EP0693351B1 - Apparatus for making concrete elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The method produces blocks from free-flowing concrete or similar material, using a mould with one or more compartments, each with a movable thruster shaping the concrete. For initial shaping of the concrete core (18), a tool (15) forming part of the thruster is extended into the shaping position. For final shaping after the covering layer (19) of concrete has been poured, the tool is retracted into the starting position, corresponding to the final shape of the block. The tool can be part of a ram (5) working in the vertical direction, being extensible in this direction in relation to the ram pressure plate (8). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for producing molded blocks with a side slope, especially concrete blocks made of flowable concrete or a similar material, with a shape and one or more shape nests, each one vertical Movable press ram for preforming the side slopes or the core concrete and for subsequent finishing, the after placing the facing concrete in the mold cavity, assigned.

DE-C-940 568 describes a method and an apparatus for covering on-board sleepers made of heavy concrete with known a fine concrete layer. For pressing the into the Form filled heavy concrete is a vertically movable Press plate provided, which dips into the mold from above and the intended one with a curved inner profile Side bevels of the sleeper preformed. After preforming the side slope is fine concrete, also called facing concrete, filled into the mold. Then using a second press plate, which is offset by 180 ° to the first press plate is arranged, the molding covered with fine concrete pressed. For this purpose, both press plates are swiveled through 180 °, so that the second press plate in its working position reached for pressing the molding.

A disadvantage of this known embodiment is that the Drive and the locking and unlocking of the swiveling Press plates is relatively expensive. Mastery of the high compressive forces is the case of a pivotable arrangement Press plates problematic. In addition, the space requirement is the swiveling press plates in particular with a multiple mold with several form nests arranged side by side, very much large. Due to the swivel range of the press plates Available space is very limited, so only a limited number of mold nests is possible. The The swivel angle of the press plates must always be exactly 180 °, so that the press plates are inserted exactly into the mold cavities can be. This requires a backlash-free drive which is associated with high costs.

The invention has for its object the manufacture of the concrete blocks mentioned at the beginning to simplify and rationalize while reducing manufacturing costs.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that a Part of the ram relative and parallel to this in extendable in the vertical direction into the preform position and in the starting position, which is the final shape of the Press ram corresponds, can be moved back.

According to a further feature of the invention, this is extendable Part of the press ram as a form sword with an oblique Surface formed with a vertically movable Piston of a hydraulic cylinder is connected together with the pressure plate and the form sword the ram forms and at the bottom of a vertically movable Load plate is attached.

For the support and vertical guidance of the form sword is a Piston rod of the piston at the top and bottom of the Hydraulic cylinder led up and down and via an upper and lower cross member with the Form sword connected.

The hydraulic cylinder is expediently rectangular on the circumference executed and fastened between two vertical beams, which are arranged with their upper ends on the load plate and the lower ends of which support the pressure plate.

In one embodiment of the invention is in multiple form each cavity of the multiple form a press stamp with the extendable part assigned, with all ram on the underside of the vertically movable load plate Forming machine are arranged.

To the wear of the pressure element in the extended state to reduce, is at the transition of the pressure plate of the press ram an interchangeable to the sloping surface of the form sword Wear piece releasably attached.

The advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that the inventive design of the press ram a particularly space-saving construction of the multiple form allows for more stones per cycle can be manufactured. The linear movement of the extendable Stamp part enables simple drives and a problem-free Mastery of the pressure forces that occur during pressing. The immersion depth of the linearly extendable ram part can be done easily, for example by adjustable Attacks, are changed to reflect the strength of the Regulate the facing concrete layer.

Fig. 1

einen Teilschnitt einer Mehrfachform mit in der Vorformstellung befindlichem Preßstempel und ausgefahrenem Formschwert,

Fig. 2

eine Teilansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles II der Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie III-III in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

einen Teilschnitt der Mehrfachform nach Fig. 1 mit angehobenem Pretßstempel und eingefahrenem Formschwert,

Fig. 5

einen Teilschnitt der Mehrfachform nach Fig. 1 in der Fertigformstellung,

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt durch die komplette Mehrfachform gemäß Fig. 5,

Fig. 7

eine andere Ausführung der Mehrfachform im Schnitt und in der Vorformstellung mit ausgefahrenem Seitenstempel,

Fig. 8

eine Teil-Seitenansicht der Mehrfachform gemäß Fig. 7,

Fig. 9

eine Teil-Draufsicht auf die Mehrfachform gemäß Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

einen Teilschnitt der Mehrfachform nach Fig. 7 mit angehobenem Preßstempel und eingefahrenem Seitenstempel,

Fig. 11

einen Teilschnitt der Mehrfachform nach Fig. 7 in der Fertigformstellung und

Fig. 12

einen Schnitt durch die komplette Mehrfachform nach Fig. 11

The invention is explained in more detail in the following description and the drawing, which represents an exemplary embodiment. Show it

Fig. 1

1 shows a partial section of a multiple mold with the press ram in the preform position and the extended mold sword,

Fig. 2

2 shows a partial view in the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

2 shows a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2,

Fig. 4

1 with a raised press ram and retracted form sword,

Fig. 5

2 shows a partial section of the multiple mold according to FIG. 1 in the finished mold position,

