EP0104262B1 - Composite self-supporting slab - product - method - device - application - Google Patents

Composite self-supporting slab - product - method - device - application Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0104262B1
EP0104262B1 EP82107468A EP82107468A EP0104262B1 EP 0104262 B1 EP0104262 B1 EP 0104262B1 EP 82107468 A EP82107468 A EP 82107468A EP 82107468 A EP82107468 A EP 82107468A EP 0104262 B1 EP0104262 B1 EP 0104262B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
building
plate part
strip
girder
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EP82107468A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0104262A1 (en
Inventor
Dittmar Dipl.-Ing. Ruffer
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP82107468A priority Critical patent/EP0104262B1/en
Priority to AT82107468T priority patent/ATE20106T1/en
Priority to DE8282107468T priority patent/DE3271371D1/en
Publication of EP0104262A1 publication Critical patent/EP0104262A1/en
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Publication of EP0104262B1 publication Critical patent/EP0104262B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ

Definitions

  • the invention relates to self-supporting building boards and their manufacture, which can be used to bridge bridges and openings freely and can be used for the construction of ceilings, walls, roofs, trusses, containers, bridges and for other construction purposes.
  • hollow panels are known, which are usually made of reinforced concrete and have cavities inside. These hollow panels can be assembled without intermediate support, but must be transported to the construction site in a prefabricated state, which results in problems due to the high weight of such hollow panels during removal and assembly. In addition, such hollow panels can only be connected at their ends by pouring concrete, and these connection points result in "joint-like" weak points.
  • ribbed slabs are already known, which to a certain extent represent lost formwork that is poured with concrete at the construction site.
  • Such ribbed plates result in an advantageous unit when poured with concrete, but they require an intermediate support with an empty scaffold during assembly. The same applies to simple panels with cast-in lattice girders in the direction of wear, which are also poured out on site.
  • DE-A-1609571 already shows a disassembled self-supporting building board according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object on which the invention was based was now to obtain self-supporting building boards and to manufacture them, which avoid the disadvantages of the above-described building board types and are poured in place can, but without the need for intermediate support by an empty scaffold.
  • These disassembled self-supporting building boards according to the invention can surprisingly be assembled and poured out without intermediate support, whereby they can either be adapted to the size of the ceiling or as strip strips.
  • these building boards will have a plurality of second board parts designed as strips, which run in the direction of wear. Formwork lost to produce the hollow panels, which result in the cavities, is inserted between the second panel parts.
  • the building boards according to the invention also have the advantage that they directly form a ceiling with the outer surface of the first plate part, which can be cleaned, so that no additional suspended ceilings are required.
  • the building boards according to the invention immediately give the final ceiling thickness when pouring.
  • the holder parts serve simultaneously with the spacing between the first plate part and the second plate part to absorb additional thrust forces.
  • the bracket parts can also contain reinforcement to increase the load capacity.
  • the bracket parts can be shaped differently, but they must have a recess open on one side in order to insert the lattice girders. In the end position, the bracket parts must grip around the lattice girders.
  • the recesses in the mounting parts can be designed differently, for example circularly with a lateral opening, but a practical design of the mounting part is that with a substantially U-shaped cross section.
  • the building material of the first plate part (5) as well as the second plate part designed as a plate strip is usually made of reinforced concrete, so that the mounting parts suitably consist of concrete and preferably of concrete U-stones.
  • lattice girders can be used as lattice girders, and these have an essentially triangular cross-section with a rod arranged after installation along the concrete strip at the apex of the angle legs and two essentially parallel rods which form the free edges.
  • the rod at the top of the lattice girder can now be attached either to the first plate part or to a second plate part.
  • the lattice girder is preferably fastened to the second plate part with the rods lying at its two free edges and to the first plate part with the rod at its apex.
  • the lattice girder is attached to these parts in such a way that its free edges or apex are executed together with the reinforcement of the first slab part or as a slab strip second plate part are poured into their concrete.
  • connection of several such building panels at the end of the second panel parts is carried out in the same way by pouring concrete, wherein reinforcements can also be inserted here and / or the reinforcements of the first panel part and the second panel part can protrude at their ends and thus the connection between these ends and create the poured area between two adjacent building boards.
  • reinforcements can also be inserted here and / or the reinforcements of the first panel part and the second panel part can protrude at their ends and thus the connection between these ends and create the poured area between two adjacent building boards.
