EP0698700B1 - Floor construction and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The structure forms each storey-layer from individual base elements (20), which are supported and fastened between two rows of vertical pillars. The elements have continuous concrete, or steel-reinforced concrete, panels (21), whose length corresponds to the internal width between both rows of pillars. The panels cover beam arrangements, consisting of two U-shaped channels (22), which each have one flange (23) bonded to the panel by shaped elements (24). The web (25) between the flanges of each channel runs vertically, and is arranged flush with a side edge of the panel. The endwall of each panel has an integrated tensioning member (34), and the adjacent channels of neighbouring base elements are bolted to one another.

Description

The invention relates to one of individual basic elements composite ceiling or floor construction between two rows of vertical supports, the basic elements the ceiling construction from a plate-shaped cover Reinforced concrete (hereinafter also referred to only briefly as a concrete slab) and a steel beam assembly that is between one column is attached to each row of columns, have, as well as a method for producing the ceiling structure.

A parking garage construction is known in which between one vertical column from each of two rows of columns, e.g. External or gable wall supports and internal or central supports, essentially horizontally aligned 1-shaped Ceiling beams are screwed. Two concrete slabs from Half the length of the ceiling beams are with one each upper web of two adjacent ceiling beams to one Support structure united. When assembling the known First the horizontal ceiling girders are constructed screwed to the vertical supports. After that, the Put concrete slabs on the ceiling beams and it becomes a Composite construction between ceiling beams and concrete slabs, i.e. an association to absorb tensile forces suitable steel girders with those to hold Pressure plates made of suitable concrete slabs.

The composite construction is produced in one case by that when lowering the concrete slabs onto the ceiling beams Possibly multi-course cast in the concrete slabs Steel wire loops over the webs of the ceiling beams welded head pin dowels are pushed, so that the loops when the concrete slabs rest on the Ceiling beams arranged around the headed studs are. The composite construction is completed by the cavity between two concrete slabs arranged side by side ("next to" means transverse to the direction of the ceiling beams) is poured with a suitable concrete mass, with the headed dowels and the loops from the concrete mass be recorded with. In addition, the parting line must be added between the two arranged one behind the other Concrete slabs of each basic element are poured (so-called Mortar lock).

The disadvantage of this construction is that a pourable concrete mass for the production of the composite construction must be kept ready at the construction site. As another Another disadvantage is that the stud bolts and the loops are still made of concrete when dismantled are added, and both the ceiling beams and the Concrete slabs for the same purpose without considerable effort (e.g. separation of the concrete grout from the steel girder) not reusable are.

In another case, the composite construction is carried out a variety of screw connections along the side edges the concrete slabs or along the ceiling beams. In order to have a flat ceiling surface when loaded the ceiling beams become light in one go bent state screwed to the vertical supports. The concrete slabs are thereon as flat slabs hung up. Because of the multitude of screw connections a considerable amount of time is required during assembly.

Although the ceiling girders differ in the edition of the heavy concrete slabs already in a practically straight position bend, it can be in the manufacture of the composite structure, i.e. when screwing the flat concrete slabs with the ceiling beams to break the concrete slabs and thus take more time to assemble.

In both cases, when installing the known Multi-storey car park construction - per deck or basic element: a ceiling beam and two concrete slabs - e.g. With a mobile crane can be transported to the installation site. This involves three transport processes for each cover element appropriate time required.

From DE-PS 956 685 is made of a reinforced concrete slab and two existing I-shaped steel beams below Precast reinforced concrete part for mounting on horizontal Main carriers or known among trusses. The the Steel beams that form composite structures are in a distance from the edges of the reinforced concrete slab. To form a coherent ceiling, the Reinforced concrete slabs over the entire length or width of Clamping elements (edge steel, wires, ropes) pulled through and clamped, the mounting holes for the Clamping elements are cast in a known manner. Besides other connection points (especially corners) shed. Easy disassembly and reusability the finished parts are therefore not possible.

From US-PS 1 912 290 is also a flat, prefabricated reinforced concrete element with laterally arranged U-shaped steel profiles for resting on horizontal Ceiling beams known. The side U-profiles form with the reinforced concrete slab no composite construction of the entrance defined type, since both, the reinforced concrete slab as also the U-profiles, for Absorption of both tensile forces and Pressure loads are used. In addition, the US PS no indication of a positive connection between concrete and Steel profiles. The reinforced concrete slabs are kept shorter than the steel profiles. The oneself cavity left after laying on the ceiling beams is then shed. Easy disassembly and The components are therefore also reusable here not possible.

