit"-Verfahren, bei dem ein Garn zunächst zu einem Strickschlauch gestrickt wird, dieser thermofixiert und anschließend wieder aufgezogen wird. Das bevorzugte Verfahren zur Texturierung der Filamente A ist jedoch das in zahlreichen Veröffentlichungen beschriebene Falschdrahtverfahren.In principle, the crimping of the higher-melting filaments can be done by all known methods take place in which the filaments at elevated temperature a two- or three-dimensional crimp is fixed. Suitable known Procedures are e.g. the stuffer box crimp, the gear crimp, the "knit-deknit" process in which a yarn is first made into a knitted tube is knitted, this is heat-set and then pulled up again. The preferred method for texturing the filaments A, however, is that in False wire methods described in numerous publications.
Zweckmäßigerweise sind die höherschmelzenden texturierten Filamente A luftdüsentexturiert oder vorzugsweise falschdrahttexturiert.The higher-melting textured filaments A are expediently air nozzle textured or preferably false wire textured.
Eine weitere besonders wertvolle Eigenschaft der erfindungsgemäßen
Schlingenpolware besteht darin, daß ihr Rücken durch eine Wärmebehandlung
verfestigt werden kann. Hierbei bilden die niedriger schmelzenden Filamente B des
Multifilament-Hybridgarns des textilen Rückens zumindest partiell eine Matrix, die
die höherschmelzenden texturierten Filamente des Multifilament-Hybridgarns
untereinander und mit dem Polgarn im Bereich der Rückenebene miteinander
verbindet.
Unter Matrix im Sinne dieser Erfindung ist eine zusammenhängende
Polyestermasse zu verstehen, die durch das vollständige oder partielle Schmelzen
der Filamente B, oder durch ein Miteinanderverkleben der bis zur Klebrigkeit
erweichten Filamente B gebildet wird.Another particularly valuable property of the loop pile fabric according to the invention is that its back can be solidified by heat treatment. The lower-melting filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn of the textile back form at least partially a matrix that connects the higher-melting textured filaments of the multifilament hybrid yarn to one another and to the pile yarn in the area of the back plane.
For the purposes of this invention, a matrix is to be understood as a coherent polyester mass which is formed by the complete or partial melting of the filaments B or by gluing together the filaments B which have softened to the point of stickiness.
Um diese Verfestigungsmöglichkeit zu erzielen, ohne dabei unerwünschte Einbußen
bezüglich Festigkeit, Formhaltigkeit der Ware unter erschwerten
Anwendungsbedingungen oder an Stabilität des Schlaufen-Flors hinnehmen zu
müssen, ist es zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft, wenn die Filamente A einen
Schmelzpunkt von über 220°C, vorzugsweise von 220 bis 300°C, insbesondere von
240-280°C haben.
Ferner ist es zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft, wenn die Filamente B einen
Schmelzpunkt von unter 220°C, vorzugsweise von 110 bis 220°C, insbesondere von
150 bis 200°C haben.In order to achieve this strengthening possibility without having to accept undesirable losses in terms of strength, shape retention of the goods under difficult application conditions or the stability of the loop pile, it is expedient and advantageous if the filaments A have a melting point of over 220 ° C., preferably of Have 220 to 300 ° C, especially 240-280 ° C.
Furthermore, it is expedient and advantageous if the filaments B have a melting point of below 220 ° C., preferably from 110 to 220 ° C., in particular from 150 to 200 ° C.
Erfindungswesentlich ist somit der Einsatz von Filamentsorten A,B für die bestimmte
Schmelzpunktsvorgaben bestehen.
Der Schmelzpunkt der Filamente wird an dem zu Ihrer Herstellung verwendeten
Polymer-Rohstoff bestimmt. Eine Besonderheit vieler Polymermaterialien, wie z.B.
auch von Polyestermaterialien, besteht darin, daß sie in der Regel vor dem
Schmelzen erweichen und der Schmelzvorgang sich über einen relativ großen
Temperaturbereich erstreckt. Dennoch ist es möglich, gut reproduzierbare, für diese
Polymermaterialien, z.B. für Polyestermaterialien, charakteristische
Temperaturpunkte zu ermitteln, bei denen die untersuchte Probe ihre geometrische
Form verliert, d.h. in einen flüssigen (wenngleich oft hochviskosen) Zustand
übergeht. Die Bestimmung dieser charakteristischen Temperaturpunkte erfolgt mit
sogenannten Penetrometern (analog DIN 51579 bzw. 51580), bei denen auf ein
Chip oder Pellet der zu untersuchenden Polymerprobe eine Meßspitze definierter
Dimension unter definiertem Druck aufgesetzt wird, die Probe dann mit definierten
Aufheizgeschwindigkeit erwärmt und das Eindringen der Meßspitze in das
Polymermaterial messend verfolgt wird.
Sobald die Probe, z.B. die Polyesterprobe erweicht, beginnt ein sehr langsames
Eindringen der Meßspitze in das Material.
Das Eindringen der Meßspitze kann sich bei steigender Temperatur wieder
verlangsamen und auch ganz zum Stillstand kommen, wenn die erweichte, zunächst
amorphe Polyestermasse kristallisiert.
In diesem Fall zeigt sich bei weiterer Erhöhung der temoeratur ein zweiter
Erweichungsbereich der dann im folgenden beschriebenen "Schmelzbereich"
übergeht.
Der genannte "Schmelzbereich" ist ein bestimmtenr recht enger, für das Material
charakteristischen Temperaturbereich, in dem eine auffällige Beschleunigung des
Eindringens der Meßspitze in das Polyestermaterial erfolgt. Als gut reproduzierbarer
Schmelzpunkt kann dann ein Temperaturpunkt definiert werden, bei dem die
Meßspitze eine bestimmte Eindringtiefe erreicht hat.
Als Schmelzpunkt im Sinne dieser Erfindung wird der Temperaturpunkt (Mittelwert
aus 5 Messungen) definiert, bei dem eine Meßspitze mit einer kreisförmigen
Auflagefläche von 1 mm2 unter einem Auflagegewicht von 0,5 g in eine mit 5°C/min
aufgeheizte Polymerprobe, z.B. Polyesterprobe, 1000 µm tief eingedrungen ist.Essential to the invention is the use of filament types A, B for which certain melting point specifications exist.
The melting point of the filaments is determined on the polymer raw material used for their production. A special feature of many polymer materials, such as polyester materials, is that they usually soften before melting and the melting process extends over a relatively wide temperature range. Nevertheless, it is possible to determine easily reproducible temperature points which are characteristic of these polymer materials, for example polyester materials, at which the examined sample loses its geometric shape, ie changes to a liquid (albeit often highly viscous) state. These characteristic temperature points are determined using so-called penetrometers (analogous to DIN 51579 or 51580), in which a measuring tip of a defined dimension is placed on a chip or pellet of the polymer sample to be examined under a defined pressure, the sample is then heated at a defined heating rate and the penetration of the Measuring tip in the polymer material is tracked.
As soon as the sample, for example the polyester sample, softens, a very slow penetration of the measuring tip into the material begins.
The penetration of the measuring tip can slow down again with increasing temperature and can also come to a complete standstill if the softened, initially amorphous polyester mass crystallizes.
In this case, when the temperature is increased further, a second softening range becomes apparent, which then changes to the "melting range" described below.
The "melting range" mentioned is a certain rather narrow temperature range which is characteristic of the material and in which there is a noticeable acceleration in the penetration of the measuring tip into the polyester material. A temperature point at which the measuring tip has reached a certain depth of penetration can then be defined as an easily reproducible melting point.
For the purposes of this invention, the melting point is defined as the temperature point (average of 5 measurements) at which a measuring tip with a circular contact surface of 1 mm 2 and a contact weight of 0.5 g is placed in a polymer sample heated at 5 ° C./min, for example polyester sample , 1000 µm has penetrated.
Sowohl aus Gründen der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware als
auch aus Gründen einer besonders vorteilhaften Verteilung des Matrixmaterials bei
der Verfestigung des Rückens (kurze Fließwege) ist es erforderlich, daß zwischen
den Filamente A und B und ggf. C Fadenschluß besteht.
Der Fadenschluß zwischen den Filamenten ist erforderlich um einen Fadenkörper
zu bilden, der nach Art eines Garns verarbeitet werden kann, d.h. der z.B. verwebt
oder verwirkt werden kann, ohne daß sich Einzelfilamente des Verbundes aus
diesem lösen oder größere Schlaufen bilden und somit zu Störungen der
Verarbeitungsschritte führen.
