EP0693351A1 - Process and apparatus for making concrete elements - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for making concrete elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0693351A1
EP0693351A1 EP95102850A EP95102850A EP0693351A1 EP 0693351 A1 EP0693351 A1 EP 0693351A1 EP 95102850 A EP95102850 A EP 95102850A EP 95102850 A EP95102850 A EP 95102850A EP 0693351 A1 EP0693351 A1 EP 0693351A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
concrete
hydraulic cylinder
extendable
pressure plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95102850A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0693351B1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Braungardt
Erwin Schmucker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobra Formen GmbH
Original Assignee
Kobra Formen und Anlagenbau GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0693351A1 publication Critical patent/EP0693351A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/04—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space co-operating with a fixed mould
    • B30B11/06—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space co-operating with a fixed mould each charge of the material being compressed against the previously formed body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/008—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material made from two or more materials having different characteristics or properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/08—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with two or more rams per mould
    • B28B3/083—The juxtaposed rams working in the same direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/10—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form each charge of material being compressed against previously formed body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0091—Transformable moulds allowing the change of shape of an initial moulded preform by preform deformation or the change of its size by moulding on the preform
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/04—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould
    • B28B3/06—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould with two or more ram and mould sets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing molded blocks, in particular concrete blocks made of flowable concrete or a similar material, with a mold and one or more mold nests, each of which is assigned a movable pressure element for shaping the concrete mass.
  • a multiple vibrating mold with several mold nests arranged side by side is known.
  • One side wall of the mold nests is pivotally mounted for preforming the concrete blocks.
  • the swiveling side walls are connected to each other by a linkage.
  • the side walls are pivoted inwards with the help of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the slanted position of the side walls gives the concrete blocks the pre-shaped wall inclination of the core concrete.
  • a vertically movable form sword for forming the facing concrete is assigned to each mold nest Side walls are moved into their vertical position in the mold cavity from above and give the concrete block in its upper area the final shape.
  • the invention has for its object to simplify and rationalize the production of concrete blocks while reducing manufacturing costs.
  • this object is achieved in that a part of the pressure element is extended into a preform position for preforming the core concrete and that the part is returned to its initial position, that of the finished shape position, for the subsequent finishforming which takes place after the facing concrete has been introduced into the mold cavity corresponds, is reduced.
  • the device for carrying out the method is characterized in that the extendable part is part of a vertically movable press die and can be extended relative to a pressure plate of the press die in a vertical direction into a preform position and can be moved back into the starting position, which corresponds to the finished shape position of the press die.
  • the extendable part of the press ram is designed as a shaped sword with an inclined surface, which is connected to a vertically movable piston of a hydraulic cylinder which, together with the pressure plate and the shaped sword, forms the press punch and on the underside of a vertically movable load plate is attached.
  • a piston rod of the piston at the upper and lower end of the hydraulic cylinder is guided up and down to support and guide the form sword vertically and is connected to the form sword via an upper and lower cross member.
  • the hydraulic cylinder is expediently designed to be rectangular on the circumference and fastened between two vertical supports which are arranged with their upper ends on the load plate and whose lower ends carry the pressure plate.
  • each mold cavity of the multiple mold is assigned a press ram with the extendable part, all press rams being arranged on the underside of the vertically movable load plate of the molding machine.
  • the extendable part of the pressure element consists of a side stamp which is formed by the upper part of a side wall of the mold becomes, which can be extended relative to the fixed, lower part of the side wall in a horizontal direction into a preform position and can be moved back into the starting position.
  • each mold cavity of the multiple mold is assigned a horizontally displaceable part, each part being connected via push rods to a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the two outer sides of the multiple mold.