  • the second board part is kept shorter than the first board part in the direction of wear.
  • the construction boards according to the invention can expediently be produced in the following manner.
  • the formwork for the second slab part is produced in the required number, and the reinforcement of the second slab part and the lattice girder assigned to each second slab part with its two free edges, i. H. with its top up, inlaid.
  • the bracket parts are inserted so that they grip around the respective lattice girder perpendicular to the building board level. If it is expedient for the mounting parts to be U-stones, these are placed in the formwork for the second plate parts in such a way that they stand with the free legs in the formwork.
  • This formwork is then filled with the building material, usually concrete, and cured.
  • the second plate parts with the reinforcement, lattice girders and mounting parts concreted in are then removed from the formwork and rotated by 180 °.
  • the formwork for the first plate part is prepared in the desired size, and the desired number of second plate parts is inserted into this formwork of the first plate part with the support parts and lattice girders pointing downwards.
  • the building material, preferably concrete, of the first plate part is filled into this formwork and cured. After removal from the formwork, the building board according to the invention is then ready for use.
  • spacers in the production of the building boards according to the invention during the filling and hardening of the building material of the first plate part, which ends the second plate part in the Keep the desired distance from the first plate part to be cast.
  • An expedient embodiment of such a spacer consists of a vertical rod with a standing device at one end, a stop for the outer surface of the second plate part at the other end and a toggle which can be displaced on the rod. This gag can be struck with a few strokes along the vertical rod up to the second plate part so that its free end is fixed between the stop and the gag.
  • a spacer is used, the gag of which consists of a part comprising the rod, the recess penetrated by the rod having two mutually substantially parallel inner walls, which are not perpendicular but at an angle to the upper contact surface of the gag for the end of the plate strip.
  • the inside wall of the toggle which lies on the side of the rod on which the end of the plate strip rests on the toggle, forms an obtuse angle with the contact surface of the toggle.
  • the resolved self-supporting building panel shown in the drawing according to the invention consists of a first panel part (5) with reinforcement (4) and a second panel part or panel strip (1) designed as a strip, each with reinforcement (2), wherein in 'Fig . 1 of the drawing, only two of these second plate parts (1) are shown.
  • the building board consists of mounting parts (12) in the form of U-stones and lattice girders (3), a lattice girder (3) and several mounting parts (12) being assigned to each plate strip (1).
  • Lost formwork (10-11) can be inserted into the self-supporting building board to form cavities.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 which show the production of the building board according to the invention, first the lattice girder (3) with its two free edges (18) downwards together with the reinforcement (2) is inserted into the formwork for the second board part (1 ) inserted (Fig. 4). Then the holder parts (12), which have trough designs (14) in the drawing, are placed with the open side downwards at certain intervals from one another over the lattice girder (3) and placed in the formwork of the second plate part (1) (FIG. 5 ). 5 along the line VI-VI results in the image shown in Fig. 6, which shows that the U-stones are placed over the lattice girder (3) at their narrowest points.
  • the second slab part with the lattice girder concreted in and the concreted-in mounting parts is rotated by 180 ° and placed on the reinforcement 4 in the formwork of the first slab part (5), as is shown in Fig. 7.
  • the apex (19) of the lattice girder (3) is connected to the reinforcement (4) of the first plate part (5) with the help of an S- or Z-shaped bracket (13) with a curved web, as best seen in FIG. 8 is.
  • FIG. 9 shows how the self-supporting building boards according to the invention are placed on walls (16) via mortar connections (17) and connected to one another in the area of the reference number (15). It is expedient that the second plate part (1) as shown in Fig. 9 is shorter than the first plate part (5) and that the reinforcements protrude at the ends of the first plate part (5) and the second plate part (1) .
  • the spacer shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is expediently used, which consists of a rod (6) with a standing device (8) and an upper stop (7) and a slidably mounted toggle (9).
  • This has a through opening through which the rod (6) passes, and the inner sides of this opening are at an angle ( ⁇ ) to the bearing surface for the end of the second plate part (1), the inside of the recess being in the region of the end of the second plate part lies with the contact surface enclosing an obtuse angle alpha.
  • the opposite inside of the recess is parallel to this, so that under the pressure of the resting end of the second plate part the gag is wedged on the rod (6), but can easily be released again by one or more hammer blows on the outer upper end.
  • This dissolved self-supporting building board can be used as a ceiling, wall or bridge board or also as a support, the first board part (5) being curved in cross-section or being bent one or more times.
  • the second plate part (1) is interrupted, as the top view in FIG. 11 shows.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

