EP0728854A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylfasern unter Verwendung eines neuen Spinndüsentyps - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylfasern unter Verwendung eines neuen Spinndüsentyps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0728854A1
EP0728854A1 EP96200179A EP96200179A EP0728854A1 EP 0728854 A1 EP0728854 A1 EP 0728854A1 EP 96200179 A EP96200179 A EP 96200179A EP 96200179 A EP96200179 A EP 96200179A EP 0728854 A1 EP0728854 A1 EP 0728854A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spinnerette
bores
head
protruding portions
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96200179A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Giampaolo Busato
Luigi Signoretti
Raffaele Tedesco
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montefibre SpA
Original Assignee
Montefibre SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Montefibre SpA filed Critical Montefibre SpA
Publication of EP0728854A1 publication Critical patent/EP0728854A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing acrylic fibre from a polymer solution by using the so-said "dry-jet wet spinning".
  • This filament swelling may reach values, expressed as the ratio of the diameter of the extruded filament to the diameter of the capillary bore, which are comprised within the range of from 3 to 4, and may even be higher than that.
  • the limited spinning stretching ability limits the possibility of producing fibres with a lower count than 0.7 dtex even if thin-diameter capillaries are used, e.g., of 35 microns.
  • DJWS spinning which, from a theoretical point of view, makes it possible fibres to be produced with high extrusion rates and with particularly smooth surfaces, suffers from drawbacks.
  • the most important drawback is the swelling undergone by the polymer solution on emerging from spinnerette capillaries, on the spinnerette surface, which may cause the individual filaments to get fused with the filaments exiting the adjacent capillaries, owing to the swelling being no longer limited by the solidification of the coagulated surface.
  • the distance between the spinnerette bores is increased.
  • spinning is unstable owing to the sudden breakage of the filaments.
  • the spinnerette productivity allowed by the DJWS technology is low owing to the small number of bores which can be provided through the spinnerette in order to prevent the filaments from getting fused with one another and the poor spinning stability with consequent frequent spinning interruptions.
  • the present Applicant has now surprisingly overcome these problems and drawbacks by using a dry extrusion/wet coagulation spinning method by using a spinnerette which, while retaining the typical diameter of the customarily used spinnerettes, has a larger extrusion surface area and a larger number of capillary bores.
  • the purpose of the present invention is a process for producing fibres from soluble, spinnable polymers, performed by means of the following operating steps:
  • FIG 1A a plan view is shown which illustrates the bore distribution scheme
  • Figure 1B a cross-sectional view of the spinnerette is shown, in which the protruding portions (1) are given a cone frustum shape
  • Figure 1C a detail (2) of Figure 1B is shown, in which the cone-frustum shaped protruding portions (1) and the bores (3) on their top land are illustrated.
  • the lead-in cone leading to the bores has an opening angle of 45°.
  • the lead-in portion can be given a cylindrical shape.
  • the protruding portions provided on the spinnerette surface can be given, rather than a cone frustum shape as illustrated in Figure 1B, a hemispherical shape (4) as illustrated in the cross-sectional view of Figure 1D.
  • the geometry of the protruding portions can also be still different, e.g., said protruding portions can parallelepipedal or pyramid-frustum shaped.
  • the diameter of the bores can be comprised within the range of from 75 to 600 microns, according to the desired diameter for the extruded filament.
  • the number of bores provided through the spinnerette head is a function of the number of filaments which the thread manufactures wishes to have in the roving and are spaced apart from each other by a distance comprised within the range of from 1 to 4 mm.
  • the bores through the spinnerette heas are not provided at the protruding portions extending from the spinnerette surface, but at the valleys between protruding portions.
  • the polymer is dissolved in a suitable solvent, as dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, or other known solvent means.
  • a suitable solvent as dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, or other known solvent means.