  • an exchangeable wear piece is detachably fastened at the transition of the pressure plate of the press ram to the oblique surface of the shaped sword.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention consist in particular in that the method according to the invention enables a particularly space-saving construction of the multiple mold, so that approximately one or two stones more can be produced per working cycle compared to the known methods.
  • the invention can be used to produce not only straight but also curved stones.
  • a multiple mold 1 for the production of concrete blocks consists of several mold nests 2 which are formed by vertical side walls 3 arranged at a distance from one another (FIG. 6).
  • the multiple mold 1 is arranged on a horizontal vibrating table 4 of a molding machine, not shown.
  • Each of the mold cavities 2, which are open at the top and are filled with concrete, is assigned a pressure element for shaping the concrete block.
  • the pressure element consists of a vertically movable press ram 5, which is formed by two vertical supports 6.
  • the upper ends of the carrier 6 are attached to the underside of a horizontal load plate 7 of the molding machine.
  • a pressure plate 8 is arranged, with which the top of the concrete block is formed.
  • the load plate 7 is moved up and down in the vertical direction by a piston 9 of a piston-cylinder unit, not shown.
  • a rectangular hydraulic cylinder 10 attached (Fig. 1 to 3).
  • a piston 12 is mounted in the cylinder space 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 10, the piston rod 13 of which is guided upwards and downwards out of the hydraulic cylinder 10.
  • a part 15 is screwed via an upper and lower cross member 14, which is part of the ram 5 and is designed as a shaped sword.
  • the part 15 can be moved up and down in the vertical direction with the aid of the piston 12 relative to the die 5.
  • the bearing bores of the piston rod 13 in the hydraulic cylinder 10 serve to support and guide the part 15.
  • part 15 forms the press ram 5, which is moved in the vertical direction via the load plate 7 or the piston 9 and with which the upper and lateral boundary of the concrete block is formed.
  • the lower end of part 15 is chamfered according to the desired shape of the side wall of the concrete block. Since the transition from the vertical surface to the inclined surface 16 of the part 15 is subject to heavy wear, an exchangeable corner piece 17 is screwed onto the part 15 at this point.
  • the mold cavities 2 of the multiple mold 1 are first filled with core concrete 18. Then the load plate 7 with press ram 5, hydraulic cylinder 10, pressure plate 8 and part 15, which together form a unit, is lowered into the preform position according to FIG. 1. The core concrete is in this position 18 preformed according to the geometry of the pressure plate 8 and the part 15. The unit 7, 5, 10, 8, 15 is then moved up again and the part 15 is moved into the position according to FIG. 4 by actuating the hydraulic cylinder 10. In this position, the pressure plate 8 together with the part 15 has a geometry which corresponds to the finished concrete block. In the mold cavities 2, facing concrete 19 is now filled, with which the preformed core concrete 18 is covered (Fig. 4).
  • the pressure plate 8 By lowering the load plate 7, the pressure plate 8, together with the part 15, dips into the mold cavity 2 until the finished mold position according to FIG. 5 is reached. In this position, the concrete block consisting of core concrete 18 and the upper layer of facing concrete 19 gets its final shape. After the final shaping and raising of the side walls 3, the unit 7, 5, 10, 8 and 12 is moved up again and the part 15 is extended into the preform position according to FIG. 1 by actuating the hydraulic cylinder 10 for the next working cycle.
  • the pressure element for shaping the concrete block here consists of the vertically movable press ram 5 and a horizontally movable side ram 20.
  • the side ram 20 is in each case formed by a movable part 21 of the divided side wall 3 of the mold cavity 2.
  • the part 21 is opposite the lower, fixed part of the Side wall 3 can be displaced in the horizontal direction with the aid of a hydraulic cylinder 22 fastened to the two outer sides of the multiple mold 1 (FIG. 8).
  • Each mold cavity 2 of the multiple mold 1 is assigned a displaceable part 21, all parts 21 of all mold cavities 2 being moved simultaneously in the horizontal direction by means of the hydraulic cylinder 22, which is arranged on both outer sides of the multiple mold 1.
  • a piston rod 23 of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected via a transverse yoke 24 to two external push rods 25 which are fastened to projections 26 of the parts 21 which are guided outwards.
  • the part 21 is immersed in the mold cavity 2, which is filled with core concrete 18. This preforms the core concrete mass.
  • the part 21 is then moved back again until it forms a flat inner wall surface of the mold cavity 2 with the side wall 3 (FIG. 10).
  • the mold nest 2 is now filled with facing concrete 19, with which the preformed core concrete 18 is covered.
  • the ram 5 is lowered and the concrete block is finished (Fig. 11).
  • the press ram 5 carries at its lower end a one-piece pressure piece 27, which consists of the pressure plate 8 and the inclined surface 16 for the final molding of the concrete block.
  • the press ram 5 is moved up again with the pressure piece 27 and the finished concrete block is removed from the mold.
  • part 21 extended again and the multiple mold 1 is again ready for filling the core concrete 18 for the next working cycle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)

