EP0717423A1 - Isolierende Struktur eines elektrischen Schalters - Google Patents

Isolierende Struktur eines elektrischen Schalters Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0717423A1
EP0717423A1 EP95113404A EP95113404A EP0717423A1 EP 0717423 A1 EP0717423 A1 EP 0717423A1 EP 95113404 A EP95113404 A EP 95113404A EP 95113404 A EP95113404 A EP 95113404A EP 0717423 A1 EP0717423 A1 EP 0717423A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nylon
switch
insulating structure
reinforcement
composite material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95113404A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0717423B1 (de
Inventor
Shunichi C/O Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Katsube
Tosikazu C/O Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Uemoto
Satoru C/O Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Yamasaki
Kazunori C/O Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Fukuya
Kenichi C/O Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Nishina
Shinji C/O Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Yamagata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of EP0717423A1 publication Critical patent/EP0717423A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0717423B1 publication Critical patent/EP0717423B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an insulating structure of a switch comprising a molded article of an organic composite material, which structure withstands impact of an increase in pressure inside the switch on breaking the circuit. More particularly, it relates to molded insulating structures constituting a switch, including a housing and inside parts, which do not suffer from deformation, a crack or a break even when exposed to an impact of an increase in pressure inside the switch due to explosive expansion of decomposition gas generated from the housing and the inside parts on cutting off the current.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a general circuit-breaker.
  • numerals 1, 2, and 5 are a cover, a base, and a handle, respectively.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the circuit-breaker shown in Fig. 1 with its cover removed, in which cross-bar 3, trip bar 4, handle 5, contact point 6 of a movable contactor, and contact point 7 of a fixed contactor as shown in Fig. 3 to 6 are provided.
  • Cross-bar 3, trip bar 4, and handle 5 are generally made of an insulating structure molded of an organic composite material.
  • a switch such as a circuit-breaker
  • movable contactor point 6 and fixed contactor point 7 are disconnected with electricity applied, an arc is generated between them.
  • the organic material around the contact point and inside the switch thermally decomposes to generate gas to steeply rise the pressure inside the switch.
  • the increased pressure gives an impact to the housing of the switch, i.e., cover 1 and base 2, as well as the inside parts, i.e., handle 5, cross-bar 3, and trip bar 4.
  • Insulating structures in conventional circuit-breakers have been made of phenolic resins or polyester resins. Those made of phenolic resins usually comprise 50 wt% of a phenolic resin, 30 wt% of woodmeal, 15 wt% of an inorganic filler, and 5 wt% of a pigment and other additives. Insulating structures for a switch, for example, a housing comprising a polyester resin are disclosed in JP-A-5-202277.
  • a housing comprising 25 wt% of an unsaturated polyester resin, 60 wt% of calcium carbonate, and 15 wt% of glass fiber; a handle comprising 70 wt% of polybutylene terephthalate and 30 wt% of glass fiber; a cross-bar comprising 55 wt% of a phenolic resin and 45 wt% of glass fiber; and a trip bar comprising 70 wt% of polybutylene terephthalate and 30 wt% of glass fiber are known.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an insulating structure of a switch, i.e., a housing or an inside part, comprising a molded article of an organic/inorganic composite material, which structure withstands a rise of pressure inside the switch due to decomposition gas generated from the organic material of the structure at the time of high capacity cut-off of the switch without undergoing deformation, cracking or breakage.
  • the insulating structure of a switch according to the present invention is a molded article of an organic composite material comprising nylon 6, nylon 66, and nylon MXD 6 as matrix resins, and further an ethylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer as an impact-absorbing component, and a reinforcement (hereafter referred to as the first embodiment).