Der erforderliche Fadenschluß kann z.B. dadurch herbeigeführt werden, daß dem
Garn ein sogenannter Schutzdrall von z.B 10 bis 100 Drehungen/m vermittelt wird,
oder daß die Filamente punktuell miteinander verschweißt werden. Vorzugsweise
wird der erforderliche Fadenschluß durch Verwirbelung in einer Jet-Düse
herbeigeführt wobei die zu einem Garn zu verbindenden Filamente in einem engen
Faden Kanal seitlich mit einem scharfen Gasstrahl angeblasen werden. Der Grad
der Verwirbelung und damit die Güte des Fadenschlusses kann dabei durch die
Stärke der Anblasung variiert werden.Both for reasons of the manufacture of the loop pile fabric according to the invention and for reasons of a particularly advantageous distribution of the matrix material in the consolidation of the back (short flow paths), it is necessary that there is a thread closure between the filaments A and B and possibly C.
The thread closure between the filaments is necessary in order to form a thread body which can be processed in the manner of a yarn, ie which can be woven or knitted, for example, without individual filaments of the composite becoming detached from it or forming larger loops and thus disrupting the processing steps to lead.
The required thread closure can be brought about, for example, by imparting a so-called protective twist of, for example, 10 to 100 turns / m to the yarn, or by spot welding the filaments together. The required thread closure is preferably brought about by swirling in a jet nozzle, the filaments to be connected to a yarn being blown laterally in a narrow thread channel with a sharp gas jet. The degree of intermingling and thus the quality of the thread closure can be varied by the strength of the blowing.
Vorzugsweise sind die Filamente A,B und ggf. C des Multifilament-Hybridgarns miteinander verwirbelt, wobei der Verwirbelungsgrad des Multifilament-Hybridgarns zweckmäßigerweise einer Öffnungslänge von 10 bis 100 mm entspricht.The filaments are preferably A, B and possibly C of the multifilament hybrid yarn intermingled with each other, the degree of intermingling of the multifilament hybrid yarn suitably corresponds to an opening length of 10 to 100 mm.
Der Verwirbelungsgrad wird charakterisiert durch die Angabe der Öffnungslänge, die gemäß der in US-A-2 985 995 beschriebenen Nadeltest-Methode mit einem ITEMAT Nadeltest-Gerät gemessen wird.The degree of swirl is characterized by the opening length, those according to the needle test method described in US-A-2 985 995 with a ITEMAT needle test device is measured.
Weitere bevorzugte Merkmale des Multifilament-Hybridgarns, die je nach Anwendungserfordernissen oder Zweckmäßigkeit einzeln oder in wechselnden Kombinationen vorliegen können, sind, daß die Filamente B glatt sind, das Multifilament-Hybridgarn keine Begleitfilamente C enthält, es einen Gesamttiter von 80 bis 500 dtex, vorzugsweise 100 bis 400 dtex, insbesondere 160 bis 320 dtex, hat, die höherschmelzenden texturierten Filamente A einen Einzelfilament-Titer von 0,5 bis 15 dtex, vorzugsweise von 2 bis 10 dtex, haben, und die niedrigerschmelzenden Filamente B einen Einzelfilament-Titer von 1 bis 20 dtex, vorzugsweise von 3 bis 15 dtex, haben. Other preferred features of the multifilament hybrid yarn that depend on Application requirements or practicality individually or in changing Combinations can be that the filaments B are smooth, that Multifilament hybrid yarn contains no accompanying filaments C, it has a total titer of 80 to 500 dtex, preferably 100 to 400 dtex, in particular 160 to 320 dtex, , the higher melting textured filaments A has a single filament titer of 0.5 to 15 dtex, preferably 2 to 10 dtex, and the low-melting filaments B a single filament titer of 1 to 20 dtex, preferably from 3 to 15 dtex.
Im Interesse einer guten textilen Qualität der erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware ist es zweckmäßig ein Multifilament-Hybridgarn einzusetzen dessen höherschmelzende texturierte Filamente A einen Anfangsmodul von 15 bis 28 N/tex, vorzugsweise von 20 bis 25 N/tex, und eine feinheitsbezogene Höchstzugkraft von über 25 cN/tex, vorzugsweise von über 30 cN/tex, insbesondere von 30 bis 40 cN/tex haben.In the interest of good textile quality of the loop pile fabric according to the invention it is advisable to use a multifilament hybrid yarn higher melting textured filaments A an initial modulus of 15 to 28 N / tex, preferably from 20 to 25 N / tex, and a fineness-related maximum tensile force of over 25 cN / tex, preferably over 30 cN / tex, in particular from 30 to 40 have cN / tex.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei der Herstellung des Rückens neben den erfindungsgemäß einzusetzenden Multifilament-Hybridgarn auch andere Garne mitverarbeitet werden können, wobei diese z.B. gemischt mit dem Hybridgarn oder isoliert in henkelfreien Reihen vorliegen können. Zweckmäßigerweise soll jedoch der Anteil des Multifilament-Hybridgarns im Rücken mindestens 20 %, vorzugsweise mindestens 35%, insbesondere 40 bis 100% betragen.It has been shown that in addition to the production of the back Multifilament hybrid yarn to be used according to the invention also other yarns can also be processed, e.g. mixed with the hybrid yarn or can be isolated in rows without handles. Expediently, however, should the proportion of the multifilament hybrid yarn in the back at least 20%, preferably amount to at least 35%, in particular 40 to 100%.
Für die meisten Applikationen ist es zweckmäßig daß das Flächengewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware 80 bis 250 g/m2, vorzugsweise 100 bis 180 g/m2, insbesondere 100 bis 150 g/m2 beträgt und daß das Gewichtsverhältnis von textilem Rücken zu Polgarn in der Rohware im Bereich von 90:10 bis 50:50, vorzugsweise 85:15 bis 70:30, liegt.For most applications it is useful that the basis weight of the loop pile fabric according to the invention is 80 to 250 g / m 2 , preferably 100 to 180 g / m 2 , in particular 100 to 150 g / m 2 , and that the weight ratio of textile back to pile yarn in the Raw goods are in the range from 90:10 to 50:50, preferably 85:15 to 70:30.
Ferner ist es zweckmäßig, daß die Henkel eine Länge von 1,0 bis 4,0 mm, vorzugsweise von 1,0 bis 3,0 mm, haben.It is also expedient that the handles have a length of 1.0 to 4.0 mm, preferably from 1.0 to 3.0 mm.
In der Regel genügt die erfindungsgemäße Schlingenpolware den Anforderungen
an Klettbefestigungsmaterial wenn der Gesamttiter des Polgarns, wie oben
angegeben, 30 bis 200 dtex. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Titerbereich von 76 bis
150 dtex.
Dabei beträgt der Einzelfilament-Titer des Polgarns, normalerweise 5 bis 25 dtex,
vorzugsweise 5 bis 18 dtex, insbesondere 10 bis 16 dtex.
Die Polgarne können glatt sein. Es hat hat jedoch den Anschein, daß die
Haftwilligkeit der Klettbefestigung noch etwas verbessert wird, wenn die Polgarne
texturiert sind. Daher ist es bevorzugt, daß die Polgarne texturiert, vorzugsweise
blas-oder falschdrahttexturiert, sind. As a rule, the loop pile fabric according to the invention meets the requirements for Velcro fastening material if the total titer of the pile yarn, as stated above, is 30 to 200 dtex. The titer range from 76 to 150 dtex is particularly preferred.
The single filament titer of the pile yarn is normally 5 to 25 dtex, preferably 5 to 18 dtex, in particular 10 to 16 dtex.
The pile yarns can be smooth. However, it seems that the adherence of the Velcro fastener is improved somewhat if the pile yarns are textured. It is therefore preferred that the pile yarns are textured, preferably blown or false wire textured.
Der Schlingenpol der erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware kann neben den oder anstelle der oben genannten relativ grobtitrigen, vorzugsweise texturierten Multifilamentgarne auch Monofilamente enthalten bzw. daraus bestehen. Die polbildenden oder im Pol enthaltenen Monofilamente haben zweckmäßigerweise Titer von 20 bis 70 dtex, vorzugsweise 33 bis 50 dtex.The loop pile of the loop pile fabric according to the invention can be in addition to the or instead of the relatively coarse-titled, preferably textured ones mentioned above Multifilament yarns also contain or consist of monofilaments. Have the pile-forming or monofilaments contained in the pile expediently titers of 20 to 70 dtex, preferably 33 to 50 dtex.