When redesigning neighborhoods it can be big Be an advantage if a building is not demolished must, among other things a significant bout of hard to recycle Material arises, but is dismantled in such a way that its parts can be reused. It is also then the case if construction projects with a limited building permit queue. Such a disassembly is in the known Constructions, as already explained in detail, not possible.

Finally, FR-A-417 126 is one composed of individual basic elements Ceiling construction between rows of vertical Known supports, the basic elements being a plate made of concrete and a the concrete slab comprising support frames made of attachable to the supports Has steel beams. The support frame is - as with US-A-1 912 290 - at the same height as the concrete slab, so that these basic elements do not Form a composite construction of the type defined at the beginning. The side lengths of the Basic elements are different: the shorter length corresponds to the clear one Width between the supports and the longer side length of the clear width plus twice the thickness of the supports. A gapless area cover, the basic elements of the known ceiling construction crosswise, i.e. with alternately aligned at right angles to each other Main extension to be installed. This results in every joint two basic elements an offset or paragraph on the side edge of the Thickness of a prop. The missing area due to the paragraph must are either formed elsewhere or it is surface use inaccessible. The basic elements are above and below each other tabs arranged on the flanges of the steel girders of the supporting frame screwable. To attach the basic elements to the supports and to be able to screw together, but - because the steel girders occupy the same height range as the concrete slab - cavities in the Concrete slab are brought in, which leads to incompleteness of the Surface leads. The connecting tabs also provide a local one Raising the level of the road surface, which is too uncomfortable when driving over Bumps leads.

The present invention has for its object a To create ceiling construction of the type mentioned and to provide a process for their manufacture, at the or with which the assembly of a multi-storey building is essential simplified and the time for assembly accordingly can be shortened and its individual elements without restriction can be used elsewhere can.

This object is achieved in that the Covering of the basic elements from a continuous reinforced concrete slab exists, the length of which is at least the clear Corresponds to the distance between the two rows of supports, that the carrier arrangement per basic element from two U-shaped Supports exist, each with an upper flange a one-piece, through shaped elements on the flanges brought about composite construction with the concrete slab form, the one located between the flanges of each beam Bridge below the concrete slab perpendicular to it Main extension and flush to the respective side edges the concrete slab is arranged that the concrete slab has an integrated tendon at its ends and that the respective adjacent carrier two Basic elements are screwed together.

Due to the described length of the concrete slab, each basic element only one plate required. Through the ready-to-install composite construction of the beams the concrete slab is only for mounting a basic element a single part with the crane to the installation site to transport. This reduces the number of Transport movements for a basic element area considerably.

Characterized in that the U-shaped carrier below in the area of Tensile stress and the concrete slab in the area of Pressure load is arranged, there is a used load profile adapted materials according to the composite construction defined above.

The flush arrangement of the webs of the U-beams with the side edges The concrete slab makes it simple, detachable Screw connection between the individual basic elements a floor or ceiling area possible. This screw connection causes in connection with the integrated at the foreheads Tendons a closed tension band or Ring anchors around the entire surface to form a large one Disc stability and prevents when driving over Load, e.g. of a vehicle on a parking floor, a one Shock-forming, uneven bending of neighboring ones Basic elements. Seen statically, this results from the Screw the same load option as with a common, correspondingly large I-shaped support between two neighboring basic elements.

Since the concrete slabs of neighboring basic elements each with associated with their own bearers, there is no unsolvable one Connection between the individual basic elements, see above that these can be dismantled without difficulty if necessary and reassembled elsewhere without restriction or can be reused. Although the well-known screwing of concrete slabs on beams that are on the border two adjacent floor elements lie, even after one first use and disassembly of a possible Reconstruction is theoretically possible, usually a warp both parts (concrete slab, girder) of an unrestricted Reusability counter.

Advantageous developments of the invention are in the subclaims described. So the one-piece composite construction preferably by the form fit between the concrete of the slabs and welded to the beams Head bolts are brought about.

According to a preferred embodiment, the tendon is by a shaped element or a headed bolt bent reinforcement steel formed on both beams.

A particularly simple assembly of the basic elements on the vertical supports is guaranteed if the U-shaped Beams are provided at their ends with head plates that be screwed directly to the supports.

Are preferably next to each other between adjacent carriers arranged basic elements spacers provided. This gives a gap of a definable width, the joint being made by simply pressing it in can be closed by finished profiles. Through the Grouting is also an option for subsequent checks for corrosion of the steel parts given.

