EP0716404B1 - Verfahren zur seriellen Übertragung von digitalen Messwerten - Google Patents
Verfahren zur seriellen Übertragung von digitalen Messwerten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0716404B1 EP0716404B1 EP95118878A EP95118878A EP0716404B1 EP 0716404 B1 EP0716404 B1 EP 0716404B1 EP 95118878 A EP95118878 A EP 95118878A EP 95118878 A EP95118878 A EP 95118878A EP 0716404 B1 EP0716404 B1 EP 0716404B1
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- European Patent Office
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- values
- transmitted
- transmitter
- resistance value
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
- G08C19/16—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses
- G08C19/28—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses using pulse code
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method in the preamble of claim 1 Art.
- Such methods are used, for example, if continuously measured values from a peripherally arranged Sensor to a central, acting as a user Evaluation and processing unit to be transferred.
- the transmission rate is proportional to the accuracy or to the resolving power with which the measured values are obtained and transmitted because high accuracy or high resolution a high number of bits per measured value make necessary.
- the invention is based on the object Develop methods of the type mentioned in such a way that the inherent advantage of serial transmission methods small number of transmission lines is preserved and at the same time a transmission rate is reached with the transmission rates of the parallel transmission methods is not only comparable, but even surpasses it.
- the method according to the invention is based on sensor systems from that continuously in a predetermined by the sensor system Time clock deliver measured values, either only as absolute values or both as absolute values and as incremental ones Change values are incurred.
- Transfer values are formed from these measured values, the two categories in terms of information content be assigned.
- the transmission values of the first category are called absolute values sent, i.e. it will all bits that the represent the associated absolute measured value with the help a suitable modulation method on the transmitter side and after fed into the transmission line and on the receiver side taking into account the importance that each this bit is assigned to a received measured value, which is both cached and another Processing is fed.
- the transfer values of the second category are opposed formed by only one sign bit and one value bit, that they are each related to the incremental change value of the previous measured value.
- the latter can immediately used as transmission values of the second category. If the sensor system only provides absolute values, then the transmission values of the second category are on the transmitter side by forming the difference between the successive Absolute values won.
- a "virtual" absolute measured value can be generated by the following for the completely transferred absolute value Increments with correct sign added, i.e. with positive Sign added and subtracted with negative sign become.
- the zero increment does not change anything of the virtual measured value formed on the receiver side.
- the increments can thus be represented using two bits , for example by changing the -1 to the Bit sequence 01, change +1 bit sequence 10 and "Change" 0 can be assigned to bit sequence 11.
- the same possible bit sequence 00 either remains unused, their appearance being taken as an indication of this may be that an error has occurred or it is serving for example, subsequent bits as protocol bits to mark.
- the maximum rate of change that occurs under all circumstances the physical measured by the sensor Size specifies the lower limit of frequency, with which the transmission values must be sent.
- the time interval with which immediately successive Measured values generated by the sensor must be so small that as a rule the change occurring in this period the physical size and thus the difference of two successive measured values less than / equal to the absolute amount of the increment value.
- the latter can, however according to a preferred variant chosen in the manner variable be that at high rates of change a larger increment value represented by one bit each Difference is assigned than for small rates of change.
- the transferred incremental values are received by the recipient at high rates of change no longer to the position of what was updated there added virtual measurement value (added or subtracted) which has the lowest value, but to the position with the second lowest or even one higher value.
- This has a corresponding reduction of resolving power, but provides such high rates of change of those to be monitored physical size is generally not a disadvantage.
- the upper limit frequency with which the transmission values are sent must be chosen so high that in addition to the bit pairs, which are the incremental values and the sign of the to represent transmission values belonging to the second category, the "additional information" can also be transferred, to which the bits belong, which are the transmission values of the first Show category and log data with their help can be recognized on the receiver side to which category the respective bit belongs to what size an incremental step is to be assigned at the respective time and which Length of the transmitted words, in which in a predeterminable sequence and number of bits of the first category, Second category bit and protocol bit are included.
- German Offenlegungsschrift 42 24 225 there is one Evaluation electronics described for a position transmitter, which determines the measured values using a control loop.
- the one provided in digital form is in a hurry Measured value always behind the actual (angle) position when this changes.
- the circuit arrangement is but trained so that when this change with constant speed to compensate for the a correction value is formed and is added to the current measured value so that the corrected measured value the current actual position reproduces exactly.
- the log data can also be used with the incremental values representing bits are so interleaved that a seamless update of the virtual Measured values is possible.