Da der Pol die Haftung des erfindungsgemäßen Materials an Häkchenflächen von Polbefestigungen bewirken muß, versteht es sich, daß er aus ungeschnittenen Polgarn-Schlingen besteht.Since the pole the adhesion of the material according to the invention to checkmark areas of Must effect pole fixings, it goes without saying that it is made of uncut Polgarn loops exist.
Wie oben bereits angegeben ist eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen
Schlingenpolware dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der textile Rücken aus
Maschenware besteht.
In dieser Ausführungsform kann der Rücken der erfindungsgemäßen
Schlingenpolware gewirkt oder gestrickt sein.
Die gewirkten textilen Flächen können kettengewirkt oder kuliergewirkt sein.
Ein gestrickter oder gewirkter Rücken kann Rechts/Rechts, Links/Links oder eine
Rechts/Links-Maschenstruktur und deren bekannte Varianten sowie Jacquard-Musterungen
aufweisen.As already stated above, an embodiment of the loop pile fabric according to the invention is characterized in that the textile back consists of knitted fabric.
In this embodiment, the back of the loop pile fabric according to the invention can be knitted or knitted.
The knitted textile surfaces can be warp knitted or knitted.
A knitted or knitted back can have right / right, left / left or a right / left stitch structure and their known variants as well as jacquard patterns.
Wie oben ebenfalls bereits angegeben, ist eine weitere Ausführungsform der
erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der textile
Rücken gewebt ist.
Im Prinzip kann ein gewebter Rücken alle bekannten Gewebekonstruktionen
aufweisen wie die Leinwandbindung und deren Ableitungen.As also already stated above, a further embodiment of the loop pile fabric according to the invention is characterized in that the textile back is woven.
In principle, a woven backing can have all known fabric constructions such as the plain weave and its derivatives.
Die Gewebe- oder Maschenbindungen werden nach dem beabsichtigten
Einsatzzweck des erfindungsgemäßen Textilmaterials ausgewählt, wobei in erster
Linie technische Zweckmäßigkeit ausschlaggebend sind. Bevorzugte
Maschenstruktur ist die Grundbindungen Rechts/Rechts, Links/Links oder eine
Rechts/Links, bevorzugte Gewebebindung ist die Leinwandbindung ggf. mit
einfachen Ableitungen ohne größere Flottierungen.
Bevorzugt sind jeweils die Grundstrukturen der Maschenwaren oder Gewebe. The woven or knitted fabrics are selected according to the intended use of the textile material according to the invention, technical convenience being the primary factor. The preferred stitch structure is the basic weave right / right, left / left or a right / left, the preferred weave is the plain weave, if necessary with simple derivatives without major floats.
The basic structures of the knitted fabrics or fabrics are preferred in each case.
Die Dichte der Rückenfläche liegt je nach der Anwendung für die das Material vorgesehen ist und je nach dem Titer der bei der Herstellung eingesetzten Garne bei Geweben im Bereich von 10 bis 25 Fäden/cm, vorzugsweise von 14 bis 20 Fäden/cm in Kette und Schuß, bei Maschenware bei einer entsprechenden Maschendichte von ca. 12 bis 30 Nadeln/inch, vorzugsweise 16 bis 24 Nadeln/inch. Innerhalb dieses Bereichs können die Dichten natürlich dem beabsichtigten Anwendungsfall angepaßt werden.The density of the back surface depends on the application for which the material is used is provided and depending on the titer of the yarns used in the manufacture for fabrics in the range from 10 to 25 threads / cm, preferably from 14 to 20 Threads / cm in warp and weft, in the case of knitwear with a corresponding one Stitch density of approx. 12 to 30 needles / inch, preferably 16 to 24 needles / inch. Within this range the densities can of course be the intended one Use case to be adapted.
Je nach den Anforderungen des Anwendungsfalls weisen bei einem Rücken aus
Maschenwaren mindestens 20 %, vorzugsweise 33 bis 100 % der Maschen
Polgarne auf.
Aus dem gleichen Grund kann es zweckmäßig sein, daß bei einem Rückengewebe
nicht jeder Kett-und/oder Schußfaden Polnoppen einbindet. In der Regel binden bei
einem Rückengewebe 20 %, vorzugsweise 33 bis 100 % der Kett-und/oder
Schußfäden Polnoppen ein.
Die Anordnung der Polschlaufen kann über der ganzen Fläche der
Schlingenpolware gleichmäßig sein, oder die Polschlaufen können in örtlich
unterschiedlicher Dichte, z.B. rapportmäßig angeordnet sein. So können Bereiche
der Schlingenpolware, in denen die Maschen Henkel haben, mit Zonen abwechseln,
in denen keine Henkel vorhanden sind.
Zur Gestaltung von Flächen mit örtlich unterschiedlichen Haftvermögen können die
Maschen der Grundware mustermäßig mit Henkeln kombiniert sein, was durch
entsprechende jacquardmäßige Nadelauswahl der Strickmaschine erreicht wird
oder es können Henkel-Leerreihen, d.h. komplette Grundreihen ohne Henkel
vorliegen.
Beispielsweise können auf 1 bis 5 Henkelreihen eine oder zwei Reihen ohne Henkel
folgen (Querripp-Effekt). Auch Muster mit gewebeähnlichem Charakter lassen sich
auf diese Weise herstellen. Auf diese Weise hergestellte Dessigns weisen
längslaufende und/oder querlaufende und/oder diagonallaufende Gassen auf.Depending on the requirements of the application, at least 20%, preferably 33 to 100%, of the stitches have pile yarns on a knitted fabric back.
For the same reason it can be expedient that not every warp and / or weft thread integrates pile knobs in a backing fabric. As a rule, 20%, preferably 33 to 100%, of the warp and / or weft threads incorporate pile nubs in a backing fabric.
The arrangement of the pole loops can be uniform over the entire surface of the loop pile fabric, or the pole loops can be arranged in different densities, for example, in a repeat pattern. Areas of the loop pile fabric in which the loops have handles can alternate with zones in which there are no handles.
To design areas with different adhesion properties, the mesh of the basic fabric can be combined in a pattern with handles, which is achieved by appropriate jacquard-like needle selection of the knitting machine, or there can be empty rows of handles, ie complete basic rows without handles.
For example, 1 to 5 rows of handles can be followed by one or two rows without handles (cross rib effect). Patterns with a fabric-like character can also be produced in this way. Designs produced in this way have longitudinal and / or transverse and / or diagonal streets.
Sprechen keine besonderen anwendungstechnische Forderungen für die Verwendung unterschiedlicher Materialien in Henkel- und Grundgarn, so ist es bevorzugt, für beide Polyester-Filamentgarne einzusetzen. Do not speak any special application requirements for the Use of different materials in handle and base yarn, that's how it is preferred to use for both polyester filament yarns.
Vorzugsweise haben alle im Polgarn enthaltenen Filamente einen Schmelzpunkt der
mindestens 20°C, vorzugsweise mindestens 40°C insbesondere mindestens 80°C
über dem Schmelzpunkt der Filamente B des Multifilament-Hybridgarns liegt. Ist
dies aus besonderen Gründen nicht der Fall so ist bei der Verfestigung des
Rückens der erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware darauf zu achten, daß die
Wärmebehandlung auf den Rücken des Materials beschränkt wird, z.B. durch
Kontakterwärmung an einer Heizfläche, wenn eine Verhärtung des Polgarns
vermieden werden soll.
Für besondere Anwendungsfälle, wo eine Versteifung der Polösen erwünscht ist,
kann jedoch auch der Pol aus dem oben beschriebenen Multifilament-Hybridgarn,
ggf. in den oben angegebenen groben Titern, bestehen oder das oben
beschriebene Polgarn kann Filamente B, wie sie im Hybridgarn enthalten sind,
aufweisen. Bei einer Wärmebehandlung der Schlingenpolware erfolgt in diesen
Fällen auch die Versteifung des Pols.All of the filaments contained in the pile yarn preferably have a melting point which is at least 20 ° C., preferably at least 40 ° C., in particular at least 80 ° C. above the melting point of filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn. If this is not the case for special reasons, it should be ensured when the back of the loop pile fabric according to the invention is consolidated that the heat treatment is limited to the back of the material, for example by contact heating on a heating surface, if hardening of the pile yarn is to be avoided.