Abstract

The method produces blocks from free-flowing concrete or similar material, using a mould with one or more compartments, each with a movable thruster shaping the concrete. For initial shaping of the concrete core (18), a tool (15) forming part of the thruster is extended into the shaping position. For final shaping after the covering layer (19) of concrete has been poured, the tool is retracted into the starting position, corresponding to the final shape of the block. The tool can be part of a ram (5) working in the vertical direction, being extensible in this direction in relation to the ram pressure plate (8). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formsteinen, insbesondere Betonsteine aus fließfähigem Beton oder einem ähnlichen Material, mit einer Form und einem oder mehreren Formnestern, denen jeweils ein bewegliches Druckorgan zur Formgebung der Betonmasse zugeordnet ist.The invention relates to a method and a device for producing molded blocks, in particular concrete blocks made of flowable concrete or a similar material, with a mold and one or more mold nests, each of which is assigned a movable pressure element for shaping the concrete mass.

Durch das DE-GM 92 04 659 ist eine Mehrfach-Rüttelform mit mehreren, nebeneinander angeordneten Formnestern bekannt. Zum Vorformen der Betonsteine ist jeweils eine Seitenwand der Formnester schwenkbar gelagert. Die schwenkbaren Seitenwände sind durch ein Gestänge miteinander verbunden. Mit Hilfe eines Hydraulikzylinders werden die Seitenwände nach innen geschwenkt. Durch die Schräglage der Seitenwände erhalten die Betonsteine die vorgeformte Wandneigung des Kernbetons. Zum Fertigformen des Betonsteins ist jedem Formnest ein vertikal bewegliches Formschwert zum Formen des Vorsatzbetons zugeordnet, das nach dem Zurückschwenken der Seitenwände in ihre Vertikalstellung in das Formnest von oben eingefahren wird und dem Betonstein in seinem oberen Bereich die endgültige Form gibt.From DE-GM 92 04 659 a multiple vibrating mold with several mold nests arranged side by side is known. One side wall of the mold nests is pivotally mounted for preforming the concrete blocks. The swiveling side walls are connected to each other by a linkage. The side walls are pivoted inwards with the help of a hydraulic cylinder. The slanted position of the side walls gives the concrete blocks the pre-shaped wall inclination of the core concrete. For the final shaping of the concrete block, a vertically movable form sword for forming the facing concrete is assigned to each mold nest Side walls are moved into their vertical position in the mold cavity from above and give the concrete block in its upper area the final shape.

Dieses bekannte Verfahren hat sich in der Praxis gut bewährt. Die schwenkbaren Seitenwände und das Gestänge benötigen jedoch viel Platz. Außerdem ist der Kostenaufwand für die Herstellung der Form relativ hoch.This known method has proven itself well in practice. However, the swiveling side walls and the linkage take up a lot of space. In addition, the cost of producing the mold is relatively high.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Herstellung von Betonsteinen zu vereinfachen und zu rationalisieren bei gleichzeitiger Verringerung der Fertigungskosten.The invention has for its object to simplify and rationalize the production of concrete blocks while reducing manufacturing costs.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß zum Vorformen des Kernbetons ein Teil des Druckorgans in eine Vorformstellung ausgefahren wird und daß zum anschließenden Fertigformen, das nach dem Einbringen des Vorsatzbetons in das Formnest erfolgt, das Teil wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung, die der Fertigformstellung entspricht, zurückgefahren wird.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that a part of the pressure element is extended into a preform position for preforming the core concrete and that the part is returned to its initial position, that of the finished shape position, for the subsequent finishforming which takes place after the facing concrete has been introduced into the mold cavity corresponds, is reduced.

Die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das ausfahrbare Teil Bestandteil eines vertikal beweglichen Preßstempels ist und relativ zu einer Druckplatte des Preßstempels in vertikaler Richtung in eine Vorformstellung ausfahrbar und in die Ausgangsstellung, die der Fertigformstellung des Preßstempels entspricht, wieder zurückfahrbar ist.The device for carrying out the method is characterized in that the extendable part is part of a vertically movable press die and can be extended relative to a pressure plate of the press die in a vertical direction into a preform position and can be moved back into the starting position, which corresponds to the finished shape position of the press die.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist das ausfahrbare Teil des Preßstempels als Formschwert mit einer schrägen Fläche ausgebildet, das mit einem vertikal beweglichen Kolben eines Hydraulikzylinders verbunden ist, der zusammen mit der Druckplatte und dem Formschwert den Preßstempel bildet und an der Unterseite einer vertikal beweglichen Auflastplatte befestigt ist.According to a further feature of the invention, the extendable part of the press ram is designed as a shaped sword with an inclined surface, which is connected to a vertically movable piston of a hydraulic cylinder which, together with the pressure plate and the shaped sword, forms the press punch and on the underside of a vertically movable load plate is attached.

Zur Abstützung und Vertikalführung des Formschwerts ist eine Kolbenstange des Kolbens am oberen und unteren Ende des Hydraulikzylinders nach oben und nach unten herausgeführt und über je einen oberen und unteren Querträger mit dem Formschwert verbunden.A piston rod of the piston at the upper and lower end of the hydraulic cylinder is guided up and down to support and guide the form sword vertically and is connected to the form sword via an upper and lower cross member.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Hydraulikzylinder am Umfang rechteckig ausgeführt und zwischen zwei vertikalen Trägern befestigt, die mit ihren oberen Enden an der Auflastplatte angeordnet sind und deren unteren Enden die Druckplatte tragen.The hydraulic cylinder is expediently designed to be rectangular on the circumference and fastened between two vertical supports which are arranged with their upper ends on the load plate and whose lower ends carry the pressure plate.

