EP0718859A1 - Device for the switching of an electric motor, in particular for braking an electric power tool - Google Patents

Device for the switching of an electric motor, in particular for braking an electric power tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0718859A1
EP0718859A1 EP95117175A EP95117175A EP0718859A1 EP 0718859 A1 EP0718859 A1 EP 0718859A1 EP 95117175 A EP95117175 A EP 95117175A EP 95117175 A EP95117175 A EP 95117175A EP 0718859 A1 EP0718859 A1 EP 0718859A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switching
movable contact
electric motor
slide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95117175A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0718859B1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Franz
Peter Krebs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0718859A1 publication Critical patent/EP0718859A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0718859B1 publication Critical patent/EP0718859B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
    • H01H13/28—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using compression or extension of coil springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5833—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals comprising an articulating, sliding or rolling contact between movable contact and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/54—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand the operating part having at least five or an unspecified number of operative positions
    • H01H19/56—Angularly-movable actuating part carrying contacts, e.g. drum switch
    • H01H19/563—Angularly-movable actuating part carrying contacts, e.g. drum switch with an initial separation movement perpendicular to the switching movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/002—Application electric motor braking, e.g. pole reversal of rotor, shorting motor coils, also for field discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for switching an electric motor, in particular for braking an electric tool.
  • the aim of the invention is to create a so-called brake switch for tools operated by an electric motor, the use of a suitable contact arrangement, in particular for switches with housing dimensions according to European standards, to be taken into account.
  • Two toggle switches are required to electrically brake an electric motor.
  • the changeover switches are used to switch the power supply or the power supply on and off, to reverse the polarity of a field or armature winding of the electric motor and to switch an electrical brake circuit on or off.
  • switching off especially when switching off quickly, there has been a disadvantage so far that an arc arises between the two stationary contacts provided for the production of the power supply, which arises from the contact break-off sparks and the switching of the inductors.
  • This arc short-circuits the field winding of the motor, and the current, which is now only limited by the armature winding, rises so much that a backup fuse responds.
  • Critical and therefore in need of improvement is further that an arc with the above-mentioned consequences again arises when switching on again during the braking process between the contacts for the power supply.
  • the invention is intended to provide a device for switching an electrical braking of an electric motor, in particular for power tools, with stable switching positions, in which the risk of arcing, arcing and contact welding is significantly reduced by means of design measures.
  • the invention accordingly provides a device for switching an electric motor, in particular for electrically braking an electric tool, with a changeover switch for switching the power supply for the electric motor on and off, for reversing the polarity of a field or armature winding of the electric motor, and a changeover switch for Switching on and off an electrical brake circuit for the electric motor, an actuating element for the changeover switch, a movable contact provided for each changeover switch, which is movable between a stationary ON contact and an OFF contact spaced far away from it, and with an Device for at least one movable contact through which this can be guided over at least part of its movement path when switching over.
  • the ON and OFF contacts are so far apart from one another with respect to an "arc-safe distance" that the occurrence of arcs and their negative effects during switching are reduced.
  • an increased switchover time is achieved due to the enlarged contact section.
  • the actuator is articulated on both movable contacts.
  • the actuating member is connected to each movable contact via a spring, the arrangement preferably being such that the actuating member is articulated on a rocker arm which is connected to each movable contact via a tension spring.
  • the springs ensure a good contact pressure on the one hand and on the other hand switch the movable contacts when the actuator becomes effective.
  • a pressure spring is provided for each movable contact, whereby it is also particularly advantageous to avoid contact welding if at least one movable contact switches over, if appropriate after a contact friction movement phase, from the corresponding stationary contact to which it was previously applied, against the action of this Pressure spring can be lifted off by means of the guide device.
  • each guide device has a slide guide for the movable contact in a structurally simple manner, which can preferably be limited in each case by a run-on slope to generate a certain torque switching function.
  • the slideway provided which is preferably designed as a sliding rib, advantageously ensures on the one hand that the movable contact can fit perfectly onto the respective stationary contact and that a certain distance is still available for contact friction stands.
  • a pressure point can be generated in a favorable manner by the run-up bevel when switching, which largely enables the critical phase of the contact opening or closing to be quickly exceeded.
  • the movable contact is provided on a pivoting lever, preferably on the side thereof, which is mounted with play, this mounting preferably being designed to be rotatably displaceable and preferably being formed such that the pivoting lever is rotatably mounted in an elongated hole with lateral play is.
  • the swivel lever has a plastic part with a slide rib for the slide guide, at least one guide device being preferably formed on one side of a housing for the changeover switch.
  • a spatially and functionally favorable concept arises in particular when the two changeover switches are arranged symmetrically in a single housing in separate chambers, when the fastening element consists of a slide switch which pivots the movable contacts when the pressure spring or the tension spring of each movable one Contact is supported on the shift lever or the rocker arm, and when the slide switch is mounted in the housing in the region of a wall that separates the two housing chambers with the two-way switches.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of the invention with a housing 10, in which, as can be seen from FIG. 3, the front cover-like housing wall 11 is omitted in order to see into a front housing chamber 12.
  • the housing 10 consists of two closed housing chambers 12 and 13.
  • the housing chambers 12 and 13 have a right common side wall 14, a left common side wall 15, a common lower wall 16 and a common upper wall 17.
  • the walls 14 to 17 are formed in one piece with a partition 18 and consist of a insulating plastic.
  • a changeover switch 19 is accommodated in the front housing chamber 12, and a changeover switch 20 for switching off the power supply for the electric motor is located in the rear housing chamber 13.