For special applications, where stiffening of the pile eyelets is desired, the pile can also consist of the multifilament hybrid yarn described above, possibly in the above-mentioned coarse titers, or the pile yarn described above can contain filaments B as contained in the hybrid yarn , exhibit. When the loop pile fabric is heat treated, the pile is also stiffened in these cases.
Geeignete Garne in den oben angegebenen Titerbereichen sind beispielsweise unter den Handelsnamen ®TREVIRA texturiert und ®TREVIRA MONOFIL, in verschiedenen Typen, bekannt.Suitable yarns in the titer ranges given above are, for example textured under the trade names ®TREVIRA and ®TREVIRA MONOFIL, in different types, known.
Wie oben ausgeführt, wird der Rücken der erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware aus einem Multifilament-Hybridgarn hergestellt, das höherschmelzende (A) und niedrigerschmelzende Filamente (B) aufweist, wobei die Schmelzpunkte einen bestimmten, verfahrenstechnisch bedingten Mindestabstand haben müssen, und die Filamente A texturiert sind. Diese Merkmale sind notwendig aber auch ausreichend, um der erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware und dem sie tragenden Rücken die Verformbarkeit und die Fähigkeit zur Thermoverfestigung zu vermitteln.As stated above, the back of the loop pile fabric according to the invention Made from a multifilament hybrid yarn, the higher melting (A) and has lower-melting filaments (B), the melting points being one certain, procedural minimum distance, and the Filaments A are textured. These characteristics are necessary but also sufficient around the loop pile fabric according to the invention and the back carrying it Deformability and the ability to impart thermosetting.
Für die Filamente A des Multifilament-Hybridgarns gilt, daß sie oberhalb 180°C,
vorzugsweise über 220°C, insbesondere über 250°C schmelzen sollen. Sie können
im Prinzip aus allen spinnfähigen Materialien bestehen, die diese Voraussetzungen
erfüllen. Geeignet sind daher sowohl halbsynthetische Materialien, wie z.B.
Filamente aus regenerierter Zellulose oder Zelluloseacetat, als auch synthetische
Filamente, die wegen der Möglichkeit, ihre mechanischen und chemischen
Eigenschaften in weitem Bereich zu variieren, besonders bevorzugt sind.
So können prinzipiell Filamente A aus Hochleistungspolymeren bestehen, wie z.B.
aus Polymeren, die ohne oder mit nur geringer Verstreckung, ggf. nach einer dem
Spinnvorgang nachgeschalteten Wärmebehandlung, Filamente mit sehr hohem
Anfangsmodul und sehr hoher Reißfestigkeit (= feinheitsbezogener Höchstzugkraft)
liefern. Solche Filamente sind eingehend beschrieben in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of
Industrial Chemistry, 5.Auflage (1989), Band A13, Seiten 1 bis 21 sowie Band 21,
Seiten 449 bis 456. Sie bestehen beispielsweise aus flüssigkristallinen Polyestern
(LCP), Polybenzimidazol (PBI), Polyetherketon (PEK), Polyetheretherketon (PEEK),
Polyetherimiden (PEI), Polyethersulfon (PESU), Aramiden wie Poly-(m-phenylenisophthalamid)(PMIA),
Poly-(m-phenylen-terephthalamid)(PMTA), oder
Poly(phenylensulfid)(PPS).
In der Regel ist jedoch der Einsatz derartiger Hochleistungsfasern nicht erforderlich
und im Hinblick auf die Anforderungen an die Festigkeit des Rückenmaterials der
erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware auch nicht zweckmäßig.
Zweckmäßigerweise bestehen daher die Filamente A aus regenerierter oder
modifizierter Zellulose, höherschmelzenden Polyamiden (PA), wie z.B. 6-PA oder
6,6-PA, Polyvinylalkohol, Polyacrylnitril, Modacrylpolymeren, Polycarbonat,
insbesondere aber aus Polyestern. Polyester eignen sich insbesondere deshalb als
Rohstoff für die Filamente A weil es möglich ist, auf relativ einfache Weise durch
Modifikation der Polyesterkette die chemischen, mechanischen und sonstigen
physikalischen anwendungsrelevanten Eigenschaften, insbesondere z.B. den
Schmelzpunkt zu variieren.It applies to filaments A of the multifilament hybrid yarn that they should melt above 180 ° C., preferably above 220 ° C., in particular above 250 ° C. In principle, they can consist of all spinnable materials that meet these requirements. Suitable are therefore both semi-synthetic materials, such as filaments made from regenerated cellulose or cellulose acetate, and synthetic filaments, which are particularly preferred because of the possibility of varying their mechanical and chemical properties over a wide range.
In principle, filaments A can consist of high-performance polymers, such as polymers that deliver filaments with no or only slight stretching, possibly after a heat treatment after the spinning process, filaments with a very high initial modulus and very high tensile strength (= fineness-related maximum tensile strength). Such filaments are described in detail in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th edition (1989), volume A13, pages 1 to 21 and volume 21, pages 449 to 456. They consist, for example, of liquid-crystalline polyesters (LCP), polybenzimidazole (PBI), Polyether ketone (PEK), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether imides (PEI), polyether sulfone (PESU), aramids such as poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA), poly (m-phenylene terephthalamide) (PMTA), or poly (phenylene sulfide) ) (PPS).
In general, however, the use of such high-performance fibers is not necessary and is also not expedient in view of the requirements for the strength of the back material of the loop pile fabric according to the invention.
The filaments A therefore advantageously consist of regenerated or modified cellulose, higher-melting polyamides (PA), such as 6-PA or 6,6-PA, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, modacrylic polymers, polycarbonate, but especially of polyesters. Polyesters are particularly suitable as raw material for filaments A because it is possible to vary the chemical, mechanical and other physical properties relevant to the application, in particular, for example, the melting point, in a relatively simple manner by modifying the polyester chain.
Als Polymermaterial, aus denen die niedriger schmelzenden Filamente (B) bestehen, kommen ebenfalls zweckmäßigerweise spinnfähige Polymere in Betracht wie z.B. Vinylpolymere wie Polyolefine, wie Polyethylen oder Polypropylen, Polybuten, niedriger schmelzende Polyamide, wie z.B. 11-PA oder alicyclische Polyamide (z.B. das durch Kondensation von 4,4'-Diaminodicyclohexylmethan und Decancarbonsäre erhältliche Produkt), insbesondere aber auch hier modifizierte Polyester mit erniedrigtem SchmelzpunktAs a polymer material from which the lower melting filaments (B) exist, spinnable polymers are also useful such as. Vinyl polymers such as polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, Polybutene, lower melting polyamides, e.g. 11-PA or alicyclic Polyamides (e.g. by condensation of 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane and Decan carbons available product), but especially modified here Low melting point polyester
Die Polgarne bestimmen weitgehend den textilen Charakter der erfindungsgemäßen
Schlingenpolware. Sie können aus allen üblicherweise zur Herstellung des Pols von
Schlingenpolwaren, z.B. von Plüschen, eingesetzten Faser- und
Filamentmaterialien bestehen. So können die Polgarne aus Spinnfasern aus
natürlichen Fasermaterialien, wie z.B. Baumwolle oder Wolle, bestehen oder aus
halbsynthetischen Fasermaterialien, oder auch aus Synthesefasern und -filamenten.
Auch Mischungen von natürlichen und synthetischen Fasern können im Polgarn
vorliegen, wenn dies den Anforderungen des Endverbrauchers gerecht wird.
Die Polgarne sind in der Regel gefärbt, z.B. spinngefärbt, und es werden häufig
Garne verschiedener Färbungen verarbeitet um bestimmte Dekorative Effekte zu
erzielen.
Vorzugsweise sind, aus den oben bereits erwähnten Gründen, die Polgarne
texturiert.The pile yarns largely determine the textile character of the loop pile fabric according to the invention. They can consist of all of the fiber and filament materials commonly used to manufacture the pile of loop pile goods, eg plushes. The pile yarns can consist of spun fibers made of natural fiber materials, such as cotton or wool, or of semi-synthetic fiber materials, or also of synthetic fibers and filaments.
Blends of natural and synthetic fibers can also be present in the pile yarn if this meets the requirements of the end user.
The pile yarns are usually dyed, for example spun-dyed, and yarns of different colors are often processed to achieve certain decorative effects.