  • the polymer solution is fed (5) to the spinnerette block (6) and is dry-extruded at 35°C through a spinnerette (7) similar to the spinnerette disclosed hereinabove.
  • the spinning stretch ratio V 1 /V 0 defined as the ratio of
  • the conical bundle (8) of filaments of polymer solution is then wet-coagulated by dipping it into a coagulant bath (9).
  • the distance travelled by the filaments through the dry gap before entering the coagulant bath depends on various factors, and, in particular, on the diameter of the individual bores of the spinnerette, the number of filaments, the viscosity of the solution, and so forth. This distance is preferably comprised within the range of from 1 to 4 cm.
  • the coagulant liquid means can be any of the large number of aqueous mixtures of organic solvents known from the prior art.
  • the roving of coagulated filaments (10) is caused to run, and returned, around a metal rod (11) provided at the bottom of the coagulant bath and is then caused to run around a first pair of pulling rollers (12).
  • the filaments roving After being washed with hot demineralized water in order to remove most residual solvent, the filaments roving is submitted to a second stretch step by getting immersed in boiling water and is then caused to run around a second pair of rollers revolving with a peripheral speed V 2 .
  • the ratio of V 2 /V 1 is the preset stretch ratio.
  • the roving After subsequent washing steps to remove all residual solvent, the roving enters a finishing bath to be impregnated with such additives as lubricants, antistatic agents and, if so required, softening agents.
  • the roving is wound around a subsequent pair of heated rollers (which can be either electrically or steam heated) in order to dry the filaments and stabilize the structure thereof.
  • heated rollers which can be either electrically or steam heated
  • the roving leaves this treatment step with a temperature of about 150°C and is then cooled by being caused to run around water-cooled rollers running at the same speed of the preceding rollers.
  • the fibre can be collected on bobbins or, either plain or crimped, inside containers. If so required by the end use the fibre is designed for, the fibre can also be submitted to an autoclave treatment with saturated steam in order to enable the stresses supplied by the stretch to get released, decrease the fibre brittleness and supply the fibre with better dyeing properties.
  • the polymers to be used with the instant invention preferably are polyacrylonitrile and acrylonitrile copolymers.
  • a solution is prepared of 93%/7% acrylonitrile/vinyl acetate copolymer with a specific viscosity of 0.155, with a ratio of solvent:polymer of 75:25 by weight, in such a way that the viscosity of the resulting solution is of 400 poises at 50°C.
  • the solution is extruded in air, at the temperature of 35°C, through a spinnerette installed 1 cm away from the coagulant bath.
  • the spinnerette is provided with 800 protruding portions with cone frustum geometry spaced apart by 1 mm from each other. Through the top land of the protruding portions a same number of bores of 175 microns of diameter are provided.
  • the coagulant bath is constituted by an aqueous solution containing 60% dimethyl acetamide, kept at the temperature of 30°C.
  • the solution is fed to the spinnerette with a flow rate of 145 ml/min.
  • the pulling speed V 1 of the first roller pair is of 20 m/min
  • the speed V 2 of the second roller pair is of 150 m/min.
  • the following stretch ratios are obtained: spinning stretch ratio V 1 /V 0 of 2.75 and boiling water bath stretch ratio V 2 /V 1 of 7.5.
  • the subsequent finishing, drying and collapsing steps take place at the speed of 150 m/min.
  • the roving, collected on a bobbin, has a total count of 232 tex, with the count of each individual filament being of 0.29 tex.
  • Heat-setting of fibre takes place inside an autoclave with saturated steams under 3.3 bars.
  • the filaments When viewed under the microscope, the filaments display a very smooth surface, without streaks and with a kidney-shaped cross section.
  • Example 1 The same spinning solution as used in Example 1 is fed, with the same flow rate, to a traditional spinnerette having the same number of bores of same diameter, positioned at the same distance from a coagulant bath having the same composition and temperature as in Example 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
EP96200179A 1995-02-01 1996-01-31 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylfasern unter Verwendung eines neuen Spinndüsentyps Withdrawn EP0728854A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI950165 1995-02-01
ITMI950165A IT1273481B (it) 1995-02-01 1995-02-01 Processo per la produzione di fibra acrilica che utilizza una testa di filiera di nuovo tipo

