EP0709868B2 - Disjoncteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0709868B2
EP0709868B2 EP94119681A EP94119681A EP0709868B2 EP 0709868 B2 EP0709868 B2 EP 0709868B2 EP 94119681 A EP94119681 A EP 94119681A EP 94119681 A EP94119681 A EP 94119681A EP 0709868 B2 EP0709868 B2 EP 0709868B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
movable
movable member
contact
shaped portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94119681A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0709868B1 (fr
EP0709868A1 (fr
Inventor
Tsukasa c/o Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Iio
Kohei c/o Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Fujiwara
Shuuji c/o Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Matsumoto
Masami c/o Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Terasawa
Shigeru C/O Mitsubishi El. Eng. Co Ltd. Matsumoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=16501709&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0709868(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of EP0709868A1 publication Critical patent/EP0709868A1/fr
Publication of EP0709868B1 publication Critical patent/EP0709868B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0709868B2 publication Critical patent/EP0709868B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a molded-case circuit breaker, and more particularly to an improvement of the movable member in the circuit breaker which is operated to open and close the circuit.
  • FIGS. 6 through 8 shows a conventional circuit breaker disclosed by, for instance, Japanese Utility Patent Publication No. 32922/1993.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of the circuit breaker which is tripped
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the latter which is in "on" state (the circuit being closed).
  • reference numeral 1 designates a casing of synthetic resin comprising a cover 1a and a base 1b; 2, a stationary member provided on the bottom of the base 1b, the stationary member 2 having a stationary contact 2a; 3, a frame secured to the base 1b of the casing 1 with screws 4; 5, an operating handle which is swingable about a protrusion 3a formed on the frame 3; 6, a cradle rotatably mounted on the operating handle 5; 7, an upper link pin; and 8, a link mechanism comprising an upper link 8a and a lower link 8b which are coupled to each other through a coupling pin 9. Further in FIGS.
  • reference numeral 10 designates a pulling spring which urges the coupling pin 9 towards the operating handle 5 to lock the upper link 8a to the upper link pin 7; 11, a cross bar which is rotatably provided with respect to the base 1b, the cross bar being coupled to the lower link 8b through a lower link pin 12; and 13, a movable member having a movable contact 13a, the movable member 13 being rotatably mounted on a movable member shaft 14 embedded in the cross bar 11.
  • reference numeral 15 denotes a stationary conductor secured to the base 1b; 16, a flexible conductor connected between the stationary conductor 15 and the movable member 13; 17, an instantaneous tripping electromagnetic device mounted on the base 1b, having a movable iron core 17a; 18, a timed tripping bimetal device; 18a, an adjusting screw for adjusting the tripping operation; 19, a trip bar which is engaged with the movable iron core 17a and the adjusting screw 18a; 20, a hook which is engaged with the trip bar 19; and 21, a latch adapted to engage with the hook 20, with the cradle 6 being engaged with the latch 21.
  • FIG. 7 denotes a stationary conductor secured to the base 1b; 16, a flexible conductor connected between the stationary conductor 15 and the movable member 13; 17, an instantaneous tripping electromagnetic device mounted on the base 1b, having a movable iron core 17a; 18, a timed tripping bimetal device; 18a, an adjusting screw for
  • reference numeral 22 designates a stopper pin on the frame 3; 23, a link stopper adapted to abut against the stopper pin 22, the link stopper 23 having an abutment portion 23a with which the upper link 8a is elastically brought into contact when tripped; and 24, a conventional de-ionization arc extinguish chamber.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of the movable member which is made up of a flat-plate-shaped movable conductor 13b, and a movable contact 13a brazed to one surface of the conductor 13b which corresponds to the thickness of the latter 13b.
  • FIG. 9 shows a movable member 13 disclosed by Japanese Utility Patent Application (OPI) No. 41348/1990 (the term "OPI" as used herein means an "unexamined application”), which is coupled to the base 1b.
  • OPI Japanese Utility Patent Application
  • the movable member 13 is also made up of a flat-plate-shaped movable conductor 13b, and a movable contact 13a which is brazed to one surface of the movable conductor 13b which corresponds to the width of the latter 13b.
  • FIG. 10 shows another example of the flat-plate-shaped movable member, which is formed as follows: One end portion of a flat-plate-shaped arm 13b is bent L-shaped to form a flat ear, and a movable contact 13a is brazed to the flat ear thus formed.
  • the arm 13b has a hole 14a into which the movable member shaft is inserted.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view outlining the arrangement of a plurality of the movable members 13 shown in FIG.