  • the changeover switches 19 and 20 are used to switch the power supply on and off, to reverse the polarity of a field or armature winding of the electric motor and to switch an electrical brake circuit on or off and are constructed symmetrically with respect to the partition 18. They are operated together by a slide valve 21 which passes through the upper wall 17 and is guided in the partition wall 18.
  • the shift lever 21 has in the region of its lower end a right-angled protruding arrangement of pins 22 and 23, which are each surrounded by a pressure spring 24 and 25, which is supported by the slide switch 21, the pressure spring 24 a pivot lever 26 of the Changeover switch 20 and the pressure spring 25 acted upon a pivot lever 27 of the changeover switch 19.
  • the changeover switch 19 includes, as can best be seen in connection with FIG. 2, a stationary OFF contact 28 which is guided via a conductor 29 through the side wall 14 to the outside of the housing 10.
  • a stationary ON contact 30 which is connected to an electrical conductor 31, which is also led out of the housing 10 through the side wall 14.
  • a lateral contact 32 which can be brought into contact with either the OFF contact 28 or the ON contact 30 by moving the pivot lever 27.
  • the pivot lever 27 is mounted via a pivot joint 42 with play in an elongated hole 33 of a connecting plate 34 such that the movable contact 32 can also be moved perpendicular to the pivot plane of the pivot lever 27 for a contact lifting and a contact upward movement.
  • the bearing pin 23 is arranged with play in a larger bore 35 of the pivot lever 27.
  • the connection 34 is guided via an electrical line through the wall 15 to the outside of the housing 10.
  • a plastic part 37 is fastened to the swivel lever 27 in a region between the bore 35 and the end-side contact 32, on which a sliding rib 38 pointing perpendicularly to the front wall 11 is formed, which in the position shown in FIG. 2 is on an arc-shaped sliding rib 40 below Effect of the pressure spring 25 rests.
  • the sliding rib 40 is arcuate. 1 and 2 only dashed lines 39 and 41 belonging to the sliding rib 40 are shown, on which the sliding rib 38 from the level of the sliding rib 40 when pivoting the pivot lever 27 to abut the movable contact 32 with the stationary contact 28 or 30 is performed.
  • the bevels 39 and 41 can be designed like a ramp at 45 ° or as a transition curve profile.
  • the operation of the device for switching an electrical braking of an electric motor takes place in a simple manner from the position shown in FIG. 1 by pushing the slide switch 21 into the housing 10 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1. Initially, there is still a laterally shifting contact friction between the contacts 32 and 28 over a certain pivoting range until the sliding rib 38 reaches the run-up slope 39. During a switching movement, the movable contact 32 is quickly raised onto the sliding rib 40 and a reliable contact separation is thus achieved. Upon further pivoting of the pivot lever 27, the sliding rib 38 reaches the run-up slope 41, and the movable contact 32 comes into sliding contact with the stationary contact 30 until the end position is reached, which is dashed in FIG. 1.
  • the changeover switch 20 is constructed symmetrically to the changeover switch 19, but, for functional reasons, has an opposite contact assignment insofar as the stationary contacts are swapped there in terms of function.
  • the device according to the invention can thus advantageously be used to realize large contact openings, rubbing contacts, a simple construction with simple parts and easy assembly.
  • FIG. 4 to 7 is a second embodiment of a device according to the invention with a housing 10 'and a modified slide switch 21' with an integrated button and compression spring.
  • this second exemplary embodiment has identical or similar parts, the same reference numerals as in the first exemplary embodiment, but with an apostrophe, have been used for simplification. To avoid repetitions, only the differences between the second exemplary embodiment and the first exemplary embodiment are described below explained, with corresponding modifications of components have a reference symbol with an apostrophe.
  • the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment essentially in that the changeover switches 19 'and 20' always assume a stable ON or OFF position, while in the case of the changeover switches 19 and 20 of the first embodiment also intermediate positions of the movable contact 32 in addition to the associated pivot lever 27 are possible.
  • the switch slide 21 ' which has an actuating button 50 at its upper end to achieve a reset function and which is supported on the housing 10' via a compression spring 51, is, as can be seen in connection with FIG. 7, in the region of the partition wall 18 'of the housing 10' out. It has a groove-shaped recess 52 for the pivotable mounting of a pin 53, which is integrally formed or attached to a rocker arm 54 on the side.
  • the rocker arm 54 is pivotally mounted at 55 (see also FIG. 7) on the partition 18 'via a lateral pin 56 and can be pivoted between the position shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, its position according to FIG. 4 being the OFF Position and its position according to FIG. 6 is assigned to the ON position of the changeover switches 19 'and 20'.
  • the rocker arm 54 has a front end 57 which is guided laterally against a portion of the partition 18 '.
  • the partition 18 ' is open in the pivoting range of the rocker arm 54.
  • hook-in pins 58 and 59 are formed on both sides for a tension spring 60 and 61, which extend from there obliquely at an angle of approximately 15 ° in the direction of the movable contacts 32 '.
  • the tension springs 60 and 61 are hooked at their other end to a plastic part 62 or 63, each on the pivot lever 27 'for the movable contact 32 'are attached.
  • the springs 60 and 61 on the one hand achieve a desired safe contact pressure in the switching positions due to their line of action and their preload. On the other hand, they serve to switch the movable contacts 32 '. This takes place in such a way that when the slide switch 21 'is pressed in, the movable contact 32' initially remains in its respective switch position until the tension springs 60, 61 are further stretched due to the pivoting of the rocker arm 54 and their direction of action is greater than that of the swivel joint 42 '. directional switching position (dead position) are pivoted out. As a result, a sufficiently large torque is generated which overcomes the contact friction and leads to the movable contact 32 'immediately jumping into the second stable position.
  • two opposing contact tearing ribs 66 are provided on the slide switch 21 ', each at the OFF or ON switching position of the pivoting lever 27' of the movable contact 22 'are spaced apart and only, as shown in FIG. 5, engage the pivoting levers 27' in the region of the center position of the rocker arm 54 in order to tear open the contacts.
  • the plastic part 62 which is designed as a spring-holding and movement-guiding part, has a molded-on pin 67 which is guided during the switching process via a sliding rib 40 ′ which is formed on the rocker arm 54.
  • the sliding rib 40 ' has chamfers 41' and 39 '.
  • the plastic part 63 which is designed as a spring holding and movement guide part, has an inwardly pointing pin 68, which in the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG a wall section 69 is slidably guided.
  • the wall section 69 also serves to guide the slide switch 21 '.
  • a sliding rib 40 ′ for the pin 68 can also be provided on the wall 69 here, in order to provide a movement sequence mirror-symmetrical to the partition 18 for the two pivoting levers 27 ′ in addition to the movable contacts 32 ′.