To increase stability, the spacers are stiffeners in assigned to the U-shaped beams.

To completely cover the floor area, the concrete slabs are longer than the clear distance between the rows of supports, being at their corners Have recesses for the supports.

The object underlying the invention is further enhanced by a method solved to create a ceiling structure, in which the reinforced concrete slabs in one each immediately below the two U-shaped beams, the flanges of which facing each other, arranged formwork, the side walls with their inner surfaces with the outer surfaces of the webs of the beams aligned, cast to form the composite structure with the beams and at the level of the flanges below the carrier before the hardening of the Concrete are smoothed, the formwork after the concrete has hardened is removed after a 180 ° around its longitudinal axis from the manufacturing position turned and each consisting of reinforced concrete slab and two beams and basic elements formed in this way with the supports pointing downward (i.e. in the opposite position to the pouring phase) on vertical supports releasably attached and the straps at their ends and in the middle with neighboring Bolted basic elements arranged side by side become. The reinforced concrete slab is facing away from the beams Side according to a preferred embodiment with a profiled surface poured.

According to an advantageous development of the method, the reinforced concrete slab made on the side facing away from the beams with a profiled surface.

Fig. 1

einen Geschoßbau mit Reihen von Stützen in einem frühen Montagestadium in einer perspektivischen Darstellung,

Fig. 2

ein Grundelement der Deckenkonstruktion in einer perspektivischen Darstellung in Einbaulage,

Fig. 3

ein Grundelement nach dem Gießen der Betonplatte in Fertigungslage in einem Querschnitt (der Querschnitt in der linken Hälfte ist vor einem Aussteifungsblech und in der rechten Zeichnungshälfte hinter dem letzten Aussteifungsblech gelegt) und

Fig. 4

ein Abdichtelement in einer von zwei Grundelementen gebildeten Fuge.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below. Show it

Fig. 1

a storey building with rows of supports in an early stage of assembly in a perspective view,

Fig. 2

a basic element of the ceiling construction in a perspective view in the installed position,

Fig. 3

a basic element after casting the concrete slab in the production position in a cross section (the cross section in the left half is in front of a stiffening plate and in the right half of the drawing behind the last stiffening plate) and

Fig. 4

a sealing element in a joint formed by two basic elements.

In Fig. 1 is part of a particular as a parking garage provided storey building with omission for the invention insignificant parts shown.

The storey building 10 has a first row of exterior or End wall supports 11 and a second row of interior or Center supports 12, each on foot plates 13 Foundation beams 14 are screwed vertically. Between the first two supports of both rows 11, 12 is in a floor height 15 a floor or Basic ceiling element 20 (hereinafter only basic element called) shown in solid lines. As with dash-dotted lines are in the Floor height 15 next to that shown with solid lines Basic element 20 further basic elements, so that a closed floor area forms. The same there are 15 more above and possibly below the floor height provided with basic elements 20 storey heights.

The basic element 20 consists (see FIGS. 2 and 3) essentially from a reinforced concrete slab 21 (hereinafter only again briefly referred to as a concrete slab) and two U-beams 22. The U-beams 22 have on the outer surfaces of the flange 23 facing the concrete slab 23 a Row of headed studs 24, the foot of which with the flange is welded.

The two are in the manufacture of the base element 20 U-beam 22 arranged at the same height so that their Flanges 23 each point to the other U-beam and the outside of the located between the flanges 23 Web 25 have a distance which is the width of the Concrete slab 21 corresponds. The head bolts 24 are on the lower flanges 23 attached. Under the straps 22 there is one with dash-dotted lines for casting indicated formwork 35 with inserted steel reinforcement 26. The formwork 35 is poured with concrete and it is created the reinforced concrete slab 21, which the head bolts 24th includes form-fitting and so with a composite construction the U-beams 22 forms. The excess concrete is in Wiped off the height of the lower legs 23. The bottom of the Formwork 35 has a profiled surface 36, so that at the later surface of the concrete slab 21, a profiled driving surface results. After the concrete has hardened and removing the formwork becomes the basic element 20th about its longitudinal axis by 180 ° from the production position in the Installation position rotated and is ready for installation.

The basic element has on the outer surface of a U-beam 22 20 - distributed over the length - spacer plates 27 on, a stiffening plate in the interior of both U-beams 28 can be assigned. The spacer plates 27 are preferably welded to the webs 25.