- a particularly advantageous transmission method results if an adapted, twisted two-wire line is provided on the one standing alternating voltage wave with that according to the above Transmission frequency and criteria set fixed voltage amplitude is generated. Both of these necessary as well as that for the supply of the sensor and electrical energy required for its electronics be fed in from the receiver side.
- the standing wave is current modulated, what can be controlled by opening and closing a quick Switch arrangement can be done on the transmitter side. With two consecutive half waves (one positive, one negative), there are then four different states (first half-wave loaded or unloaded; second half-wave loaded or unloaded), of which e.g. to Transfer of an incremental value (with sign) only three are needed. The fourth state can then Error detection or used to do the following Mark data as log data.
- transmitter 1 in which to be continuously transmitted Data is generated in digital form, and a recipient side 2 indicated to whom this data for further processing should be transferred.
- the Connection between transmitter 1 and receiver 2 forms a twisted 2-wire line 4.
- This 2-wire line 4 is used on the one hand by the receiver side 2 to the transmitter 1 the electrical Transfer energy to operate the latter contained circuitry is needed. At the same time but it also serves to transfer the from Transmitter 1 provided data on the the receiver side 2 arranged users of this Data.
- the terms “sender” and “receiver” refer thus on the flow direction of those to be transmitted Measurement data while electrical supply energy and if required, control commands on the 2-wire line 4 in the opposite direction, i.e. from the recipient 2 are transmitted to transmitter 1.
- this sensor there is a sensor on the side of the transmitter 1, which measures any physical quantity and converts it into an electrical signal.
- this sensor be a temperature sensor, a position detector such as an encoder etc. act.
- It is also located on the transmitter side an electronic preparation and buffer circuit, which is the electrical supplied by the sensor Signal processed and in digital form for transmission to the recipient side 2 or on demand.
- Such a sensor and associated electronic circuits are, for example European Patent Application 93 111 319.5.
- this sensor together with its complete electronics briefly as "Consumer” referred to in the figure by the reproduced block marked with the reference numeral 6 is.
- receiver side 2 one in the present Context also referred to as "user" Evaluation electronics that are supplied by the transmitter 1 Data processed, a power supply unit, which the electrical energy required by the transmitter 1 in suitable form, as well as others, circuit arrangements briefly explained below includes, which are not shown in the figure, since their structure and interconnection for the Expert are self-evident.
- connection terminals 8, 9 connected to the one winding 10 of a transformer 11, whose other winding 12 with the receiver side End of the 2-wire line 4 is connected. It became aware of the use of the terms here "Primary winding” and “secondary winding” dispensed with, because the winding 10 with respect to the one to be transmitted electrical supply energy the primary side, as to the one to be transmitted from the sender to the recipient Data but the secondary side of the transmitter 11 forms. The reverse applies correspondingly to the winding 12.
- the windings 10, 12 of the transformer 11 are designed that the fed in at connections 8, 9, AC voltage used to supply the transmitter 1 is transformed down to that by high frequency Cross currents result in losses on the 2-wire line 4 as small as possible.
- connection 19 there is one side the consumer 6 directly connected to the connection 19, while its other side is connected to terminal 18 is connected via a resistor 21 to which a faster controllable switch 22 connected in parallel is.
- resistor 21 and the consumer 6 existing series connection In parallel to that of resistor 21 and the consumer 6 existing series connection is above the connections 18, 19 one of a resistor 24 and a fast one controllable switch 25 existing further series connection.
- Resistors 21, 24 and switches 22, 25 serve in addition, those supplied by the consumer 6 in digital form Data by current modulation on the 2-wire transmission line 4 to be stamped on the receiver side 2 located users to transfer, as follows is explained in more detail. The one to carry out this Modulation the switch 22, 25 actuating control circuit is contained in consumer 6 and is not described here, since their structure is well known to the expert.
- the described Transmission arrangement depends on the transmitter 1 and the receiver 2 with the help of a cost-effective as possible Connect line.
- a cost-effective as possible Connect line To the bedding of Preventing interference signals is therefore a twisted one 2-wire line selected, on their high-frequency properties but no high demands are made can, so that in particular a small wave resistance and a small transverse resistance can be accepted have to.
- the transmitters 11, 15 designed so that the between the two wires of the Line 4 existing voltage much lower than that supply voltage required by the consumer 6.
- the Length of line 4 is equal to ⁇ / 4 or an odd number A multiple of this is when ⁇ is the wavelength of the AC wave is.
- the frequency of the the connections 8, 9 supplied AC supply voltage and the length of line 4 matched so that the latter is equal to a quarter ⁇ because this is the lowest possible Frequency of the AC supply voltage results.