Bei einer Ausführung der Erfindung als Mehrfachform ist jedem Formnest der Mehrfachform ein Preßstempel mit dem ausfahrbaren Teil zugeordnet, wobei sämtliche Preßstempel an der Unterseite der vertikal beweglichen Auflastplatte der Formmaschine angeordnet sind.In one embodiment of the invention as a multiple mold, each mold cavity of the multiple mold is assigned a press ram with the extendable part, all press rams being arranged on the underside of the vertically movable load plate of the molding machine.

In einer anderen Ausführung der Erfindung besteht das ausfahrbare Teil des Druckorgans aus einem Seitenstempel, der durch den oberen Teil einer Seitenwand der Form gebildet wird, das relativ zum feststehenden, unteren Teil der Seitenwand in horizontaler Richtung in eine Vorformstellung ausfahrbar und in die Ausgangsstellung zurückfahrbar ist.In another embodiment of the invention, the extendable part of the pressure element consists of a side stamp which is formed by the upper part of a side wall of the mold becomes, which can be extended relative to the fixed, lower part of the side wall in a horizontal direction into a preform position and can be moved back into the starting position.

Bei einer Ausführung der Erfindung als Mehrfachform ist jedem Formnest der Mehrfachform ein horizontal verschiebbares Teil zugeordnet, wobei jedes Teil über Schubstangen mit je einem an den beiden Außenseiten der Mehrfachform angeordneten Hydraulikzylinder verbunden ist.In one embodiment of the invention as a multiple mold, each mold cavity of the multiple mold is assigned a horizontally displaceable part, each part being connected via push rods to a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the two outer sides of the multiple mold.

Um den Verschleiß des Druckorgans im ausgefahrenen Zustand zu verringern, ist am Übergang der Druckplatte des Preßstempels zur schrägen Fläche des Formschwerts ein austauschbares Verschleißstück lösbar befestigt.In order to reduce the wear of the pressure element in the extended state, an exchangeable wear piece is detachably fastened at the transition of the pressure plate of the press ram to the oblique surface of the shaped sword.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eine besonders platzsparende Konstruktion der Mehrfachform ermöglicht, so daß gegenüber den bekannten Verfahren ca. ein bis zwei Steine mehr pro Arbeitszyklus gefertigt werden können. Mit der Erfindung können im Gegensatz zu dem bekannten Verfahren mit schwenkbaren Seitenwänden nicht nur gerade, sondern auch gekrümmte Steine hergestellt werden.The advantages achieved by the invention consist in particular in that the method according to the invention enables a particularly space-saving construction of the multiple mold, so that approximately one or two stones more can be produced per working cycle compared to the known methods. In contrast to the known method with pivotable side walls, the invention can be used to produce not only straight but also curved stones.

Die Erfindung ist in der folgenden Beschreibung und der Zeichnung, die mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele darstellt, näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen Teilschnitt einer Mehrfachform mit in der Vorformstellung befindlichem Preßstempel und ausgefahrenem Formschwert,
Fig. 2
eine Teilansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles II der Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie III-III in Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
einen Teilschnitt der Mehrfachform nach Fig. 1 mit angehobenem Pretßstempel und eingefahrenem Formschwert,
Fig. 5
einen Teilschnitt der Mehrfachform nach Fig. 1 in der Fertigformstellung,
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt durch die komplette Mehrfachform gemäß Fig. 5,
Fig. 7
eine andere Ausführung der Mehrfachform im Schnitt und in der Vorformstellung mit ausgefahrenem Seitenstempel,
Fig. 8
eine Teil-Seitenansicht der Mehrfachform gemäß Fig. 7,
Fig. 9
eine Teil-Draufsicht auf die Mehrfachform gemäß Fig. 8,
Fig. 10
einen Teilschnitt der Mehrfachform nach Fig. 7 mit angehobenem Preßstempel und eingefahrenem Seitenstempel,
Fig. 11
einen Teilschnitt der Mehrfachform nach Fig. 7 in der Fertigformstellung und
Fig. 12
einen Schnitt durch die komplette Mehrfachform nach Fig. 11
The invention is explained in more detail in the following description and the drawing, which represents several exemplary embodiments. Show it
Fig. 1
1 shows a partial section of a multiple mold with the press ram in the preform position and the extended mold sword,
Fig. 2
2 shows a partial view in the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2,
Fig. 4
1 with a raised press ram and retracted form sword,
Fig. 5
2 shows a partial section of the multiple mold according to FIG. 1 in the finished mold position,
Fig. 6
5 shows a section through the complete multiple form according to FIG. 5,
Fig. 7
another execution of the multiple form in the cut and in the preform position with extended side stamp,
Fig. 8
7 shows a partial side view of the multiple mold according to FIG. 7,
Fig. 9
8 shows a partial top view of the multiple mold according to FIG. 8,
Fig. 10
7 with a raised press die and retracted side die,
Fig. 11
a partial section of the multiple mold of FIG. 7 in the finished mold position and
Fig. 12
a section through the complete multiple form of FIG. 11