Abstract

The electric motor switching apparatus includes two alternating switches for switching the current supply to the electric motor on and off, changing the poling of a field winding of the motor and switching a braking circuit for the motor on and off. A moving contact (32') is provided for each alternating switch. The contact can move between a stationary on-contact (30') and an off-contact (28'). A device is provided for at least the moving contact by which the moving contact is guided over part of its path when switching over.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung für das Schalten eines Elektromotors, insbesondere für das Abbremsen eines Elektrowerkzeuges.The invention relates to a device for switching an electric motor, in particular for braking an electric tool.

Bezweckt wird mit der Erfindung die Schaffung eines sogenannten Bremsschalters für elektromotorisch betriebene Werkzeuge, wobei der Einsatz einer passenden Kontaktanordnung, insbesondere für Schalter mit Gehäuseabmessungen nach Europanorm berücksichtigt werden soll.The aim of the invention is to create a so-called brake switch for tools operated by an electric motor, the use of a suitable contact arrangement, in particular for switches with housing dimensions according to European standards, to be taken into account.

Für das elektrische Abbremsen eines Elektromotors benötigt man zwei Wechselschalter. Die Wechselschalter dienen dazu, das Stromnetz bzw. die Stromversorgung an- und abzuschalten, eine Feld- oder Ankerwicklung des Elektromotors umzupolen und einen elektrischen Bremskreis zu- oder abzuschalten. Bei dem Ausschalten, insbesondere bei einem schnellen Ausschalten, kommt es in nachteiliger Weise bisher dazu, daß zwischen den beiden für die Herstellung der Stromversorgung vorgesehenen stationären Kontakten in unerwünschter Weise ein Lichtbogen entsteht, der aus den Kontaktabreißfunken und dem Umschalten der Induktivitäten resultiert. Dieser Lichtbogen schließt die Feldwicklung des Motors kurz, und der Strom, der nun nur noch durch die Ankerwicklung begrenzt wird, steigt so stark an, daß eine Vorsicherung anspricht. Kritisch und deshalb verbesserungsbedürftig ist weiterhin, daß beim Wiedereinschalten während des Bremsvorgangs zwischen den Kontakten für die Stromversorgung wiederum ein Lichtbogen mit den zuvor genannten Folgen entsteht.Two toggle switches are required to electrically brake an electric motor. The changeover switches are used to switch the power supply or the power supply on and off, to reverse the polarity of a field or armature winding of the electric motor and to switch an electrical brake circuit on or off. When switching off, especially when switching off quickly, there has been a disadvantage so far that an arc arises between the two stationary contacts provided for the production of the power supply, which arises from the contact break-off sparks and the switching of the inductors. This arc short-circuits the field winding of the motor, and the current, which is now only limited by the armature winding, rises so much that a backup fuse responds. Critical and therefore in need of improvement is further that an arc with the above-mentioned consequences again arises when switching on again during the braking process between the contacts for the power supply.

Für die Vornahme der elektrischen Abbremsung gibt es bisher Schalter, die entweder zwei Kontaktbrücken mit Doppelunterbrechung oder zwei Kippkontakte aufweisen. Bei diesen ist funktionsbedingt der Kontaktabstand zu gering, so daß es zu Überschlägen und zusätzlich zu Kontaktverschweißungen kommt. Die Bildung von Überschlägen wird zudem durch ein zu schnelles Umschalten gefördert.Up to now there have been switches for performing the electrical braking which have either two contact bridges with double interruption or two toggle contacts. With these, the contact distance is too small due to their function, so that rollovers and contact welding occur. The formation of rollovers is also promoted by switching too quickly.

Mit der Erfindung soll eine Vorrichtung für das Schalten einer elektrischen Abbremsung eines Elektromotors, insbesondere für Elektrowerkzeuge, mit stabilen Schaltstellungen geschaffen werden, bei der durch konstruktive Maßnahmen die Gefahr des Entstehens von Überschlägen, Lichtbögen sowie einer Kontaktverschweißung deutlich verringert ist.The invention is intended to provide a device for switching an electrical braking of an electric motor, in particular for power tools, with stable switching positions, in which the risk of arcing, arcing and contact welding is significantly reduced by means of design measures.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch die im Patentanspruch 1 genannten Merkmale erreicht. Bevorzugte Merkmale, die die Erfindung vorteilhaft weiterbilden, sind den nachgeordneten Patentansprüchen zu entnehmen.According to the invention this is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1. Preferred features which advantageously further develop the invention can be found in the subordinate claims.

In vorteilhafter Weise schafft die Erfindung demgemäß eine Vorrichtung für das Schalten eines Elektromotors, insbesondere für das elektrische Abbremsen eines Elektrowerkzeuges, mit einem Wechselschalter zum An- und Abschalten der Stromversorgung für den Elektromotor, zum Umpolen einer Feld- oder Ankerwicklung des Elektromotors, einem Wechselschalter zum Zu- und Abschalten eines elektrischen Bremskreises für den Elektromotor, einem Betätigungsorgan für die Wechselschalter, einem für jeden Wechselschalter vorgesehenen beweglichen Kontakt, der zwischen einem stationären EIN-Kontakt und einem von diesem weit in lichtbogensicherer Entfernung beabstandeten AUS-Kontakt bewegbar ist, und mit einer Einrichtung für wenigstens einen beweglichen Kontakt durch die dieser beim Umschalten wenigstens über einen Teil seiner Bewegungsbahn führbar ist.Advantageously, the invention accordingly provides a device for switching an electric motor, in particular for electrically braking an electric tool, with a changeover switch for switching the power supply for the electric motor on and off, for reversing the polarity of a field or armature winding of the electric motor, and a changeover switch for Switching on and off an electrical brake circuit for the electric motor, an actuating element for the changeover switch, a movable contact provided for each changeover switch, which is movable between a stationary ON contact and an OFF contact spaced far away from it, and with an Device for at least one movable contact through which this can be guided over at least part of its movement path when switching over.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Konzeption sind die EIN- und AUS-Kontakte im Hinblick auf eine "lichtbogensichere Entfernung" soweit voneinander beabstandet, daß das Entstehen von Lichtbögen und deren negative Auswirkungen beim Schalten vermindert ist. Außerdem wird eine vergrößerte Umschaltzeit aufgrund des vergrößerten Kontaktabschnittes erreicht.In the design according to the invention, the ON and OFF contacts are so far apart from one another with respect to an "arc-safe distance" that the occurrence of arcs and their negative effects during switching are reduced. In addition, an increased switchover time is achieved due to the enlarged contact section.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausbildungsform der Erfindung ist das Betätigungsorgan an beide beweglichen Kontakte angelenkt. Gemäß einer ersten Alternative ist dabei das Betätigungsorgan mit jedem beweglichen Kontakt über eine Feder verbunden, wobei die Anordnung vorzugsweise so getroffen ist, daß das Betätigungsorgan an einem Kipphebel angelenkt ist, der mit jedem beweglichen Kontakt über eine Zugfeder verbunden ist. Dabei gewährleisten die Federn in günstiger Weise einerseits einen guten Kontaktdruck und schalten andererseits die beweglichen Kontakte, wenn das Betätigungsorgan wirksam wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuator is articulated on both movable contacts. According to a first alternative, the actuating member is connected to each movable contact via a spring, the arrangement preferably being such that the actuating member is articulated on a rocker arm which is connected to each movable contact via a tension spring. The springs ensure a good contact pressure on the one hand and on the other hand switch the movable contacts when the actuator becomes effective.