  • the movable member 13 which, as shown in FIG. 8, is formed by brazing the movable contact 13a to the surface of the flat-plate-shaped movable conductor 13b which corresponds to the thickness of the latter 13b, suffers from the following difficulties:
  • the flat-plate-shaped movable conductor 13b is reduced in mechanical strength by the brazing heat.
  • the brazing area of the movable contact 13a is small, so that the movable contact welded to the movable conductor is not sufficiently secured thereto.
  • the brazing work is liable to be fluctuated in welding pressure, in welding current, in welding time, and therefore the resultant weld is not stable in mechanical strength. Hence, the brazing work takes time and labor, which increases the manufacturing cost.
  • the movable member made up of the flat-plate-shaped movable conductor 13b as shown in FIG. 9 is advantageous as follows: Since the movable conductor 13b is relatively large in width, the movable contact 13a can be brazed to the conductor 13b with ease, or it may be joined to the latter 13b by caulking. In addition, the elasticity of the movable conductor 13b enhances the operation of the latter 13b and that of a link mechanism (not shown).
  • the movable member suffers from the following difficulty: Since the slit 1d is large in correspondence to the large width of the movable conductor 13b, arc gas produced at the contact when the circuit is opened is liable to flow through the slit 1d to the tripping device (17 and 18 in FIG. 7).
  • the movable member shown in FIG. 10 which comprises; the flat-plate-shaped movable conductor 13b whose one end portion is bent L-shaped to form the flat ear; and movable contact 13a brazed to the flat ear thus formed, is also disadvantageous in the following points:
  • the movable contact 13a is liable to be shifted as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the centers of the movable contacts 13a are shifted as much as L to the left from the central lines of the flat-plate-shaped conductors 13b, respectively, which are supported on the movable member shaft 14. Accordingly, the center of each of the movable contacts 13a is shifted by L to the left from the center of the casing 1. This shift makes the positional relationship between the stationary contact 2a and the movable contact 13a liable to change, and increases the external dimensions of the circuit breaker depending on its structure.
  • US-A-3,329,913 discloses a circuit breaker, comprising:
  • DE-B-25 25 810 discloses a circuit breaker, comprising:
  • FR-A-2 541 520 discloses a movable member adapted to be installed in a circuit breaker to open and close a circuit in cooperation with a stationary member having a stationary contact , said movable member comprising:
  • US-A-3,464,040 discloses a circuit breaker, comprising:
  • an object of this invention is to eliminate the above-described difficulties accompanying a conventional circuit breaker. More specifically, a first object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker in which its movable member made up of a movable conductor such as a thin metal plate is sufficiently high in mechanical strength, and the movable contact welded to the movable conductor is positively secured to the latter, showing high weld strength, and which is low in manufacturing cost when compared with the conventional one.
  • a second object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker in which arc gas produced at the contact when the circuit is opened scarcely flows to the tripping device (17 and 18 in FIG. 9).
  • a portion of the movable conductor which is next to the first plate-shaped portion on which the movable contact is formed may be curved inwardly with respect to the first plate-shaped portion, thus providing a step.
  • the synthetic resin casing may have a partition wall having a slit which is engaged with the portion of the movable conductor 13b which is made perpendicular to the bottom of the casing and is located between the movable contact of the movable member and the cross bar, the slit being made as small in width as permitting the movement of the movable member therein.
  • the portion of the movable conductor which is next to the first plate-shaped portion, on which the movable contact is provided is curved inwardly with respect to the first plate-shaped portion to form the step.
  • the step thus formed protects the movable conductor from arc gas produced at the contact.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view, with parts cut away, showing a circuit breaker which is tripped, which constitutes a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view, with parts cut away, showing the circuit breaker which is in "on” state.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of a movable member in the circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a movable member in a circuit breaker, which constitutes a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a movable member and its relevant component in a circuit breaker, which constitutes a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of a conventional circuit breaker which is tripped.
  • FIG. 7 is a side views of the conventional circuit breaker which is in "on" state.