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0728854A1 true EP0728854A1 (de) 1996-08-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96200179A Withdrawn EP0728854A1 (de) 1995-02-01 1996-01-31 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylfasern unter Verwendung eines neuen Spinndüsentyps

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0728854A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08260223A (de)
IT (1) IT1273481B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1783251A1 (de) * 2004-06-25 2007-05-09 Toray Industries, Inc. Spinnvorrichtung für das trocken-nass-extrusionsspinnverfahren, umlenkung für faserbündel sowie vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung eines faserbündels

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1672644A (en) * 1925-04-06 1928-06-05 Hoffmann Helmut Nozzle for spinning artificial threads
US2211946A (en) * 1938-05-12 1940-08-20 Du Pont Spinnerette
CH240425A (de) * 1943-05-28 1945-12-31 Vetreria Italiana Balz Metallische Spinndüse zur Erzeugung feiner Fäden aus geschmolzenem Glas.
DE1227606B (de) * 1961-06-13 1966-10-27 Rhodiaceta Spinnduese zum Verspinnen von geschmolzenen Polymeren
US3523150A (en) * 1966-12-12 1970-08-04 Monsanto Co Manufacture of industrial acrylic fibers
JPS5545823A (en) * 1978-09-21 1980-03-31 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Formation of protruded orifice in spinneret
JPS5921709A (ja) * 1982-07-27 1984-02-03 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 高速度湿式紡糸法
GB2153803A (en) * 1983-12-28 1985-08-29 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Preparing inorganic fibres
JPS61282407A (ja) * 1985-06-05 1986-12-12 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 紡糸口金
JPS63120109A (ja) * 1986-11-06 1988-05-24 Teijin Ltd ポリエステルの溶融紡糸方法

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1672644A (en) * 1925-04-06 1928-06-05 Hoffmann Helmut Nozzle for spinning artificial threads
US2211946A (en) * 1938-05-12 1940-08-20 Du Pont Spinnerette
CH240425A (de) * 1943-05-28 1945-12-31 Vetreria Italiana Balz Metallische Spinndüse zur Erzeugung feiner Fäden aus geschmolzenem Glas.
DE1227606B (de) * 1961-06-13 1966-10-27 Rhodiaceta Spinnduese zum Verspinnen von geschmolzenen Polymeren
US3523150A (en) * 1966-12-12 1970-08-04 Monsanto Co Manufacture of industrial acrylic fibers
JPS5545823A (en) * 1978-09-21 1980-03-31 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Formation of protruded orifice in spinneret
JPS5921709A (ja) * 1982-07-27 1984-02-03 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 高速度湿式紡糸法
GB2153803A (en) * 1983-12-28 1985-08-29 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Preparing inorganic fibres
JPS61282407A (ja) * 1985-06-05 1986-12-12 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 紡糸口金
JPS63120109A (ja) * 1986-11-06 1988-05-24 Teijin Ltd ポリエステルの溶融紡糸方法

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 004, no. 081 (C - 014) 11 June 1980 (1980-06-11) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 106 (C - 223) 18 May 1984 (1984-05-18) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 150 (C - 422) 15 May 1987 (1987-05-15) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 372 (C - 533) 5 October 1988 (1988-10-05) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1783251A1 (de) * 2004-06-25 2007-05-09 Toray Industries, Inc. Spinnvorrichtung für das trocken-nass-extrusionsspinnverfahren, umlenkung für faserbündel sowie vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung eines faserbündels
EP1783251A4 (de) * 2004-06-25 2008-12-24 Toray Industries Spinnvorrichtung für das trocken-nass-extrusionsspinnverfahren, umlenkung für faserbündel sowie vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung eines faserbündels
US7887728B2 (en) 2004-06-25 2011-02-15 Toray Industries, Inc. Spinning pack for dry-wet spinning, diverting guide for fiber bundle, and apparatus and method for producing fiber bundle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH08260223A (ja) 1996-10-08
IT1273481B (it) 1997-07-08
ITMI950165A0 (it) 1995-02-01
ITMI950165A1 (it) 1996-08-01

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