1. Resolved selfsupporting building plate consisting of a first plate part (5) and at least of a second plate part (1) connected with it by a braced girder (3), whereby said braced girder (3) is fastened to both plate parts (1, 5), characterized in that said braced girder (3) is arranged along said second plate part formed as a strip, which at least is also connected with said first plate part (5) by a holding part (12), that encompasses said braced girder (3) in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the building plate and is attached to both said building plates (1, 5).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft selbsttragende Bauplatten sowie deren Herstellung, die zur freien Überbrückung von Päumen und Öffnungen verwendet werden können und zum Bau von Decken, Wänden, Dächern, Fachwerkträgern, Behältern, Brücken und zu anderen Bauzwecken verwendbar sind.The invention relates to self-supporting building boards and their manufacture, which can be used to bridge bridges and openings freely and can be used for the construction of ceilings, walls, roofs, trusses, containers, bridges and for other construction purposes.

Insbesondere zur Verwendung als Raumdecken sind Hohlplatten bekannt, die gewöhnlich aus Stahlbeton sind und im Inneren Hohlräume besitzen. Diese Hohlplatten können ohne Zwischenunterstützung montiert werden, müssen aber in vorgefertigtem Zustand zur Baustelle transportiert werden, was infolge des hohen Gewichtes solcher Hohlplatten beim Abtransport und der Montage Probleme ergibt. Außerdem lassen sich solche Hohlplatten lediglich an ihren Enden durch Ausgießen mit Beton verbinden, und diese Verbindungsstellen ergeben « gelenkartige » Schwachstellen.In particular, for use as ceilings, hollow panels are known, which are usually made of reinforced concrete and have cavities inside. These hollow panels can be assembled without intermediate support, but must be transported to the construction site in a prefabricated state, which results in problems due to the high weight of such hollow panels during removal and assembly. In addition, such hollow panels can only be connected at their ends by pouring concrete, and these connection points result in "joint-like" weak points.

Es sind zur freien Überbrückung von Räumen auch bereits Rippenplatten bekannt, die gewissermaßen eine verlorene Schalung darstellen, die an der Baustelle mit Beton ausgegossen wird. Derartige Rippenplatten ergeben beim Ausgießen mit Beton eine vorteilhafte Einheit, doch bedürfen sie bei der Montage einer Zwischenunterstützung mit einem Leergerüst. Das gleiche gilt für einfache Platten mit eingegossenen Gitterträgern in Tragerichtung, die ebenfalls an Ort ausgegossen werden.For free bridging of rooms, ribbed slabs are already known, which to a certain extent represent lost formwork that is poured with concrete at the construction site. Such ribbed plates result in an advantageous unit when poured with concrete, but they require an intermediate support with an empty scaffold during assembly. The same applies to simple panels with cast-in lattice girders in the direction of wear, which are also poured out on site.

Die DE-A-1609571 zeigt bereits eine aufgelöste selbsttragende Bauplatte gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe bestand nun darin, selbsttragende Bauplatten zu erhalten, sowie herzustellen die die Nachteile der oben beschriebenen Bauplattentypen vermeiden und an Ort und Stelle ausgegossen werden können, ohne aber bei der Montage einer Zwischenunterstützung durch ein Leergerüst zu bedürfen.DE-A-1609571 already shows a disassembled self-supporting building board according to the preamble of claim 1. The object on which the invention was based was now to obtain self-supporting building boards and to manufacture them, which avoid the disadvantages of the above-described building board types and are poured in place can, but without the need for intermediate support by an empty scaffold.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch den kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 bzw. 7 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing part of claims 1 and 7, respectively.

Diese erfindungsgemäßen aufgelösten selbsttragenden Bauplatten können überraschenderweise ohne Zwischenunterstützung montiert und ausgegossen werden, wobei sie entweder als Raumflächentafeln an die Raumdeckengröße angepaßt oder als Streifentafein verwendbar sind. Im Regelfall werden diese Bauplatten mehrere als streifen ausgeführte zweite Plattenteile aufweisen, die in Tragerichtung verlaufen. Zwischen den zweiten Plattenteilen werden zur Erzeugung von Hohlplatten verlorene Schalungen eingelegt, die die Hohlräume ergeben.These disassembled self-supporting building boards according to the invention can surprisingly be assembled and poured out without intermediate support, whereby they can either be adapted to the size of the ceiling or as strip strips. As a rule, these building boards will have a plurality of second board parts designed as strips, which run in the direction of wear. Formwork lost to produce the hollow panels, which result in the cavities, is inserted between the second panel parts.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Bauplatten haben weiterhin den Vorteil, daß sie mit der Außenfläche des ersten Plattenteils direkt eine Raumdecke ergeben, die putzfähig ist, daß also keine zusätzlichen abgehängten Decken erforderlich sind. Außerdem ergeben die erfindungsgemäßen Bauplatten beim Ausgießen unmittelbar die endültige Deckendicke.The building boards according to the invention also have the advantage that they directly form a ceiling with the outer surface of the first plate part, which can be cleaned, so that no additional suspended ceilings are required. In addition, the building boards according to the invention immediately give the final ceiling thickness when pouring.

Die Halterungsteile dienen gleichzeitig mit der Abstandshaltung zwischen dem ersten Plattenteil und dem zweiten Plattenteil einer Aufnahme zusätzlicher Schubkräfte. Die Halterungsteile können zur Erhöhung der Tragfähigkeit auch zusätzlich noch eine Bewehrung enthalten.The holder parts serve simultaneously with the spacing between the first plate part and the second plate part to absorb additional thrust forces. The bracket parts can also contain reinforcement to increase the load capacity.

Die Halterungsteile können unterschiedlich geformt sein, doch müssen sie eine einseitig offene Ausnehmung haben, um die Gitterträger einzufügen. In der Endlage müssen also die Halterungsteile die Gitterträger umgreifen. Die Ausnehmungen in den Halterungsteilen können unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein, wie beispielsweise kreisförmig mit einer seitlichen Öffnung, doch ist eine zweckmäßige Ausbildung des Halterungsteils diejenige mit im wesentlichen U-förmigen Querschnitt.The bracket parts can be shaped differently, but they must have a recess open on one side in order to insert the lattice girders. In the end position, the bracket parts must grip around the lattice girders. The recesses in the mounting parts can be designed differently, for example circularly with a lateral opening, but a practical design of the mounting part is that with a substantially U-shaped cross section.