  • FIGS. 8 through 10 are perspective views showing examples of a movable member in the conventional circuit breaker.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a plurality of the movable members shown in FIG. 10 which are applied to a multi-pole circuit breaker.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a circuit breaker with a part of its molded casing cut away, which constitutes a first embodiment of the invention. More specifically, FIG. 1 is a side view of the circuit breaker which is tripped, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the latter which is in "on" state (the circuit being closed).
  • the components except a base 1b and a movable member 13 are equal to those in the above-described conventional circuit breaker, and are therefore designated by the same reference numerals or characters in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • parts corresponding functionally to those in the conventional circuit breaker are designated by the same reference numerals or characters.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of the movable member 13 in the first embodiment of the invention.
  • reference character 13b designates a movable conductor fabricated from a conductive metal plate such as a copper plate or brass plate.
  • the movable conductor 13b has a movable contact 13a on its one end portion.
  • the one end portion of the movable conductor 13b is formed into a plate-shaped portion 13d larger in width than the diameter of the movable contact 13a.
  • a movable contact mounting hole 13c is formed in the plate-shaped portion 13d, so that the movable contact 13a is fixedly secured to the plate-shaped portion 13d by caulking.
  • reference numeral 14 denotes a movable member shaft; and 14a, a rotary shaft hole into which the movable member shaft 14 is inserted.
  • the movable member 13 thus formed is rotatably held through the movable member shaft 14 on the cross bar 11 (shown in FIG. 1).
  • the portion of the movable conductor 13b which is next to the plate-shaped portion 13d is curved inwardly with respect to the latter 13d, to form a step 13f.
  • the movable contact 13a is fixedly secured to the movable conductor 13b.
  • the movable conductor 13b is made of a metal plate. However, as shown in FIG. 4, it may be formed by forging copper material or brass material. That is, in the second embodiment, the movable conductor 13b is formed by cold forging so that it comprises: a plate-shaped portion 13d at one end which has a predetermined width in correspondence to the size of the movable contact 13a; and the remaining portion which is also in the form of a plate which has a thickness smaller than the predetermined width of the plate-shaped portion 13d. The remaining portion is oriented at 90° with respect to the plate-shaped portion 13d so that it is perpendicular to the bottom of the base 1b. In FIG.
  • reference character 13f designates a step; and 14a, a rotary shaft hole.
  • the movable member whose movable conductor 13b is formed by forging in the above-described manner has the same effects as the movable member made of a metal plate in the first embodiment.
  • the casing 1 has a partition wall with a slit.
  • the slit is engaged with the portion of the movable conductor 13b which is made perpendicular to the bottom of the base 1b and is located between the movable contact 13a of the movable member 13 and the cross bar 11.
  • the partition wall is as indicated at 1e in FIG. 5.
  • the partition wall 1e has the slit 1d which is made as small in width as permitting the movement of the movable member 13 (in the directions of the arrow A) in the slit.
  • the partition wall 1e prevents the arc gas g produced at the contact from flowing to the tripping device (17 and 18 in FIG. 7).
  • the circuit breaker which is designed as described above, has the following effects or merits:
  • one end portion of the movable conductor made is formed into the first plate-shaped portion having the predetermined width on which the movable contact is provided, and the movable conductor is twisted 90° at the middle so that the other end portion is perpendicular to the bottom of the casing.
  • This structure increases the mechanical strength of the supporting portion of the movable member during switching, and enhances the welding of the movable contact.
  • the movable contact welded to the movable conductor is positively secured to the latter, and the movable member can be pivotally supported with ease.
  • the movable member is formed by forging a metal material to include the first and second plate-shaped portions which form 90° with each other.
  • the movable member thus formed is also sufficiently high in mechanical strength.
  • the movable conductor has the portion which is next to the first plate-shaped portion on which the movable contact is provided, and is curved inwardly with respect to the first plate-shaped portion to form the step.
  • the step thus formed protects the movable conductor from the arc gas produced at the contact.
  • the synthetic resin casing has the partition wall with the slit which is engaged with the portion of the movable conductor which is made perpendicular to the bottom of the casing and is located between the movable contact of the movable member and the cross bar, and the slit is limited in width to such an extent that the movable member is movable therein.
  • the partition wall prevents the arc gas produced at the contact from flowing to the tripping device.