- the resistance terminating the line 4 for ideal power adaptation would be equal to its characteristic impedance ⁇ L. Since the transformer 15 increases this value by the square of its transmission ratio n, the resistance value n 2 ⁇ ⁇ L must appear between the connections 18, 19 for an ideal power adjustment.
- the switch 22 In the second modulation state, the switch 22 is open, so that the consumer 6 with the resistor 21st forms a voltage divider that at the connections 18, 19 appearing increased tension just so low that the voltage across the consumer 6 compared to the first modulation state remains unchanged.
- the resistance values of the consumer 6 on the one hand and of the resistor 21 on the other hand must be selected appropriately. This is preferably done so that the resistance value of the consumer 6 is equal to 2.n 2 . ⁇ L. This can be done either with the help of suitable, non-switchable series or parallel resistors, not shown in the figure. Another possibility is to choose the transmission ratio n of the transformer 15 such that the resistance of the consumer 6, which is fixed in terms of circuitry, is equal to 2.n 2 ⁇ L.
- the already mentioned resistor 22 is provided, the resistance value of which is equal to the resistance value of the consumer, that is to say 2.n 2 . ⁇ L is. Since the switch 25 connected in series with this resistor 22 is closed in the first modulation state, a total resistance n 2 ⁇ ⁇ L results for the line termination. In the second modulation state, the switch 25 is opened, so that the transmission line 4 is terminated with the total resistance 3.n 2 . ⁇ L composed of the resistance values of the resistor 21 and the load 6.
- transmitters 1 and Receiver 2 only through a single 2-wire line 4 are interconnected on both the energy supply of transmitter 1 as well as data transmission from transmitter 1 to receiver 2 takes place.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
Description
Claims (17)
- Verfahren zur seriellen Übertragung der von einem Sensor fortlaufend gelieferten, senderseitig in digitaler Form vorliegenden Meßwerte an einen Empfänger, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßwerte in so kurzen zeitlichen Abständen ermittelt werden, daß ihre Abweichung vom jeweils vorausgehend ermittelten Meßwert im Regelfall entweder +1, 0 oder -1 beträgt und somit durch lediglich zwei Bit darstellbar ist, von denen das eine das Vorzeichen und das andere den Wert der Abweichung wiedergibt, daß von den innerhalb eines vorgegebbaren Zeitraumes anfallenden Meßwerten nur jeweils einer vollständig als Absolutwert übertragen wird, während von den anderen nur jeweils die auf diesen einen Meßwert bezogenen inkrementalen Änderungswerte übertragen werden, und daß empfängerseitig den senderseitig anfallenden Meßwerten entsprechende, "virtuelle" Meßwerte dadurch synthetisiert werden, daß die übertragenen Inkrementalwerte wert- und vorzeichenrichtig zu dem vollständig übertragenen Absolutwert hinzugefügt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bit des als Absolutwert vollständig zu übertragenden Wertes einzeln oder in kleinen Gruppen alternierend mit den jeweils einen inkrementalen Änderungswert darstellenden Bit übertragen werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen zwei nacheinander übertragenen Bit oder Bitgruppen des Absolutwertes eine Vielzahl von Inkrementalwerten übertragen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusätzlich zu den Bit, die die als Absolutwerte zu übertragenden Meßwerte bzw. die Inkrementalwerte darstellen, Protokollbit übertragen werden, die eine eindeutige Zuordnung der Meßwert-Bit zu den Absolut- oder den Inkrementalwerten ermöglichen.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Größe des Betrages der Änderung der zu messenden Größe, die durch jeweils ein zur Übertragung der Inkrementalwert dienendes Bit beschrieben wird, zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten verschieden definiert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wertigkeit, die zum jeweiligen Zeitpunkt einem Bit zukommt, das einen Inkrementalwert darstellt, ebenfalls mit Hilfe von zu übertragenden Protokollbit festgelegt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß empfängerseitig ein neu als Absolutwert vollständig übertragener Meßwert mit dem virtuellen Meßwert verglichen wird, der aus dem zuletzt vollständig übertragenen Absolutwert und den zwischenzeitlich übertragenen Inkrementalwerten empfängerseitig synthetisiert worden ist, und daß ein eventuell vorhandener Unterschied zur Fehlererkennung und Fehlerkorrektur verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auch senderseitig ein virtueller Meßwert gebildet und mit den dort anfallenden Absolutwerten verglichen wird und daß der Sender beim Auftreten von Differenzen zwischen diesen virtuellen Meßwerten und diesen Absolutwerten Korrekturinkremente bildet und als Übertragungswerte der zweiten Kategorie sendet.