Das Baustoffmaterial des ersten Plattenteils (5) wie auch des als Plattenstreifen ausgeführten zweiten Plattenteils besteht im Regelfall aus Stahlbeton, so daß auch die Halterungsteile zweckmäßig aus Beton und bevorzug aus Beton-U-Steinen bestehen.The building material of the first plate part (5) as well as the second plate part designed as a plate strip is usually made of reinforced concrete, so that the mounting parts suitably consist of concrete and preferably of concrete U-stones.

Als Gitterträger können alle bekannten Gitterträger verwendet werden, und diese besitzen im wesentlichen dreieckigen Querschnitt mit einer nach dem Einbau entlang dem Betonstreifen angeordneten Stange am Scheitel der Winkelschenkel sowie zwei hierzu im wesentlichen prallelen Stangen, die die freien Kanten bilden.All known lattice girders can be used as lattice girders, and these have an essentially triangular cross-section with a rod arranged after installation along the concrete strip at the apex of the angle legs and two essentially parallel rods which form the free edges.

Die Stange am Scheitel des Gitterträgers kann nun entweder am ersten Plattenteil oder an einem zweiten Plattenteil befestigt werden. Bevorzugt wird der Gitterträger mit den an seinen beiden freien Kanten liegenden Stangen an dem zweiten Plattenteil und mit der Stange an seinem Scheitel am ersten Plattenteil befestigt.The rod at the top of the lattice girder can now be attached either to the first plate part or to a second plate part. The lattice girder is preferably fastened to the second plate part with the rods lying at its two free edges and to the first plate part with the rod at its apex.

Da, wie oben erwähnt, die zweiten Plattenteile und die ersten Plattenteile im Regelfall aus bewehrtem Beton bestehen, wird der Gitterträger an diesen Teilen so befestigt, daß seine freien Kanten bzw. sein Scheitel zusammen mit der Bewehrung des ersten Plattenteils bzw. des als Plattenstreifen ausgeführten zweiten Plattenteils in deren Beton eingegossen werden.Since, as mentioned above, the second slab parts and the first slab parts usually consist of reinforced concrete, the lattice girder is attached to these parts in such a way that its free edges or apex are executed together with the reinforcement of the first slab part or as a slab strip second plate part are poured into their concrete.

Weiterhin ist es zweckmäßig, den Scheitel des Gitterträgers an der Bewehrung desjenigen Teils zu befestigen, in das der Scheitel des Gitterträgers eingegossen wird. Diese Befestigung erfolgt zeweckmäßig mit Hilfe einer im wesentlichen S-förmigen Halteklammer, deren die beiden Endteile verbindender Steg gebogen ausgebildet ist.Furthermore, it is expedient to fasten the apex of the lattice girder to the reinforcement of the part into which the apex of the lattice girder is cast. This attachment is carried out according to the purpose with the help of an essentially S-shaped retaining clip, the web connecting the two end parts of which is curved.

Bei der Montage der erfindungsgemäßen Bauplatten und zwar als Deckenplatte wird diese auf die fertiggestellten Wände aufgelegt, wonach in die Räume zwischen die Gitterträger beliebig geformte verlorene Schalungen für die Hohlräume eingelegt werden. Darüber kann zwischen die zweiten Plattenteile eine weitere Bewehrung eingelegt werden, wonach dann bis zur Höhe der Außenflächen der zweiten Plattenteile mit Beton ausgegossen wird.When assembling the building boards according to the invention, namely as a ceiling board, this is placed on the finished walls, after which any form of lost formwork for the cavities is inserted between the lattice girders. In addition, another reinforcement can be placed between the second plate parts be inserted, then poured up to the height of the outer surfaces of the second plate parts with concrete.

Die Verbindung mehrerer solcher Bauplatten am Ende der zweiten Plattenteile erfolgt in gleicher Weise durch Ausgießen mit Beton, wobei hier ebenfalls Bewehrungen eingelegt werden können und/oder die Bewehrungen des ersten Plattenteils und des zweiten Plattenteils an deren Enden herausragen können und so die Verbindung zwischen diesen Enden und dem ausgegossenen Bereich zwischen zwei benachbarten Bauplatten herstellen. Zur Erleichterung des Ausgießens des Bereiches zwischen zwei aufeinanderstoßenden Bauplatten ist es zweckmäßig, wenn der zweite Plattenteil kürzer als der erste Plattenteil in Tragerichtung gehalten wird.The connection of several such building panels at the end of the second panel parts is carried out in the same way by pouring concrete, wherein reinforcements can also be inserted here and / or the reinforcements of the first panel part and the second panel part can protrude at their ends and thus the connection between these ends and create the poured area between two adjacent building boards. To facilitate the pouring out of the area between two abutting building boards, it is expedient if the second board part is kept shorter than the first board part in the direction of wear.

Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Bauplatten kann zweckmäßig auf folgende Weise erfolgen. Zunächst wird die Schalung für den zweiten Plattenteil in der erforderlichen Zahl hergestellt und in diese Schalungen die Bewehrung des zweiten Plattenteils und der jedem zweiten Plattenteil zugeordnete Gitterträger mit seinen beiden freien Kanten, d. h. mit seinem Scheitel nach oben, eingelegt. Außerdem werden die Halterungsteile so eingelegt, daß sie den jeweiligen Gitterträger senkrecht zur Bauplattenebene umgreifen. Wenn es sich bei den Halterungsteilen zweckmäßig um U-Steine handelt, werden diese so in die Schalung für die zweiten Plattenteile eingelegt, daß sie mit den freien Schenkeln in der Schalung stehen.The construction boards according to the invention can expediently be produced in the following manner. First, the formwork for the second slab part is produced in the required number, and the reinforcement of the second slab part and the lattice girder assigned to each second slab part with its two free edges, i. H. with its top up, inlaid. In addition, the bracket parts are inserted so that they grip around the respective lattice girder perpendicular to the building board level. If it is expedient for the mounting parts to be U-stones, these are placed in the formwork for the second plate parts in such a way that they stand with the free legs in the formwork.

Sodann wird diese Schalung mit dem Baustoffmaterial, gewöhnlich Beton, gefüllt und dieser ausgehärtet. Nunmehr werden die als Plattenstreifen ausgeführten zweiten Plattenteile mit den darin einbetonierten Bewehrungen, Gitterträgern und Halterungsteilen aus den Schalungen entfernt und um 180° gedreht. Sodann wird die Schalung für den ersten Plattenteil in der erwünschten Größe angeferitgt, und die erwünschte Zahl von zweiten Plattenteilen wird mit nach unten weisenden Halterungsteilen und Gitterträgern im Abstand voneinander in diese Schalung des ersten Plattenteils eingelegt. Schließlich wird das Baustoffmaterial, vorzugsweise Beton, des ersten Plattenteils in diese Schalung eingefüllt und ausgehärtet. Nach der Entfernung aus der Schalung ist die erfindungsgemäße Bauplatte dann gebrauchsfertig.This formwork is then filled with the building material, usually concrete, and cured. The second plate parts with the reinforcement, lattice girders and mounting parts concreted in are then removed from the formwork and rotated by 180 °. Then the formwork for the first plate part is prepared in the desired size, and the desired number of second plate parts is inserted into this formwork of the first plate part with the support parts and lattice girders pointing downwards. Finally, the building material, preferably concrete, of the first plate part is filled into this formwork and cured. After removal from the formwork, the building board according to the invention is then ready for use.

Um die Verbindung zwischen der Bewehrung des in der zweiten Stufe zu gießenden ersten Plattenteils mit dem Gitterträger während der Herstellung zu erhöhen, ist es zweckmäßig, den Scheitel des Gitterträgers mit der Bewehrung des ersten Plattenteils mit Hilfe von im wesentlichen S-förmigen Halteklammern mit gebogenem Steg zu verbinden. Der Steg dieser Halteklammern ist der Abschnitt, der zwischen den Krümmungen in den Endabschnitten der insgesamt S- oder Z-förmigen Klammern liegt.In order to increase the connection between the reinforcement of the first slab part to be cast in the second stage with the lattice girder during manufacture, it is expedient to top the lattice girder with the reinforcement of the first slab part with the aid of essentially S-shaped retaining clips with a curved web connect to. The web of these retaining clips is the section that lies between the curvatures in the end sections of the overall S- or Z-shaped clips.

Insbesondere wenn die Halterungsteile einen relativ großen Abstand von den freien Enden des zweiten Plattenteils haben, ist es zweckmäßig, bei der Herstellung der erfingungsgemäßen Bauplatten während des Einfüllens und Erhärtens des Baustoffmaterials des ersten Plattenteils Abstandshalter zu verwenden, die den zweiten Plattenteil an seinen Ende in dem gewünschten Abstand von dem zu gießenden ersten Plattenteil halten. Eine zweckmäßige Ausführungsform eines solchen Abstandshalters besteht aus einem senkrechten Stab mit einer Standeinrichtung am einen Ende, einem Anschlag für die Außenfläche des zweiten Plattenteils am anderen Ende und einem auf dem Stab verschiebbaren Knebel. Dieser Knebel kann mit wenigen Schlägen entlang dem senkrechten Stab nach oben bis in Anlage an den zweiten Plattenteil geschlagen werden, so daß dessen freies Ende zwischen dem Anschlag und dem Knebel festgelegt ist.In particular, if the holding parts are at a relatively large distance from the free ends of the second plate part, it is expedient to use spacers in the production of the building boards according to the invention during the filling and hardening of the building material of the first plate part, which ends the second plate part in the Keep the desired distance from the first plate part to be cast. An expedient embodiment of such a spacer consists of a vertical rod with a standing device at one end, a stop for the outer surface of the second plate part at the other end and a toggle which can be displaced on the rod. This gag can be struck with a few strokes along the vertical rod up to the second plate part so that its free end is fixed between the stop and the gag.