Alternativ ist für jeden beweglichen Kontakt eine Andruckfeder vorgesehen, wobei es auch zur Vermeidung einer Kontaktverschweißung besonders günstig ist, wenn wenigstens ein beweglicher Kontakt beim Umschalten, gegebenenfalls nach einer Kontaktreibungsbewegungsphase, von dem entsprechenden stationären Kontakt, an dem er zuvor anlag, gegen die Wirkung dieser Andruckfeder mittels der Führungseinrichtung abhebbar ist.Alternatively, a pressure spring is provided for each movable contact, whereby it is also particularly advantageous to avoid contact welding if at least one movable contact switches over, if appropriate after a contact friction movement phase, from the corresponding stationary contact to which it was previously applied, against the action of this Pressure spring can be lifted off by means of the guide device.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung weist jede Führungseinrichtung in konstruktiv einfacher Weise eine Gleitführung für den beweglichen Kontakt auf, welche bevorzugt jeweils von einer Anlaufschräge zur Erzeugung einer gewissen Momentschaltfunktion begrenzt sein kann. Die vorgesehene Gleitführung, welche vorzugsweise als Gleitrippe ausgebildet ist, sorgt vorteilhaft einerseits dafür, daß der bewegliche Kontakt auf den jeweiligen stationären Kontakt einwandfrei aufsetzen kann und noch eine bestimmte Strecke zur Kontaktreibung zur Verfügung steht. Andererseits kann in günstiger Weise durch die Anlaufschräge beim Umschalten ein Druckpunkt erzeugt werden, der es weitgehend ermöglicht, die kritische Phase der Kontaktöffnung oder -schließung schnell zu überschreiten.According to a preferred embodiment, each guide device has a slide guide for the movable contact in a structurally simple manner, which can preferably be limited in each case by a run-on slope to generate a certain torque switching function. The slideway provided, which is preferably designed as a sliding rib, advantageously ensures on the one hand that the movable contact can fit perfectly onto the respective stationary contact and that a certain distance is still available for contact friction stands. On the other hand, a pressure point can be generated in a favorable manner by the run-up bevel when switching, which largely enables the critical phase of the contact opening or closing to be quickly exceeded.

Der bewegliche Kontakt ist nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung an einem Schwenkhebel, bevorzugt seitlich an diesen, vorgesehen, der mit Spiel gelagert ist, wobei diese Lagerung vorzugsweise drehverschiebbar gestaltet und vorzugsweise dadurch gebildet ist, daß der Schwenkhebel in ein Langloch mit seitlichem Spiel drehbar gelagert ist. Hierdurch läßt sich die Schaltkinematik außerordentlich einfach und mit wenigen Teilen sicher und zuverlässig ausbilden.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the movable contact is provided on a pivoting lever, preferably on the side thereof, which is mounted with play, this mounting preferably being designed to be rotatably displaceable and preferably being formed such that the pivoting lever is rotatably mounted in an elongated hole with lateral play is. As a result, the switching kinematics can be designed extremely easily and with few parts safely and reliably.

Der Schwenkhebel besitzt nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ein Kunststoffteil mit einer Gleitrippe für die Gleitführung, wobei wenigstens eine Führungseinrichtung vorzugsweise an einer Seite eines Gehäuses für den Wechselschalter gebildet ist.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the swivel lever has a plastic part with a slide rib for the slide guide, at least one guide device being preferably formed on one side of a housing for the changeover switch.

Alternativ ist bei der Ausgestaltung mit einem Kipphebel vorgesehen, daß an dem Kipphebel wenigstens eine Gleitführung für den beweglichen Kontakt gebildet ist.Alternatively, it is provided in the embodiment with a rocker arm that at least one slide guide for the movable contact is formed on the rocker arm.

Eine räumliche und funktionell günstige Konzeption ergibt sich insbesondere dann, wenn die beiden Wechselschalter in einem einzigen Gehäuse in separaten Kammern symmetrisch angeordnet sind, wenn das Befestigungsorgan aus einem Schaltschieber besteht, der die beweglichen Kontakte verschwenkt, wenn sich die Andruckfeder bzw. die Zugfeder jedes beweglichen Kontaktes an dem Schalthebel bzw. dem Kipphebel abstützt, und wenn der Schaltschieber in dem Gehäuse im Bereich einer Wand gelagert ist, die die beiden Gehäusekammern mit den Wechselschaltern trennt.A spatially and functionally favorable concept arises in particular when the two changeover switches are arranged symmetrically in a single housing in separate chambers, when the fastening element consists of a slide switch which pivots the movable contacts when the pressure spring or the tension spring of each movable one Contact is supported on the shift lever or the rocker arm, and when the slide switch is mounted in the housing in the region of a wall that separates the two housing chambers with the two-way switches.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung sind dem anschließenden Beschreibungsteil zu entnehmen, in dem ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert wird. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine teilschematisierte Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einer Stellung, in der die elektrische Stromversorgung für einen Elektromotor ausgeschaltet ist;
Fig. 2
eine Darstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Mittelstellung des beweglichen Kontaktes;
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie III-III in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4
eine teilschematisierte Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einer Stellung, in der die elektrische Stromversorgung für einen Elektromotor ausgeschaltet ist;
Fig. 5
eine Darstellung der Vorrichtung von Fig. 4 in einer mittleren Stellung des Kipphebels;
Fig. 6
eine Darstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 in einer Stellung, in der die elektrische Stromversorgung für einen Elektromotor eingeschaltet ist; und
Fig. 7
einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie VII-VII in Fig. 6, wobei der bewegliche Kontakt und der Kipphebel in ihrer Mittelstellung dargestellt sind.
Further details, features and advantages of the invention can be found in the subsequent description part, in which an embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a partially schematic representation of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention in a position in which the electrical power supply for an electric motor is switched off;
Fig. 2
a representation of the device of Figure 1 in a central position of the movable contact.
Fig. 3
a section along the section line III-III in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4
a partially schematic representation of a second embodiment of a device according to the invention in a position in which the electrical power supply for an electric motor is switched off;
Fig. 5
an illustration of the device of Figure 4 in a middle position of the rocker arm.
Fig. 6
an illustration of the device of Figure 4 in a position in which the electrical power supply for an electric motor is turned on. and
Fig. 7
a section along the section line VII-VII in Fig. 6, wherein the movable contact and the rocker arm are shown in their central position.

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer Prinzipdarstellung ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit einem Gehäuse 10, bei dem, wie aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich, die vordere deckelartige Gehäusewand 11 weggelassen ist, um in eine vordere Gehäusekammer 12 zu sehen. Das Gehäuse 10 besteht, wie auch in diesem Zusammenhang mit Fig. 3 ersichtlich, aus zwei geschlossenen Gehäusekammern 12 und 13.1 shows a basic illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of the invention with a housing 10, in which, as can be seen from FIG. 3, the front cover-like housing wall 11 is omitted in order to see into a front housing chamber 12. As can also be seen in this connection with FIG. 3, the housing 10 consists of two closed housing chambers 12 and 13.