For the reasons already mentioned above, the pile yarns are preferably textured.
Wie oben bereits dargelegt, ist es besonders zweckmäßig, daß die höherschmelzenden texturierten Filamente A Polyesterfilamente sind, und daß es dann besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn auch die niedrigerschmelzenden Filamente B aus modifiziertem Polyester mit erniedrigtem Schmelzpunkt bestehen.As already stated above, it is particularly expedient that the higher melting textured filaments A are polyester filaments, and that it is particularly advantageous if the lower-melting filaments B consist of modified polyester with a lower melting point.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht das Polgarn aus der gleichen Polymerklasse wie die Rückengarne. Es ist besonders bevorzugt, daß das Polgarn ein Polyestergarn ist.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention there is Polgarn from the same polymer class as the back yarns. It is special preferred that the pile yarn is a polyester yarn.
Wenn die Rückengarne und das Polgarn im wesentlichen aus der gleichen Polymerklasse besteht, ergeben sich erhebliche Vorteile bei der Entsorgung des gebrauchten Materials. Ein derartiges sortenreines Produkt kann nämlich auf besonders einfache Weise recyclisiert werden, z.B. durch einfaches Aufschmelzen und Regranulieren.When the back yarns and the pile yarn are essentially the same Polymer class exists, there are considerable advantages in the disposal of the used material. Such a single-product can namely can be recycled in a particularly simple manner, e.g. by simply melting and regranulate.
Sofern das Polymermaterial von Rücken und Pol Polyester ist, besteht darüberhinaus die Möglichkeit aus den gebrauchten Produkten z.B. durch Alkoholyse wertvolle Rohmaterialien zur erneuten Herstellung von Polyestern zu gewinnen. Polyester im Sinne dieser Erfindung sind auch Copolyester, die aus mehr als einer Sorte von Dicarbonsäureresten und/oder mehr als einer Sorte Diolresten aufgebaut sind.If the polymer material of the back and pole is polyester, there is furthermore the possibility from the used products e.g. by Alcoholysis valuable raw materials for the new production of polyesters win. Polyesters for the purposes of this invention are also copolyesters which consist of more as one type of dicarboxylic acid residue and / or more than one type of diol residue are built up.
Ein Polyester, aus dem die Fasermaterialien der erfindungsgemäßen
Schlingenpolware hergestellt sind, besteht zu mindestens 70 Mol.-%, bezogen auf
die Gesamtheit aller Polyesterbaugruppen, aus Baugruppen, die sich von
aromatischen Dicarbonsäuren und von aliphatischen Diolen ableiten, und
zu maximal 30 Mol%, bezogen auf die Gesamtheit aller Polyesterbaugruppen, aus
Dicarbonsäure-Baugruppen, die von den aromatischen Dicarbonsäure-Baugruppen,
die den überwiegenden Teil der Dicarbonsäure-Baugruppen bilden, verschieden
sind oder sich von araliphatischen Dicarbonsäuren mit einem oder mehreren,
vorzugsweise einem oder zwei kondensierten oder nicht kondensierten
aromatischen Kernen, oder von aliphatischen Dicarbonsäuren mit insgesamt 4 bis
12 C-Atomen, vorzugsweise 6 bis 10 C-Atomen ableiten
und Diol-Baugruppen, die sich von verzweigten und/oder längerkettigen Diolen mit 3
bis 10, vorzugsweise 3 bis 6, C-Atomen, oder von cyclischen Diolen, oder von
Ethergruppen enthaltenden Diolen, oder, sofern in geringer Menge vorhanden, von
Polyglycol mit einem Molgewicht von ca. 500 - 2000 ableiten.A polyester from which the fiber materials of the loop pile fabric according to the invention are made consists of at least 70 mol%, based on the totality of all polyester assemblies, of assemblies which are derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and from aliphatic diols, and
to a maximum of 30 mol%, based on the totality of all polyester assemblies, from dicarboxylic acid assemblies which are different from the aromatic dicarboxylic acid assemblies which form the majority of the dicarboxylic acid assemblies or from araliphatic dicarboxylic acids with one or more, preferably one or two condensed or uncondensed aromatic nuclei, or derived from aliphatic dicarboxylic acids with a total of 4 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms
and diol assemblies, which are derived from branched and / or longer-chain diols having 3 to 10, preferably 3 to 6, C atoms, or of cyclic diols, or of diols containing ether groups, or, if present in small quantities, of polyglycol derive a molecular weight of approx. 500 - 2000.
Im Einzelnen ist der Polyester des Kerns, bezogen auf die Gesamtheit aller
Polyesterbaugruppen, aus
Die erfindungsgemäße Schlingenpolware, deren Fasermaterialien aus derartigen Polyestern, insbesondere aus Polyethylenterephthalat, bestehen, sind nicht leicht zu entflammen.The loop pile fabric according to the invention, the fiber materials of which Polyesters, especially polyethylene terephthalate, are not easy to kindle.
Die Schwerentflammbarkeit kann noch verstärkt werden durch den Einsatz von flammhemmend modifizierten Polyestern. Derartige flammhemmend modifizierten Polyester sind bekannt. Sie enthalten Zusätze von Halogenverbindungen, insbesondere Bromverbindungen, oder, was besonders vorteilhaft ist, sie enthalten Phosphorverbindungen, die in die Polyesterkette einkondensiert sind. Besonders bevorzugte, flammhemmende erfindungsgemäße Schlingenpolwaren enthalten in Rücken und/oder Pol Garne aus Polyestern, die in der Kette Baugruppen der Formel worin R Alkylen oder Polymethylen mit 2 bis 6 C-Atomen oder Phenyl und R1 Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 C-Atomen, Aryl oder Aralkyl bedeutet, einkondensiert enthalten. Vorzugsweise bedeuten in der Formel VI R Ethylen und R1 Methyl, Ethyl, Phenyl, oder o-, m- oder p-Methyl-phenyl, insbesondere Methyl.Flame retardancy can be increased by using flame retardant modified polyesters. Such flame-retardant modified polyesters are known. They contain additions of halogen compounds, in particular bromine compounds, or, which is particularly advantageous, they contain phosphorus compounds which are condensed into the polyester chain. Particularly preferred, flame-retardant loop pile articles according to the invention contain yarns made of polyester in the back and / or pile, which assemblies of the formula in the chain wherein R is alkylene or polymethylene with 2 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl and R 1 is alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl or aralkyl, contained in condensed form. In the formula VI, R preferably denotes ethylene and R 1 denotes methyl, ethyl, phenyl, or o-, m- or p-methylphenyl, in particular methyl.
Die Baugruppen der Formel VI sind zweckmäßigerweise in der Polyesterkette zu bis zu 15 Mol%, vorzugsweise zu 1 bis 10 Mol%, enthalten.The components of the formula VI are expediently up to in the polyester chain 15 mol%, preferably 1 to 10 mol%, contain.
Es ist von besonderem Vorteil wenn die eingesetzten Polyester nicht mehr als 60
mVal/kg, vorzugsweise weniger als 30 mVal/kg, verkappte Carboxylendgruppen und
weniger als 5 mVal/kg, vorzugsweise weniger als 2 mVal/kg, insbesondere weniger
als 1,5 mVal/kg, freie Carboxylendgruppen aufweist.
Vorzugsweise weist daher der Polyester z.B. durch Umsetzung mit Mono-, Bis- und/oder
Polycarbodiimiden verkappte Carboxylendgruppen auf.
In einer weiteren, im Hinblick auf eine auch über längere Zeiträume anhaltende
Hydrolysestabilität weist der Polyester des Kerns und der Polyester der
Polyestermischung des Mantels maximal 200 ppm, vorzugsweise maximal 50 ppm,
insbesondere 0 bis 20 ppm, Mono- und/oder Biscarbodiimide und 0,02 bis 0,6 Gew.-%,
vorzugsweise 0,05 bis 0,5 Gew.-% freies Polycarbodiimid mit einem mittleren
Molekulargewicht von 2000 bis 15000, vorzugsweise von 5000 bis 10000 auf.