Nach einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens verwendet man einen Abstandshalter, dessen Knebel aus einem den Stab umfassenden Teil besteht, dessen von dem Stab durchdrungene Ausnehmung zwei zueinander im wesentlichen parallele Innenwände besitzt, die nicht senkrecht sondern im Winkel zu der oberen Auflagefläche des Knebels für das Ende des Plattenstreifens stehen. Die Innenwand des Knebels, die an der Seite des Stabes liegt, an der das Ende des Plattenstreifens auf dem Knebel aufliegt, schließt einen stumpfen Winkel mit der Auflagefläche des Knebels ein.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a spacer is used, the gag of which consists of a part comprising the rod, the recess penetrated by the rod having two mutually substantially parallel inner walls, which are not perpendicular but at an angle to the upper contact surface of the gag for the end of the plate strip. The inside wall of the toggle, which lies on the side of the rod on which the end of the plate strip rests on the toggle, forms an obtuse angle with the contact surface of the toggle.

Durch die Zeichnung wird die Erfindung weiter erläutert. In dieser bedeutet

  • Figur 1 einen senkrechten Schnitt durch eine Bauplatte nach der Erfindung senkrecht zur Längsachse und damit zur Tragerichtung des zweiten Plattenteils,
  • Figur 2 einen senkrechten Schnitt durch die gleiche 'Bauplatte wie in Fig. 1 mit am Ende angesetztem Abstandhalter für die Montage,
  • Figur 3 den in Fig. 2 gezeigten Abstandshalter in'Vorderansicht,
  • Figuren 4 bis 7 verschiedene Phasen der Herstellung des"' in Fig. 1 gezeigten ersten Plattenteils,
  • Figur 8 die Verbindung des Gitterträgers mit der Bewehrung des ersten Plattenteils in Draufsicht und
  • Figur 9 eine Seitenansicht der Verbindungsstelle zweier Bauplatten nach der Erfindung,
  • Figur 10 Schnitt durch geknickte Bauplatte,
  • Figur 11 Draufsicht auf geknickte Bauplatte nach Fig. 10.
The invention is further explained by the drawing. In this means
  • 1 shows a vertical section through a building board according to the invention perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and thus to the direction of support of the second plate part,
  • 2 shows a vertical section through the same building board as in FIG. 1 with a spacer attached at the end for the assembly, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows the spacer shown in FIG. 2 in a front view,
  • Figures 4 to 7 show various stages of manufacture of the '' first plate member shown in Fig. 1,
  • Figure 8 shows the connection of the lattice girder with the reinforcement of the first plate part in plan view and
  • FIG. 9 shows a side view of the connection point of two building boards according to the invention,
  • FIG. 10 section through kinked building board,
  • FIG. 11 top view of kinked building board according to FIG. 10.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte aufgelöste selbsttragende Bauplatte nach der Erfindung besteht aus einem ersten Plattenteil (5) mit einer Bewehrung (4) und einem als Streifen ausgeführten zweiten Plattenteil bzw. Plattenstreifen (1) mit jeweils einer Bewehrung (2), wobei in'Fig. 1 der Zeichnung nur zwei dieser zweiten Plattenteile (1) dargestellt sind. Weiterhin besteht die Bauplatte aus Halterungsteilen (12) in der Form von U-Steinen und Gitterträgern (3), wobei jedem Plattenstreifen (1) ein Gitterträger (3) und mehrere Halterungsteile (12) zugeordnet sind.The resolved self-supporting building panel shown in the drawing according to the invention consists of a first panel part (5) with reinforcement (4) and a second panel part or panel strip (1) designed as a strip, each with reinforcement (2), wherein in 'Fig . 1 of the drawing, only two of these second plate parts (1) are shown. Furthermore, the building board consists of mounting parts (12) in the form of U-stones and lattice girders (3), a lattice girder (3) and several mounting parts (12) being assigned to each plate strip (1).

Es können verlorene Schalungen (10-11) in die selbsttragende Bauplatte zur Bildung von Hohlräumen eingelegt werden.Lost formwork (10-11) can be inserted into the self-supporting building board to form cavities.

Gemäß den Figuren 4 bis 7, die die Herstellung der Bauplatte nach der Erfindung zeigen, wird zunächst der Gitterträger (3) mit seinen beiden freien Kanten (18) nach unten zusammen mit der Bewehrung (2) in die Schalung für den zweiten Plattenteil (1) eingelegt (Fig. 4). Sodann werden die Halterungsteile (12), die in der Zeichnung Wutenausbildungen (14) besitzen, mit der offenen Seite nach unten in bestimmten Abständen voneinander über den Gitterträger (3) gestülpt und in die Schalung des zweiten Plattenteils (1) gestellt (Fig. 5). Bei waagerechtem Schnitt durch Fig. 5 entlang der Linie VI-VI ergibt sich das in Fig. 6 gezeigte Bild, das darstellt, daß die U-Steine über den Gitterträger (3) an deren engsten Stellen gestülpt werden.According to FIGS. 4 to 7, which show the production of the building board according to the invention, first the lattice girder (3) with its two free edges (18) downwards together with the reinforcement (2) is inserted into the formwork for the second board part (1 ) inserted (Fig. 4). Then the holder parts (12), which have trough designs (14) in the drawing, are placed with the open side downwards at certain intervals from one another over the lattice girder (3) and placed in the formwork of the second plate part (1) (FIG. 5 ). 5 along the line VI-VI results in the image shown in Fig. 6, which shows that the U-stones are placed over the lattice girder (3) at their narrowest points.