Head plates 29 are located on the end faces of the U-beams 22 intended. When installing a base element 20 this via the head plates 29 to the supports 11 and 12 screwed on. So that the concrete slabs 21 also the space between the supports 11 and 12 of the individual rows of supports The area of the concrete slabs is 21 larger than the clear width between the rows of supports 11 or 12. Around the basic elements 20 between the supports 11, 12 to be able to mount, they have at their corners a recess 30. For floor areas where the End faces of the basic elements 20 on end faces of a multi-storey building ends, is the length of the basic elements and corresponding the recess 30 larger than in basic elements in a so-called central aisle.

After mounting at least two side by side Basic elements 20 become the adjacent U-beams 22 with the interposition of the spacer plates 27 screwed together. This connection is again solvable. The two adjacent U-beams 22 result statically, the same effect as that a common I-beam, but the invention Training a disassembly of the ceiling floor and allowed to rebuild it elsewhere.

Into the concrete slabs 21 of two adjacent basic elements 20 formed joint 31, a sealing profile 32 is clamped (see Fig. 4) to a closed floor area to reach. The sealing profile 32 can have a flat head 33 to form a groove in the joint prevent.

At the ends of the concrete slabs 21 is a tendon or a tension strut 34 in the form of a reinforcing steel inserted, each around a head bolt 24 of each U-beam is laid. When screwing the basic elements 20 results thereby along the ends of the basic elements Effect of a tie rod over the entire length of the Ceiling area and with the U-beams 22 at the end of the ceiling area the effect of a drawstring or ring anchor around the Ceiling area.

Claims (9)

1. A ceiling construction composed of separate basic elements (20) and located betwen two rows of vertical pillars (11, 12), the basic elements (20) comprising a plate-shaped covering of concrete (21) and a steel supporting arrangement (22) which is attached at either end to an upright pillar (11 or 12) forming part of the two rows of vertical pillars (11,12),
   characteristed in

   that the covering of the basic elements (20) consits of a continuous plate of concrete or reinforced concrete (21) with a length corresponding to at least the clearance space between the two rows of pillars (11,12),

   that the supporting arrangement for each basic element consists of two U-shaped steel supports (22), each of which has a flange (23) and which with one flange each create a one-piece composite structure with the concrete plate thanks to the use of structural elements (24) on the flanges (23), whereby the leg (25) between the flanges (23) of each support (22) is positioned beneath the concrete plate (21) vertical to its main extesion and flush with the relevant lateral edge of the concrete plate (21),

   that the concrete plate (21) has an integrated pre-stressing element (34) at ist front ends,

   and that every pair of neighbouring supports (22) for two basic elements (20) are bolted together.
2. A ceiling construction according to Claim 1, characterised in that the structural elements (24) take the form of headed bolts that are welded onto the supports (22).
3. A ceiling construction according to Claim 1, characterised in that the pre-stressing element (34) is made of reinforcement steel bent around a structural element (24) of each of the two supports (22).
4. A ceiling construction according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the U-shaped supports (22) are equipped with frontal plates (29) at their ends.
5. A ceiling construction according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, between the neighbouring supports (22) of the juxtapositioned basic elements (20), distance blocks (27) are included.
6. A ceiling construction according to Claim 4, characterised in that to the distance blocks (27) there are allocated reinforcing plates (28) in the U-shaped supports (22).
7. A ceiling construction according to any one of the previous Claims characterised in that the concrete plates (21) are provided with cut-outs (30) at their corners.
8. A method for the manufacture of a ceiling construction, particularly according to Claims 1 to 7, whereby

   a) the reinforced concrete plates (21) are each moulded in a forming (35) thereby with two U-shaped supports (22) together creating a composite structure and are smoothed off to the height of the low-positioned flanges (23) of the supports (22) before hardening of the concrete, the forming (35) being located immediately underneath the supports (22) the flanges of which are directed towards one another and the inner surfaces of the lateral walls of the forming (35) being alligned with the outer surfaces of the legs (25) of the supports (22),

   b) the forming (35) is removed following the hardening of the concrete,

   c) each basic element (20) formed of a reinforced concrete plate (21) and two supports (22) in that way and following a rotation of 180° about its longitudinal axis vis-à-vis its manufacturing position is detachably joined, with ist supports pointing downwards, to vertical pillars,

   d) and the supports (22) are bolted both at their ends and in their centres with adjacent supports (22) of basic elements (20) positioned side by side.
9. A method according to Claim 8, characterised in that the side of the reinforced concrete plate (21) facing away from the supports (22) is moulded with a profiled surface.

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