Eine Mehrfachform 1 zur Herstellung von Betonsteinen besteht aus mehreren Formnestern 2, die durch vertikale, mit Abstand voneinander angeordnete Seitenwände 3 gebildet werden (Fig. 6). Die Mehrfachform 1 ist auf einem horizontalen Rütteltisch 4 einer nicht näher dargestellten Formmaschine angeordnet. Jedem der Formnester 2, die nach oben offen sind und mit Beton gefüllt werden, ist ein Druckorgan zur Formgebung des Betonsteins zugeordnet. Das Druckorgan besteht gemäß Fig. 1 aus einem vertikal beweglichen Preßstempel 5, der durch zwei vertikale Träger 6 gebildet wird. Die oberen Enden der Träger 6 sind an der Unterseite einer horizontalen Auflastplatte 7 der Formmaschine befestigt. Am unteren Ende der Träger 6 ist eine Druckplatte 8 angeordnet, mit dem die Oberseite des Betonsteins geformt wird. Die Auflastplatte 7 wird von einem Kolben 9 einer nicht dargestellten Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit in vertikaler Richtung auf- und abbewegt.A multiple mold 1 for the production of concrete blocks consists of several mold nests 2 which are formed by vertical side walls 3 arranged at a distance from one another (FIG. 6). The multiple mold 1 is arranged on a horizontal vibrating table 4 of a molding machine, not shown. Each of the mold cavities 2, which are open at the top and are filled with concrete, is assigned a pressure element for shaping the concrete block. According to FIG. 1, the pressure element consists of a vertically movable press ram 5, which is formed by two vertical supports 6. The upper ends of the carrier 6 are attached to the underside of a horizontal load plate 7 of the molding machine. At the lower end of the carrier 6, a pressure plate 8 is arranged, with which the top of the concrete block is formed. The load plate 7 is moved up and down in the vertical direction by a piston 9 of a piston-cylinder unit, not shown.

Zwischen den vertikalen Trägern 6 des Preßstempels 1 ist ein quaderförmig ausgebildeter Hydraulikzylinder 10 befestigt (Fig. 1 bis 3). Im Zylinderraum 11 des Hydraulikzylinders 10 ist ein Kolben 12 gelagert, dessen Kolbenstange 13 nach oben und nach unten aus dem Hydraulikzylinder 10 herausgeführt ist. An den stirnseitigen Enden der Kolbenstange 13 ist über einen oberen und unteren Querträger 14 ein Teil 15 angeschraubt, das Bestandteil des Preßstempels 5 ist und als Formschwert ausgebildet ist. Das Teil 15 ist mit Hilfe des Kolbens 12 relativ zum Formstempel 5 in vertikaler Richtung auf- und abbewegbar. Dabei dienen die Lagerbohrungen der Kolbenstange 13 im Hydraulikzylinder 10 als Abstützung und Führung des Teils 15. Zusammen mit der Druckplatte 8 bildet das Teil 15 den Preßstempel 5, der über die Auflastplatte 7 bzw. den Kolben 9 in vertikaler Richtung bewegt wird und mit dem die obere und seitliche Begrenzung des Betonsteins geformt wird. Das untere Ende des Teils 15 ist entsprechend der gewünschten Form der Seitenwand des Betonsteines abgeschrägt. Da der Übergang von der vertikalen Fläche zur schrägen Fläche 16 des Teils 15 einer starken Verschleißbeanspruchung unterliegt, ist an dieser Stelle ein austauschbares Eckstück 17 am Teil 15 angeschraubt.Between the vertical supports 6 of the press ram 1 is a rectangular hydraulic cylinder 10 attached (Fig. 1 to 3). A piston 12 is mounted in the cylinder space 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 10, the piston rod 13 of which is guided upwards and downwards out of the hydraulic cylinder 10. At the front ends of the piston rod 13 a part 15 is screwed via an upper and lower cross member 14, which is part of the ram 5 and is designed as a shaped sword. The part 15 can be moved up and down in the vertical direction with the aid of the piston 12 relative to the die 5. The bearing bores of the piston rod 13 in the hydraulic cylinder 10 serve to support and guide the part 15. Together with the pressure plate 8, the part 15 forms the press ram 5, which is moved in the vertical direction via the load plate 7 or the piston 9 and with which the upper and lateral boundary of the concrete block is formed. The lower end of part 15 is chamfered according to the desired shape of the side wall of the concrete block. Since the transition from the vertical surface to the inclined surface 16 of the part 15 is subject to heavy wear, an exchangeable corner piece 17 is screwed onto the part 15 at this point.