Die Gehäusekammern 12 und 13 besitzen gemäß Fig. 1 eine rechte gemeinsame Seitenwand 14, eine linke gemeinsame Seitenwand 15, eine gemeinsame untere Wand 16 sowie eine gemeinsame obere Wand 17. Die Wände 14 bis 17 sind einstückig mit einer Trennwand 18 gebildet und bestehen aus einem isolierenden Kunststoff.1, the housing chambers 12 and 13 have a right common side wall 14, a left common side wall 15, a common lower wall 16 and a common upper wall 17. The walls 14 to 17 are formed in one piece with a partition 18 and consist of a insulating plastic.

In der vorderen Gehäusekammer 12 ist ein Wechselschalter 19 untergebracht, in der hinteren Gehäusekammer 13 befindet sich ein Wechselschalter 20 zum Abschalten der Stromversorgung für den Elektromotor. Die Wechselschalter 19 und 20 dienen zum An- und Abschalten der Stromversorgung, zum Umpolen einer Feld- oder Ankerwicklung des Elektromotors und zum Zu- oder Abschalten eines elektrischen Bremskreises und sind symmetrisch bezüglich der Trennwand 18 aufgebaut. Sie werden gemeinsam durch einen Schaltschieber 21 betätigt, der die obere Wand 17 durchsetzt und in der Trennwand 18 geführt ist. Der Schalthebel 21 besitzt im Bereich seines unteren Endes eine zu beiden Seiten rechtwinklig vorstehende Anordnung aus Zapfen 22 und 23, die jeweils von einer Andruckfeder 24 bzw. 25 umgeben sind, welche sich von dem Schaltschieber 21 abstützt, wobei die Andruckfeder 24 einen Schwenkhebel 26 des Wechselschalters 20 und die Andruckfeder 25 einen Schwenkhebel 27 des Wechselschalters 19 beaufschlagt.A changeover switch 19 is accommodated in the front housing chamber 12, and a changeover switch 20 for switching off the power supply for the electric motor is located in the rear housing chamber 13. The changeover switches 19 and 20 are used to switch the power supply on and off, to reverse the polarity of a field or armature winding of the electric motor and to switch an electrical brake circuit on or off and are constructed symmetrically with respect to the partition 18. They are operated together by a slide valve 21 which passes through the upper wall 17 and is guided in the partition wall 18. The shift lever 21 has in the region of its lower end a right-angled protruding arrangement of pins 22 and 23, which are each surrounded by a pressure spring 24 and 25, which is supported by the slide switch 21, the pressure spring 24 a pivot lever 26 of the Changeover switch 20 and the pressure spring 25 acted upon a pivot lever 27 of the changeover switch 19.

Zu dem Wechselschalter 19 gehören, wie am besten in Zusammenhang mit Fig. 2 ersichtlich, ein stationärer AUS-Kontakt 28, der über einen Leiter 29 durch die Seitenwand 14 zu der Außenseite des Gehäuses 10 geführt ist. Im Bereich der Bodenwand 16 befindet sich ein stationärer EIN-Kontakt 30, der mit einem elektrischen Leiter 31 verbunden ist, welcher ebenfalls durch die Seitenwand 14 aus dem Gehäuse 10 herausgeführt ist. An dem freien Ende des Schwenkhebels 27 befindet sich ein seitlicher Kontakt 32, der durch Bewegen des Schwenkhebels 27 entweder mit dem AUS-Kontakt 28 oder mit dem EIN-Kontakt 30 zur Anlage gebracht werden kann. Der Schwenkhebel 27 ist über ein spielbehaftetes Drehgelenk 42 in einem Langloch 33 eines Anschlußblechs 34 derart gelagert, daß der bewegbare Kontakt 32 auch senkrecht zur Schwenkebene des Schwenkhebels 27 für eine Kontaktabhebe- und eine Kontaktaufwärtsbewegung bewegbar ist. Demgemäß ist auch der Lagerzapfen 23 mit Spiel in einer größeren Bohrung 35 des Schwenkhebels 27 angeordnet. Der Anschluß 34 ist über eine elektrische Leitung durch die Wand 15 zur Außenseite des Gehäuses 10 geführt.The changeover switch 19 includes, as can best be seen in connection with FIG. 2, a stationary OFF contact 28 which is guided via a conductor 29 through the side wall 14 to the outside of the housing 10. In the area of the bottom wall 16 there is a stationary ON contact 30, which is connected to an electrical conductor 31, which is also led out of the housing 10 through the side wall 14. At the free end of the pivot lever 27 there is a lateral contact 32 which can be brought into contact with either the OFF contact 28 or the ON contact 30 by moving the pivot lever 27. The pivot lever 27 is mounted via a pivot joint 42 with play in an elongated hole 33 of a connecting plate 34 such that the movable contact 32 can also be moved perpendicular to the pivot plane of the pivot lever 27 for a contact lifting and a contact upward movement. Accordingly, the bearing pin 23 is arranged with play in a larger bore 35 of the pivot lever 27. The connection 34 is guided via an electrical line through the wall 15 to the outside of the housing 10.

An dem Schwenkhebel 27 ist in einem Bereich zwischen der Bohrung 35 und dem endseitigen Kontakt 32 ein Kunststoffteil 37 befestigt, an dem senkrecht eine zur Vorderwand 11 weisende Gleitrippe 38 angeformt ist, welche in der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Stellung auf einer bogenförmigen Gleitrippe 40 unter Wirkung der Andruckfeder 25 ruht. Die Gleitrippe 40 ist bogenförmig ausgebildet. In den Fig. 1 und 2 sind nur gestrichelt zu der Gleitrippe 40 gehörende Anlaufschrägen 39 und 41 gezeigt, auf denen die in Gleitrippe 38 von dem Niveau der Gleitrippe 40 beim Verschwenken des Schwenkhebels 27 zur Anlage des bewegbaren Kontaktes 32 mit dem stationären Kontakt 28 bzw. 30 geführt wird. Die Schrägen 39 bzw. 41 können rampenähnlich unter 45° oder als Übergangskurvenprofil ausgebildet sein.A plastic part 37 is fastened to the swivel lever 27 in a region between the bore 35 and the end-side contact 32, on which a sliding rib 38 pointing perpendicularly to the front wall 11 is formed, which in the position shown in FIG. 2 is on an arc-shaped sliding rib 40 below Effect of the pressure spring 25 rests. The sliding rib 40 is arcuate. 1 and 2 only dashed lines 39 and 41 belonging to the sliding rib 40 are shown, on which the sliding rib 38 from the level of the sliding rib 40 when pivoting the pivot lever 27 to abut the movable contact 32 with the stationary contact 28 or 30 is performed. The bevels 39 and 41 can be designed like a ramp at 45 ° or as a transition curve profile.