  • the another insulating structure of a switch according to the present invention is a molded article of an organic composite material comprising nylon 6 and nylon 66 as matrix resins, and further an ionomer of polyolefin as an impact-absorbing component, and a reinforcement (hereafter referred to as the second embodiment).
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the appearance of a circuit-breaker.
  • Fig. 2 is schematic perspective view of the circuit-breaker with a cover removed.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a contact point of a movable contactor and a contact point of a fixed contactor.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a handle.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a cross-bar.
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a trip bar.
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a cover.
  • the organic composite material for the insulating structures of the switch of the first embodiment preferably comprise 35 to 39 wt% of nylon 6, 8 to 12 wt% of nylon 66, and 1 to 3 wt% of nylon MXD 6 as matrix resins, 7 to 9 wt% of an ethylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer as an impact-absorbing component, and 40 to 45 wt% of a reinforcement.
  • the composition ratio is based on the total weight of the organic composite material.
  • the organic composite material having the above composition can be injection-molded to obtain each insulating structure.
  • the feature of the above organic composite material resides in that the combination of nylon 6 and nylon 66 has no aromatic ring and improves performance in arc extinguishing. Further, the combined use of nylon 6 and nylon 66 delays crystallization of the matrix, which favors gloss of the molded article.
  • nylon MXD 6 it is preferable to fit a mold for injection molding with a quenching means so that the mold may be cooled simultaneously with injection of the resin to lower the mold temperature in contact with the surface of the insulating structure. By doing this, nylon MXD 6 is rendered less crystallizable, resulting in further improvement in gloss of the molded article. Further, since the matrix resins are thermoplastic, it is possible to reduce the curing time in molding and to obtain a molded article having a complicated shape even with a thin wall.
  • nylon as used herein means an ordinary synthetic linear polyamide resin.
  • nylon mn as used herein denotes a polycondensate of a diamine having m carbon atoms (NH2(CH2) m NH2) and a dibasic acid having n carbon atoms (HOOC(CH2) n-2 COOH).
  • nylon n as used herein denotes a polymer of an ⁇ -amino acid having n carbon atoms (H2N(CH2) n-1 COOH) or a lactam having n carbon atoms.
  • the organic composite material of the first embodiment contains, as an impact-absorbing component, an ethylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer which is hardly hygroscopic, whereby the resulting molded article obtained therefrom has reduced hygroscopicity, improved impact resistance, and improved machinability in, for example, tapping and improved impact fatigue resistance.
  • the ethylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer used in the first embodiment preferably contains up to 3 mol% of ⁇ -olefin as a comonomer component, examples of which includes propylene and methylpentene.
  • the preferred composition ratio of the above-described components was decided based on the following reasons as a result of tests on various combinations.
  • the ratio of nylon 66 in the organic composite material exceeds 12 wt%, the appearance of the resulting molded article tends to be deteriorated. If it is less than 8 wt%, the molded article tends to have reduced heat resistance.
  • nylon MXD 6 in the specific organic composite material of the present invention becomes amorphous to provide satisfactory outer appearance. If the ratio of nylon MXD 6 is less than 1 wt%, the appearance tends to be deteriorated. If it exceeds 3 wt%, the aromatic ring in nylon MXD 6 tends to adversely affect the insulation performance after cut-off.
  • the resulting molded article tends to have insufficient rigidity. If the ethylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer is less than 7 wt%, or if the one or more reinforcements exceeds 45 wt%, the resulting molded article tends to have insufficient impact resistance.
  • the organic composite material for the insulating structures of the switch of the second embodiment preferably comprise 25 to 27 wt%, particularly 26 wt% of nylon 6 and 23 to 25 wt%, particularly 24 wt% of nylon 66 as matrix resins, 6 to 8 wt%, particularly 7 wt% of an ionomer of polyolefin as an impact-absorbing component, and 42 to 44 wt%, particularly 43 wt% of a reinforcement.