Die Formnester 2 der Mehrfachform 1 werden zunächst mit Kernbeton 18 gefüllt. Dann wird die Auflastplatte 7 mit Preßstempel 5, Hydraulikzylinder 10, Druckplatte 8 und Teil 15, die zusammen eine Einheit bilden, in die Vorformstellung gemäß Fig. 1 abgesenkt. In dieser Stellung wird der Kernbeton 18 entsprechend der Geometrie der Druckplatte 8 und des Teils 15 vorgeformt. Anschließend wird die Einheit 7, 5, 10, 8, 15 wieder nach oben bewegt und das Teil 15 durch Betätigung des Hydraulikzylinders 10 in die Stellung gemäß Fig. 4 eingefahren. In dieser Stellung besitzt die Druckplatte 8 zusammen mit dem Teil 15 eine Geometrie, die dem fertiggeformten Betonstein entspricht. In die Formnester 2 wird jetzt Vorsatzbeton 19 eingefüllt, mit dem der vorgeformte Kernbeton 18 überzogen wird (Fig. 4). Durch Absenken der Auflastplatte 7 taucht die Druckplatte 8 zusammen mit dem Teil 15 in das Formnest 2 ein, bis die Fertigformstellung gemäß Fig. 5 erreicht ist. In dieser Stellung erhält der aus Kernbeton 18 und der oberen Schicht Vorsatzbeton 19 bestehende Betonstein seine endgültige Form. Nach dem Fertigformen und Hochfahren der Seitenwände 3 wird die Einheit 7, 5, 10, 8 und 12 wieder nach oben bewegt und das Teil 15 durch Betätigung des Hydraulikzylinders 10 in die Vorformstellung gemäß Fig. 1 für den nächsten Arbeitszyklus ausgefahren.The mold cavities 2 of the multiple mold 1 are first filled with core concrete 18. Then the load plate 7 with press ram 5, hydraulic cylinder 10, pressure plate 8 and part 15, which together form a unit, is lowered into the preform position according to FIG. 1. The core concrete is in this position 18 preformed according to the geometry of the pressure plate 8 and the part 15. The unit 7, 5, 10, 8, 15 is then moved up again and the part 15 is moved into the position according to FIG. 4 by actuating the hydraulic cylinder 10. In this position, the pressure plate 8 together with the part 15 has a geometry which corresponds to the finished concrete block. In the mold cavities 2, facing concrete 19 is now filled, with which the preformed core concrete 18 is covered (Fig. 4). By lowering the load plate 7, the pressure plate 8, together with the part 15, dips into the mold cavity 2 until the finished mold position according to FIG. 5 is reached. In this position, the concrete block consisting of core concrete 18 and the upper layer of facing concrete 19 gets its final shape. After the final shaping and raising of the side walls 3, the unit 7, 5, 10, 8 and 12 is moved up again and the part 15 is extended into the preform position according to FIG. 1 by actuating the hydraulic cylinder 10 for the next working cycle.

Eine andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist in den Fig. 7 bis 11 dargesellt. Das Druckorgan zur Formgebung des Betonsteins besteht hier aus dem vertikal beweglichen Preßstempel 5 und einem horizontal beweglichen Seitenstempel 20. Der Seitenstempel 20 wird jeweils durch ein bewegliches Teil 21 der geteilten Seitenwand 3 des Formnestes 2 gebildet. Das Teil 21 ist gegenüber dem unteren, feststehenden Teil der Seitenwand 3 mit Hilfe je eines, an den beiden Außenseiten der Mehrfachform 1 befestigten Hydraulikzylinders 22 in horizontaler Richtung verschiebbar (Fig. 8). Jedem Formnest 2 der Mehrfachform 1 ist ein verschiebbares Teil 21 zugeordnet, wobei sämtliche Teile 21 aller Formnester 2 mit Hilfe des Hydraulikzylinders 22, der an beiden Außenseiten der Mehrfachform 1 angeordnet ist, gleichzeitig in horizontaler Richtung bewegt werden. Eine Kolbenstange 23 des Hydraulikzylinders 22 ist über ein Querjoch 24 mit zwei außenliegenden Schubstangen 25 verbunden, die an nach außen geführten Ansätzen 26 der Teile 21 befestigt sind.Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 7 to 11. The pressure element for shaping the concrete block here consists of the vertically movable press ram 5 and a horizontally movable side ram 20. The side ram 20 is in each case formed by a movable part 21 of the divided side wall 3 of the mold cavity 2. The part 21 is opposite the lower, fixed part of the Side wall 3 can be displaced in the horizontal direction with the aid of a hydraulic cylinder 22 fastened to the two outer sides of the multiple mold 1 (FIG. 8). Each mold cavity 2 of the multiple mold 1 is assigned a displaceable part 21, all parts 21 of all mold cavities 2 being moved simultaneously in the horizontal direction by means of the hydraulic cylinder 22, which is arranged on both outer sides of the multiple mold 1. A piston rod 23 of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected via a transverse yoke 24 to two external push rods 25 which are fastened to projections 26 of the parts 21 which are guided outwards.