Die Polyester der in der erfindungsgemäßen Polware enthaltenen Garne können
außer den Polymer-Materialien bis zu 10 Gew% von nicht-polymeren Stoffen, wie
Modifizierungszusätzen, Füllmitteln, Mattierungsmitteln, Farbpigmenten,
Farbstoffen, Stabilisatoren, wie UV-Absorbern, Antioxydantien, Hydrolyse-, Licht- und
Temperatur-Stabilisatoren und/oder Verarbeitungshilfsmitteln enthalten.It is of particular advantage if the polyesters used do not contain more than 60 meq / kg, preferably less than 30 meq / kg, blocked carboxyl end groups and less than 5 meq / kg, preferably less than 2 meq / kg, in particular less than 1.5 meq / kg, has free carboxyl end groups.
The polyester therefore preferably has blocked carboxyl end groups, for example by reaction with mono-, bis- and / or polycarbodiimides.
In a further hydrolysis stability, which also lasts for longer periods of time, the polyester of the core and the polyester of the polyester mixture of the jacket have a maximum of 200 ppm, preferably a maximum of 50 ppm, in particular 0 to 20 ppm, mono- and / or biscarbodiimides and 0, 02 to 0.6 wt .-%, preferably 0.05 to 0.5 wt .-% free polycarbodiimide with an average molecular weight of 2000 to 15000, preferably from 5000 to 10,000. In addition to the polymer materials, the polyesters of the yarns contained in the pile fabric according to the invention can contain up to 10% by weight of non-polymeric substances, such as modification additives, fillers, matting agents, color pigments, dyes, stabilizers, such as UV absorbers, antioxidants, hydrolysis and light - And contain temperature stabilizers and / or processing aids.
Ein Gegenstand der Erfindung sind auch die verfestigten oben beschriebenen Schlingenpolwaren, d.h. solche, bei denen die niedriger schmelzenden Filamente B des Multifilament-Hybridgarns des textilen Rückens zumindest partiell eine Matrix bilden, die die höherschmelzenden texturierten Filamente des Multifilament-Hybridgarns untereinander und mit dem Polgarn im Bereich der Rückenebene miteinander verbindet. An object of the invention are also the solidified ones described above Loop pile goods, i.e. those in which the lower melting filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn of the textile back at least partially a matrix form the higher-melting textured filaments of the multifilament hybrid yarn with each other and with the pile yarn in the area of the back plane connects with each other.
Ein besonderes Charakteristikum dieses Materials ist, daß nicht nur der Rücken durch zumindest partielle Matrixbildung der Filamente B des Multifilament-Hybridgarns des Rückens verfestigt ist sondern daß überraschenderweise die Festigkeit der Einbindung des Polgarns in den Rücken höher ist als dessen Höchstzugkraft.A special characteristic of this material is that not only the back by at least partial matrix formation of filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn of the back is solidified but that surprisingly the The strength of the binding of the pile yarn in the back is higher than that Maximum traction.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur
Herstellung einer thermisch zu verfestigenden Schlingenpolware aus einem textilen
Rücken aus Maschenware oder Gewebe und darin eingebundenen henkelbildenden
Polgarnen, durch Weben, Wirken oder Stricken eines Gewebes, eines Gewirkes
oder eines Gestricks mit eingebundenen Henkeln, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist,
daß
das dem Webstuhl, der Wirk- oder der Strickmaschine zur Bildung der textilen
Rückenflächen der Schlingenpolware zugeführte Garn zu mindestens 30 %,
vorzugsweise mindestens 75 % ein Multifilament-Hybridgarn ist, bestehend aus
mindestens 2 Sorten A und B von Filamenten und ggf. Begleitfilamenten C besteht,
wobei
die Filamente A
texturiert sind und einen Schmelzpunkt über 180°C, vorzugsweise über
220°C insbesondere über 250°C haben,
die Filamente B
einen Schmelzpunkt unter 220°C, vorzugsweise unter 200°C, insbesondere
unter 180°C haben,
der Schmelzpunkt der Filamente B mindestens 20 °C, vorzugsweise mindestens
40°C, insbesondere mindestens 80°C unter dem Schmelzpunkt der Filamente A
liegt, und
das Gewichtsverhältnis der Filamente A:B im Bereich von 20:80 bis 80:20,
vorzugsweise von 40:60 bis 60:40 liegt und das Multifilament-Hybridgarn noch bis
zu 40 Gew.-% Begleitfilamente C enthält,
und daß dem Webstuhl, der Wirk- oder der Strickmaschine zur Bildung des Pols ein
Multifilamentgarn mit einem Gesamttiter von 30 bis 200 dtex und Einzeltitern von 5
bis 25 dtex, und/oder Monofilamente mit einem Titer von 20 bis 70 dtex zugeführt
wird. Another object of the present invention is a method for producing a loop pile fabric to be thermally strengthened from a textile back made of knitted fabric or fabric and pile yarns which are incorporated in the handle, by weaving, knitting or knitting a fabric, a knitted fabric or a knitted fabric with integrated handles, the result is marked
that
at least 30%, preferably at least 75%, of the yarn fed to the loom, the knitting machine or the knitting machine for forming the textile back surfaces of the loop pile fabric is a multifilament hybrid yarn consisting of at least 2 types A and B of filaments and possibly accompanying filaments C. , in which
the filaments A
are textured and have a melting point above 180 ° C., preferably above 220 ° C., in particular above 250 ° C.
the filaments B
have a melting point below 220 ° C., preferably below 200 ° C., in particular below 180 ° C.,
the melting point of filaments B is at least 20 ° C., preferably at least 40 ° C., in particular at least 80 ° C. below the melting point of filaments A, and
the weight ratio of the filaments A: B is in the range from 20:80 to 80:20, preferably from 40:60 to 60:40 and the multifilament hybrid yarn still contains up to 40% by weight of accompanying filaments C,
and that a multifilament yarn with a total titer of 30 to 200 dtex and single titer of 5 to 25 dtex, and / or monofilaments with a titer of 20 to 70 dtex is fed to the loom, the knitting machine or the knitting machine for forming the pile.
Anschließend kann das erhaltene Polgewebe, -gewirke oder gestrick einer verfestigenden Wärmebehandlung, die ebenfalls ein, ggf. integraler, Teil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist, unterzogen werden bei einer Temperatur, bei der die niediger schmelzenden Filamente B des Multifilament-Hybridgarns erweichen. Auch die so hergestellte verfestigte Schlingenpolware ist Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung.Then the pile fabric, knitted fabric or knitted obtained solidifying heat treatment, which is also an integral part of the process according to the invention is subjected to at a temperature at the lower melting filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn soften. The solidified loop pile fabric thus produced is also an object of the present invention.
Die Temperatur der abschließenden Wärmebehandlung und die Behandlungsdauer
richten sich nach dem gewünschten Grad der Verfestigung und dem Schmelzpunkt
der Filamente B des Multifilament-Hybridgarns.
In der Regel wird die Wärmebehandlung bei 100 bis 200°C, vorzugsweise bei 120
bis 180°C ausgeführt.The temperature of the final heat treatment and the duration of the treatment depend on the desired degree of solidification and the melting point of the filaments B of the multifilament hybrid yarn.
As a rule, the heat treatment is carried out at 100 to 200 ° C., preferably at 120 to 180 ° C.
In der Praxis hat es sich als sehr vorteilhaft erwiesen, die Rohware des
hergestellten Polgewebes, -gewirkes oder -gestricks durch eine Wärmebehandlung
bei relativ niedriger Temperatur, z.B. durch Dämpfen, auf dem Spannrahmen
vorzufixieren.
Der Rohware wird dadurch die Aufrollneigung genommen, sie wird gängiger für die
weiteren Verarbeitungsschritte, der Pol wird besser eingebunden
(Henkelstabilisierung) und widersteht damit besser mechanischen Zugbelastungen.
Ein besonderer Vorteil, der mit der Vorfixierung verbunden ist, besteht darin, daß
keine Kaschierung zur Erzwingung der Planlage erforderlich ist und kein oder nur
sehr geringer Kantenverschnitt entsteht.In practice, it has proven to be very advantageous to pre-fix the raw fabric of the pile fabric, knitted fabric or knitted fabric produced on the tenter frame by heat treatment at a relatively low temperature, for example by steaming.
This reduces the tendency to roll up the raw material, it becomes more common for the further processing steps, the pole is better integrated (handle stabilization) and thus better withstands mechanical tensile loads. A particular advantage associated with the pre-fixing is that no lamination is required to force the flatness and there is little or no edge waste.
Es ist daher bevorzugt, daß die Rohware des hergestellten Polgewebes, -gewirkes
oder -gestricks auf dem Spannrahmen vorfixiert wird.