Die Wirkungsweise der Vorrichtung für das Schalten einer elektrischen Abbremsung eines Elektromotors erfolgt in einfacher Weise aus der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Stellung, indem der Schaltschieber 21 in der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Pfeilrichtung in das Gehäuse 10 eingeschoben wird. Dabei erfolgt zunächst über einen bestimmten Schwenkbereich noch eine seitlich verschiebende Kontaktreibung zwischen den Kontakten 32 und 28, bis die Gleitrippe 38 die Anlaufschräge 39 erreicht. Bei einer Schaltbewegung wird der bewegbare Kontakt 32 schnell auf die Gleitrippe 40 angehoben und damit eine sichere Kontakttrennung erreicht. Bei dem weiteren Verschwenken des Schwenkhebels 27 erreicht die Gleitrippe 38 die Anlaufschräge 41, und der bewegbare Kontakt 32 gelangt in gleitende Anlage an dem stationären Kontakt 30, bis die Endposition erreicht ist, die in Fig. 1 gestrichelt ist.The operation of the device for switching an electrical braking of an electric motor takes place in a simple manner from the position shown in FIG. 1 by pushing the slide switch 21 into the housing 10 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1. Initially, there is still a laterally shifting contact friction between the contacts 32 and 28 over a certain pivoting range until the sliding rib 38 reaches the run-up slope 39. During a switching movement, the movable contact 32 is quickly raised onto the sliding rib 40 and a reliable contact separation is thus achieved. Upon further pivoting of the pivot lever 27, the sliding rib 38 reaches the run-up slope 41, and the movable contact 32 comes into sliding contact with the stationary contact 30 until the end position is reached, which is dashed in FIG. 1.

Der Wechselschalter 20 ist zwar symmetrisch zu dem Wechselschalter 19 aufgebaut, besitzt jedoch aus funktionellen Gründen eine entgegensetzte Kontaktbelegung insoweit, als dort die stationären Kontakte funktionsgemäß vertauscht sind.The changeover switch 20 is constructed symmetrically to the changeover switch 19, but, for functional reasons, has an opposite contact assignment insofar as the stationary contacts are swapped there in terms of function.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung können somit vorteilhaft große Kontaktöffnungen, reibende Kontakte, ein einfach herstellbarer Aufbau mit einfachen Teilen sowie eine leichte Montage realisiert werden.The device according to the invention can thus advantageously be used to realize large contact openings, rubbing contacts, a simple construction with simple parts and easy assembly.

In den Fig. 4 bis 7 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einem Gehäuse 10' und einem modifizierten Schaltschieber 21' mit integriertem Knopf und Druckfeder. Soweit dieses zweite Ausführungsbeispiel identische oder ähnliche Teile aufweist, wurden zur Vereinfachung dieselben Bezugszeichen wie bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, jedoch mit Apostroph, verwendet. Zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen werden nachfolgend nur Unterschiede des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels gegenüber dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert, wobei entsprechende Modifizierungen von Bauteilen ein Bezugszeichen mit Apostroph tragen.4 to 7 is a second embodiment of a device according to the invention with a housing 10 'and a modified slide switch 21' with an integrated button and compression spring. Insofar as this second exemplary embodiment has identical or similar parts, the same reference numerals as in the first exemplary embodiment, but with an apostrophe, have been used for simplification. To avoid repetitions, only the differences between the second exemplary embodiment and the first exemplary embodiment are described below explained, with corresponding modifications of components have a reference symbol with an apostrophe.

Das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich von dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel im wesentlichen dadurch, daß die Wechselschalter 19' und 20' stets eine stabile EIN- oder AUS-Stellung einnehmen, während bei den Wechselschaltern 19 und 20 des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels auch Zwischenstellungen des beweglichen Kontaktes 32 nebst des zugehörigen Schwenkhebels 27 möglich sind.The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment essentially in that the changeover switches 19 'and 20' always assume a stable ON or OFF position, while in the case of the changeover switches 19 and 20 of the first embodiment also intermediate positions of the movable contact 32 in addition to the associated pivot lever 27 are possible.

Der Schaltschieber 21', der zur Erzielung einer Rückstellfunktion an seinem oberen Ende einen Betätigungsknopf 50 besitzt, welcher sich über eine Druckfeder 51 an dem Gehäuse 10' abstützt, ist, wie im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 7 zu entnehmen ist, im Bereich der Trennwand 18' des Gehäuses 10' geführt. Er besitzt eine nutförmige Ausnehmung 52 für die schwenkbare Lagerung eines Zapfens 53, der seitlich an einem Kipphebel 54 angeformt oder befestigt ist. Der Kipphebel 54 ist bei 55 (siehe auch Fig. 7) schwenkbar an der Trennwand 18' über einen seitlichen Zapfen 56 gelagert und zwischen der in Fig. 4 und der Fig. 6 gezeigten Stellung verschwenkbar, wobei seine Lage gemäß Fig. 4 der AUS-Stellung und seine Lage gemäß Fig. 6 der EIN-Stellung der Wechselschalter 19' und 20' zugeordnet ist.The switch slide 21 ', which has an actuating button 50 at its upper end to achieve a reset function and which is supported on the housing 10' via a compression spring 51, is, as can be seen in connection with FIG. 7, in the region of the partition wall 18 'of the housing 10' out. It has a groove-shaped recess 52 for the pivotable mounting of a pin 53, which is integrally formed or attached to a rocker arm 54 on the side. The rocker arm 54 is pivotally mounted at 55 (see also FIG. 7) on the partition 18 'via a lateral pin 56 and can be pivoted between the position shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, its position according to FIG. 4 being the OFF Position and its position according to FIG. 6 is assigned to the ON position of the changeover switches 19 'and 20'.