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Übertragung auf einer 2-Draht-Leitung (4) erfolgt, auf die eine stehende Wechselspannungswelle mit unveränderbarer Spannungsamplitude aufgeprägt wird, deren Frequenz so auf die 2-Draht-Leitung (4) abgestimmt ist, daß deren Länge gleich einem Viertel oder einem ungeradzahligen Vielfachen eines Viertels der Wechselspannungswellenlänge (λ) ist, und daß die Kodierung der einzelnen, zu übertragenden Bit durch Strom-modulation in der Weise erfolgt, daß senderseitig mit Hilfe einer steuerbaren Schalteranordnung (22, 25) zwischen einem ersten Modulationszustand, in dem die 2-Draht-Leitung (4) mit einem ersten Widerstandswert abgeschlossen ist, und einem zweiten Modulationszustand hin- und hergeschaltet wird, in dem die 2-Draht-Leitung (4) durch einen zweiten, vom ersten Widerstandswert verschiedenen Widerstandswert abgeschlossen ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die stehende Wechselspannungs-welle auf die 2-Draht-Leitung (4) vom Empfänger (2) aufgeprägt wird und gleichzeitig zur Stromversorgung der senderseitigen Schaltungsanordnung (1) dient.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Widerstandswert, auf den im ersten Modulationszustand umgeschaltet wird, der für die ideale Leistungsanpassung der Senderseite an die 2-Draht-Leitung (4) erforderliche Widerstandswert ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Widerstandswert, auf den im zweiten Modulationszustand umgeschaltet wird, gleich dem 3-fachen des für den ersten Modulationszustand verwendeten Widerstandswertes ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die 2-Draht-Leitung (4) und der senderseitige Verbraucher (6) so aneinander angepaßt werden, daß dessen Widerstandswert gleich dem 2-fachen des für eine ideale Leistungsanpassung erforderlichen Widerstandswertes ist, daß mit dem Verbraucher (6) ein erster Widerstand (21) in Reihe geschaltet ist, dessen Widerstandswert gleich dem für eine ideale Leistungsanpassung erforderlichen Widerstandswert ist und der durch einen parallel geschalteten, ersten steuerbaren Schalter (22) kurzschließbar ist, und daß parallel zu der aus Verbraucher (6) und erstem Widerstand (21) bestehenden Reihenschaltung eine weitere Reihenschaltung vorgesehen ist, die aus einem zweiten steuerbaren Schalter (25) und einem zweiten Widerstand (24) besteht, dessen Widerstandswert gleich dem 2-fachen des für eine ideale Leistungsanpassung erforderlichen Widerstandswertes ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekenn-zeichnet, daß die Anpassung zwischen der 2-Draht-Leitung (4) und dem senderseitigen Verbraucher (6) mit Hilfe eines zwischen das Leitungsende und den Eingang (18, 19) des Senders (1) geschalteten Übertragers (15) erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekenn-zeichnet, daß die 2-Draht-Leitung (4) auch mit dem Empfänger (2) vermittels eines Übertragers (11) gekoppelt ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, dadurch ge-kennzeichnet, daß der Sender (1) und/oder der Empfänger (2) als Faraday'scher Käfig gegen von außen kommende Fremdspannungen geschützt sind.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der Empfängerseite (2) eine Schaltungsanordnung vorgesehen ist, die beim Einschalten des Systems die Länge der 2-Draht-Leitung (4) mißt und die Frequenz der vom Empfänger (2) abgegebenen Wechselspannung an die 2-Draht-Leitung (4) anpaßt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4443959 | 1994-12-09 | ||
DE4443959A DE4443959A1 (de) | 1994-12-09 | 1994-12-09 | Verfahren zur seriellen Übertragung von digitalen Meßwerten |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0716404A1 EP0716404A1 (de) | 1996-06-12 |
EP0716404B1 true EP0716404B1 (de) | 1999-09-08 |
Family
ID=6535431
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95118878A Expired - Lifetime EP0716404B1 (de) | 1994-12-09 | 1995-11-30 | Verfahren zur seriellen Übertragung von digitalen Messwerten |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5691714A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0716404B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH08320988A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE184412T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2164659C (de) |
DE (2) | DE4443959A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2138133T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5991842A (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1999-11-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Communication system for providing digital data transfer, electronic equipment for transferring data using the communication system, and an interface control device |
JP2001143186A (ja) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-05-25 | Walter Mehnert | デジタル計測値のシリアル送信方法 |
DE19933491A1 (de) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-02-01 | Walter Mehner | Verfahren zur seriellen Übertragung von digitalen Meßdaten |