Vorzugsweise werden zur Bildung des Rückens Multifilament-Hybridgarne eingesetzt
deren Filamente B glatt sind.It is therefore preferred that the raw fabric of the pile fabric, knitted fabric or knitted fabric is pre-fixed on the tenter.
Multifilament hybrid yarns whose filaments B are smooth are preferably used to form the back.
Weiterhin wird entsprechend den Anforderungen der Anwendungspraxis das Verfahren so gesteuert, daß das Flächengewicht der Schlingenpolware 80 bis 250 g/m2, vorzugsweise 100 bis 180 g/m2, insbesondere 100 bis 150 g/m2 beträgt, und das Einlaufverhältnis von Rückengarn zu Polgarn im Bereich von 90:10 bis 60:50, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 85:15 bis 70:30, liegt.Furthermore, according to the requirements of practical application, the process is controlled so that the basis weight of the loop pile fabric is 80 to 250 g / m 2 , preferably 100 to 180 g / m 2 , in particular 100 to 150 g / m 2 , and the running-in ratio of back yarn is increased Polgarn is in the range from 90:10 to 60:50, preferably in the range from 85:15 to 70:30.
Die Steuerung erfolgt je nach gemünschter Poldichte und -musterung so, daß bei einem Rücken aus Maschenware mindestens 10 %, vorzugsweise 33 bis 100 % der Maschen Polgarne aufweisen, bei einem Rückengewebe 10 %, vorzugsweise 33 bis 100 % der Kett-und/oder Schußfäden Polnoppen einbinden.The control takes place depending on the desired pole density and pattern so that at a knitted back at least 10%, preferably 33 to 100% of the Knit pile yarns, with a backing 10%, preferably 33 to Tie in 100% of the warp and / or weft threads.
Die erfindungsgemäße Schlingenpolware ist in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform sortenrein und weist daher die oben bereits beschriebenen Vorteile bei der Entsorgung bzw. Recyclisierung auf. Darüberhinaus ergeben sich durch die vorliegende Erfindung weitere Vorteile, nämlich die Einsparung einer Kaschierung vor der Weiterverarbeitung, die Möglichkeit den Rücken soweit zu versteifen und dabei zu verdichten, daß ein direktes Hinterspritzen z.B. mit Formschäumen möglich ist, ohne daß ein Durchschlagen des Schaums auf die Polseite erfolgt. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, daß die Schlingenpolware, selbst dann wenn ihr Rücken gewebt ist, eine sehr gute dreidimensionale Verformbarkeit aufweist, die sich aus der Verwendung des beschriebenen Multifilament-Hybridgarns bei der Herstellung des Rückens ergibt. Aufgrund der sehr stabilen Henkelösen, aus denen der Pol besteht, in Kombination mit der guten Verformbarkeit und der optimal einstellbaren Flexibilität des Warenrückens, die eine vollflächige Auflage auch auf kompliziert geformte Häkchenflächen von Klettbefestigungen gewährleistet, ergibt sich eine ungewöhnlich gute Haftung der Haftflächen. Die erfindungsgemäß erzielte sehr feste Einbindung des Schlingenflors in den Rücken, die wie oben dargelegt sogar die Reißfestigkeit des Polgarns erreicht oder sogar übersteigt, führt dazu, daß die erfindungsgemäße Ösenfläche trotz ihres relativ niedrigen Flächengewichts eine sehr hohe Klettstabilität, d.h. Haftfestigkeit der Klettverbindung, und eine hervorragende Zieherunempfindlichkeit hat.The loop pile fabric according to the invention is in the preferred embodiment varietal and therefore has the advantages already described above in the Disposal or recycling. Furthermore, the present invention further advantages, namely the saving of a lamination before further processing, the possibility of stiffening the back so far and to compress that a direct back injection e.g. possible with molded foams is without the foam breaking through to the pole side. Especially It is advantageous that the loop pile fabric, even if its back is woven is, has a very good three-dimensional deformability, which results from the Use of the multifilament hybrid yarn described in the manufacture of the Back gives. Because of the very stable handle eyelets that make up the pole, in combination with the good formability and the optimally adjustable Flexibility of the back of the goods, which means a full-surface edition even on complicated guaranteed hooked surfaces of Velcro fastenings, there is a unusually good adhesion of the adhesive surfaces. The achieved very much tight integration of the loop pile in the back, which, as set out above, even reached or even exceeded the tensile strength of the pile yarn, the result is that the eyelet surface according to the invention, despite its relatively low basis weight very high Velcro stability, i.e. Adhesive strength of the Velcro connection, and a has excellent resistance to pulling.
Die folgenden Ausführungsbeispiele veranschaulichen die Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Multifilament-Hybridgarns und dessen Einsatz bei der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Schlingenpolware. The following embodiments illustrate the manufacture of the Multifilament hybrid yarn according to the invention and its use in Production of loop pile goods according to the invention.
Herstellung des für den Rücken eingesetzten Grundgarns:Production of the base yarn used for the back:
Ein Hybridgarn wird hergestellt durch dubeln eines Garns 167 dtex f 32, spinnschwarz, texturiert, aus unmodifiziertem Polyethylenterephthalat (Rohstoff-Schmelzpunkt 265°C) (®TREVIRA Type 536) mit einem Garn 140 dtex f 24 aus isophthalsäuremodifiziertem Polyethylenterephthalat (Rohstoff-Schmelzpunkt 110 bis 120°C) und gemeinsames Verwirbeln in einer mit einem Luftdruck von 2 bar betriebenen Verwirbelungsdüse, wobei das tiefer schmelzende Garn im wesentlichen glatt bleibt.A hybrid yarn is produced by dubbing a yarn 167 dtex f 32, jet black, textured, made of unmodified polyethylene terephthalate (raw material melting point 265 ° C) (®TREVIRA Type 536) with a 140 dtex f 24 yarn Isophthalic acid-modified polyethylene terephthalate (raw material melting point 110 up to 120 ° C) and swirling together in an air pressure of 2 bar operated intermingling nozzle, the deeper melting yarn in the remains essentially smooth.
Auf einer Plüschmaschine Type MLPX mit 20 Nadeln/inch und 26"
Zylinderdurchmesser, wird ein Gestrick hergestellt.
Unter Einsatz von 40 % Grundgarn gemäß Beispiel 1, und 39 % eines texturierten
Polyestergarns ®TREVIRA textur. dtex 167 f 32 Type 556 für die Bildung des
Grundes und 21 % eines texturierten Polyestergarns ®TREVIRA textur. dtex 84 f 6,
rohweiß, für die Bildung der Henkel, wird eine erfindungsgemäße Schlingenpolware
hergestellt.
Bindung: 1:1 Kurzhenkelplüsch 2,5 mm, (Hybridgarn mit Henkelgarn plattiert), mit
Voll-Zwischenreihe (nur Grund, ohne Henkel).
Rohwareneinstellung: 126 g/m2.
Anschließend wird die Ware gewaschen (Breitwäsche 40°C) und bei 160 °C auf
dem Rahmen getrocknet, fixiert und fertiggestellt.
Die Fertigware hat gespannt ein Flächengewicht von 126 g/m2.A knitted fabric is produced on a plush machine type MLPX with 20 needles / inch and 26 "cylinder diameter.
Using 40% base yarn according to Example 1 and 39% of a textured polyester yarn ®TREVIRA textur. dtex 167 f 32 Type 556 for the formation of the bottom and 21% of a textured polyester yarn ®TREVIRA textur. dtex 84 f 6, raw white, for the formation of the handles, a loop pile fabric according to the invention is produced.
Binding: 1: 1 short-handled plush 2.5 mm, (hybrid yarn plated with handle yarn), with full intermediate row (only base, without handle).
Raw material setting: 126 g / m 2 .
The goods are then washed (wide wash 40 ° C) and dried, fixed and finished on the frame at 160 ° C.
The finished product has a tensile weight of 126 g / m 2 .
Durch den Einsatz des Multifilament-Hybridgarns ist das sonst übliche
Kantenleimen nicht erforderlich, da die Ware einwandfrei flach liegt.
Sie eignet sich hervorragend als Ösenfläche für großflächige hochfeste
Klettbefestigungen.The use of the multifilament hybrid yarn means that the otherwise usual edge gluing is not necessary, since the goods lie perfectly flat.
It is ideal as an eyelet surface for large, high-strength Velcro fastenings.