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  • Breakers (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Disjoncteur, comprenant :
    un élément fixe (2) ayant un contact fixe (2a) à une portion d'extrémité de celui-ci, ledit élément fixe (2) étant prévu sur le côte du fond (1b) d'un boítier (1) en résine synthétique ;
    un élément mobile (13) comprenant une première et une seconde portion en forme de plaque (13d, 13b) qui sont formées soit en tordant la portion du milieu (13e) d'une plaque métallique soit en forgeant un matériau métallique de sorte que lesdites portions en forme de plaque (13d, 13b) sont agencées selon un angle de 90° l'une à l'autre, ladite première portion en forme de plaque (13d) ayant un contact mobile (13a) qui est fixé à son extrémité par matage d'une manière telle que ledit contact mobile (13a) est opposé audit contact fixe (2a), les première et seconde portions en forme de plaque (13d, 13b) sont formées d'une manière telle que le centre dudit contact mobile (13a) se situe sur la ligne centrale dudit élément mobile (13) ; et où
    une barre transversale (11) qui supporte l'extrémité de ladite seconde portion en forme de plaque (13b) est couplée à un mécanisme de commutation (8) et est adaptée pour actionner ledit élément mobile (13) de sorte que ledit contact mobile (13a) soit amené en et hors prise avec ledit contact fixe (2a).
  2. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément mobile précité (13) a une portion qui est proche de ladite première portion en forme de plaque (13d) sur laquelle ledit contact mobile (13a) est formé, et est courbée vers l'intérieur par rapport à ladite première portion en forme de plaque (13d), en réalisant ainsi un palier (13f).
  3. Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit boítier (1) en résine synthétique présente une paroi de séparation (1e) ayant une fente (1d) qui est engagée avec la portion dudit élément mobile (13) qui est rendue perpendiculaire au fond dudit boítier (1) et est située entre ledit contact mobile (13a) dudit élément mobile (13) et ladite barre transversale (11), la largeur de ladite fente (1d) étant choisie de façon que ledit élément mobile (13) puisse se déplacer dans celle-ci.
  4. Elément mobile (13) adapté pour être installé dans un disjoncteur pour ouvrir et fermer un circuit en coopération avec un élément fixe (2) ayant un contact fixe (2a), ledit élément mobile (13) comprenant :
    une première portion en forme de plaque (13d) sur laquelle un contact mobile (13a) est prévu ; et
    une seconde portion en forme de plaque (13b) orientée selon 90° par rapport à ladite première portion en forme de plaque (13d), ladite seconde portion en forme de plaque (13b) définissant une ligne centrale ; où
    lesdites première et seconde portions en forme de plaque (13d, 13b) sont intégralement reliées l'une à l'autre par une portion de connexion (13e) d'une manière telle qu'un centre dudit contact mobile (13a) soit sensiblement situé sur ladite ligne centrale ;
    ledit contact mobile (13a) est fixé à l'extrémité de ladite première portion en forme de plaque (13d) par matage ; et
    ledit élément mobile (13) est formé en tordant la portion du milieu (13e) d'une plaque métallique, laquelle portion est située entre les première et seconde portions en forme de plaque précitées (13d, 13b) et correspond à ladite portion de connexion (13e).
  5. Elément mobile (13) adapté pour être installé dans un disjoncteur pour ouvrir et fermer un circuit en coopération avec un élément fixe (2) ayant un contact fixe (2a), ledit élément mobile (13) comprenant :
    une première portion en forme de plaque (13d) sur laquelle un contact mobile (13a) est prévu ; et
    une seconde portion en forme de plaque (13d) orientée selon 90° par rapport à ladite première portion en forme de plaque (13d), ladite seconde portion en forme de plaque (13b) définissant une ligne centrale ; où
    lesdites première et seconde portions en forme de plaque (13d, 13b) sont intégralement reliées l'une à l'autre par une portion de connexion (13e) de telle manière qu'un centre dudit contact mobile (13a) soit sensiblement situé sur ladite ligne centrale ;
    ledit contact mobile (13a) est fixé à l'extrémité de ladite première portion en forme de plaque (13d) par matage ; et
    ledit élément mobile (13) est fermé en forgeant un matériau métallique.
EP94119681A 1994-08-30 1994-12-13 Disjoncteur Expired - Lifetime EP0709868B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20511794A JP3230197B2 (ja) 1994-08-30 1994-08-30 回路遮断器
JP205117/94 1994-08-30
JP20511794 1994-08-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0709868A1 EP0709868A1 (fr) 1996-05-01
EP0709868B1 EP0709868B1 (fr) 1998-04-08
EP0709868B2 true EP0709868B2 (fr) 2002-10-16