  • the matrix resin is a thermoplastic resin comprising nylon 6 and nylon 66 so that the curing time in molding may be shortened and a molded article of complicated shape can be obtained even with a small wall thickness.
  • the ionomer of a polyolefin copolymer compounded as an impact-absorbing component serves as an elastomeric component to improve impact resistance and arc extinguishing properties.
  • the composite material contains an ionomer of polyolefin which is hardly hygroscopic and a reinforcement, the insulating structures obtained therefrom have reduced hygroscopicity. Further, the incorporation of an ionomer of poleolefin improves physical machinability, for example, in tapping and it also brings about an improvement in impact fatigue resistance.
  • the ionomer of polyolefin used in the second embodiment is not particularly limited, and it may be a conventional thermoplastic resin having polyolefin chains crosslinked by ionic bond.
  • Preferred examples are modified or unmodified EPDM (ethylene/propylene/diene/monomer) rubbers, and terpolymers of ethylene, methacrylic acid-zinc neutralization product and an acrylic acid ester.
  • the reinforcement to be used in both the first and second embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated below.
  • the insulating structure of a switch according to the present invention is a molded article of an organic composite material containing resins, an impact-absorbing component, and at least one kind of a reinforcement.
  • the reinforcement is used for improvements of strength against pressure, rigidity, and arc extinguishing properties.
  • the reinforcement comprises at least one kind selected from the group consisting of glass fiber, inorganic minerals, and ceramic fiber.
  • Substances present as impurity in the reinforcement of an insulating structure of a switch are decomposed by the high temperature of the arc at the time of high capacity current cut-off into molecular gas.
  • a compound of a metal of the Group 1A of the Periodic Table e.g., Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs or Fr
  • the conducting ion is chemically bonded to other ion gas generated therearound and thus deposited on the inside of the switch. Having conductivity, the deposit has been a cause of deterioration of insulating performance after cut-off.
  • the content of a metallic compound of a metal of the Group 1A of the Periodic Table in the form of an oxide (e.g., Na2O, K2O or Li2O) in the reinforcement exceeds 1 wt%, the arc extinguishing performance is considerably reduced.
  • a range of the metallic compound content in the reinforcement which will not give influences on the arc extinguishing performance is not more than 0.6 wt%, preferably not more than 0.15 wt%.
  • Removal of the Group 1A metal oxides involves an increase in cost for purification of the reinforcement.
  • a preferred metal oxide content which does not greatly impair the arc extinguishing performance and the insulating performance without causing an increase of purification cost ranges from 0.6 to 0.1 wt% based on the total weight of the reinforcement.
  • inorganic minerals to be combined as a reinforcement include calcium carbonate, clay, talc, mica, barium peroxide, aluminum oxide, zircon, cordierite,fibere, wollastonite, muscovite, magnesium carbonate, dolomite, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate, barium sulfate, zinc fluoride, and magnesium fluoride. They are effective to improve heat distortion resistance and dimensional stability.
  • Calcium carbonate, talc, wollastonite, barium peroxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate, barium sulfate, zinc fluoride, and magnesium fluoride are preferred reinforcements; for they satisfy the requirement of the total content of the Group 1A metal compounds.
  • calcium carbonate is preferably treated with a surface modifier, such as an aliphatic modifier, e.g., stearic acid, so as to have improved dispersibility in the matrix resin.
  • a surface modifier such as an aliphatic modifier, e.g., stearic acid
  • ceramic fiber as used herein means fibrous materials made of ceramics.
  • the ceramic fiber is not particularly limited as long as the condition described above with respect to the total content of metallic compounds of the Group IA metal of the Periodic Table is satisfied.
  • Specific examples of the ceramic fiber include aluminum silicate fiber, aluminum borate whisker, and alumina whisker. They are favorable from the standpoint of improvement in arc extinguishing properties and strength against pressure.
  • the ceramic fiber preferably has a diameter of 1 to 10 ⁇ m and an aspect ratio of not smaller than 10 from the viewpoint of strength against pressure.