Nach dem Gießen des zweiten Plattenteils (1) in der so vorbereiteten Schalung und nach Entfernung der Schalung wird der zweite Plattenteil mit einbetoniertem Gitterträger und einbetonierten Halterungsteilen um 180° gedreht und auf die Bewehrung 4 in der Schalung des ersten Plattenteils (5) gesetzt, wie in Fig. 7 gezeigt ist. Mit Hilfe einer S- bzw. Z-förmigen Klammer (13) mit gebogenem Steg wird der Scheitel (19) des Gitterträgers (3) mit der Bewehrung (4) des ersten Plattenteils (5) verbunden, wie am besten aus Fig. 8 ersichtlich ist.After casting the second slab part (1) in the formwork prepared in this way and after removing the formwork, the second slab part with the lattice girder concreted in and the concreted-in mounting parts is rotated by 180 ° and placed on the reinforcement 4 in the formwork of the first slab part (5), as is shown in Fig. 7. The apex (19) of the lattice girder (3) is connected to the reinforcement (4) of the first plate part (5) with the help of an S- or Z-shaped bracket (13) with a curved web, as best seen in FIG. 8 is.

In Fig. 9 ist dargestellt, wie die selbsttragenden Bauplatten nach der Erfindung über Mörtelverbindungen (17) auf Wände (16) aufgelegt und im Bereich der Bezugsziffer (15) miteinander verbunden werden. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, daß der zweite Plattenteil (1) wie in Fig. 9 gezeigt ist, kürzer als der erste Plattenteil (5) ist und daß an den Enden des ersten Plattenteils (5) und des zweiten Plattenteils (1) deren Bewehrungen herausragen.FIG. 9 shows how the self-supporting building boards according to the invention are placed on walls (16) via mortar connections (17) and connected to one another in the area of the reference number (15). It is expedient that the second plate part (1) as shown in Fig. 9 is shorter than the first plate part (5) and that the reinforcements protrude at the ends of the first plate part (5) and the second plate part (1) .

Während der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Bauplatten wird zweckmäßig der in den Figuren 2 und 3 gezeigte Abstandshalter verwendet, der aus einem Stab (6) mit einer Standeinrichtung (8) und einem oberen Anschlag (7) sowie einem verschieblich gelagerten Knebel (9) besteht. Dieser besitzt eine Durchgangsöffnung, durch die der Stab (6) hindurchgeht, und die Innenseiten dieser Öffnung stehen in einem Winkel (α) zu der Auflagefläche für das Ende des zweiten Plattenteils (1), wobei jene Innenseite der Ausnehmung, die im Bereich des Endes des zweiten Plattenteils liegt, mit der Auflagefläche einen stumpfen Winkel Alpha einschließt. Die gegenüberliegende Innenseite der Ausnehmung ist hierzu parallel, so daß unter dem Druck des aufliegenden Endes des zweiten Plattenteils sich der Knebel an der Stange (6) verkeilt, aber durch ein oder mehrere Hammerschläge auf das äußere obere Ende leicht wieder gelöst werden kann.During the production of the building boards according to the invention, the spacer shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is expediently used, which consists of a rod (6) with a standing device (8) and an upper stop (7) and a slidably mounted toggle (9). This has a through opening through which the rod (6) passes, and the inner sides of this opening are at an angle (α) to the bearing surface for the end of the second plate part (1), the inside of the recess being in the region of the end of the second plate part lies with the contact surface enclosing an obtuse angle alpha. The opposite inside of the recess is parallel to this, so that under the pressure of the resting end of the second plate part the gag is wedged on the rod (6), but can easily be released again by one or more hammer blows on the outer upper end.

Diese aufgelöste selbsttragende Bauplatte kann als Decken-, Wand- oder Brücken-Platte oder auch als Träger verwendet werden, wobei der erste Plattenteil (5) im Querschnitt gekrümmt oder ein- oder mehrfach geknickt sein kann. Hierbei ist der zweite Plattenteil (1) unterbrochen, wie die Draufsicht Fig. 11 zeigt.This dissolved self-supporting building board can be used as a ceiling, wall or bridge board or also as a support, the first board part (5) being curved in cross-section or being bent one or more times. Here, the second plate part (1) is interrupted, as the top view in FIG. 11 shows.