Family

ID=16501709

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94119681A Expired - Lifetime EP0709868B2 (fr) 1994-08-30 1994-12-13 Disjoncteur

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0709868B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP3230197B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR0170540B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1039858C (fr)
DE (1) DE69409526T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1010073A1 (fr)
SG (1) SG48879A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW288148B (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6124930B2 (ja) * 2014-05-02 2017-05-10 日新製鋼株式会社 マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼板およびメタルガスケット

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3311729A (en) † 1965-10-04 1967-03-28 Deringer Mfg Company Electrical contact and method of forming the same
US3329913A (en) † 1966-01-28 1967-07-04 Heinemann Electric Co Circuit breaker mechanism
FR2052477A5 (fr) † 1969-06-04 1971-04-09 Engelhard Min & Chem
DE2525810B2 (de) † 1975-06-06 1978-11-16 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Schneidengelagertes Klappankerschfitz höherer Leistung
JPS53144446A (en) † 1977-05-24 1978-12-15 Kurata Denshi Kk Stamping of l or t shaped element with cylindrical handle and said element produced by said stamping
US4259557A (en) † 1978-05-19 1981-03-31 Tetsuo Takano Rectangular electric contact for switch
FR2541520A1 (fr) † 1983-02-21 1984-08-24 Merlin Gerin Piece de contact electrique et son procede de fabrication
JPH05101764A (ja) † 1991-10-08 1993-04-23 Toshiba Corp 回路遮断器の可動接触子の製造方法
US5286934A (en) † 1991-09-23 1994-02-15 General Electric Company Molded case circuit breaker movable contact arm arrangement

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB207363A (en) * 1922-11-07 1923-11-29 William Preston Improvements in or relating to electric switches
DE1138139B (de) * 1960-05-13 1962-10-18 Licentia Gmbh Aus Flachmaterial bestehende Kontaktanordnung
GB926076A (en) * 1960-08-25 1963-05-15 Bryant Electric Co Electric circuit breakers
US3464040A (en) * 1967-09-21 1969-08-26 Gen Electric Compact circuit breaker construction
US3564184A (en) * 1969-01-27 1971-02-16 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
US5302787A (en) * 1992-05-05 1994-04-12 Square D Company Automatic miniature circuit breaker with Z-axis assemblable contact assembly

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3311729A (en) † 1965-10-04 1967-03-28 Deringer Mfg Company Electrical contact and method of forming the same
US3329913A (en) † 1966-01-28 1967-07-04 Heinemann Electric Co Circuit breaker mechanism
FR2052477A5 (fr) † 1969-06-04 1971-04-09 Engelhard Min & Chem
DE2525810B2 (de) † 1975-06-06 1978-11-16 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Schneidengelagertes Klappankerschfitz höherer Leistung
JPS53144446A (en) † 1977-05-24 1978-12-15 Kurata Denshi Kk Stamping of l or t shaped element with cylindrical handle and said element produced by said stamping
US4259557A (en) † 1978-05-19 1981-03-31 Tetsuo Takano Rectangular electric contact for switch
FR2541520A1 (fr) † 1983-02-21 1984-08-24 Merlin Gerin Piece de contact electrique et son procede de fabrication
US5286934A (en) † 1991-09-23 1994-02-15 General Electric Company Molded case circuit breaker movable contact arm arrangement
JPH05101764A (ja) † 1991-10-08 1993-04-23 Toshiba Corp 回路遮断器の可動接触子の製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Precis de construction mécanique,2:Méthodes,fabrication et normalisaton 9ème Edition, Nathan-Afnor 1979, pages 72-74 †
Prior public use described bs statement of Mr. Marc Serpinet and 6 drawings †

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR0170540B1 (ko) 1999-03-30
EP0709868B1 (fr) 1998-04-08
DE69409526D1 (de) 1998-05-14
CN1039858C (zh) 1998-09-16
DE69409526T2 (de) 1998-08-06
TW288148B (fr) 1996-10-11
JP3230197B2 (ja) 2001-11-19
SG48879A1 (en) 1998-05-18
DE69409526T3 (de) 2003-06-12
JPH0869740A (ja) 1996-03-12
HK1010073A1 (en) 1999-06-11
KR960008890A (ko) 1996-03-22
EP0709868A1 (fr) 1996-05-01
CN1123457A (zh) 1996-05-29

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