Der Kipphebel 54 besitzt ein vorderes Ende 57, das seitlich an einem Abschnitt der Trennwand 18' geführt anliegt. Die Trennwand 18' ist im Schwenkbereich des Kipphebels 54 offen. Im Bereich des vorderen Endes 57 des Kipphebels 54 sind an beiden Seiten Einhängezapfen 58 und 59 für eine Zugfeder 60 bzw. 61 angeformt, die sich von dort schräg unter einem Winkel von etwa 15° in Richtung auf die beweglichen Kontakte 32' nach außen erstrecken. Die Zugfedern 60 und 61 sind mit ihrem anderen Ende an einem Kunststoffteil 62 bzw. 63 eingehängt, die jeweils an dem Schwenkhebel 27' für den beweglichen Kontakt 32' befestigt sind. Durch die Federn 60 und 61 wird einerseits aufgrund ihrer Wirkungslinie und ihrer Vorspannung ein gewünschter sicherer Kontaktdruck in den Schaltstellungen erreicht. Andererseits dienen sie dazu, die beweglichen Kontakte 32' zu schalten. Dies erfolgt in der Weise, daß beim Eindrücken des Schaltschiebers 21' der bewegliche Kontakt 32' zunächst solange in seiner jeweiligen Schaltstellung bleibt, bis die Zugfedern 60, 61 aufgrund der Verschwenkung des Kipphebels 54 weiter gedehnt und in ihrer Wirkungsrichtung über die zum Schwenkgelenk 42' gerichtete Schaltstellung (Totlage) hinaus verschwenkt sind. Hierdurch wird ein genügend großes Drehmoment erzeugt, welches die Kontaktreibung überwindet und dazu führt, daß der bewegliche Kontakt 32' sofort in die zweite stabile Stellung springt. Für den Fall, daß durch Verschweißen oder Verkleben der Kontakte, die vorgesehene Federkraft nicht ausreicht, sind an dem Schaltschieber 21' zwei einander gegenüberliegende Kontaktaufreißrippen 66 vorgesehen, die jeweils an der AUS- bzw. EIN-Schaltstellung von dem Schwenkhebel 27' des beweglichen Kontaktes 22' beabstandet sind und erst, wie in Fig. 5 gezeigt, im Bereich der Mittelstellung des Kipphebels 54 an die Schwenkhebel 27' zum Aufreißen der Kontakte angreifen.The rocker arm 54 has a front end 57 which is guided laterally against a portion of the partition 18 '. The partition 18 'is open in the pivoting range of the rocker arm 54. In the area of the front end 57 of the rocker arm 54, hook-in pins 58 and 59 are formed on both sides for a tension spring 60 and 61, which extend from there obliquely at an angle of approximately 15 ° in the direction of the movable contacts 32 '. The tension springs 60 and 61 are hooked at their other end to a plastic part 62 or 63, each on the pivot lever 27 'for the movable contact 32 'are attached. The springs 60 and 61 on the one hand achieve a desired safe contact pressure in the switching positions due to their line of action and their preload. On the other hand, they serve to switch the movable contacts 32 '. This takes place in such a way that when the slide switch 21 'is pressed in, the movable contact 32' initially remains in its respective switch position until the tension springs 60, 61 are further stretched due to the pivoting of the rocker arm 54 and their direction of action is greater than that of the swivel joint 42 '. directional switching position (dead position) are pivoted out. As a result, a sufficiently large torque is generated which overcomes the contact friction and leads to the movable contact 32 'immediately jumping into the second stable position. In the event that the intended spring force is not sufficient by welding or gluing the contacts, two opposing contact tearing ribs 66 are provided on the slide switch 21 ', each at the OFF or ON switching position of the pivoting lever 27' of the movable contact 22 'are spaced apart and only, as shown in FIG. 5, engage the pivoting levers 27' in the region of the center position of the rocker arm 54 in order to tear open the contacts.

Das als Federhalte- und Bewegungsführungsteil ausgebildete Kunststoffteil 62 besitzt einen angeformten Zapfen 67, der während des Umschaltvorgangs über eine Gleitrippe 40' geführt wird, der am Kipphebel 54 gebildet ist. Die Gleitrippe 40' besitzt ebenso wie die Gleitrippe 40 des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels Anlaufschrägen 41' und 39'. Zu ihrer Wirkungsweise wird auf die obigen Ausführungen verwiesen.The plastic part 62, which is designed as a spring-holding and movement-guiding part, has a molded-on pin 67 which is guided during the switching process via a sliding rib 40 ′ which is formed on the rocker arm 54. Like the sliding rib 40 of the first exemplary embodiment, the sliding rib 40 'has chamfers 41' and 39 '. For their mode of operation, reference is made to the above explanations.

Das als Federhalte- und Bewegungsführungsteil ausgebildete Kunststoffteil 63 besitzt einen nach innen weisenden Zapfen 68, der bei dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 7 auf einem Wandabschnitt 69 gleitend geführt ist. Der Wandabschnitt 69 dient gleichzeitig zur Führung des Schaltschiebers 21'. Alternativ kann auch hier an der Wand 69 eine Gleitrippe 40' für den Zapfen 68 vorgesehen sein, um für beide Schwenkhebel 27' nebst den beweglichen Kontakten 32' einen zur Trennwand 18 spiegelsymmetrischen Bewegungsablauf beim Umschalten vorzusehen.The plastic part 63, which is designed as a spring holding and movement guide part, has an inwardly pointing pin 68, which in the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG a wall section 69 is slidably guided. The wall section 69 also serves to guide the slide switch 21 '. Alternatively, a sliding rib 40 ′ for the pin 68 can also be provided on the wall 69 here, in order to provide a movement sequence mirror-symmetrical to the partition 18 for the two pivoting levers 27 ′ in addition to the movable contacts 32 ′.

Claims (17)