In der ausgefahrenen Vorformstellung gemäß Fig. 7 ist das Teil 21 in das Formnest 2 eingetaucht, das mit Kernbeton 18 gefüllt wird. Dadurch wird die Kernbetonmasse vorgeformt. Anschließend wird das Teil 21 wieder zurückgefahren, bis es mit der Seitenwand 3 eine ebene Innenwandfläche des Formnestes 2 bildet (Fig. 10). Das Formnest 2 wird jetzt mit Vorsatzbeton 19 gefüllt, mit dem der vorgeformte Kernbeton 18 überzogen wird. Anschließend wird der Preßstempel 5 abgesenkt und der Betonstein fertiggeformt (Fig. 11). Der Preßstempel 5 trägt an seinem unteren Ende ein einteiliges Druckstück 27, das aus der Druckplatte 8 und der schrägen Fläche 16 zum Fertigformen des Betonsteins besteht. Nach dem Fertigformen und Hochfahren der Seitenwände 3 wird der Preßstempel 5 mit dem Druckstück 27 wieder nach oben bewegt und der fertige Betonstein entformt. Danach wird das Teil 21 wieder ausgefahren und die Mehrfachform 1 ist wieder bereit zum Einfüllen des Kernbetons 18 für den nächsten Arbeitszyklus.In the extended preform position according to FIG. 7, the part 21 is immersed in the mold cavity 2, which is filled with core concrete 18. This preforms the core concrete mass. The part 21 is then moved back again until it forms a flat inner wall surface of the mold cavity 2 with the side wall 3 (FIG. 10). The mold nest 2 is now filled with facing concrete 19, with which the preformed core concrete 18 is covered. Then the ram 5 is lowered and the concrete block is finished (Fig. 11). The press ram 5 carries at its lower end a one-piece pressure piece 27, which consists of the pressure plate 8 and the inclined surface 16 for the final molding of the concrete block. After the final shaping and raising of the side walls 3, the press ram 5 is moved up again with the pressure piece 27 and the finished concrete block is removed from the mold. Then part 21 extended again and the multiple mold 1 is again ready for filling the core concrete 18 for the next working cycle.

Claims (9)

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formsteinen, insbesondere Betonsteine aus fließfähigem Beton oder einem ähnlichen Material, mit einer Form und einem oder mehreren Formnester, denen jeweils ein bewegliches Druckorgan zur Formgebung der Betonmasse zugeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Vorformen des Kernbetons (18) ein Teil (15) bzw. (21) des Druckorgans in eine Vorformstellung ausgefahren wird und daß zum anschließenden Fertigformen, das nach dem Einbringen des Vorsatzbetons (19) in das Formnest (2) erfolgt, das Teil (15) bzw. (21) wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung, die der Fertigformstellung entspricht, zurückgefahren wird.Process for the production of molded blocks, in particular concrete blocks made of flowable concrete or a similar material, with a mold and one or more mold cavities, each of which is assigned a movable pressure element for shaping the concrete mass, characterized in that a part is used to pre-form the core concrete (18) (15) or (21) of the pressure member is extended into a preform position and that for the subsequent final molding, which takes place after the facing concrete (19) has been introduced into the mold cavity (2), the part (15) or (21) is back in its starting position, which corresponds to the finished mold position, is retracted. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formsteinen, insbesondere nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das ausfahrbare Teil (15) des Druckorgans Bestandteil eines vertikal beweglichen Preßstempels (5) ist und relativ zu einer Druckplatte (8) des Preßstempels (5) in vertikaler Richtung in eine Vorformstellung ausfahrbar und in die Ausgangsstellung, die der Fertigformstellung des Preßstempels (5) entspricht, wieder zurückfahrbar ist.Device for the production of molded blocks, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that the extendable part (15) of the pressure member is part of a vertically movable press ram (5) and in a vertical direction relative to a pressure plate (8) of the press ram (5) Extendable preform position and in the starting position, that of the finished mold position of the ram (5) corresponds to being reversible. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das ausfahrbare Teil (15) des Preßstempels (5) als Formschwert mit einer schrägen Fläche (16) ausgebildet ist, das mit einem vertikal beweglichen Kolben (12) eines Hydraulikzylinders (10) verbunden ist, der zusammen mit der Druckplatte (8) und demk Formschwert den Preßstempel (5) bildet und an der Unterseite einer vertikal beweglichen Auflastplatte (7) der Formmaschine befestigt ist.Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the extendable part (15) of the press ram (5) is designed as a shaped sword with an inclined surface (16) which is connected to a vertically movable piston (12) of a hydraulic cylinder (10) which forms the press ram (5) together with the pressure plate (8) and demk mold sword and is attached to the underside of a vertically movable load plate (7) of the molding machine. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Kolbenstange (13) des Kolbens (12) am oberen und unteren Ende des Hydraulikzylinders (10) herausgeführt ist und über je einen oberen und unteren Querträger (14) mit dem Teil (15) verbunden ist.Device according to claim 3, characterized in that a piston rod (13) of the piston (12) is led out at the upper and lower end of the hydraulic cylinder (10) and is connected to the part (15) via an upper and lower cross member (14) . Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hydraulikzylinder (10) am Umfang rechteckig ausgeführt ist und zwischen zwei vertikalen Trägern (6) befestigt ist, die mit ihren oberen Enden an der Auflastplatte (7) angeordnet sind und deren unteren Enden die Druckplatte (8) tragen.Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (10) is rectangular on the circumference and is fixed between two vertical supports (6) which are arranged with their upper ends on the load plate (7) and the lower ends of which Wear pressure plate (8). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedem Formnest (2) der Mehrfachform (1) ein oder mehrere Preßstempel (5) mit dem ausfahrbaren Teil (15) zugeordnet ist und sämtliche Preßstempel (5) an der Unterseite der vertikal beweglichen Auflastplatte (7) der Formmaschine angeordnet sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each mold cavity (2) of the multiple mold (1) is assigned one or more press rams (5) with the extendable part (15) and all press rams (5) are arranged on the underside of the vertically movable load plate (7) of the molding machine. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Betonsteinen, insbesondere nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das ausfahrbare Teil (21) des Druckorgans aus einem Seitenstempel (20) besteht, der durch den oberen Teil einer Seitenwand (3) des Formnestes (2) gebildet wird und relativ zum feststehenden, unteren Teil der Seitenwand (3) in horizontaler Richtung in eine Vorformstellung ausfahrbar und in die Ausgangsstellung zurückfahrbar ist.Device for the production of concrete blocks, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that the extendable part (21) of the pressure member consists of a side stamp (20) which is formed by the upper part of a side wall (3) of the mold cavity (2) and relatively can be extended to the fixed, lower part of the side wall (3) in a horizontal direction into a preform position and can be moved back to the starting position. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedem Formnest (2) der Mehrfachform (1) ein ausfahrbares Teil (21) zugeordnet ist und daß jedes Teil (21) über Schubstangen (25) mit je einem an den beiden Außenseiten der Mehrfachform (1) angeordneten Hydraulikzylinder (22) verbunden ist.Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that each mold cavity (2) of the multiple mold (1) is assigned an extendable part (21) and that each part (21) via push rods (25) with one on each of the two outer sides of the multiple mold (1 ) arranged hydraulic cylinder (22) is connected. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Übergang der Druckplatte (8) zur schrägen Fläche (16) des Teils (15) ein austauschbares Verschleißstück (17) lösbar befestigt ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an exchangeable wear piece (17) is detachably fastened at the transition of the pressure plate (8) to the inclined surface (16) of the part (15).
EP95102850A 1994-07-23 1995-03-01 Apparatus for making concrete elements Expired - Lifetime EP0693351B1 (en)