Claims (12)

1. Resolved selfsupporting building plate consisting of a first plate part (5) and at least of a second plate part (1) connected with it by a braced girder (3), whereby said braced girder (3) is fastened to both plate parts (1, 5), characterized in that said braced girder (3) is arranged along said second plate part formed as a strip, which at least is also connected with said first plate part (5) by a holding part (12), that encompasses said braced girder (3) in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the building plate and is attached to both said building plates (1, 5).
2. Building plate according to claim 1, characterized in that said braced girder (3) is fastened to the rods (18) adjacent to both its free edges at and in said plate strips (1) respectively.
3. Building plate according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said first plate part (5) and said plate strip (1) consist of reinforced concrete.
4. Building plate according to claim 3, characterized in that said braced girder (3), with its rod (19) running along its apex, is fastened by means of essentially S-shaped fixing clamps (13), equipped with a bent web, at the reinforcement (4) in said first plate part (5) and in the plate strips (1) respectively.
5. Building plate according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said holding part (12) has an essentially U-shaped cross-section.
6. Building plate according to claim 5, characterized in that said holding part (12) is a U-stone bonded by cement.
7. A method for manufacturing a building plate according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one first inserts into the mould in respect to said second plate part (1) carried out as a strip the reinforcement (2) thereof, and the braced girder (3) with both its free edges (18), and the holding parts (12), that encompass the brace girder (3) perpendicular to the plane of the building plate, then one poures the building material into the mould and let it hardened, thereafter one revolves said second plate part (1) built as a strip at 180°, and inserts said braced girder (3) with its apex (19) together with the reinforcement (4) in respect to said first plate part (5) into the mould of this plate part (5), and finally one poures the building material into the mould, which undergoes hardening.
8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that said apex (19) of the braced girder with the plate reinforcement (4) is being connected by means of essentially S-shaped fixing clamps (13) equipped with said bent web (20).
9. Method according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that said plate strip (1) is retained at its ends by means of a distance spacer (21) when the building material is being filled in and is hardening.
10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that a distance spacer (21) is used, which consists of a vertical rod (6) equipped with a position device (8) at the one end, and of a stop (7) in respect to the outer face of said plate strip (1) at the other end, and of a toggle (9) displaceable on the rod.
11. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that a distance spacer (21) is beeing used, whose toggle (9) consists of a part embracing the rod (6), whose recess penetrated by the rod has two interior walls (22) being essentially parallel to each other, which enclose an obtuse angle (Alpha) with the upper bearing surface of said toggle in respect to the end of said plate strip (1
12. Utilisation of a building plate according to the claims 1 to 6 with a bent or single or manifold buckled first plate part (5) as well as an interrupted plate strip (1) as a plate for ceilings, and walls, and bridges or girders.
EP82107468A 1982-08-17 1982-08-17 Composite self-supporting slab - product - method - device - application Expired EP0104262B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP82107468A EP0104262B1 (en) 1982-08-17 1982-08-17 Composite self-supporting slab - product - method - device - application
AT82107468T ATE20106T1 (en) 1982-08-17 1982-08-17 DISSOLVED SELF-SUPPORTING PLATE - PRODUCT - PROCESS - DEVICE - USE.
DE8282107468T DE3271371D1 (en) 1982-08-17 1982-08-17 Composite self-supporting slab - product - method - device - application

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP82107468A EP0104262B1 (en) 1982-08-17 1982-08-17 Composite self-supporting slab - product - method - device - application

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EP0104262A1 EP0104262A1 (en) 1984-04-04
EP0104262B1 true EP0104262B1 (en) 1986-05-28

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EP (1) EP0104262B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE20106T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3271371D1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8902130A (en) * 1989-08-23 1991-03-18 Anton Jan Roeterdink CONSTRUCTION AND PREFABRICATED FLOOR ELEMENTS SUITABLE FOR THAT CONSTRUCTION.
SE502293C2 (en) * 1994-11-02 1995-10-02 Ackea Hb Beam elements, its manufacture and use, and floor covering elements
DE19815328A1 (en) * 1998-04-06 1999-10-07 Werner Simon Concrete ceiling element
CN112942656A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-11 山东莱芜建设集团有限公司 PK plate construction process

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR468789A (en) * 1914-02-21 1914-07-16 Etienne Chenille New system for the construction of inclined walls or hollow floors using reinforced concrete
FR566745A (en) * 1923-05-26 1924-02-19 Improvements in the construction of reinforced concrete floors
US1729612A (en) * 1926-10-13 1929-10-01 Goldsmith Metal Lath Company Concrete floor construction
DE1609571A1 (en) * 1966-01-07 1970-03-26 Ing Othmar Ainedter Panel-shaped component and method for producing floor slabs with them
DE2421905A1 (en) * 1974-05-07 1975-11-20 August Nolte Lattice-reinforced composite steel-concrete ceiling on sheathing - has lightweight block filling providing sound and heat insulation
IT1111644B (en) * 1977-03-11 1986-01-13 Lubian Enzo REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM, WITH REINFORCED SOLE REALIZING THE FINISHED SLAB CEILING

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DE3271371D1 (en) 1986-07-03
EP0104262A1 (en) 1984-04-04
ATE20106T1 (en) 1986-06-15

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