Vorrichtung für das Schalten eines Elektromotors, insbesondere zum elektrischen Abbremsen eines Elektrowerkzeuges, mit
zwei Wechselschaltern (19, 19', 20, 20') zum An- und Abschalten der Stromversorgung für den Elektromotor, zum Umpolen einer Feld- oder Ankerwicklung des Elektromotors und zum Zu- und Abschalten eines elektrischen Bremskreises für den Elektromotor;
einem Betätigungsorgan (21, 21') für die Wechselschalter (19, 19', 20, 20');
einem für jeden Wechselschalter (19, 19', 20, 20') vorgesehenen beweglichen Kontakt (32, 32'), der zwischen einem stationären EIN-Kontakt (30, 30') und einem von diesen weit in lichtbogensicherer Entfernung beabstandeten AUS-Kontakt (28, 28') bewegbar ist; und mit
einer Einrichtung (40, 40') für wenigstens einen beweglichen Kontakt (32, 32'), durch die dieser beim Umschalten wenigstens über einen Teil seiner Bewegungsbahn führbar ist.Device for switching an electric motor, in particular for electrically braking an electric tool, with
two change-over switches (19, 19 ', 20, 20') for switching the power supply for the electric motor on and off, for reversing the polarity of a field or armature winding of the electric motor and for switching on and off an electrical brake circuit for the electric motor;
an actuator (21, 21 ') for the changeover switches (19, 19', 20, 20 ');
a movable contact (32, 32 ') provided for each changeover switch (19, 19', 20, 20 '), which is between a stationary ON contact (30, 30') and an OFF contact spaced far away from them with respect to arcs (28, 28 ') is movable; and with
a device (40, 40 ') for at least one movable contact (32, 32'), by means of which this can be guided over at least part of its movement path when switching over. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betätigungsorgan (21, 21') an beide bewegliche Kontakte (22, 32') angelenkt ist.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating member (21, 21 ') is articulated on both movable contacts (22, 32'). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betätigungsorgan (21, 21') mit jedem beweglichen Kontakt (32, 32') über eine Feder (24, 25, 60, 61) verbunden ist.Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuating member (21, 21 ') is connected to each movable contact (32, 32') via a spring (24, 25, 60, 61). Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betätigungsorgan (21') an einem Kipphebel (54) angelenkt ist, der mit jedem beweglichen Kontakt (32') über eine Zugfeder (60, 61) verbunden ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating member (21 ') is articulated on a rocker arm (54) which is connected to each movable contact (32') via a tension spring (60, 61). Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens ein beweglicher Kontakt (32) beim Umschalten nach einer Kontaktreibungs-Bewegungsphase von dem entsprechenden stationären Kontakt (28, 30), an dem er zuvor anlag, gegen die Wirkung einer Andruckfeder (24, 25) mittels der Führungseinrichtung (40) abhebbar ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one movable contact (32) when switching over after a contact friction movement phase from the corresponding stationary contact (28, 30) on which it previously touched, against the action of a pressure spring (24, 25) can be lifted off by means of the guide device (40). Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Führungseinrichtung eine Gleitführung (40, 40') für den beweglichen Kontakt (32, 32') aufweist, die von Anlaufschrägen (39, 39', 41, 41') begrenzt ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each guide device has a sliding guide (40, 40 ') for the movable contact (32, 32'), which is delimited by bevels (39, 39 ', 41, 41'). Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder bewegliche Kontakt (32, 32') seitlich an einem Schwenkhebel (27, 27') vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each movable contact (32, 32 ') is provided laterally on a pivot lever (27, 27'). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schwenkhebel (27) ein Kunststoffteil (37) mit einer Gleitrippe (38) für die Gleitführung (40) aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the pivot lever (27) has a plastic part (37) with a slide rib (38) for the slide guide (40). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schwenkhebel (27) in einem Langloch (33) mit seitlichem Spiel drehbar gelagert ist.Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the pivot lever (27) is rotatably mounted in an elongated hole (33) with lateral play. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Kipphebel (54) wenigstens eine Gleitführung (40') für den beweglichen Kontakt (32') gebildet ist.Device according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one slide guide (40 ') for the movable contact (32') is formed on the rocker arm (54). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine Schwenkhebel-Gleitführung an einer Wand (11, 69) eines Gehäuses für die Wechselschalter (19, 19', 20, 20') vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that at least one swivel lever slide guide is provided on a wall (11, 69) of a housing for the changeover switches (19, 19 ', 20, 20'). Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Wechselschalter (19,19', 20, 20') in einem einzigen Gehäuse (10, 10') in separaten Kammern (12, 12', 13, 13') symmetrisch zueinander angeordnet sind.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two changeover switches (19, 19 ', 20, 20') in a single housing (10, 10 ') in separate chambers (12, 12', 13, 13 ') are symmetrical are arranged to each other. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betätigungsorgan aus einem Schaltschieber (21, 21') besteht.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating member consists of a slide switch (21, 21 '). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 und 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Schaltschieber (21') zwei einander gegenüberliegende Kontaktaufreißrippen (65, 66) vorgesehen sind, die jeweils in der AUS- bzw. in der EIN-Schaltstellung von dem beweglichen Kontakt (32') beabstandet sind.Apparatus according to claims 4 and 13, characterized in that two opposing contact ripping ribs (65, 66) are provided on the switching slide (21 '), each of the movable contact (32' in the OFF or in the ON switching position. ) are spaced. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an jedem Schwenkhebel (27, 27') ein Federhalte- und Bewegungsführungsteil (62, 63) vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that a spring holding and movement guide part (62, 63) is provided on each pivot lever (27, 27 '). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Andruckfedern (24, 25, 60, 61) zwischen den jeweiligen beweglichen Kontakten (32, 32') und dem Schaltschieber (21) bzw. dem Kipphebel (54) angeordnet sind.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the pressure springs (24, 25, 60, 61) are arranged between the respective movable contacts (32, 32 ') and the slide switch (21) or the rocker arm (54). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaltschieber (21, 21') in dem Gehäuse (10, 10') im Bereich einer Wand (18, 18', 69) gelagert ist, die die beiden Gehäusekammern (12, 12', 13, 13') mit den darin befindlichen Wechselschaltern (19, 19', 20, 20') trennt.Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the slide switch (21, 21 ') is mounted in the housing (10, 10') in the region of a wall (18, 18 ', 69) which the two housing chambers (12, 12' , 13, 13 ') with the changeover switches (19, 19', 20, 20 ') located therein.
EP95117175A 1994-12-19 1995-10-31 Device for the switching of an electric motor, in particular for braking an electric power tool Expired - Lifetime EP0718859B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4445339 1994-12-19
DE4445339A DE4445339A1 (en) 1994-12-19 1994-12-19 Device for switching an electric motor, in particular for braking an electric tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0718859A1 true EP0718859A1 (en) 1996-06-26
EP0718859B1 EP0718859B1 (en) 1998-09-30

Family

ID=6536300

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95117175A Expired - Lifetime EP0718859B1 (en) 1994-12-19 1995-10-31 Device for the switching of an electric motor, in particular for braking an electric power tool

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5684280A (en)
EP (1) EP0718859B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08315675A (en)
AT (1) ATE171810T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4445339A1 (en)

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US20140144763A1 (en) * 2012-11-28 2014-05-29 Jonathan Willard Justice Power Disconnect Switch
JP6144566B2 (en) * 2013-07-26 2017-06-07 東洋電機製造株式会社 Three-phase switching contactor
DE102013219009A1 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Active electrical component
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CN213815887U (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-07-27 施耐德电器工业公司 Double-power-supply change-over switch
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH08315675A (en) 1996-11-29
ATE171810T1 (en) 1998-10-15
DE59503777D1 (en) 1998-11-05
EP0718859B1 (en) 1998-09-30
US5684280A (en) 1997-11-04
DE4445339A1 (en) 1996-06-20

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