US20020149379A1 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2002-10-17 | Winfried Rauer | Electronic measuring device for detecting a process variable, in particular a radar or ultrasonic filling level measuring device, and a method for operating a measuring device of this type |
DE10059815A1 (de) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-13 | Grieshaber Vega Kg | Elektronische Messvorrichtung zur Erfassung einer Prozessvariablen, insbesondere Radar- oder Ultraschall-Füllstandsmessvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Messvorrichtung |
DE10055938A1 (de) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-05-23 | Hirschmann Electronics Gmbh | Datenübertragung |
DE10147490A1 (de) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-17 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Automatisierungsanlage |
DE10210131A1 (de) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Datenübertragung von einem Sensor zu einer Steuereinheit, Sensor und Steuereinheit |
DE10212131A1 (de) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-02 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Automatisierungsanlage |
DE10216330B4 (de) | 2002-04-13 | 2007-01-25 | Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG | Messeinrichtung für die Prozesstechnik mit Zentralstromversorgung |
DE10317803B4 (de) * | 2003-04-16 | 2015-01-15 | Anton Rodi | Messwertverarbeitung von Winkel- und Wegmesssystemen |
US7016741B2 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2006-03-21 | Rosemount Inc. | Process control loop signal converter |
DE102004034133A1 (de) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-02-02 | Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. | Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Auflösung bei der Übertragung von Sensorsignalen zwischen einem Sender und zumindest einem Empfänger und Vorrichtung sowie Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
US7898430B2 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2011-03-01 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | System and method for opportunistic transmission of test probe metadata |
JP2007174197A (ja) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-05 | Toshiba Corp | 双方向伝送装置および双方向伝送方法 |
Family Cites Families (13)
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US3114900A (en) * | 1960-12-08 | 1963-12-17 | Gen Electric | Automatic incremental metering |
BE758268A (fr) * | 1969-11-04 | 1971-04-01 | Ibm | Procede et systeme de codage comprime de quantites sous forme digitale |
DE2136583A1 (de) * | 1971-07-22 | 1973-02-08 | Hunter Douglas | Paneel fuer wand- oder deckenverkleidung |
US3851302A (en) * | 1973-03-09 | 1974-11-26 | Seismograph Service Corp | Method and apparatus for seismic data acquisition by sequential sampling of data |
DE2701184A1 (de) * | 1977-01-13 | 1978-07-27 | Endress Hauser Gmbh Co | Schaltungsanordnung zur uebertragung von messwertsignalen |
DE3049000A1 (de) * | 1980-12-24 | 1982-09-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | System zur uebertragung von aenderungen einer absolutgroesse |
US4559520A (en) * | 1982-06-23 | 1985-12-17 | New England Power Service Company | Method for communication utilizing multi-mode reception |
GB2136583A (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1984-09-19 | British Hovercraft Corp Ltd | Data transmission systems |
DE3410752A1 (de) * | 1984-03-23 | 1985-09-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Vorrichtung zur uebertragung von messsignalen |
JPS61126836A (ja) * | 1984-11-22 | 1986-06-14 | Sansui Electric Co | Pcm伝送方式およびその装置 |
JPS6417594A (en) * | 1987-07-11 | 1989-01-20 | Futaba Denshi Kogyo Kk | Remote controller |
DE4224225C2 (de) | 1992-07-22 | 1996-03-14 | Walter Dr Mehnert | Schaltungsanordnung für einen induktiven Stellungsgeber |
FR2695277B1 (fr) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-10-07 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procédé et dispositif de transmission numérisée de signaux. |
-
1994
- 1994-12-09 DE DE4443959A patent/DE4443959A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-11-30 DE DE59506782T patent/DE59506782D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-30 EP EP95118878A patent/EP0716404B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-30 ES ES95118878T patent/ES2138133T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-30 AT AT95118878T patent/ATE184412T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-07 CA CA002164659A patent/CA2164659C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-08 JP JP7348475A patent/JPH08320988A/ja active Pending
- 1995-12-11 US US08/570,209 patent/US5691714A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH08320988A (ja) | 1996-12-03 |
ATE184412T1 (de) | 1999-09-15 |
DE59506782D1 (de) | 1999-10-14 |
CA2164659A1 (en) | 1996-06-10 |
CA2164659C (en) | 2004-06-22 |
EP0716404A1 (de) | 1996-06-12 |
US5691714A (en) | 1997-11-25 |
DE4443959A1 (de) | 1996-06-20 |
ES2138133T3 (es) | 2000-01-01 |
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