Claims (26)
- Loop pile fabric consisting of a textile backing of knitted or woven fabric and loop yarns incorporated in this forming hooks, characterised by the fact that its textile backing consists of a multi-filament hybrid yarn of at least 2 sorts, A and B, of filaments, whereby
Filament A
is textured and has a melting point over 180 °C;
Filament B
has a melting point less than 220 °C;
the melting point of filament B is at least 20 °C less than the melting point of filament A, the weight ratio of filament A : B is in the range 20:80 to 80:20, and the loop consists of hook loops with a hook length of 1 to 4 mm, made of a multi-filament yarn with a total titre of 30 to 200 dtex and individual titres of 5 to 25 dtex, and/or of mono-filaments with a titre of 20 to 70 dtex. - Loop pile fabric as per claim 1, characterised by the fact that it is shapable in three dimensions.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per claims 1 and 2, characterised by the fact that the higher melting textured A filaments of the multi-filament hybrid yarn have a curl of 3 to 50%.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 3, characterised by the fact that its backing can be stabilised by heat treatment.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 4, characterised by the fact that the A filaments of the multi-filament hybrid yarn have a melting point of 220 °C to 300 °C.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 5, characterised by the fact that the B filaments of the multi-filament hybrid yarn have a melting point less of 110 to 220°C.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 6, characterised by the fact that the multi-filament hybrid yarn contains up to 40% weight supplementary filament C.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 7, characterised by the fact that the multi-filament hybrid yarn has a total titre of 80 to 500 dtex, the higher melting textured filament A of the multi-filament hybrid yarn has an individual filament titre of 0.5 to 15 dtex, and the lower melting filament B has an individual filament titre of 1 to 20 dtex.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 8, characterised by the fact that its surface weight is 80 to 250 g/m2.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims I to 9, characterised by the fact that the weight ratio of textile backing to loop yarn in the unprocessed product is in the range 90:10 to 50:50.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 10, characterised by the fact that the total titre of the loop yarn is 30 to 200 dtex.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 11, characterised by the fact that the individual filament titre of the loop yarn is 5 to 18 dtex.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 12, characterised by the fact that the yarn contains or consists of mono-filaments forming the loops with a titre of 33 to 50 dtex.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 13, characterised by the fact that the backing yarn and loop yarn consist of the same polymer class.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 14, characterised by the fact that all the filaments contained in the loop yarn preferably have a melting point of at least 20 °C above the melting point of filament B of the multi-filament hybrid yarn.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 15, characterised by the fact that at least 20%, and preferably 33 to 100% of the stitches or weft and/or warp fibres incorporate loop yarns.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 16, characterised by the fact that the hybrid yarn is made of polyester and the polyester consists of at least 70 mol.%, in relation to the total of all polyester components, of components derived from aromatic dicarbonic acids and aliphatic diols, and a maximum 30 mol.%, in relation to the total of all polyester components, of dicarbonic acid components, which differ from the aromatic dicarbonic acid components that form the predominant part of dicarbonic acid components, or derive from araliphatic dicarbonic acids with one or more, condensed or non-condensed aromatic cores, or from aliphatic dicarbonic acids with a total of 4 to 12 C atoms, and diol components, derived from branched and/or longer-chained diols with 3 to 10 C atoms, or from cyclical diols, or from diols containing ether groups, or, insofar as in minor quantities only, polyglycol with a mol weight of approx. 500 - 2000.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 18, characterised by the fact that the backing is stabilised by at least partial matrix formation of the filaments of the multi-filament hybrid yarn of the backing.
- Loop pile fabric at least as per one of claims 1 to 20, characterised by the fact that the stability of incorporation of the loop yarn in the backing is higher than its maximum tensile strength.
- Method for producing a loop pile fabric for stabilising by heat treatment from a textile backing made of knitted or woven fabric and loop yarns bonded in this forming hooks, by weaving, interlacing or knitting a woven fabric, interlaced fabric or knit fabric with integral hooks, characterised in that the yarn fed to the weaving loom, weaving machine or knitting machine to form the textile backing surface of the loop pile fabric is at least 30% a multi-filament hybrid yarn, consisting of at least 2 sorts of filaments, A and B, whereby
Filament A
is textured and has a melting point over 180 °C;
Filament B
has a melting point less than 220 °C;
the melting point of filament B is at least 20 °C less than the melting point of filament A, the weight ratio of filament A : B is in the range 20:80 to 80:20,
and a multi-filament yarn with a total titre of 30 to 200 dtex and individual titre of 5 to 25 dtex, and/or mono-filaments with a tire of 20 to 70 dtex are fed to the loom, weaving machine or knitting machine. - Method as per claim 21, characterised by the fact that woven, interlaced or knitted loop fabric thus obtained undergoes a stabilising heat treatment, at a temperature at which the lower melting B filaments of the multi-filament hybrid yarn soften.
- Method as per one of claims 21 and 22 characterised by the fact that the heat treatment is carried out at 100 to 200 °C.
- Method as per one of claims 21 to 23 characterised by the fact that the unprocessed fabric of the woven, interlaced or knitted loop fabric produced is prefixed to the stretcher frame.
- Method as per one of claims 21 to 24 characterised by the fact that up to 40% weight C filaments are used.
- Use of loop pile fabric in claim 1 as a loop surface for cling fastenings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19506038 | 1995-02-22 | ||
DE19506038A DE19506038A1 (en) | 1995-02-22 | 1995-02-22 | Deformable, heat stabilizable textile loop pile fabric |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0728859A1 EP0728859A1 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
EP0728859B1 true EP0728859B1 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
Family
ID=7754675
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96101887A Expired - Lifetime EP0728859B1 (en) | 1995-02-22 | 1996-02-09 | Shapable and heat stabilisable textile loop pile fabric |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5654067A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0728859B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH08280418A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE193566T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9600781A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2170014A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ51996A3 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19506038A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0728859T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2148604T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUP9600382A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL312881A1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT728859E (en) |
TR (1) | TR199600130A2 (en) |
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US20030157323A1 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2003-08-21 | Mikhail Khavkine | Hybrid yarns which include oil seed flax plant bast fiber and other fibers and fabrics made with such yarns |
US8071492B2 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2011-12-06 | Pbi Performance Products, Inc. | Textile fabric for the outer shell of a firefighter's garment |
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DE10255360A1 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-06-17 | Johann Berger | Method of making a woven webbing |
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DE102009032301A1 (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-01-13 | Gottlieb Binder Gmbh & Co. Kg | Fastener part |
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WO2011095994A1 (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-11 | Kannappan Govindaswamy | Method of weaving, processing and finishing a pile fabric |
JP2012036511A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-23 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Flame-retardant fabric and protective clothing using the same |
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-
1995
- 1995-02-22 DE DE19506038A patent/DE19506038A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-02-09 PT PT96101887T patent/PT728859E/en unknown
- 1996-02-09 DE DE59605330T patent/DE59605330D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-09 EP EP96101887A patent/EP0728859B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-09 ES ES96101887T patent/ES2148604T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-09 DK DK96101887T patent/DK0728859T3/en active
- 1996-02-09 AT AT96101887T patent/ATE193566T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-16 TR TR96/00130A patent/TR199600130A2/en unknown
- 1996-02-20 HU HU9600382A patent/HUP9600382A1/en unknown
- 1996-02-21 CA CA002170014A patent/CA2170014A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-02-21 PL PL96312881A patent/PL312881A1/en unknown
- 1996-02-21 BR BR9600781A patent/BR9600781A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-02-21 CZ CZ96519A patent/CZ51996A3/en unknown
- 1996-02-22 JP JP8034711A patent/JPH08280418A/en active Pending
- 1996-02-22 US US08/604,919 patent/US5654067A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HU9600382D0 (en) | 1996-04-29 |
ATE193566T1 (en) | 2000-06-15 |
US5654067A (en) | 1997-08-05 |
DE19506038A1 (en) | 1996-08-29 |
DK0728859T3 (en) | 2000-10-09 |
TR199600130A2 (en) | 1996-10-21 |
PL312881A1 (en) | 1996-09-02 |
JPH08280418A (en) | 1996-10-29 |
ES2148604T3 (en) | 2000-10-16 |
CA2170014A1 (en) | 1996-08-23 |
EP0728859A1 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
PT728859E (en) | 2000-11-30 |
BR9600781A (en) | 1997-12-23 |
HUP9600382A1 (en) | 1997-04-28 |
CZ51996A3 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
DE59605330D1 (en) | 2000-07-06 |
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