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DE4426192A DE4426192A1 (en) 1994-07-23 1994-07-23 Method and device for producing concrete blocks
DE4426192 1994-07-23

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EP0937556A2 (en) * 1998-02-20 1999-08-25 Betonwerk Northeim C.G. Mäder GmbH &amp; Co. Process and mould for making concrete blocks , in particular for the railway track building
DE10326126A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-07-15 Rampf Formen Gmbh Device for the production of shaped stones
US20140272284A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 David M. Franke Multi zone cementitious product and method
FR3050395A1 (en) * 2016-04-20 2017-10-27 Bonna Sabla METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CONCRETE ELEMENT WITH A REFLECTIVE SURFACE OF GLASS BALLS AND ELEMENT OBTAINED

Families Citing this family (1)

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US11701795B1 (en) 2019-02-27 2023-07-18 Hamilton Form Company, Ltd. Concrete mold form

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DE940568C (en) * 1954-08-20 1956-03-22 Schlosser & Co G M B H Method and device for covering moldings made of heavy concrete with a fine concrete layer, in particular curbs
FR2029239A5 (en) * 1969-01-21 1970-10-16 Minato Pere Et Fils
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0937556A2 (en) * 1998-02-20 1999-08-25 Betonwerk Northeim C.G. Mäder GmbH &amp; Co. Process and mould for making concrete blocks , in particular for the railway track building
EP0937556A3 (en) * 1998-02-20 2000-08-16 Betonwerk Northeim C.G. Mäder GmbH &amp; Co. Process and mould for making concrete blocks , in particular for the railway track building
DE10326126A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-07-15 Rampf Formen Gmbh Device for the production of shaped stones
US20140272284A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 David M. Franke Multi zone cementitious product and method
FR3050395A1 (en) * 2016-04-20 2017-10-27 Bonna Sabla METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CONCRETE ELEMENT WITH A REFLECTIVE SURFACE OF GLASS BALLS AND ELEMENT OBTAINED

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ATE194095T1 (en) 2000-07-15
DE59508506D1 (en) 2000-08-03
EP0693351B1 (en) 2000-06-28
DE4426192A1 (en) 1996-01-25

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