Fig. 6

5 shows a section through the complete multiple form according to FIG. 5,

Fig. 7

another execution of the multiple form in the cut and in the preform position with extended side stamp,

Fig. 8

7 shows a partial side view of the multiple mold according to FIG. 7,

Fig. 9

8 shows a partial top view of the multiple mold according to FIG. 8,

Fig. 10

7 with a raised press die and retracted side die,

Fig. 11

a partial section of the multiple mold of FIG. 7 in the finished mold position and

Fig. 12

a section through the complete multiple form of FIG. 11

There is a multiple mold 1 for the production of concrete blocks from several mold nests 2, by vertical, at a distance arranged side walls 3 are formed (Fig. 6). The multiple form 1 is on a horizontal Vibrating table 4 of a molding machine, not shown arranged. Each of the mold cavities 2, which are open at the top and filled with concrete is a pressure element for Assigned shape of the concrete block. The pressure organ 1 consists of a vertically movable press ram 5, which is formed by two vertical supports 6. The upper ends of the carrier 6 are at the bottom of one horizontal load plate 7 of the molding machine attached. At the a pressure plate 8 is arranged at the lower end of the supports 6, with which the top of the concrete block is formed. The Load plate 7 is a piston 9 of a not shown Piston-cylinder unit in the vertical direction on and off moved.

Between the vertical supports 6 of the press ram 1 is a rectangular hydraulic cylinder 10 attached (Fig. 1 to 3). In the cylinder space 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 10 a piston 12 is mounted, the piston rod 13 upwards and led down out of the hydraulic cylinder 10 is. At the front ends of the piston rod 13 is over an upper and lower cross member 14 screwed a part 15, that is part of the press ram 5 and as Form sword is formed. Part 15 is made with the help of Piston 12 relative to the die 5 in the vertical direction can be moved up and down. The bearing holes serve the Piston rod 13 in the hydraulic cylinder 10 as a support and Guide the part 15. Together with the pressure plate 8 forms the part 15 the press ram 5, which on the load plate 7th or the piston 9 is moved in the vertical direction and with which the upper and lateral boundary of the concrete block is formed. The lower end of part 15 is corresponding the desired shape of the side wall of the concrete block. Since the transition from the vertical surface to inclined surface 16 of part 15 of a heavy wear is interchangeable at this point Corner piece 17 screwed to part 15.

The mold nests 2 of the multiple mold 1 are initially with Core concrete 18 filled. Then the load plate 7 with Press ram 5, hydraulic cylinder 10, pressure plate 8 and part 15, which together form a unit, in the preform position lowered according to FIG. 1. The core concrete is in this position 18 according to the geometry of the pressure plate 8 and the Part 15 preformed. Then the unit 7, 5, 10, 8, 15 moved up again and the part 15 through Actuation of the hydraulic cylinder 10 in the position according to Fig. 4 retracted. The pressure plate is in this position 8 together with the part 15 a geometry that the Completely shaped concrete block corresponds. In the mold nests 2 is now filled with facing concrete 19, with which the preformed Core concrete 18 is covered (Fig. 4). By lowering the load plate 7 dips the pressure plate 8 together the part 15 in the mold cavity 2 until the finished mold 5 is reached. Received in this position that of core concrete 18 and the upper layer of facing concrete 19 existing concrete block its final shape. After finished molding and raising the side walls 3 becomes the unit 7, 5, 10, 8 and 12 moved up again and the part 15 by actuating the hydraulic cylinder 10 into the preform position 1 extended for the next work cycle.

Claims (6)

1. Apparatus for the making of shaped elements with a side draft, in particular concrete elements made of flowable concrete or a similar material, with a mould (1) and one or several moulding cavities (2), to which a vertically movable press ram (5) is allocated for the pre-forming of the side draft respectively the concrete base mix and for the subsequent finish moulding conducted after the pouring of the concrete face mix into the mould nest, characterised therein that, one part (15) of the press ram (5) can be extended relatively and parallel to the latter in a vertical direction into the pre-forming position and can be retracted into the initial position which corresponds to the finish moulding position of the press ram (5).
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised therein that, the extendible part (15) of the press ram (5) is designed as a moulding sword with a slanted side, which is connected to a vertically movable piston (12) of a hydraulic cylinder (10), which forms together with the pressure plate (8) and the moulding sword the press ram (5) and which is fastened to the underside of a vertically movable load plate (7) of the moulding machine.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterised therein that a piston rod (13) of the piston (12) is lead from the upper and lower end of the hydraulic cylinder (10) and is connected to the part (15) via an upper and lower cross bar (14) respectively.
4. Apparatus according to one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterised therein, that the contour of hydraulic cylinder (10) is designed as a square and is fastened between two vertical supports (6) which are attached with their upper ends to the load plate (7) and whose lower ends bear the pressure plate (8).
5. Apparatus according to one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterised therein that one or several press rams (5) with the extendible part (15) are allocated to each moulding cavity (2) and all of the press rams (5) are attached to the underside of the vertically movable load plate (7) of the forming machine.
6. Apparatus according to one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterised therein that an exchangeable wear part (17) is fastened in a detachable manner to the junction of the pressure plate (8) to the slanted side (16) of the part (15).

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