  • the reinforcements to be used in the molded insulating structures are preferably fibrous ones for enhancing the strength and toughness of the molded article.
  • Glass fiber is particularly suitable for the molded insulating structures of the present invention for the following reason. Glass fiber is compatible with the matrix resins, nylon 6 and nylon 66, and is uniformly distributed throughout the molding material to provide a molded article free from local brittleness and having satisfactory impact resistance. Since glass itself is heat-resistant material, the resulting molded insulating structure has satisfactory resistance to heat and explosive gas pressure of the arc.
  • glass fiber as used herein means fibrous materials made of glass.
  • the glass fiber is not particularly limited as long as the condition hereinafter described above with respect to the total content of metallic compounds of the Group IA metals of the Periodic Table is satisfied.
  • Examples of glass material include E glass, S glass, D glass, T glass, and silica glass.
  • Fibrous glass products include long fibers, short fibers, and glass wool. Short fibers are preferred as a reinforcement for thermoplastic resins. Glass fiber as a reinforcement for thermosetting resins is not particularly restricted.
  • the glass fiber preferably has a diameter of 6 to 13 ⁇ m and an aspect ratio of not smaller than 10.
  • the glass fiber is preferably treated with a silane coupling agent, and the like for ensuring strength against pressure.
  • the above-mentioned reinforcements may be used either individually or as a combination of two or more thereof.
  • Combinations of two or more kinds of reinforcements include a combination of glass fiber and an inorganic mineral or ceramic fiber; a combination of an inorganic mineral and ceramic fiber; a combination of two or more kinds of glass fiber; a combination of two or more kinds of inorganic minerals; a combination of two or more kinds of ceramic fiber; and a combination of glass fiber, an inorganic mineral, and ceramic fiber. While not particularly limiting, the combination of glass fiber and an inorganic mineral has an advantage of low cost of raw materials.
  • the insulating parts of a switch according to the present invention can easily be prepared by molding the above-described organic composite material by injection molding, and the like.
  • the resulting housing can be prevented from being cracked, deformed or broken due to an explosive increase of the inner pressure at the time of high capacity cut-off, and the impact resistance of the switch at the time of cut-off can be improved and the insulating properties of each of these structures can be retained after the cut-off.
  • a cover, a part of a housing, as shown in Fig.1 was prepared using an organic composite material comprising nylon 6, nylon 66, and nylon MXD 6 as matrix resins; an ethylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer as an impact-absorbing component; and glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and wollastonite as reinforcements.
  • a cover was prepared using an unsaturated polyester resin as a matrix resin. The resulting cover was assembled into a circuit-breaker and tested by a cut-off test.
  • the comparative sample 1 using the conventional product suffered from damage, whereas no cracking or damage was observed with the samples of the present invention. While the samples tested were molded articles of the first embodiment, those obtained from the organic composition materials of the second embodiment were also satisfactory, being free from cracking or damage.
  • a handle shown in Fig. 3, a cross-bar shown in Fig. 4, and a trip bar shown in Fig. 5 were prepared by molding the organic composite material of the second embodiment.
  • a combination of nylon 6 and nylon 66 was used as a matrix resin, an ionomer of a polyolefin copolymer was used as an impact-absorbing component, and glass fiber, ceramic fiber and wollastonite were used as reinforcement(s).
  • a handle and a trip bar were prepared using a polybutylene terephthalate as a matrix resin (comparative samples 2 and 4), and a cross-bar was prepared using a phonolic resin as a matrix resin (comparative sample 3).
  • the handles, cross-bars and trip bars comprising the organic composite materials of the present invention (Sample Nos. 8 to 16) were proved satisfactory with no crack or breakage under visual observation after a cut-off test.
  • the results of handles, cross-bars, and trip bars are shown in Tables 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Similarly, satisfactory results were obtained when these insulating structures were prepared by molding the organic composite materials of the first embodiment. TABLE 2 Handle Sample No.

Landscapes

  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
EP95113404A 1994-12-16 1995-08-25 Isolierende Struktur eines elektrischen Schalters Expired - Lifetime EP0717423B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP313259/94 1994-12-16
JP31325994A JP3298340B2 (ja) 1994-12-16 1994-12-16 開閉器の絶縁構成物
JP31325994 1994-12-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0717423A1 true EP0717423A1 (de) 1996-06-19
EP0717423B1 EP0717423B1 (de) 1999-11-24

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EP95113404A Expired - Lifetime EP0717423B1 (de) 1994-12-16 1995-08-25 Isolierende Struktur eines elektrischen Schalters

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0717423B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3298340B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100197052B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1046054C (de)
DE (1) DE69513493T2 (de)
TW (1) TW291564B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1244128A2 (de) * 2001-03-23 2002-09-25 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Lastschalter
ES2441257A1 (es) * 2012-08-03 2014-02-03 Gave Electro, S.L. Interruptor-conmutador de levas resistente a altas temperaturas y proceso de producción de los módulos que forman la estructura del mismo

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10265666A (ja) * 1997-03-24 1998-10-06 Unitika Ltd ポリアミド樹脂組成物、これを用いてなるセルフタップ性を有する部品
WO2001080268A1 (fr) 2000-04-14 2001-10-25 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Interrupteur de circuit
DE10331169A1 (de) * 2003-07-09 2005-02-10 Basf Ag Gehäuseschale für ein elektronisches Gerät
JP2007070374A (ja) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-22 Omron Corp 高周波用部品
JP4851295B2 (ja) * 2006-10-17 2012-01-11 河村電器産業株式会社 回路遮断器
JP2011052230A (ja) * 2010-12-13 2011-03-17 Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics Corp ポリアミド樹脂組成物および成形品
KR101906598B1 (ko) * 2012-01-04 2018-10-11 엘에스전선 주식회사 내화형 부스덕트

Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53120761A (en) * 1977-03-30 1978-10-21 Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc Polyamide resin composition
US4299744A (en) * 1980-06-06 1981-11-10 American Hoechst Corporation High impact polyamides
JPS60170646A (ja) * 1984-02-16 1985-09-04 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd 樹脂組成物
JPH01279963A (ja) * 1989-03-27 1989-11-10 Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd ポリアミド樹脂組成物
DE3900460A1 (de) * 1989-01-10 1990-07-12 Basf Ag Flammgeschuetzte polyamidformmassen
WO1992015644A1 (en) * 1991-03-05 1992-09-17 Allied-Signal Inc. Flexible thermoplastic compositions comprising nylon
JPH05202277A (ja) 1991-09-11 1993-08-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 高熱伝導性低収縮湿式不飽和ポリエステル系樹脂組成物およびそれを用いた回路遮断器
JPH06141443A (ja) * 1992-10-21 1994-05-20 Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd 自動車用リレーボックス用組成物および自動車用リレーボックス
JPH06184398A (ja) * 1992-12-17 1994-07-05 Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd 熱可塑性樹脂組成物および自動車用リレーボックス

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53120761A (en) * 1977-03-30 1978-10-21 Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc Polyamide resin composition
US4299744A (en) * 1980-06-06 1981-11-10 American Hoechst Corporation High impact polyamides
JPS60170646A (ja) * 1984-02-16 1985-09-04 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd 樹脂組成物
DE3900460A1 (de) * 1989-01-10 1990-07-12 Basf Ag Flammgeschuetzte polyamidformmassen
JPH01279963A (ja) * 1989-03-27 1989-11-10 Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd ポリアミド樹脂組成物
WO1992015644A1 (en) * 1991-03-05 1992-09-17 Allied-Signal Inc. Flexible thermoplastic compositions comprising nylon
JPH05202277A (ja) 1991-09-11 1993-08-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 高熱伝導性低収縮湿式不飽和ポリエステル系樹脂組成物およびそれを用いた回路遮断器
JPH06141443A (ja) * 1992-10-21 1994-05-20 Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd 自動車用リレーボックス用組成物および自動車用リレーボックス
JPH06184398A (ja) * 1992-12-17 1994-07-05 Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd 熱可塑性樹脂組成物および自動車用リレーボックス

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DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 7847, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A23, AN 78-85077A *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8542, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A23, AN 85-258638 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 047 (C - 0682) 29 January 1990 (1990-01-29) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 455 (E - 1595) 24 August 1994 (1994-08-24) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 528 (C - 1258) 6 October 1994 (1994-10-06) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1244128A2 (de) * 2001-03-23 2002-09-25 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Lastschalter
EP1244128A3 (de) * 2001-03-23 2004-04-14 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Lastschalter
ES2441257A1 (es) * 2012-08-03 2014-02-03 Gave Electro, S.L. Interruptor-conmutador de levas resistente a altas temperaturas y proceso de producción de los módulos que forman la estructura del mismo

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69513493T2 (de) 2000-04-27
KR960025886A (ko) 1996-07-20
KR100197052B1 (ko) 1999-06-15
CN1046054C (zh) 1999-10-27
TW291564B (de) 1996-11-21
EP0717423B1 (de) 1999-11-24
DE69513493D1 (de) 1999-12-30
JPH08171831A (ja) 1996-07-02
CN1129343A (zh) 1996-08-21
JP3298340B2 (ja) 2002-07-02

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